热点11 完形填空（热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用）

这是一份热点11 完形填空（热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用），文件包含热点11完形填空解析版-2022年高考英语热点·重点·难点专练doc、热点11完形填空原卷版-2022年高考英语热点·重点·难点专练doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共70页， 欢迎下载使用。

热点11 完形填空




命题新变化
答题巧技法
新高考新变化
从2021年高考全国卷来看，完形填空有如下变化：
1．完形填空是以语篇信息为基础，以中心脉络信息为主线，多层面反复式信息为暗示，纵横向立体式信息相照应，给考生提供足够的解题信息。
2．完形填空的考点层次从低到高可分为：词汇层次、句子层次、语篇层次。
练好基本功
多读、多记，加大输入量，不断积累，及时归纳总结，从量变到质变。
培养“两”感
多想、多悟，培养良好的词感和语感。
选材
特点
完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文为主，主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然，选材都是积极向上、充满正能量的文章，在思想上和行动上树立了积极的榜样，倡导至真、至善、至美的价值观。
多做填字游戏
读的时候头脑清醒，能做的时候先做；不能做的，暂时放弃，眼光放远一点，就会有柳暗花明之时，找到做题的线索。
考查
特点
主要考查实词。一般情况下，名词和动词(短语)考查的数量在2/3以上。在能力方面着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
核心素养
多阅读弘扬正能量的语篇，多积累有关英语国家的社会文化、风俗习惯及基本的地理、历史知识等。


一　三步解题

[2021·全国卷甲]It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was __41__ at the hotel on business and planning to __42__ some friends in the area. They had asked him to __43__ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was __45__ that it would be too warm, he __46__ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was __47__ and well chilled (冷却) and he __48__.
That's when things went __49__. “I remember walking down the long __50__ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls，” Burchill said in a recent letter of __51__ to the 4-star hotel. “The seagulls immediately went __52__. They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to __53__ at the same time, and pepperoni — everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down. It was a real __54__.”
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have __55__ and I admit responsibility for my __56__，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, __57__， to apologize for the damage I had __58__ caused and to ask you to __59__ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter __60__. Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.,　　　　　　　　　　　　　
41．A.studying B．staying
C.looking D．packing
42．A.visit B．help
C.follow D. make
43．A.sell B．have
C.bring D．taste
44．A.filled B．locked
C.abandoned D．lost
45．A.surprised B．pleased
C.excited D. worried
46．A.dug B．cleared
C.cut D．laid
47．A.delicious B．safe
C.soft D．ready
48．A.left B．nodded
C.waited D．regretted
49．A.far B．funny
C.wrong D．blind
50．A.beach B．driveway
C.hall D．table
51．A.application B．apology
C.request D．invitation
52．A.hungry B．dead
C.missing D．wild
53．A.wake up B．get out
C.take off D．break in
54．A.mess B．puzzle
C.fight D．challenge
55．A.recovered B. retired
C.escaped D．matured
56．A.suffering B．plans
C.madness D．actions
57．A.hands in pockets B．nose in the air
C.hat in hand D．feet on the ground
58．A.indirectly B．deliberately
C.cautiously D. secretly
59．A.replace B．remember
C.reconsider D. renew
60．A.arrived B．worked
C.ended D．disappeared


三步解题流程
第一步
做完形填空题时，考生应根据首句给出的提示，借助文中的关键词，简要了解文章大意。快速通读全文，抓住主线，理清脉络，把握全篇。通览全文明大意
第二步
先易后难逐级填
第三步
填空全部完成后，将选项代入原文，通读一遍，看读文是否流畅、语意是否连贯，对感到很不通顺的地方，可以复核验证读全篇从语法、词义、习惯用法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面进一步验证和确定答案。


谨防失分绝招
1．词不离句、句不离篇原则
做题时避免见空填空，即看到一个空格，直接看选项进行选择，失误率会大大增加。完形填空强调单词、短语在语境(句子层面、段落层面，篇章层面)中的应用。填第一空时，务必读到第二空，很多时候两个题空之间出题者往往给了很多暗示和线索，依次类推。
2．无关词排除原则
文章一般都有非常明确的中心主线，结构很紧凑，正确选项一般都是紧扣文章的中心主线，一些看上去明显和文章主线毫无关系的选项，可以排除在外。
3．末段紧扣主题原则
文章的末段通常是本文内容的升华，或是主旨大意的概括，或是作者思想境界的提升等，总之与主题密切相关，与文章主题无关或相左的选项可以排除。

Test 1
[2021·绵阳市第一次诊断考试]In the process of celebrating my 60th birthday with a 60-day kindness challenge, I got the greatest birthday surprise from my daughters. When they asked me what I __1__ for my birthday, I said, “Please do a __2__ act for someone in my __3__.” They took it way __4__.
They got in __5__ with all my friends and the other family members and asked them to do the __6__ thing I had asked of them, as my birthday __7__. Then they asked them to __8__ them after they had done their __9__ and tell them what they had done. They also asked their friends to do the same.
On my birthday, I was presented with a __10__ scrapbook (剪贴簿) filled with pictures and all the kindness acts written out in their own words, __11__ me what they had done and how it made them feel.
The “acts” ranged from __12__ frequent flyer miles so someone could visit their mom, shortening showers' duration (持续时间) to help with the water __13__， bringing an elderly neighbor coffee in the morning, stopping to buy a __14__ person lunch, __15__ at a Red Cross blood drive, to many, many other beautiful gestures.
I cannot tell you how __16__ I was by this gift, and even more touched that their young adult friends would __17__ with such love and enthusiasm. I cannot __18__ a better gift. I share this story with the __19__ that many a beautiful “someone” passes on this idea. The joy of it is __20__！

1．A.wanted B．planned
C.recommended D．suspected
2．A.brightness B．kindness
C.happiness D．politeness
3．A.reputation B．belief
C.honor D．trust
4．A.further B．deeper
C.bigger D．greater
5．A.trouble B．agreement
C.touch D．tune
6．A.various B．precious
C.meaningful D．same
7．A.present B．promise
C.contribution D．sacrifice
8．A.talk to B．write to
C.stare at D．look after
9．A.behaviour B．responsibility
C.matter D．act
10．A.simple B．complicated
C.gorgeous D．common
11．A.warning B．reminding
C.telling D．explaining
12．A.providing B．donating
C.lending D．objecting
13．A.shortage B．pollution
C.impact D．disaster
14．A.fearless B．homeless
C.selfless D．careless
15．A.practising B．instructing
C.monitoring D．volunteering
16．A.disturbed B．satisfied
C.touched D．disappointed
17．A.demonstrate B．complain
C.propose D．participate
18．A.look into B．think of
C.make out D．pick up
19．A.hope B．decision
C.fact D．opinion
20．A.challenging B．fascinating
C.appealing D．astonishing

