专题14 备战2022高考英语阅读理解文体专项训练之夹叙夹议文

备战2022高考英语阅读文体专项训练

之夹叙夹议文（教师版）

（A）

I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.I was always an enthusiastic reader,sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties,I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.

My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old.It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.

As I grew older and became a mother,the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life.I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library,where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them. 

I always read,using different voices,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it!It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.

Now,I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.

As a novelist,I’ve found a new relationship with libraries.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book.I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers,a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.Libraries,in their own way,help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.

1.Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?

A.Cooperative.                      B.Uneasy.

C.Inseparable.                       D.Casual.

2.What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.Pleasure from working in the library.

B.Joy of reading passed on in the family.

C.Wonderment from acting out the stories.

D.A closer bond developed with the readers.

3.What does the author call on other writers to do?

A.Sponsor book fairs.                  B.Write for social media.

C.Support libraries.                    D.Purchase her novels.

4.Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Reading:A Source of Knowledge

B.My Idea about Writing

C.Library:A Haven for the Young

D.My Love of the Library

参考答案：

1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者从有记忆起就喜欢读书,有时一天能读三本书。由此推知作者与书籍的关系是“不可分离”。故选C项。

2.B　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,作者成为母亲后,她的孩子们也喜欢读书,喜欢去图书馆。由此推断出,画线部分指的是读书的乐趣延续到了下一代人身上。故选B项。

3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句内容可知,作者号召其他作家用自己能做到的方式支持图书馆。故选C项。

4.D　标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要讲述了作者对图书馆的热爱。故选D项。

（B）

“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.

I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on... At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright.Yes,I’ll do it.” 

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.

In that sense,I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lies?

1.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?

A.She knows little about the club.

B.She isn’t good at sports.

C.She just doesn’t want to volunteer.

D.She’s unable to meet her schedule.

2.What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?

A.Encourage teamwork.

B.Appeal to feelings.

C.Promote good deeds.

D.Provide advice.

3.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?

A.She gets interested in lacrosse.

B.She is proud of her kids.

C.She’ll work for another season.

D.She becomes a good helper.

4.Why does the author like doing volunteer work?

A.It gives her a sense of duty.

B.It makes her very happy.

C.It enables her to work hard.

D.It brings her material rewards.

参考答案：

1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“You can use me as a last resort,and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”可知,这位家长让作者最后再考虑她,如果没有其他人当志愿者,她才会做。由此可知,她不想做志愿者工作。

2.B　词义猜测题。开头提到这位家长不愿当志愿者,再根据第二段的“She may just need a little persuading.”以及下文作者提到的两个例子可知,作者是想让她内心有所触动。对比四个选项可知,B项正确。

3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.”可知,这位家长安排就餐时间表、发送电子邮件,并且为季末礼品筹款。这些都可表明她是一位好帮手。故选D项。

4.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Connecting to the community as you freely give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.”可知,志愿者工作给她带来了快乐。故选B项。

（C）

For the past two years I have been travelling and living abroad.Home has become more of a feeling than a place.I feel at home when I am with my family in London,but I also feel at home in Italy with friends I love.Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows.It is more complicated than that.

This is one of the reasons that celebrating the New Year has become very important for me.I do not care about “New Year’s resolutions(愿望)”— living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life,so I don’t feel the need to plan for change:I live for change.

New Year’s Eve has become my time to reconnect with the friends,which makes me feel at home.Every year we try to reunite wherever we are,and remember the time when we knew each other so well that we felt like a family.It is a moment to reconnect and get to know each other again.Last year,we travelled to a cottage in Ireland where we had no Internet and no neighbours.In the middle of the countryside,away from our constantly changing lives,we were able to become like a little family again.

This year,we went to Barcelona.It was a very big change.We were surrounded by culture and life and joy.There were bars and parties.It was different,but one thing stayed very much the same—I felt at home again and we felt like a family again.

A lot of people feel that New Year’s Eve cannot live up to expectations.Ideas such as the “New Year’s kiss” and “resolutions” create a lot of pressure for people to have a night to remember,a night that will change their lives and perhaps make the next year one worth living.I think those people are missing the point.If Christmas is about family,why can’t New Year be about friends?

