专题14 太空探索 -备战2022高考英语单元话题”语法填空 阅读理解 读后续写“专项突破（人教版2019）

这是一份专题14 太空探索 -备战2022高考英语单元话题”语法填空 阅读理解 读后续写“专项突破（人教版2019），共19页。试卷主要包含了 t the surface.等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题14 太空探索



Part 1 语法填空
（一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Crew members of the Shenzhou XII mission returned to Earth on Friday afternoon, 1． (conclude) a historic journey in China's Tiangong space station.
Nie Haisheng and his crew spent 92 days in space since the Shenzhou XII spacecraft 2．(launch) at the Jiuquan center on June 17. They were the first inhabitants of China's permanent space station 3．(name) Tiangong, or Heavenly Palace.
During4．(them) stay in Tiangong, the astronauts carried out two extravehicular activities, or spacewalks, using a large robotic arm and other 5．(equip) to install and adjust devices outside the station. They also performed a number of scientific experiments and technological tests, and had video calls with President Xi Jinping and hundreds of researchers, teachers and students in Hong Kong.
It is a 6． (fruit) trip by any measure, 7． proves China's ability to provide a long-term living environment in space. Their work also prepares China for the next steps in its construction. “So far China's manned space programs 8． (contribute) greatly to mankind's peaceful development of outer space 9． the country will continue broadening and deepening its cooperation and communication with the international community to build the Chinese space station 10． a shared laboratory to bring benefits to all people on the globe.” Zhao Lijian, a spokesman for the Foreign Ministry, told reporters.
（二）
China’s Zhurong Mars rover（探测器）touched down on the red planet early Saturday China has become the third nation in human history to land safely on the surface of Mars- 11． its first attempt.
Like NASA’s Perseverance rover before it, Zhurong 12． （rely）on a heat shield（抗热涂层）and a protective aeroshell 13． （protect）it from the extreme temperatures generated after hitting the atmosphere at nearly three miles per second. Once through the plasma heating zone, a large parachute（降落伞）opened as planned, quickly 14． （slow）the craft to sub-sonic speeds.
15． （final）, about seven minutes after hitting the atmosphere, the lander was programmed to fall free of its parachute, firing small rocket 16． （engine）for a powered descent（下降）to the surface.
The last 10 months have been for Martian 17． （explore）. Three spacecraft, including Tianwen-1, were launched to Mars in July 2020. The United Arab Emirates’ Hope orbiter, 18． will survey Mars’ atmosphere from space, put 19． （it）into orbit in February. Not long after, NASA’s now-famous rolling rover, Perseverance, and its history-making flying companion Ingenuity, reached 20． surface of Mars, landing in an ancient lakebed that may once have been home to Martian life.

（三）
China sent up its first Mars probe(探测器) Tianwen 1 on Thursday. It is expected 21． (reach) the planet in about seven months. The mission to Mars is much 22． (hard) compared to that to the moon.
China’s Mars mission, 23． (design) for the mapping of key zones of the planet’s surface, indicates the country’s space science and technology 24． (progress) rapidly in the past years. It expresses the determination and perseverance(毅力) of the Chinese nation in looking for 25． (science) truth.
Tianwen 1 has immediately grabbed people’s attention after its launch, and 26． is reported that there’re countless discussions on topics related to spaceflight and the exploration of outer space. People’s 27． (curious) about the unknown and thirst for knowledge are 28． (obvious) aroused whenever the country makes breakthroughs in space exploration. And astronauts, scientists and engineers are becoming role models 29． more and more young people. The “Mars fever” that has been aroused shows people’s desire to know more about space, which requires more innovations(创新) to discover more about the universe 30． we live.


Part 2 阅读理解
（一）
The moon, which has experienced a distinct and complex geological history, presents a striking appearance. The moon may be divided into two major terrains: the Maria (dark lowlands) and the Terrace (bright highlands). The contrast in the reflectivity (he capability of reflecting light) of these two terrains suggested to many early observers that the two terrains might have different compositions, and this assumption was confirmed by missions to the moon such as Surveyor and Apollo.