Test 2
[2021·昆明市高三“三诊一模”]Did you know that truck driving is one of the unhealthiest professions? Smoking, obesity (肥胖), high blood pressure, __1__ physical activity... In a national survey, 61% of long-distance truck drivers have two or more health __2__. I know what that's like because for nearly four years, I was a truck __3__ myself.
In trucking, it's all about the __4__ schedule. Every second __5__. Eat. Sleep. Drive. That's all you have time for. How was I going to fit in with __6__？ Two months after I started, I found my face was __7__ when I checked out my reflection in the mirror.
One night, I was watching TV and __8__ an exercise machine. The inventor said __9__ that four minutes on the machine would give the __10__ of an hour-long workout. I thought that was __11__. There was only one way to find out. I'd have to __12__ it. Not the machine itself—it was large and cost $15，000—I came up with a workout plan—using my own __13__ without any equipment.
Anytime I had a few __14__， I worked out. Beside my truck at rest stops, I'd do exercise. Some of the guys __15__ me. But some drivers would come up and say, “Man, I really need to do this. Could you __16__ me？” I did and gave them exercise and nutrition __17__ while exercising in front of my truck. The more I __18__ them, the more I realized my new routine wasn't just for me. It was meant to help other people find their way to __19__. That's what I'm doing and I've never felt more __20__.

1．A.active B．easy
C.limited D．enough
2．A.systems B．magazines
C.clubs D．problems
3．A.repairer B．driver
C.conductor D．seller
4．A.delivery B．training
C.production D．exercising
5．A.passes B．judges
C.exists D．counts
6．A.working out B．taking off
C.living on D．giving up
7．A.longer B．smaller
C.cleaner D．fuller
8．A.picked out B．came across
C.set up D．put aside
9．A.casually B．firmly
C.gently D．occasionally
10．A.standards B．pleasure
C.benefits D．advance
11．A.ridiculous B．common
C.natural D．different
12．A.research B．examine
C.try D．match
13．A.mind B．body
C.duty D．decision
14．A.months B．weeks
C.days D．minutes
15．A.educated B．disturbed
C.teased D．inspired
16．A.encourage B．protect
C.comfort D．teach
17．A.tips B．voices
C.reports D．choices
18．A.consulted B．praised
C.coached D．persuaded
19．A.recovery B．health
C.victory D．treatment
20．A.satisfied B．independent
C.touched D．fortunate



























一 三步解题流程
详解答案

【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了主人公Burchill的经历。他在酒店晾香肠却引来了一群海鸥，给酒店造成了损失，因此被酒店列入黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉，酒店准许他重新进入。
41．答案与解析：B　考查动词。根据语境及空后的“at the hotel on business”可知，此处指的是“出差待在酒店里”，故选B。
42．答案与解析：A　考查动词。根据下文“They had asked him to __43__ some pepperoni(辣香肠)from back east”可知，作者是要去见他的朋友们。visit“看望，访问，拜访”符合语境，故选A。
43．答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据下文的“from back east”可知，此处应是朋友们让作者带些辣香肠来。bring“带来”符合语境，故选C。
44．答案与解析：A　考查动词。根据上文内容可知，Burchill要去见朋友，朋友要求他带一些辣香肠过来。由此可推知，此处应表示他装了满满一箱的辣香肠。fill“使充满，装满”符合语境，故选A。
45．答案与解析：D　考查形容词。根据“it would be too warm”和下文的内容可知，空处所在句是说，Burchill担心辣香肠的温度过高。worried“担心的，担忧的”符合语境，故选D。
46．答案与解析：D　考查动词。根据空后的“out on the table near an open window”和常识可知，Burchill担心辣香肠温度过高，所以他应是把辣香肠拿出来放在窗户旁的桌子上。lay“放置”符合语境，故选D。
47．答案与解析：B　考查形容词。根据上下文的内容可知，Burchill应是认为把辣香肠放在窗户旁是安全的，并且能够让它冷却下来。safe“安全的”符合语境，故选B。
48．答案与解析：A　考查动词。根据下文“opening the door to my room”可知，Burchill应是离开了放置辣香肠的房间。leave“离开”符合语境，故选A。
49．答案与解析：C　考查形容词。根据下文的“...to find an entire flock of seagulls”和下文的内容可知，令作者没想到的是，辣香肠引来了一群海鸥，所以空处所在句应是说事情出了问题。wrong“引起问题的，不正常的”符合语境，故选C。
50．答案与解析：C　考查名词。根据空前的“Walking down the long”和下文的“opening the door to my room”可知，Burchill走过了长长的走廊才打开了门进入自己的房间。hall“过道，走廊”符合语境，故选C。
51．答案与解析：B　考查名词。根据下文提到的“...to apologize for the damage”可知，Burchill写了一封道歉信给这家四星级酒店。apology“道歉，致歉”符合语境，故选B。
52．答案与解析：D　考查形容词。根据下文“They rushed to the window”和常识可知，海鸥在人进入房间后应会变得不受控制并想要飞到窗户外面去。go wild“发狂，发疯”符合该处语境，故选D。
53．答案与解析：B　考查动词短语。根据上文的描述和常识可知，空处所在句是说海鸥想要飞出窗外。get out“出去，逃离”符合语境，故选B。wake up“醒来”；take off“起飞；脱掉”；break in“破门而入”。
54．答案与解析：A　考查名词。根据上文“...and pepperoni — everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down.”可知，现场应是一片混乱。mess“混乱，杂乱”符合语境，故选A。
55．答案与解析：D　考查动词。根据上文“Older and wiser now...”可知，现在的Burchill变得更加成熟了。mature“成熟”符合语境，故选D。
56．答案与解析：D　考查名词。根据上文的内容可知，Burchill承认这个严重的后果是他晾辣香肠的行为所导致的，他应该为此负责。action“行为，行动”符合语境，故选D。
57．答案与解析：C　考查名词短语。根据上下文的内容可知，空处所在句应是说“我”真诚地为“我”造成的损失表示歉意。hat in hand“毕恭毕敬地”符合语境，故选C。hands in pockets“手插兜”；nose in the air“目中无人”；feet on the ground“脚踏实地”。
58．答案与解析：A　考查副词。根据全文的内容可知，这件事情是由Burchill间接造成的。indirectly“间接地，非直接地”符合语境，故选A。
59．答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据上文内容可知，Burchill因为一时的疏忽给酒店造成了严重的影响，所以被列入了黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉。故空处所在句是说，他请求酒店重新考虑一下自己终身被禁的事情。reconsider“重新考虑”符合语境，故选C。
60．答案与解析：B　考查动词。根据下文“Burchill is now welcome to come back”可知，他写的信起了作用。work“奏效，起到作用”符合语境，故选B。