1.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A.Family. B.Living abroad.

C.Home. D.Staying with friends.

2.Why doesn’t the author care about “New Year’s resolutions”?

A.New Year’s resolutions cannot be reached.

B.His lifestyle makes him always ready for change.

C.It’s meaningless to make any big changes in life.

D.Making New Year’s resolutions creates much pressure.

3.What does the author try to convey through his experiences in Ireland and Barcelona?

A.Life is peaceful and enjoyable.

B.Living abroad is a happy experience.

C.Staying with friends makes one feel at home.

D.Travelling abroad enriches one’s life experience.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.New Year’s Celebration:How?

B.True Friendship:What?

C.Living Abroad:Comfortable or Complicated?

D.Change:Plan It or Make It?

参考答案：

1.C　代词指代题。根据上文的“Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows.(家不再是一幅有前门和一些窗户的房子的图画)”可知,下文的意思是“家比这更复杂”,所以“It”指代上文提到的“家”。

2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I do not care about ‘New Year’s resolutions’—living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life,so I don’t feel the need to plan for change:I live for change.”可知,作者不在乎“新年愿望”是因为他的生活方式使他时刻准备着改变,故选B项。

3.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In the middle of the countryside,away from our constantly changing lives,we were able to become like a little family again.”和第四段中的“It was different,but one thing stayed very much the same—I felt at home again and we felt like a family again.”可知,作者试图通过他在爱尔兰和巴塞罗那的经历表达和朋友待在一起让人有回家的感觉。

4.A　主旨大意题。文章第三段中的“New Year’s Eve has become my time to reconnect with the friends,which makes me feel at home.”是全文的主题句,结合全文内容可知,这篇文章主要讲了作者如何看待庆祝新年这个问题,故A项可作为文章的标题。

（D）

Growing up in my household meant often hearing live music.When I was six years old,I took a traditional Irish step dance class.I fell in love and stuck with it for the next seven years.During that time my father also became more involved in the Irish music world,so he would play,and I would dance.My ethnic heritage (族裔归属) is German and Irish,but because I was surrounded by traditional Irish music and dance in my home,I have grown to be more interested in and connected to my Irish heritage.

When I started interning (实习) for the Folklife Festival,I became interested in traditional Basque music and dance and I learned that their experience with dance is very similar to my own.

There are so far over 170 Basque organizations in 24 countries,with a greater population of Basques outside of the Basque country than in it.The separation they experience from their homeland is both physical and psychological,so being part of a group with the same interests is an important social support system.These organizations contribute to the continuation of Basque culture,language,and community,and encourage future generations to learn about their ethnic heritage.One of the ways through which they achieve this is dance.

While learning and performing Basque dances,they connect to their heritage,experience a part of their homeland,preserve Basque culture,and create connections and friendships that last a lifetime.

Californian Valerie Arrechea began teaching alongside her father at the age of thirteen and on her own at sixteen.For her,dance is her preferred expression of heritage;it provides a way to be proud of her Basque heritage.

The dance performances of North American Basque organizations have developed the interest of non-Basque Americans as well.Janet Iribarne from the Basque Dancers explained that their organization is open to anyone,and after seeing her group perform,several of her non-Basque friends have developed their own love of Basque traditions as well.

1.What is the reason for the author’s preference for Irish dance?　　　　　　　　　　　　

A.Her dance teacher.                   B.Her love of Irish music.

C.Her interning experience.              D.Her family’s strong root in dance.

2.What is the purpose of Basque organizations?

A.To help Basques in need.

B.To preserve Basque culture.

C.To provide medical treatment for Basques.

D.To support overseas Basque children for education.

3.What’s non-Basque Americans’ attitude towards Basque dance?

A.They show no interest in it.

B.They find it difficult to learn.

C.They are enthusiastic about it.

D.They are concerned about its future.

参考答案：

1.D　根据第一段中的“because I was surrounded by...to my Irish heritage.”可知,作者喜欢爱尔兰舞蹈是源于家庭氛围的熏陶。

2.B根据第三段中的“These organizations contribute to the continuation of Basque culture,language,and community,and encourage future generations to learn about their ethnic heritage”可知,这些巴斯克组织旨在保护、传承传统文化。

3.C　根据末段中的“The dance performances of North American Basque organizations have developed the interest of non-Basque Americans as well”可知,其他美国人对巴斯克舞蹈感兴趣。

（E）

Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well.Fred Epstein,in his book If I Make It to Five,tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom,a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.