One of the most obvious differences between the terrains is the smoothness of the Maria in contrast to the roughness of the highlands. This roughness is mostly caused by the abundance of craters: the highlands are completely covered by large craters, while the craters of the Maria tend to be much smaller. It is now known that the vast majority of the moon’s craters were formed by the impact of solid bodies with the lunar surface.
Most of the near side of the moon was thoroughly mapped and studied from telescopic pictures years before the age of space exploration. Earth-based telescopes can recognize objects as small as a few hundred meters on the lunar surface. Close observation of craters, combined with the way the moon diffusely reflects sunlight, led to the understanding that the moon is covered by a surface layer with strange, winding marks. Although various land forms were discovered, the majority of astronomers’ attention was fixed on craters and their origins.
Astronomers have known for a fairly long time that the shape of craters changes as they increase in size. Small craters have relatively simple shapes. They have round-edged tops that are raised above the surrounding terrain, smooth, bowl-shaped insides, and depths that are about one-sixth their diameters. The complexity of shape increases for larger craters.
31．What does the text mainly discuss?
A．The aim of the Surveyor and Apollo space missions.
B．Characteristics of the major terrains of the moon.
C．The origin of the moon’s craters.
D．Techniques used to discover the moon’s land forms.
32．Why are the Surveyor and Apollo missions mentioned?
A．To confirm earlier theories about the moon’s surface.
B．To reveal that previous ideas about the moon’s craters were unreasonable.
C．To provide detailed information about the moon’s surface.
D．To identify how the moon’s craters were made.
33．The author mentions “strange, winding marks” in paragraph 3 as an example of ________.
A．an aspect of the lunar surface discovered through lunar missions
B．a characteristic of large craters
C．a discovery made through the use of earth-based telescopes
D．features that astronomers observed to be common to the earth and the moon
34．The last paragraph probably continues with ________.
A．some difference in the ways small and large craters were formed
B．the different shapes small craters can have
C．the reasons craters are difficult to study
D．the description of some features of large craters
（二）
From the first use of the rocket to carry satellites into space to the setting up of space stations, human beings have been putting great effort into space research. And so far, we have achieved many successes. But there are still numerous tasks in front of us and we should not stop trying to progress.
The international space station（ISS）is an important step we should take in space exploration. It is not only helpful but also essential. It provides a proper space environment for many experiments that we have wanted to do for a long time. It is also a base for the observations of the earth and the universe. It could also be an important base for later travel to the moon and Mars. In a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space station.
As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one. The USA seems to be the only country that has the ability to build a space station alone, and it has tried to do so, but not very successful. So it aggregated many other countries to work on it together. Though it is still extremely expensive, it is much cheaper than doing it alone. It is really a job that needs everyone's effort and will benefit everyone.
Led by the U.S. and Russia, the ISS is a joint project between six space agencies involving 16 countries. Called the greatest achievement in human cooperation, the ISS has come to the end of a ten-year's hard work in construction. China has applied for participation in（taking part in）the project many times. Unfortunately all the applications were rejected, which drove China onto the path of independent development. As the Long March Ⅱ-F/T1 carrier rocket blasted off（left the ground）and successfully carried the Tiangong-1 into space on September 29, 2011, China took a big step toward its Space Station Era.
Some West media suggested that the successful launch of Tiangong-1 would disturb the balance of global space power, raising concerns about “China threat”. China's space project is not designed for military purpose but for developing space technology to explore space resources and make use of them for mankind's well-being.
35．What can we know from Para. 2?
A．People have traveled to Mars from the international space station.
B．Many experiments have been done in the international space station.
C．The necessity of building the international space station is not realized now.
D．The international space station is necessary for people to explore space more.
36．Which can replace the underlined word “aggregated” in Paragraph 3?
A．Scolded. B．Allowed.
C．United. D．Forbade.
37．Which of the following is NOT a reason for countries' cooperation in building the international space station?
A．That it requires a lot of money.
B．That it needs everyone's effort.
C．That it is too far away from the earth.
D．That it will benefit every participating country.
38．Why does China want to build its space station?
A．To break the balance of global space power.
B．To show that China can build a space station alone.
C．To raise international concerns about “China threat”.
D．To make use of space peacefully for mankind's well-being.