Test 1
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——60岁的生日惊喜
【文章大意】　为了庆祝自己60岁的生日，我进行了60天善心挑战，在此过程中，我收到了来自女儿们的最大的生日惊喜。她们不仅自己施行善举，还联系了我所有的朋友和其余的家庭成员，让他们也加入其中，并制作了精美的剪贴簿，记录下了与此相关的照片和感言。
1．答案与解析：A　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，我生日时女儿们应是问我“想要”什么作为生日礼物。recommend“推荐”；suspect“怀疑”。
2．答案与解析：B　考查词汇复现。根据本段第一句中的“In the process of celebrating my 60th birthday with a 60­day kindness challenge”可知，应选B。
3．答案与解析：C　考查固定搭配和语境推断。固定搭配in one's honor“为向……表示敬意”符合语境。reputation“名声，名誉”；belief“信念，信仰”；trust“信任”。
4．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据上文可知，我要求女儿们为了我向他人行善举，而下一段提到，女儿们不仅自己做了还联系了我所有的朋友和其余的家庭成员，让他们也向他人行善，take sth. further意为“进一步做某事”，符合语境。故选A。
5．答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。get in touch with...“与……取得联系”。
6．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。女儿们要求他们(亲朋好友们)做我要求她们做的“同样的”事，作为我的生日礼物。various“各种各样的”；precious“珍贵的”；meaningful“有意义的”。
7．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。参见上题解析。promise“承诺”；contribution“贡献”； sacrifice“牺牲”。
8．答案与解析：B　考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“all the kindness acts written out in their own words”可知，她们(女儿们)要求他们(亲朋好友们)在行动之后写信告诉她们做了什么。
9．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。参见上题解析。act“行为，行动”。
10．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。在我生日当天，我收到了一个精美的剪贴簿。 gorgeous“非常漂亮的，美丽动人的”符合语境。complicated“复杂的”。
11．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。带有图片和写下的善举的剪贴簿“告诉”(telling)我他们做了什么以及他们的感受。remind意为“提醒，使想起”，常与about/of搭配。
12．答案与解析：B　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，此处表示“捐赠”飞行里程积分。 provide“提供”；lend“借出”；object“反对”。
13．答案与解析：A　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，缩短淋浴的时长应是用来帮助缓解水资源“短缺”的。
14．答案与解析：B　考查常识推断。根据常识并结合选项可知，停下来应是为无家可归的人买份午餐。
15．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处描述的是具体的善举，应是在一家红十字会献血运动中“做志愿者”。instruct“指示，命令”；monitor“监视，监听”。
16．答案与解析：C　考查词汇复现。根据下文中的“and even more touched that”可知应选C。
17．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。更令我感动的是，她们年轻的成年朋友们竟会带着如此这般的爱心和热情去“参与”。
18．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。我想不出更好的礼物了。think of“想起”符合语境。look into“调查”；make out“看出，听出”；pick up“(不费力地)学会，(开车)接”。
19．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。我带着这样的“希望”分享这个故事，希望很多美好的“某人”传递这种理念。
20．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。第一段第一句说“I got the greatest birthday surprise”，本段又说了我非常感动，所以此处应表示这种善举带来的快乐是令人十分惊讶的。challenging“挑战性的”；fascinating“迷人的”；appealing“有吸引力的，有感染力的”。
Test 2
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——体育与健康——卡车司机录求健康生活
【文章大意】　大多卡车司机由于职业的性质有健康问题，这也是作者自己的体验。作者由此开始探寻保持健康的方法，并运用自己的方法来帮助同行。作者对自己的初衷很满意。
1．答案与解析：C　考查逻辑推断。根据空前的“Smoking, obesity(肥胖), high blood pressure”可推知，此处表示负面的概念，结合选项和卡车司机这个职业可推知，此处表示有限的体育活动。
2．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据上文的“truck driving is one of the unhealthiest professions”可推知，61%的长途卡车司机都有两个或以上的健康问题。
3．答案与解析：B　考查逻辑推断。根据上文出现的“truck drivers”及下文中的“Beside my truck”可知，作者也是一名卡车司机。
4．答案与解析：A　考查语境和常识推断。根据语境中的“In trucking”和常识可知，此处是指运送货物的日程安排。
5．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据上文“it's all about the __4__ schedule”可推知，对于卡车司机来讲，时间至关重要。count“重要”。
6．答案与解析：A　考查同义复现。根据下文中的“an hour­long workout”及“I'd do exercise”可推知，此处表示作者是如何适应锻炼的。
7．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。作者在作卡车司机后，两个月缺乏锻炼导致脸部浮肿。这与之前所陈述的健康问题以及下文作者开始关注健身的状况呼应。
8．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境中的“One night”可推知，作者看电视偶遇到一个练习器械。come across“(偶然)遇见”。
9．答案与解析：B　考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“cost $15，000”可知作者看到的是电视广告，因此发明此器械的人坚定地宣传自己器械的功效。
10．答案与解析：C　考查逻辑推断。发明者坚定地说在该器械上四分钟能达到一小时锻炼的功效。
11．答案与解析：A　考查逻辑推断。作者认为广告夸大其词，因此对其宣传的效果表示质疑。ridiculous“荒谬的”。
12．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据上文“There was only one way to find out”可推知，作者想一探究竟，于是就买了一台这样的器械来做试验。
13．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。作者并没有运用买来的器械来锻炼身体，而是用身体来锻炼。
14．答案与解析：D　考查逻辑推断。根据上文中的“In trucking, it's all about the __4__ schedule. Every second __5__. Eat. Sleep. Drive. That's all you have time for”可推知，卡车司机日程很紧张，因此作者一有几分钟的时间就锻炼身体。
15．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“But some drivers would come up and say, ‘Man, I really need to do this. Could you __16__ me？’”转折可推知，有人嘲笑作者在卡车旁锻炼的做法。tease“嘲笑”。
16．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据“I really need to do this”可推知，这些人是赞赏作者的做法的，因此想让作者也教一教他们。与下文“I did and gave them exercise and nutrition __17__ while exercising in front of my truck”呼应。
17．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。作者给那些向他求助的人一些锻炼和营养的建议。
18．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据“Could you __16__ me？”及“I did and gave them exercise and nutrition __17__ while exercising in front of my truck”可推知，选C项。coach“指导”。
19．答案与解析：B　考查词汇复现和语境推断。根据“61% of long­distance truck drivers have two or more health __2__”可推知，作者在帮助他人寻求健康的方法。
20．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。作者对自己寻求健康的方法很是满意。