Tom loved to pretend,and he particularly loved to play superheroes.Dr. Epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.

The day before his third trip to the operating room,Tom was terribly afraid.“Maybe I could go as Superman,”he whispered to his mom.Hearing this,the mother hesitated for a while.She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装),but finally she agreed.

The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman,showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.And Tom,with the strength of his fantasy,successfully made it through the operation.

The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only.We all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible,to go through those things that seem impossible,and to achieve what we never believed we could.Just as Dr.Epstein puts it,“If you can dream it,you can do it.”

It doesn’t mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview.But,next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible,imagine what it would take to overcome it.Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.So,let your imagination run wild,and dare to dream.

1.What do we know about Tom?

A.He was seriously ill.

B.He was a dishonest boy.

C.He was crazy about magic.

D.He was Dr.Epstein’s patient.

2.What can be inferred about Tom’s mother?

A.She was a rich lady.

B.She refused Tom’s request.

C.She wanted Tom to be a superhero.

D.She wanted to get Tom through the pain.

3.When Tom went for the third operation,he　　　. 

A.pretended to be painful

B.acted like a superhero

C.appeared in poor spirits

D.argued with his mother

4.In the last paragraph,you are advised　　　. 

A.to go through some difficult tests

B.to wake up from your wild dreams

C.to become a powerful person in your mind

D.to wear expensive clothes for job interviews

5.What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To tell us an interesting story.

B.To help us make right decisions.

C.To advise us to care about children.

D.To encourage us to use our imagination.

参考答案：

1.A　细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后两句“...with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain...”可知,他病得很严重,故选A项。

2.D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第三、四句“Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while.She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装),but finally she agreed.”可知,她并不富有;但最终还是同意了汤姆的请求,为他购买昂贵的戏装,由此推断,她是希望汤姆能度过痛苦关。故选D项。

3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“...Tom appeared as the powerful Superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.”(穿着买来的超人服装)可知,他看起来像是一个强大的超人一样,精神振奋地穿过医院的大厅,很酷地向沿路同他打招呼的人招手。故选B项。

4.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中第一句可排除D项;A项(经历一些困难的测试)和B项(从不羁梦中醒来)与原文最后一句信息不符;由第三句“Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.”可知,C项(要成为一个内心强大的人)正确。

5.D　主旨大意题。由文章首句“Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.”和全文末句“So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.”可知,作者写这篇文章的主要意图是鼓励我们充分发挥想象力。故D项正确。

（F）

On one of her trips to New York several years ago,Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes,another customer was approaching their table.

“Hey,aren’t you from Mississippi?” the elegant,white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“I’m from Mississippi too.”

Without a second thought,the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair.

“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,” Welty said.“I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”

Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave,it was pouring outside.Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel,her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚).

“My friend said:‘Now we believe your stories,’”Welty added.“And I said:‘Now you know.These are the people that make me write them.’”

Sitting on a sofa in her room,Welty,a slim figure in a simple gray dress,looked pleased with this explanation.

“I don’t make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I don’t have to.”

Beauticians,bartenders,piano players and people with purple hats,Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends,from walks through the streets of her native Jackson,Miss.,from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that,at 78,her left ear has now given out.Sometimes,sitting on a bus or a train,she hears only a fragment(片段)of a particularly interesting story.

1.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?

A.Two strangers joined her.

B.Her childhood friends came in.

C.A heavy rain ruined the dinner.

D.Some people held a party there.

2.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s 　　　. 

A.readers　　　　　B.parties C.friends 　　　　　　D.stories

3.What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?

A.They live in big cities.

B.They are mostly women.

C.They come from real life.

D.They are pleasure seekers.