（三）
I am a reporter and I feel privileged to have been a witness to history being made. Every time I watch taikonauts salute as the rocket carries them thunders away and flies toward the skies, my heart beats faster and my eyes begin to moisten.
When Yang Liwei, a former fighter jet pilot, displayed the flags of China and the United Nations together during the Shenzhou V mission in 2003 and wrote, “To make use of outer space peacefully and for the benefit of all humankind, the Chinese came to outer space.” He was remembered in the history of China as the person who fulfilled the nation’s l,000-year-old dream of “flying to the heavens”.
In the years that followed, I saw Zhai Zhigang floating out of his spacecraft and waving a Chinese flag among the stars; Jing Haipeng entering China’s first space lab; Wang Yaping demonstrating the beauty of physics to 60 million students far outside the Earth’s atmosphere; and Nie Haisheng creating the China’s record for the longest stay in space.
However, few people realize how taikonauts prepare themselves to be qualified. They need to study advanced mathematics, aerodynamics, astronomy, space science and technology, English, environmental science, medicine, psychology and many other theoretical courses, all in one year, a superhuman task equal to shortening a normal college student’s four-year study plan to 12 months.
Apart from theoretical study, taikonauts must undergo a large amount of physical training. In a pressure chamber, they go through a simulated ascent from ground level to an altitude of 5,000 meters in five minutes, with all the dizziness, sickness and even shock. While training for spacewalks in a weightless environment, they wear a suit weighing over 160 kilograms and stay underwater for four hours at a time, losing two kilograms or more in each period.
I have once interviewed Huang Weifen, who is in charge of taikonauts training. ''Without exceptional perseverance, they don't make it," she said. “Our space knows no boundary, and our exploration will never end.”
39．Which of the following is correct about Yang Liwei according to the passage?
A．He was remembered as the greatest taikonaut in China.
B．He thought space exploration could make the world peaceful.
C．He was the first taikonaut to realize China’s dream of flying to space.
D．He once floated out of spacecraft and displayed the flags of China and the UN.
40．What preparations do taikonauts make to be qualified?
A．12-month course study.
B．5000-meter climbing task.
C．Two-kilogram weight loss.
D．Four-hour underwater walk.
41．Why does the author write this passage?
A．To comment on taikonauts’ achievements.
B．To introduce some extraordinary taikonauts.
C．To present the huge development of China’s space exploration.
D．To praise taikonauts’ commitment to China’s space exploration.


Part 3 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Collin was lying on his back, tossing a baseball toward the ceiling when his bedroom door opened. His sister, Carina, barged in and perched on the edge of his bed. Collin could tell she’d been crying.
“What’s wrong?” Collin asked. “Homesick again?”
Carina nodded.
“Yeah, me too.” Collin sighed.
Their family had move to the Moon Colony 4 nearly four months ago. It still didn’t feel like home. The dwellings were cozy, but outside everything was gray, rocky and lifeless.
“I miss my friends,” Carina said gloomily. “And green grass and swimming, and everything. I even miss the sound of rain on the roof.”
The colony was housed inside a huge transparent dome. There was no weather there at all—no rain or snow or even wind.
“Worst of all,” Carina continued, “my birthday is in two days, and I don’t think Mom and Dad are planning anything special. They’re too busy.”
“She’s probably right.” thought Collin. Life on the Moon was hectic for scientists like their parents. He doubted they had time to plan a party. And how could they anyway? Things such as balloons and birthday candles didn’t exist on the colony. We don’t even have the rations to make a cake.
“Don’t worry.” Collin put an arm around Carina’s shoulder.
Collin wandered toward the agricultural center, where his mom worked. Some days, he helped her take measurements or harvest crops. Today he found her taking notes in a patch of tall tube-like plants.
“What are those?” he asked.
“Bamboo plants,” said Mom. “They are strong and grow fast. They make good building material.”
He spotted a one-foot section of bamboo that had broken from a larger stalk. “May I have that piece?”
“Sure.” Mom handed it to him and made a note on her chart.