二 句内、句组、语篇层次题
一、5 大方法速判句内层次题
句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。

方法1 利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题

[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be __41__ to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, 42.finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.
41．A.attached B．allocated
C．exposed D．submitted
分析：本题可以利用习惯搭配解题。根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知主人公的真名是隐私的、不可透露的。由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
　
[2021·全国卷乙]And there you have it. To many people, __59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra and should be rewarded.
59．A.risking B．changing
C．saving D．building
分析：第59题考查语境和常识推断。对许多人来说，挽救(saving)生命是医护人员工作的一部分，但是做头发是额外的(extra)事，应当得到酬谢。risk“冒险”；change“改变”；build“培养，发展”。
自主解答：________

方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
　
[2021·浙江卷]．..However，within fifteen minutes of 39.arriving，my worries had gone. Everyone was so __40__ and like-minded that it was very 41.easy to feel at home.
40．A.confident B．friendly
C．energetic D．curious
分析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
Everyone was so __40__　and　like-minded that it was
　　　　 　形容词 并列连词　形容词
very 41.easy to feel at home.
从上述分析可以看出，第40题与“like-minded”形成对应关系。因为有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

方法4 利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
　
[2020·山东高考模拟卷]I am willing to 32.stay__up here for as long as it takes, __33__ I honestly hope it won't be 34.too__long before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be 35.logged.
33．A.but　　　 B．though
C．because　　 D．so
分析：本题可以利用转折关系解题。空前提到“我愿意待在树上”，空后说“我不希望待在树上太长时间”，由此可知，前后语义为转折关系。
自主解答：________

方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
　
[2021·全国卷乙]She was__49__for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge，we shared in her50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
49．A.grateful B．thoughtful
C．sorrowful D．fearful
分析：本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thoughtful“周到的，体贴的”；sorrowful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的，害怕的”
自主解答：________


二、4大技巧稳抓句组层次题
句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
技巧1 利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
1．原词复现
　
[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]One day they'll 47.wake__up and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a __48__．
I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences. I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we're telling is doing 52.spiritual__ damage to our children.
48．A.dream B．lie
C．fantasy D．fact
分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。由下文的“ I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie ...”并结合语境可知正确选项。
自主解答：________
2．同义复现
　
[2021·3月天津卷]For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got __16__ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17.emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18.instead.
16．A.amazed B．mad
C．curious D．frightened
分析：本题可以利用同义复现解题。根据下文的“After letting go of his anger and frustration”可知此处和“anger”“ frustration”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________
3．反义复现

　[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our 48.roles in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds. 51.Slow__down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night，it was all a little more high- pressure than I'd 52.expected.
50．A.harder B．better
C．longer D．cheaper
分析：本题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管前文提到了“Our 48.roles in the factory were simple”，根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”“a little more high- pressure”可知，作者想表达实际上作者他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单， harder与simple构成反义复现。
自主解答：________
4．代词复现

[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed__off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go.
57．A.woman B．police
C．man D．driver
分析：本题可以利用代词复现解题。根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还需要他，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员。下文中的代词“They”是复数，四个选项中只有police是集合名词，表示复数，也符合常识。
自主解答：________

技巧2 利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题
在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
　
[2021·浙江卷1月]My job was to 45.build a stairway out of rock. This 46.meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions，although I should say they were only heard，never 47.seen.
Three days later，a beautiful stairway came into being. The __48__ of knowing that my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
48．A.satisfaction B．ambition
C．expectation D．intention
分析：本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据划线处后半句“my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive”，“了解我的工作成果(work)将会在未来数年都在这个山坡上”，作者对自己的工作有十足的满足感，故用satisfaction“满足，满足感”。
自主解答：________

技巧3 利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。
　
[2021·天津卷3月]In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. __32__， the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
32．A.Otherwise B．However
C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
分析：本题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时，孩子们也获得了成就感。otherwise“否则，不然”；however“但是”；somehow“以某种方式”；meanwhile“与此同时”。
自主解答：________

[2020·新高考山东卷]When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23.disturbing happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24.damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. __25__， the number of snakes had declined as well.
25．A.Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
分析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。空前提到“鸟的数量减少了”，空后提到“蛇的数量也减少了”，此处表示语意上的递进。
自主解答：________

技巧4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
　
[2021·全国卷甲]Burchill was 41.staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42.visit some friends in the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of pepperoni.
44．A.filled B．locked
C．abandoned D．lost
分析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east”，可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。
自主解答：________


Test 1
[2020·湖南六校联考]An evening in October, I landed in Kuching, the capital city of Sarawak in Malaysia. I was an 18－year－old Dubai－raised kid away from home for the first time to start my undergraduate studies.
I had never travelled alone before. I pushed my __1__ and headed for the airport __2__ to find a grey car with the name of my university on it.
As we left the airport, the __3__ began talking to me. As I am a driving __4__ myself, we started talking about cars and driving.
“Never make a Sarawakian __5__，\” he warned. “No road rage(路怒). Very dangerous！”Not long into our __6__， the lights of the car behind flashed at us. This continued more aggressively and my driver started to __7__. We pulled over to the roadside. My heart was pounding but I tried to put on a(n) __8__ face as the man from the car came up and made his way to my side of the car. As he reached my window, I __9__ it down and tried to __10__ a smile.
I looked down at his hands to see that he was __11__ my travel bag. It __12__ my passport, a return ticket, as well as cash and letters for the university. I had left it behind on the trolley at the __13__ and this man had been trying to __14__ it to me ever since we had left the airport.
Breathing a huge sigh of __15__， I took my bag and showed __16__ to this stranger. The man welcomed me to Kuching, wished me luck with my university studies and drove away.
This act of kindness __17__ cheered me up and thanks to this honest __18__， the initial self－doubt I had about my decision to __19__ so far away from home was __20__ with hope and excitement.