参考答案：

1.A　细节理解题　。由第一段最后一句中的“another　 customer was approaching　”和第三段中的“When her dinner　 partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair.　”可知,在韦尔蒂与朋友吃饭时,有两个陌生人　加入了她们。故选A项。

2.D　词义猜测题　。代词通常指代上文刚提到的人或事。根据画线词them前面提到的“Now we believe　 your stories　”可知,本句的意思为“就是这些人们让我写出它们(我的故事)”。故选D项。

3.C　推理判断题　。由短文倒数第二段中的“I don’t　 make them up　(这些故事不是编的)”以及最后一　段第一句　可知,韦尔蒂小说中的人物均来自现实生活中。故选C项。

（G）

People aren’t walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it.

I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel.The journey is a matter of 281 steps.But I used the car.And I wasn’t in any hurry,either.I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness:motorosis.

It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(免疫的),for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs.At that time,we regarded 25 miles as a good day’s walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill.It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship.And the effect was lasting.When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Statue of Liberty.

Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart.But a well-known British physician,Sir Adolphe Abrahams,pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise.A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly.And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the most familiar and natural of all.

It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.The man walking can learn the trees,flowers,insects,birds and animals,the significance of seasons,the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world.He cannot learn in a car.

The car is a convenient means of transport,but we have made it our way of life.Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more;to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat.To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road.And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.

I say that the green of forests is the mind’s best light.And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.

1.What is the national sickness?

A.Walking too much.

B.Traveling too much.

C.Driving cars too much.

D.Climbing stairs too much.

2.What was life like when the author was young?

A.People usually went around on foot.

B.People often walked 25 miles a day.

C.People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.

D.People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship.

3.The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that 　　　. 

A.middle-aged people like getting back to nature

B.walking in nature helps enrich one’s mind

C.people need regular exercise to keep fit

D.going on foot prevents heart disease

4.What is compared to “a steel river” in Paragraph 6?

A.A queue of cars. B.A ray of traffic light.

C.A flash of lightning. D.A stream of people.

5.What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?

A.To tell people to reflect more on life.

B.To recommend people to give up driving.

C.To advise people to do outdoor activities.

D.To encourage people to return to walking.

参考答案：

1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,人们普遍犯的一种病就是:太过依赖于汽车,故选C项。

2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs”可知A项正确。根据第三段第二句可知B项错误;根据第三段最后一句可知C项错误;根据“...cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill”可知D项错误。

3.B　细节理解题。第五段第一句Henry Thoreau向人们展示了步行所带来的优势,根据“...the very feel of himself as a living creature”可知,步行会使人有精神上的满足。故选B项。

4.A　词义猜测题。本段主要说的是人们过分依赖汽车,对他们来说,安全就是一条钢铁长河在混凝土路上呼啸而过,可知a steel river 指的是一长列汽车。

5.D　写作意图题。作者通过自己的经历及现实生活旨在说明现代人类过分依赖交通工具而忘了步行所带来的优势和乐趣,故写作的目的是鼓励人们多步行。

（H）

In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.

From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, bur sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They don’t get to see this soft side of others often, we try bevery way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending we’re brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that’s in them.

Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me. At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty fore years of driving. I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.

No more angry shouts and no more horns!

When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understoof. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldn’t get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.

Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t feel that way. But those are and far between. More often, it would be better if we don’t pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.

1. the author has discovered that people will feel happy when ______.

   A. the offer their help

   B. they receive others’ help

   C. they feel others’ kindness

   D. they show their weakness

2. The author feels sad sometimes because ______.

   A. he has a soft heart

   B. he relies much on others

   C. some people pretend to be kind

   D. some people fail to see the kindness in others

3. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?

A. They speed up to pass.

   B. They waited with patience.

   C. They tried their best to help.

   D. They put on their flashlights too.

4. In this passage, the author advises us to ______.

   A. handle problems by ourselves

   B. accept help from others

   C. admit our weakness

   D. show our bravery

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

   A. A Wheelchair Experience.

   B. Weakness and Kindness.

   C. Weakness and Strength

D. A Driving Experience

参考答案：

1．A细节理解题。由第一自然段的后两句可知本题选A。

2．D细节理解题。根据第二自然段中的From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily一句可知本题选D。

3．B推理判断题。由第五自然段中的But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.可知本题选B。

4．C推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知本题C项正确。

5．【答案】B主旨大意题。根据主题段——第一自然段的前两句可知本文大意思是谈论弱点和好心问题，故本题选B。