The next day, as his teacher supervised, Collin drilled tiny holes into the piece of bamboo and inserted small nails into each hole. He poured a handful of Moon pebbles inside the tube and taped heavy-duty fabric scraps over the open ends.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Collin held the bamboo piece carefully as he hurried home.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“What is it?” Carina asked, looking at it curiously.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案
Part 1 语法填空
（一）
1．concluding
2．was launched
3．named
4．their
5．equipment
6．fruitful
7．which
8．have contributed
9．and
10．into
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述中国神舟12号载人航天飞船在太空中遨游92天后成功着陆的事情。
1．
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国神舟12号宇宙飞船在周五下午带着飞船上的全体航天员安全回到地球，给在中国天宫空间站的历史性的旅行画上了圆满的句号。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里应该填表示主谓关系的非谓语动词形式，表示自然而然的结果。故填concluding。
2．
考查谓语动词时态和被动语态。句意：自从6月17日神舟12号飞船被发射升空开始，聂海胜和他的航天员们在太空中度过了整整92天。根据连词“since”可知，此空需要谓语动词；根据这句话的时间状语“on June 17”可知，要用一般过去式；根据句子意思可知，宇宙飞船是被发射；根据主语“the Shenzhou XII spacecraft”可知，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填was launched。
3．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是被叫做“天宫”的中国永久空间站的第一批居民。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里应该填表示动宾关系的非谓语动词形式。故填named。
4．
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在他们在天宫空间站呆着的期间，这些航天员们实施了2次出舱活动，即太空行走，借助一根很长的机械臂和其它的设备进行舱外的设备安装和调整。根据句子结构可知，此空后面是名词“stay”，所以，前面要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填their。
5．
考查名词。句意见第4题详解。根据句子结构可知，此空前面是形容词“other”，所以，空格上要填名词。equipment不可数，故填equipment。
6．
考查形容词。句意：无论按照哪种标准来说，这都是一次成果丰硕的旅行，它证明了中国可以提供一个长期的太空居住环境的能力。根据句子结构可知，此空后面是名词“trip”，所以，前面要用形容词修饰名词，“硕果累累的”为fruitful。故填fruitful。
7．
考查非限制性定语从句。句意见第6题详解。根据句子结构可知，这句话是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中做主语，所以关系代词要用which。故填which。
8．
考查现在完成时。句意：他们的工作也为祖国下一阶段的建设做好了准备。中国外交部发言人赵立坚在采访中说：“到目前为止，中国的载人航天项目为人类在外太空的和平发展做出了巨大的贡献，并且，我们国家也将继续为开拓和加深这方面和世界团体的合作和交流，把中国空间站建立成为一个共享的实验基地，造福全人类。”根据这句话开头的时间状语“So far”到目前为止的意思可知，这句话的谓语动词要用现在完成时；同时，主语China's manned space programs的中心词是复数名词programs，所以谓语动词要用复数形式。故填have contributed。
9．
考查并列连词。句意见第8题详解。根据句意和上下文意思可知，这里需要一个并列连词连接上下文的结构，故填and。
10．
考查介词。句意见第8题详解。根据“build the Chinese space station ____10____a shared laboratory”的结构和意思可知，这里考查短语“build…into…”把……建成为……。故填into。
（二）
11．at
12．relied
13．to protect
14．slowing
15．Finally
16．engines
17．exploration
18．which
19．itself
20．the
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了中国“祝融”号火星车登陆火星表面的情况。
11．
考查介词。句意：中国“祝融”号火星探测器星期六早些时候着陆到火星表面，成为人类历史上第三个第一次尝试就成功的国家。根据固定短语“at one's first attempt（第一次尝试）”可知空格处填介词at。
12．
考查动词。句意：像以前美国航空航天局的毅力号火星车一样，祝融依靠抗热涂层和一种保护性的减速伞去保护它免受极端高温，这种高温是由于它每秒几乎三英里的速度在大气层中穿越引起的。这里陈述当时的事实，要用一般过去时。故填relied。
13．
考查非谓语动词。句意：像以前美国航空航天局的毅力号火星车一样，祝融依靠抗热涂层和一种保护性的减速伞去保护它免受极端高温，这种高温是由于它每秒几乎三英里的速度在大气层中穿越引起的。空格处表目的，要用不定式，作目的状语。故填to protect。