1．A.presents B．baggage
C．books D．bike
2．A.entrance B．building
C．exit D．hotel
3．A.driver B．teacher
C．tourist D．classmate
4．A.expert B．athlete
C．enthusiast D．coach
5．A.nervous B．curious
C．angry D．excited
6．A.journey B．category
C．adventure D．practice
7．A.shout B．cry
C．laugh D．panic
8．A.serious B．brave
C．honest D．kind
9．A.rolled B．broke
C．closed D．knocked
10．A.draw B．hide
C．imagine D．force
11．A.unfastening B．holding
C．searching D．emptying
12．A.protected B．displayed
C．collected D．contained
13．A.airport B．station
C．supermarket D．harbor
14．A.pass B．deliver
C．offer D．return
15．A.doubt B．regret
C．relief D．sadness
16．A.appreciation B．satisfaction
C．praise D．excitement
17．A.regularly B．normally
C．immediately D．occasionally
18．A.stranger B．student
C．policeman D．attendant
19．A.live B．work
C．play D．study
20．A.filled B．replaced
C．covered D．crowded

Test 2
[2021·绵阳市第二次诊断]When I first attended a T'ai Chi class, I had no idea this eastern movement practice would become so central in my life. It __1__ I was not just there for exercise! For many years it has been my continuing __2__ to share T'ai Chi with students of all ages and walks of life.
Many people begin classes wanting to grow stronger, more __3__， and flexible. Others are looking for effective ways to __4__ with stress, the constant demand and trouble of modern life. __5__ some had seen a TV ad they couldn't remember, describing a group calmly doing T'ai Chi in the park, and it __6__ their curiosity about a different route to health.
Concentrating on __7__ posture (姿势) and breathing control, T'ai Chi's movements are graceful and well balanced, __8__ the complete harmony of body and mind. It is different from western sports such as rugby where the harder and quicker the __9__. T'ai Chi is a sport that strengthens the body as well as the __10__. All of these are powerful benefits of T'ai Chi. __11__， I have found that consistent practice of these forms develops my everyday experience, and __12__ the way for growth.
I've been a __13__ in various schools over the years, and I delight in watching __14__ we each find our own keys to learning. It's a privilege to accompany and __15__ that process in my students. I am __16__ by the marvelous teachers whom I've had the good fortune to work with. All of my __17__ take place in beautiful old buildings. The first class is free to newcomers __18__ they may try it with no commitment. I invite you to __19__ with questions, or to register for classes. Whether you are young or aged, male or female, you can choose T'ai Chi as your __20__ physical exercise.

1．A.breaks out B．turns out
C．makes out D．puts out
2．A.task B．hope
C．burden D．pleasure
3．A.beautiful B．careful
C．comfortable D．balanced
4．A.play B．begin
C．deal D．mix
5．A.Possibly B．Obviously
C．Surely D．Apparently
6．A.aroused B．destroyed
C．applied D．completed
7．A.fantastic B．correct
C．extreme D．complex
8．A.admitting B．extending
C．realizing D．promoting
9．A.faster B．slower
C．better D．worse
10．A.mind B．movement
C．confidence D．memory
11．A.However B．Besides
C．Therefore D．Instead
12．A.cuts B．closes
C．obtains D．clears
13．A.stranger B．student
C．teacher D．colleague
14．A.when B．how
C．where D．why
15．A.support B．relieve
C．forgive D．comfort
16．A.praised B．demanded
C．inspired D．commanded
17．A.schools B．teachers
C．grades D．classes
18．A.so that B．even though
C．now that D．in case
19．A.pursue B．examine
C．consult D．accommodate
20．A.familiar B．ideal
C．favorite D．imaginary




二 句内、句组、语篇层次题

一、详解答案

方法1　答案：C
方法2　答案：C
方法3　答案：B
方法4　答案：A
方法5　答案：A
二、
技巧1
1．答案：B
2．答案：B
3．答案：A
4．答案：B
技巧2　答案：A
技巧3　答案：1.D　2.A
技巧4　答案：A

