训练02 Book 3 Module 2 Developing and developed countries-2022年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（外研版）

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一．用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Sme psitins(psitin) require students t be 15 t 24 r up t 29 fr persns with a disability.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)S infrmatin was exchanged(exchange), but it wasn't a true, intentinal back and frth.
3. Prices are rising sharply, while incmes(incme) are falling far behind.
4．But，say experts，the cmputers will be much smarter(smart) in abut 15 years' time.
5．The latest unemplyment figures(figure) reflect badly n the gvernment's plicies.
6．With the develpment f ecnmy, peple's lives are becming better and better.Hwever, China, as a develping cuntry, is different frm America, which is a develped ne.(develp)
7．In rder t give her gd educatin，her parents sent her t a famus schl t be educated．(educate)
8．The tw pictures are similar and it's easy t find many similarities between them.Similarly，yu can als find sme differences.(similar)
9．It's unfrtunate t be stuck in the rain.At last we tried ur frtune t find a shrtcut. Frtunately we arrived hme befre dark. S we were als frtunate．(frtune)
10．Because f the heavy pllutin, many peple in the twn became ill because f the plluted air they breathed in.(pllute)
11．The children in the muntain village have n entertainment, s their teachers ften tell entertaining stries t entertain them after class.(entertain)
Ⅱ. 选词填空
crwded with; f great imprtance; similar t; fund ut; make sure; be cnnected with; clse t; figure ut; in exchange fr; exchange a wrd with
1. She wre a pink nyln cat similar t a nurse’s unifrm.
2. I always cnsidered yur brther t be cnnected with that club.
3. Wuld yu like my ld TV in exchange fr this camera?
4. Learning English is f great imprtance fr ur future’s develping.
5. First f all, make sure yu carry enugh water fr bth yu and yur dg.
6. Later n, we fund ut that it was ne f ur friends playing a prank n us.
7. I shuld be glad t exchange a wrd with him, tell him.
8. The restaurant was packed, r crwded with peple.
9. Find ut hw much milk yu still have and figure ut hw much yu need t buy.
10. The tw girls are standing clse t each ther, talking abut smething in a mst pleasant atmsphere.
Ⅲ. 英译汉
1. Under the big tree lay a dg, which was black and white.
大树下躺着一条黑白相间的狗。
2. Mary was absent frm the lecture. That’s because she had t lk after her sick mther at hme.
玛丽没来听讲座, 那是因为她必须在家照顾生病的母亲。
3. Yu can wear my dress because we are f the same size.
你能穿我的衣服, 因为我们穿同一个号。
4. As we all knw, exercise is f great benefit/very beneficial t ur health.
众所周知, 锻炼对我们的健康非常有益。
5. I dn’t think that hair-style suits yu, r rather, it desn’t suit yur persnality.
我认为那种发型不适合你, 更精确地说不适合你的个性。
Ⅴ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here are sme 1. ________ (suggestin) fr yu, which may help yu enjy yur schl life better. As a senir high schl student, yu will be living a very busy life. S first f all, yu shuld arrange yur time 2. ________ (prper). Yu’d better make a timetable s that yu knw when t study, exercise and rest. Only in this way can yu make gd use 3. ________ every minute. Besides, while in schl, it is wise 4. ________ (develp) a pleasant relatinship with teachers and classmates. When yu have a prblem yu can’t wrk ut alne, yu’d better turn t yur teachers 5. ________ classmates fr help. Furthermre, be cnfident. Laughter is better than tears and 6. ________ (angry). Smile at life, and it will shine n yu. Last but nt least, take an active part in activities at schl, 7. ________ will give yu gd chances t make friends and challenge
8. ________ (yu).