14．
考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦穿过等离子体加热区，一个巨大的降落伞就按计划打开，很快降低飞行器到亚声速的速度。空格处是状语，由于slow与parachute是主动关系，要用现在分词。故填slowing。
15．
考查副词。句意：最后，碰到大气层后大约七分钟，着陆器就按程序脱离降落伞自由降落，发射小火箭发动机提供下降到火星表面的动力。空格处是状语，要用副词。故填Finally。
16．
考查名词。句意：最后，碰到大气层后大约七分钟，着陆器就按程序脱离降落伞自由降落，发射小火箭发动机提供下降到火星表面的动力。小火箭发动机不止一个，因此要用名词复数。故填engines。
17．
考查名词。句意：最后十个月是对火星探险。空格处做介词for的宾语，要用名词。故填exploration。
18．
考查关系代词。句意：阿拉伯联合酋长国希望号人造卫星将于今年2月份进入轨道，该卫星将从太空探测火星大气层。空格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为orbiter，在定语从句中作主语，因此填which。
19．
考查反身代词。句意同上。空格处是宾语，指的就是主语The United Arab Emirates’ Hope orbiter本身，因此要用反身代词，故填itself。
20．
考查冠词。句意：不久以后，美国航空航天局的著名滚动火星车，“毅力”号和它创造历史的同伴“智慧”号到达了火星表面，着陆在一个古老的湖床上，这可能曾经是火星人的家园。此处特指火星表面，因此要填定冠词the。
（三）
21．to reach
22．harder
23．designed
24．has progressed
25．scientific
26．it
27．curiosity
28．obviously
29．for
30．where
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。中国于周二发射了第一个火星探测器——天问一号，文章介绍了其任务和意义。
21．
考查非谓语动词。句意：天问一号预期将在约7个月后抵达火星。本句使用了短语 expect sb./sth. to do“预计某人/某物做……”的被动结构，应使用不定式。故填to reach。
22．
考查形容词比较级。句意：去火星的任务比起去月球要难很多。根据语境和空后的 compared to“和······相比”可知，此处要用形容词的比较级 harder。故填harder。
23．
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的火星任务，旨在掌握火星表面关键地区的地图信息，表明中国的空间科技在过去这些年发展迅速。分析句子结构可知，mission 后是非限制性定语，design 与mission 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填designed。
24．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国的火星任务，旨在掌握火星表面关键地区的地图信息，表明中国的空间科技在过去这些年发展迅速。根据句中的时间状语 in the past years 可知，indicates 后的宾语从句要用现在完成时。宾语从句的主语是 the country’s space science and technology，应视为第三人称单数，故填 has progressed。注意：此处的 progress 是动词，意为“进步，发展”。故填has progressed。
25．
考查形容词。句意：这表现了中华民族探寻科学真相的决心和毅力。本空作定语修饰名词truth，应使用science的形容词形式scientific“科学的”。故填scientific。
26．
考查形式主语。句意：天问一号发射后立即引起了人们的关注，据报道在关于太空飞行和探索外太空的话题下人们议论纷纷。根据语境可知，and后的句子是“it is/was reported＋that从句”句型，意为“据报道……”，其中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。故填it。
27．
考查名词。句意：每当国家在太空探索上实现突破时，人们对未知的好奇和求知欲都明显会被激发出来。本空与后面的thirst并列作主语，应使用名词curiosity表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
28．
考查副词。句意：每当国家在太空探索上实现突破时，人们对未知的好奇和求知欲都明显会被激发出来。本空所填词修饰谓语动词，应该用副词obviously“显然，明显地”。故填obviously。
29．
考查介词。句意：而宇航员、科学家和工程师们正成为越来越多年轻人的榜样。此处model 应与介词for搭配，表示“对于......”。故填for。
30．
考查定语从句。句意：这场“火星热”表明人们渴望了解太空，这就需要更多的创新从而发现更多我们所在的这个宇宙的信息。分析句子结构可知，空白前句本身是定语从句，关系代词为the universe，后句中live是不及物动词，考虑定语从句中缺少地点状语，应使用关系副词where。故填where。
Part 2 阅读理解
（一）
31．B
32．A
33．C
34．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章指出月球经历了独特而复杂的地质历史，呈现出惊人的外观，详细介绍了月球地表特征以及区别。
31．
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The moon, which has experienced a distinct and complex geological history, presents a striking appearance. The moon may be divided into two major terrains: the Maria (dark lowlands) and the Terrace (bright highlands).( 月球经历了独特而复杂的地质历史，呈现出惊人的外观。 月亮可以分为两个主要的地形：Maria（黑暗的低地）和梯田（明亮的高地）)”结合文章还详细介绍了月球地表特征以及区别可知，本篇文章主题是介绍月球地表特征。故选B。