Test 1
体裁：记叙文　题材：个人经历　主题：陌生人的帮助让“我”对未来的学习充满希望
【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”是在迪拜长大的十八岁青年，计划去马来西亚古晋完成大学学业。在古晋机场，“我”的旅行包遗失，没想到一位陌生人驾车追赶我们将“我”的旅行包还给“我”。陌生人的帮助让“我”对未来的学习和生活充满了希望。
1．答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“travelled”和该句中的“the airport”，并结合常识可知，这是“我”的第一次独自远行，“我”推着行李朝着机场出口(exit)走去。B项意为“行李”，故B项正确。
2．答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。C项意为“出口”，故C项正确。
3．答案与解析：A　根据上文可知，前来接“我”的是有“我”大学名字的一辆灰色的车；结合下文中的“we started talking about cars and driving\”可知，司机开始和“我”交谈起来。
4．答案与解析：C　根据该句中的“we started talking about cars and driving”可知，我们开始谈论汽车和驾驶；据此可推知，“我”是一名驾驶爱好者；C项意为“爱好者”，故C项正确。A项意为“专家”，B项意为“运动员”，D项意为“教练”，都与语境不符。
5．答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“No road rage(路怒). Very dangerous！”可知，司机警告“我”，不要惹怒这里的人。
6．答案与解析：A　根据上文可知，一辆灰色的车来机场接“我”；结合该句可推知，在我们进入行程不久后，我们后面的一辆汽车向我们闪车灯。A项意为“行程，旅行”，故A项正确。B项意为“种类”；C项意为“冒险”；D项意为“实践”。
7．答案与解析：D　根据该句中的“This continued more aggressively\”可知，后面的车继续更猛烈地向我们闪车灯；据此可推知，司机开始惊慌(panic)起来。
8．答案与解析：B　结合该句中的“My heart was pounding but\”可知，“我”内心虽然害怕，但当那个人走近我们时，“我”还是一副无畏的样子。B项意为“无畏的”，故B项正确。
9．答案与解析：A　当他走近“我”这边时，“我”摇下车窗。roll sth. down/roll down sth.为固定搭配，意为“摇开，旋开”，故A项正确。
10．答案与解析：D　根据上文的内容，并结合该句中的“a smile\”可推知，“我”摇下车窗，强装欢笑。D项意为“强装(欢笑)”，故选D。
11．答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，“我”看到他的手里提着“我”的旅行包。B项意为“抓住；拿着”，故B项正确。A项意为“解开，松开”；C项意为“寻找”；D项意为“倒空”。
12．答案与解析：D　根据语境并结合常识可知，旅行包里装着“我”的护照、一张返程票和现金以及给大学的信件。D项意为“包含；含有；容纳”，故D项正确。A项意为“保护”；B项意为“展示”；C项意为“收集”。
13．答案与解析：A　根据上文内容并结合语境可知，“我”将旅行包忘在机场的手推车里了。
14．答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，自从我们离开机场后，这位男子就驾车追赶我们，要将旅行包还给“我”。D项意为“归还”，故D项正确。A项意为“通过”；B项意为“递送；传送”；C项意为“提供”。
15．答案与解析：C　“我”大大地松了一口气，接过旅行包，向这位陌生人表示感谢(appreciation)。C项意为“放松”，符合语境。
16．答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。
17．答案与解析：C　根据语境以及该句中的“cheered me up”可知，这一善举立即(immediately)让“我”振奋起来，故C项正确。A项意为“经常；有规律地”，B项意为“正常地”，D项意为“偶然”，都与文意不符。
18．答案与解析：A　根据上文中的“stranger”，并结合语境可知，由于这位诚实的陌生人的帮助，“我”对于远离家乡来这里学习(study)的决定，由最初的自我怀疑到被希望和兴奋取代(replaced)了。
19．答案与解析：D　参见上题解析。
20．答案与解析：B　参见第18题解析。replace sth. with sth.为固定搭配，意为“用……替换……”，故B项正确。
Test 2
语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——太极
【文章大意】　本文主要讲述了作者和太极的故事。文章还介绍了人们练太极的原因，太极的益处以及作者从事太极教学的相关内容。太极在作者的生活中很重要，与学生分享太极是作者多年来一直持续的乐事。
1．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者第一次上太极课的时候，并没有想到太极会在自己的生活中变得如此重要，可结果是作者并不单单是去锻炼的。break out“爆发”；make out“看清，分清”；put out“扑灭”。
2．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“I delight”并结合语境可知，与各个年龄段、各行各业的学生分享太极是作者多年来一直持续的乐事。
3．答案与解析：D　考查词汇复现。根据下文中的“T'ai Chi's movements are graceful and well balanced”可知，有的人去上太极课是为了提高平衡能力。
4．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，有的人上太极课是为了解决现代生活中的压力、不断的需求和麻烦。
5．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据下文中的“they couldn't remember”可知，有的人可能是看过一个自己也不记得的电视广告而去上太极课。
6．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，广告上的内容激起了他们找一条不同的通往健康的道路的好奇心。arouse“引起，激起”。
7．答案与解析：B　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，太极专注于正确的姿势和呼吸控制。
8．答案与解析：D　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，练习太极可以促进身心的完全和谐。
9．答案与解析：C　考查常识和语境推断。根据常识和语境可知，太极是一项平静舒缓的运动，这与越用力越快越好的西方运动不同。
10．答案与解析：A　考查词汇复现。根据上文中的“__8__ the complete harmony of body and mind”可知，太极能增强身体和心理。
11．答案与解析：B　考查逻辑推断。空前一句讲到“所有这些都是太极巨大的益处”，而空后内容则讲到持续练习对作者的好处，前后形成了递进，故选B。
12．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，太极强调内外兼修，会为成长扫清道路。
13．答案与解析：C　考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“my students”“the marvelous teachers whom I've had the good fortune to work with”可知，作者是一位老师。
14．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，我喜欢观察我们每个人如何找到自己学习的要诀。
15．答案与解析：A　考查常识推断。根据常识可知，作为老师，作者会陪伴和支持学生的这个(学习)过程。
16．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境和选项可知，作者也受到了其他出色同事的激励。
17．答案与解析：D　考查词汇复现。根据下文中的“The first class is free to newcomers”可知，作者的所有的课都是在漂亮的旧教学楼上进行的。
18．答案与解析：A　考查逻辑推断。空前讲到了“第一节课对新来者免费”，空后讲的是他们可能会尝试这节不花钱的课，前后形成了因果关系，前因后果，故选A。
19．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，学生可以咨询问题或报名上课。
20．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上文介绍的太极的益处可知，作者认为对于男女老少来说，太极都是一种理想的运动。
三 　智解拉分题
一、巧取语篇层次题
语篇层次是最高的考点层次，也是学生拉分题，此类试题需要阅读全篇， 站在整个语篇的角度才能选出正确的答案。

技法1 利用首尾呼应关系解题

　[2021·浙江卷节选]
[2]I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day __42____. We had to 43.carry everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 44.long way but in 35 ℃ heat and with a heavy pack，my legs were on fire.
……
[6]53.Needless to say, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 54.survived. I think I am much 55.stronger for having taken part in the project.
42．A.tour B．project
C．campaign D．course
解题依据：完形填空文章或段落存在首尾呼应的关系，通过结合首段(或首句)和尾段(或尾句)信息，考生可以更好地解答部分题目。
分析：本题可以利用首尾呼应解题。根据文章末尾的“the project”可知，本篇文章讲述地是作者某次项目的经历，结合文末信息回到开头题目，可知作者被派去Coronado National Forest是为了一个8天的“项目”。
自主解答：________
名师点津：记叙类的完形填空文章往往通过讲述一个故事来传达中心思想或表达立意，作者多采用首尾呼应的文章写法，通过文章结尾处升华主题。因此，考生应学会首尾兼顾，结合文章开头、结尾信息解答题目。