32．
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The contrast in the reflectivity (he capability of reflecting light) of these two terrains suggested to many early observers that the two terrains might have different compositions, and this assumption was confirmed by missions to the moon such as Surveyor and Apollo.(这两种地形的反射率的对比向许多早期的观察者表明，这两种地形可能有不同的组成，这一假设被诸如“勘测者”和“阿波罗”等月球任务所证实)”可推知，提到“勘测者”和“阿波罗”是为了证实先前关于月球表面的理论。故选 A 。
33．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Earth-based telescopes can recognize objects as small as a few hundred meters on the lunar surface. Close observation of craters, combined with the way the moon diffusely reflects sunlight, led to the understanding that the moon is covered by a surface layer with strange, winding marks. (地球上的望远镜可以识别月球表面小到几百米的物体。对陨石坑的近距离观察，结合月球漫反射阳光的方式，使人们认识到月球被覆盖着一层奇怪的、曲折的痕迹。)”可推知，作者在第3段中提到“奇怪的、曲折的标记”是作为一个使用地面望远镜进行发现的例子。故选C。
34．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Astronomers have known for a fairly long time that the shape of craters changes as they increase in size. Small craters have relatively simple shapes. They have round-edged tops that are raised above the surrounding terrain, smooth, bowl-shaped insides, and depths that are about one-sixth their diameters. The complexity of shape increases for larger craters.(天文学家很早就知道陨石坑的形状会随着体积的增大而改变。 小陨石坑的形状相对简单。它们的顶部是圆形的，高出周围的地形，内部光滑，碗状，深度约为直径的六分之一。陨石坑越大，其形状的复杂性就越大)”可推知，最后一段可能会继续描述一些大型陨石坑的特征。故选D。
（二）
35．D
36．C
37．C
38．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是国际空间站对于人类探索太空起着至关重要的作用，由于耗资巨大，财大气粗的美国单独建造起来也并不那么成功。只有各国合作起来，才能解决资金问题，从而使国际空间站造福全人类。
35．
细节理解题。根据第二段的“In a word, if we want to explore space more, the first thing we should do is to set up a space station（总之，如果我们想更多地探索太空，我们应该做的第一件事是建立一个空间站）”可知，国际空间站对于人们探索太空是必要的，故选D。
36．
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one（由于空间站的费用很高，单靠一个国家很难建立一个空间站）”可知，发展国际空间站耗资巨大，因此美国联合其他一些国家共同来建设该工程，即该词的意思相当于United，故选C。
37．
细节理解题。根据第三段的“As the space station costs a lot of money, it is hard for one country alone to establish one（由于空间站的费用很高，单靠一个国家很难建立一个空间站）”和“It is really a job that needs everyone's effort and will benefit everyone（这真的是一份需要每个人努力，每个人都会受益的工作）”可知，A，B，D三项都是各国合作建设国际空间站的原因，而C项不是，故选C。
38．
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“China's space project is not designed for military purpose but for developing space technology to explore space resources and make use of them for mankind's well-being（中国的航天事业不是为了军事目的，而是为了发展空间技术，探索和利用空间资源，造福人类 ）”可知，中国希望建造自己的空间站，和平利用太空，造福人类，故选D。
（三）
39．C
40．A
41．D
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章作者以一名记者的角色，讲述了中国航天的发展简史，一名又一名宇航员成功登上了太空，取得了新的突破；接着作者讲述了航天员为取得成功，幕后所付出的艰辛，他们要学习大量的理论课程，进行近乎极限的体能训练，“没有非凡的毅力，他们不会成功。”
39．
细节理解题。根据原文第二段He was remembered in the history of China as the person who fulfilled the nation’s l,000-year-old dream of “flying to the heavens”（他在中国历史上被铭记，因为他实现了中华民族1000多年的“飞天梦”）可知，他是第一个实现中国飞天梦的宇航员（He was the first taikonaut to realize China’s dream of flying to space.），C选项符合原文，故选C。
40．
细节理解题。文章第四段开始讲述宇航员的幕后故事，描述他们所做的准备，根据“However, few people realize how taikonauts prepare themselves to be qualified. They need to study…all in one year, a superhuman task equal to shortening a normal college student’s four-year study plan to 12 months.”（然而，很少有人意识到宇航员为了能够胜任，是如何准备的。他们需要在一年内完成……等许多理论课程的学习，这是一项超人般的任务，相当于把一个普通大学生四年的学习计划缩短到12个月），抓住关键词qualified（胜任的，有资格的），all in one year（一年之内）和12 months（12个月）可知，要获得宇航员的资格，能够胜任，就必须参加12个月的课程学习（12-month course study），以上关键词与题目呼应，综上本题选A。
41．
推理判断题。本题要求探寻作者的写作目的，纵观全文，作者先从中国航天的飞速发展，一位又一位宇航员登上太空，取得突破的卓越成就说起，接着话锋一转，第四段首句进行了过渡，“However, few people realize how taikonauts prepare themselves to be qualified.”（然而，很少有人了解到宇航员为了能够胜任，是如何准备的），接着介绍了超人般的理论课程学习和近乎极限的体能训练这两个方面，结尾处更是直接引用了“Without exceptional perseverance, they don't make it”（没有非凡的毅力，他们不会成功）作结，综合以上分析，文章的落脚点在宇航员身上，目的是讴歌赞扬中国宇航员对中国航天探索的巨大贡献（To praise taikonauts’ commitment to China’s space exploration.），综上本题选D。
Part 3 读后续写
Para 1:
Collin held the bamboo piece carefully as he hurried home. He hid it behind his back and slid open the front door. To his surprise, Mom was carrying something that looked like a cake. He looked closer and realized Mom had topped a flat brown oatcake with dried apples and cinnamon sugar. A real treat, on the Moon. After the family had sung to Carina and Dad had cut the cake, Collin said, “And now I have a present for you.” He handed his sister the bamboo rod, “Happy birthday!”
Para 2:
“What is it?” Carina asked, looking at it curiously. “A rain stick,” said Collin. “Whenever you turn it over, the Moon pebbles fall around the nails and it sounds like rain.” Carina turned the stick, and the room was filled with a sound like rain drumming on a roof. “It’s Moon rain!” she said. “It makes me feel like I’m home.” She smiled at Collin and turned the rain stick over again.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了大约四个月前，Collin一家搬到了月球殖民地4号，外面的一切都是灰色的，布满岩石，毫无生气。Collin感到想家，他的姐姐Carina也想念朋友们，甚至开始想念雨点打在屋顶上的声音，而他们的父母都太忙了。后来Collin用竹子做了一根“雨棍”当作Carina的生日礼物，这让Carina有了回家的感觉。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Collin小心地拿着竹片，急忙回家。”可知，第一段可描写Collin回家后，一家人给Carina过生日的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“‘这是什么？’Carina好奇地看着它问道。”可知，第二段可描写Collin给Carina“雨棍”作为生日礼物，以及Carina对此的反应。
2.续写线索：Collin拿着竹片回家——家人给Carina过生日——Collin送礼物——Carina使用雨棍——Carina有了回家的感觉
3.词汇激活
行为类
递给某人某物：hand sb. sth./ pass sth. to sb.
回家：hurry home/ return home
充满：be filled with/ be full of
情绪类
令某人惊讶的是：to one's surprise/ to one's astonishment
小心：carefully / with care
【点睛】
[高分句型1] To his surprise, Mom was carrying something that looked like a cake. (运用了that引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] Whenever you turn it over, the Moon pebbles fall around the nails and it sounds like rain. (运用了让步状语从句)