技法2 利用文章发展脉络解题
　
[2021·全国卷乙]
[1]Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 41.nurse just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42.grades of gratitude (感谢).
[2]My thoughts were soon __43__. We had a woman patient who was 44.recovering from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 45.attempting to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was 46.eventually discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47.requiring the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 48.slowly,__and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
43．A.brushed aside
B．put to the test
C．brought under discussion
D．taken into account
解题依据：叙事型完形填空文章在行文结构上往往包括开端——故事发展——高潮——结局等不同情节，考生应梳理文章发展脉络，厘清行文结构。
分析：本题可以利用文章发展脉络解题。文章首段提出了一个想法：应有不同的词语表达不同程度的感谢，根据下文，作者叙述了一个患者表达感谢的故事。据此推断，作者在首段提出的想法很快经受了检验。be brushed aside“被漠视”；be put to the test“使受考验，使受检验”；be taken into account“被考虑进去”。
自主解答：________
名师点津：

解题策略
遵循发展脉络，合理思考推理，及时调整思路
上下求索，捕捉关键信息
回头看——关注是否与前文呼应，不留遗憾
关键点——需随机应变，不要一意孤行，更不可胡思乱想

二、智解拉分题
高考担负着区分考生、选拔人才的功能，因此每篇完形填空中总有2～3道较难题目成为考生取得优异成绩的“拦路虎”。导致这些题目失分的原因主要有以下几点：①解题信息比较隐蔽；②干扰项迷惑性较强；③情感态度较难把握；④惯性思维所致。针对这些题目，考生除了需要具备扎实的语言功底外，还应谨慎小心应对。本讲总结了解答完形填空的五大易错点，旨在让考生遇到此类题目时不要急于求成，要三思而后判。

易错点1 因缺乏全篇关联思维而错选
语篇层次题的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或几段甚至全篇，这就要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持这样一个原则——不急于解答，读完全文后综合考虑再做判定。
　
[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41.made little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 42.stores throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for __43__ help during our spring break, for which I had no 44.plans beyond listening to my favorite records.
43．A.generous B．financial
C．technical D．temporary
分析：本题是典型的语篇层次题，只看题目所在的句子我们是无法确定答案的，此类题目需要综合全篇来找线索。根据上文中的“for three whole days”和下文中的“during our spring break”可知，这里说的是春假期间，市中心的工厂需要临时找八个孩子来帮忙。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；financial“财务的，金融的”；technical“技术的，专业的”；temporary“临时的，暂时的”。
自主解答：________

易错点2 因不能正确区分形近(义近)词而错选
完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词或义近词让考生辨析，因为词形相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生对这些词掌握得不好或不着眼于语篇的意义便很容易选错。

　[2021·全国甲卷]“I have 55.matured and I admit responsibility for my 56.actions，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, 57 ,to apologize for the damage I had 58.indirectly caused and to ask you to 59.reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
57．A.hands in pockets B．nose in the air
C．hat in hand D．feet on the ground
分析：四个备选项在形式上非常相似，基本都是名词＋介词＋名词的词组，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据空后“... apologize for the damage”可推测作者的态度是谦卑的，所以选hat in hand 恭敬地(乞求或请求)。其他选项不符合语境：hands in pockets双手插兜；nose in the air目中无人；feet on the ground脚踏实地。考生如果完全掌握了这四个词组，很容易选出正确选项。
自主解答：________

易错点3 因词汇理解障碍而错选
在完形填空题的设题上，命题者往往还将一些考生平常容易忽视的词汇设置成选项，从而造成考生错选。对于这些词汇，考生在平时必须高度重视，背熟记熟。
　
[2021·天津卷]“It's a really great 33.experience for kids，” said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. “Pruitt is certainly providing a 34.service,__but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the __35__ he can make on people.”
35．A.compromise B．impression
C．impact D．progress
分析：本题考查语境推断。根据全文内容可知，此处表示Pruitt的行为对人们产生的“影响”。本题的选择难度在于A选项“compromise 妥协，和解”对于同学们而言是一个相对陌生的词汇，一些考生可能因为词汇积累不够，又不能有效地利用上下文中的提示而失分。
自主解答：________

易错点4 因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选
在最近几年的高考完形填空中，对于一词多义或熟词生义的考查屡见不鲜，这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞，造成了不应有的失分。下面我们选取具有代表性的试题加以分析，以帮助考生熟悉其命题特点，从而跳出命题人设置的词汇“陷阱”。
　
[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our __48__ in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.49.Remove bunny from the belt.
48．A.joys B．ideas
C．roles D．choices
分析：根据下文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing(糖霜)ears...from the belt”可知，这里介绍的是作者他们在工厂的具体工作或职责。role除了表示“角色”外，还可以表示“职责，作用”。
自主解答：________

[2018·浙江高考]One day I 46.met a former classmate of mine who was 47.making a lot of money running a sideline (副业).Since his regular job was 48.boring,__I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would __49__ have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50.college. He said that if he 51.quit the job, he would lose his 52.drive to work and succeed.
49．A.luckily B．hardly
C．hopefully D．simply
分析：根据句意可知，他说如果没有那份工作，他确实会有很多时间。simply“确实，简直”。此处simply这个词属于熟词生义，我们比较熟悉它的义项是“简单地，简朴地”。由此可知正确选项。
自主解答：________

易错点5 因惯性思维而错选
在英语学习中，由于种种原因，如考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能令考生产生一些思维定式，即不善于思考，考虑问题不全面，导致误解一些题目，从而抑制思维能力的发展。完形填空解题中因惯性思维而失分常有以下两种情况：
(1)学习单词时受到的思维定式影响
有些考生学习英语单词过于简单化，只记忆中文意思，而不深刻理解实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。例如：表示“成功做某事”，不可以用“succeed to do sth.”来表达。
(2)学习词组或习惯用语时受到的思维定式影响
例如：学习了wait for这个词组以后，有的考生在做题过程中只要碰到wait，后面要接介词时就毫不犹豫地选择for。但在“He stopped his car to wait at the red light.”中就不用for。
　
[2021·天津卷]For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was __19__ his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20.lack of bikes was COVID-19 related，and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21.transportation to get to work?
19．A.ride B．lock
C．repair D．replace
分析：考查语境推断。Pruitt作为热衷骑自行车的人，自行车被偷，他首先要做的应该是换一辆自行车，“replace”符合语境。但考生受思维定式影响，可能看到后文的“bike”就下意识地以为选择ride a bike这个固定搭配，从而误选A项。
自主解答：________



[2021·南昌市一模]The roles we often expect our fathers to play, protector or provider, can make them seem unapproachable. That's how it was with my dad. He was a __1__ person, who was never much of a talker. I didn't want to __2__ his hard shell and had gotten used to it. That brought both him and me the sense of __3__.
But when my life took a hit a year ago, things had to __4__. I needed to know how he had found his way, because I felt like I had __5__ mine. In a moment of desperation, it occurred to me that sending an email might be the __6__. I could speak at a comfortable distance and give him room to __7__.
So I wrote to him, telling him about my regrets and fears, and asking him to __8__ the similar experience he had undergone.
Two weeks later, an email __9__ in my inbox. Dad had carefully __10__ my message, reached back into his memory and made a __11__. I closed the email and started to cry. I cried because I wished I had __12__ my heart earlier but was grateful it wasn't too late. I cried because I hadn't been able to ask him anything about his life in all this time; __13__， I had focused on not sharing anything about myself with him. I cried because at 33, in the middle of my own struggles, his letter instantly put me __14__. And I cried because in the end, it was so __15__： I just had to hit “send”．
We've since had many __16__. Better yet, he offers stories __17__ without me asking. My problems haven't been magically __18__， but getting to know my dad better and learning to __19__ him more has made the tough stuff more manageable and life sweeter.
It's hard to talk to dads sometimes. I'm glad that I have found a __20__ to talk to mine.

1．A.private B．reasonable
C．confident D．sensitive
2．A.question B．clarify
C．break D．withdraw
3．A.responsibility B．security
C．shame D．guilt
4．A.relieve B．confirm
C．accomplish D．change
5．A.ignored B．lost
C．sought D．discovered
6．A.key B．target
C．routine D．stage
7．A.assume B．avoid
C．adjust D．admit
8．A.obtain B．deliver
C．broaden D．share
9．A.remained B．displayed
C．appeared D．approached
10．A.checked B．considered
C．conveyed D．consulted
11．A.judgment B．promise
C．comment D．response
12．A.reflected on B．appealed to
C．opened up D．settled down
13．A.meanwhile B．instead
C．therefore D．however
14．A.at ease B．in peace
C．under pressure D．in a dilemma
15．A.obvious B．appropriate
C．important D．simple
16．A.debates B．exchanges
C．secrets D．memories
17．A.occasionally B．instantly
C．eventually D．rarely
18．A.explored B．concluded
C．solved D．recognized
19．A.love B．convince
C．forgive D．comfort
20．A.connection B．reason
C．benefit D．way






















三 智解完形拉分题

详解答案
一、
技法1　答案：B
技法2　答案：B
二、
易错点1　答案：D
易错点2　答案：C
易错点3　答案：C
易错点4　答案：1.C　2.D
易错点5　答案：D

语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——家庭生活——父亲的另一面
【文章大意】　我们经常认为父亲的角色是保护者，或是养家糊口的人，从而有了这样一种印象：父素常常是让人难以接近的。作者也曾认为自己的父亲难以接近，但后来通过与父亲的邮件沟通，作者发现了父亲不同的一面。
1．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据下文的“who was never much of a talker”可知，父亲是一个不爱交流的人。private“不爱交流思想感情的，内向的”，符合语境。
2．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。上文提到父亲不爱交流，似乎难以接近，此处“坚硬的外壳”是比喻的用法。根据语境可知，作者不想打破父亲“坚硬的外壳”。break“打破”，符合语境。
3．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。结合上文可知，父亲有“坚硬的外壳”保护着他自己，而作者也早已经习惯于此，这给他和作者都带来了一种安全感。sense of security“安全感”，符合语境。
4．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，一年前作者的生活受到严重影响，事情发生了变化。change“变化，改变”，符合语境。
5．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上文的“how he had found his way”可知，作者想知道父亲曾是如何走出困境的，因为作者感觉自己已经迷失了(lost)方向。此处“lost mine”与上文的“found his way”相对应。
6．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据下文可知，作者认为发一封电子邮件与父亲沟通可能是关键(key)。
7．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。通过发电子邮件这一方式，作者能够给父亲适应的空间。adjust“适应，习惯”，符合语境。
8．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。结合上下文可知，作者给父亲写了封电子邮件，倾诉自己的感受，且希望父亲能够分享他遭遇过的类似的经历。share“分享”，符合语境。
9．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，两周后，作者收到了父亲发来的电子邮件。appear“出现”，符合语境。
10．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上下文可知，父亲认真思考了作者的邮件信息。consider“细想，考虑”，符合语境。
11．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。结合上下文可知，父亲给作者回了电子邮件。response“回答，答复”，符合语境。
12．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。此处表示“我希望我能更早些敞开心扉”，open up“打开，直抒胸臆，不再拘谨”，符合语境。reflect on“反思”；appeal to“对……有吸引力”；settle down“安顿下来”。
13．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据上文可知，作者与父亲交流很少，没有问询过父亲的任何事情，相反，作者的注意力都集中在不与父亲分享自己的事情上。 instead“相反，而”，符合语境。
14．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。父亲的邮件让作者放松下来。put sb. at ease “使某人放松(松弛下来)”，符合语境。under pressure“承受着压力”；in a dilemma“处于进退两难的境地”。
15．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。根据上下文可知，最后，事情是如此简单，作者只需点击“发送”就可以了。simple“简单的”，符合语境。
16．答案与解析：B　考查语境推断。根据下文可知，自此以后，作者与父亲有了更多的交流。exchange“交流，交换”，符合语境。
17．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。有时作者没有询问，父亲也会主动分享他曾经的故事。occasionally“偶然，有时候”，符合语境。
18．答案与解析：C　考查语境推断。虽然作者的问题并没有奇迹般地被解决，但作者更好地了解了父亲。solve“解决”，符合语境。
19．答案与解析：A　考查语境推断。根据语境可知，作者学会了更爱(love)父亲。
20．答案与解析：D　考查语境推断。有时候与父亲交流确实比较困难。作者很高兴找到了一种与父亲沟通的方式。way“方式，途径”，符合语境。