I hpe the suggestins abve will help yu g thrugh a rich and 9. ________ (clr) schl life. I’m sure that a beautiful future 10. ________ (wait) fr yu.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了可以帮助你更好地享受学校生活的一些建议。
1. 【解析】suggestins。考查名词的数。由系动词are和sme(一些)可知, 此处用名词的复数形式, suggestin是可数名词。故填suggestins。
2. 【解析】prperly。考查副词。prper要修饰动词短语arrange yur time, 副词修饰动词, 此处用副词形式。故填prperly。
3. 【解析】f。考查固定搭配。固定搭配make gd use f, 意为“好好利用……”。故填f。
4. 【解析】t develp。考查动词不定式。固定句型It is +adj. + t d sth. , it是形式主语, t d sth. 是真正主语, 此处用动词不定式(t d)。故填t develp。
5. 【解析】r。考查连词。此处意为“你最好向老师或同学求助。”, 名词yur teachers和classmates是选择关系。故填r。
6. 【解析】anger。考查名词。and是并列连词, 前后语法结构一致, 此空和名词tears并列, angry的名词形式为anger(不可数名词)。故填anger。
7. 【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句关系词。此句是非限制性定语从句, 用关系代词which指代句子take an active part in activities at schl。
8. 【解析】yurself。考查代词。此处意为“最后但并非最不重要的是, 要积极参加学校的活动, 这将给你交朋友和挑战自我的好机会。”, 祈使句的主语是yu, 所以表示“挑战自我”, 用反身代词yurself。
9. 【解析】clrful。考查形容词。名词schl life需要形容词修饰, 此处用形容词形式。
10. 【解析】is waiting。考查时态。此处意为“我相信美好的未来正等着你。”, 表示正在进行, 应用现在进行时(am/is/are ding), 主语a beautiful future是单数, 故填is waiting。

Ⅳ. 完形填空
(2020·鹤岗高一检测)
When I was grwing up, I had an ld neighbr Dr. Gibbs, a gd dctr. When Dr. Gibbs wasn’t 1 lives, he was planting trees. His huse cvered an area f ten acres, and his wife’s 2 was t make it a frest.
The gd dctr had sme interesting theries 3 plant care and grwth. He never 4 his new trees, which went against traditinal practices. Once I asked why, he said that watering plants did 5 t them s that their later generatin wuld grw weaker and weaker. S yu had t make things 6 fr them and remved the 7 early n. He talked abut hw watering trees made fr 8 rts, and hw trees that weren’t watered had t grw deep rts 9 misture(水分). He meant that deep rts had t be 10 . Fr this reasn, he 11 watered his trees.
Dr. Gibbs 12 a cuple f years after I left hme. Every nw and again, I walked by his huse and lked at the 13 that he had planted when he was alive. They’re extremely tall and big 14 they have deep rts nw. Hwever, the trees in my garden 15 in a cld wind althugh I had watered them fr several years.
It seems that suffering 16 these trees, while cmfrt and ease never can. I std there deep in 17 .
Every night befre I g t bed, I check n my tw sns. Mstly I pray that their lives will be 18 . But I think that it’s time t 19 my prayer because nw I knw my children are ging t 20 hardship.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的邻居Dr. Gibbs不再从医之后, 开始在自家院子种树。但是他种树却很少给树浇水, 作者对此感到好奇。询问之后得知树浇的水少它的根才扎得深。多年后作者从中明白了一个道理。
1. A. earning B. making C. saving D. lsing
【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。句意: 当Dr. Gibbs不再治病救人后, 他开始种树。earning挣; making制作; saving救; lsing丢失。根据he was planting trees可知他不再当医生了, 医生的职责是救人, 所以也可以说当他不再救人时。
2. A. actinB. wisdmC. styleD. gal
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他的房子占地10英亩, 他妻子的目标是把它变成森林。actin行为, 动作; wisdm智慧; style风格; gal目标。他的家很大, 根据常识可知把家变成森林应该很难实现, 所以此处说是妻子的目标, 符合逻辑和语境。
3. A. abutB. withC. byD. under
【解析】选A。考查介词词义辨析。句意: 关于树的照顾和成长方面, 这个好医生有他(自己)的一些有意思的理论。abut关于; with有; by通过; under在……下面。根据句意可知, 此处要用一个表示“关于”的介词, 选项里有此意义的介词是abut。
4. A. plantedB. wateredC. cutD. harvested
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他从来不给刚种的树浇水, 这和惯例背道而驰。planted种植; watered浇水; cut砍; harvested收获。根据下文的Once I asked why, he said that watering plants did _____t them s that their later generatin wuld grw weaker and weaker. (曾经我问他为什么, 他说给植物浇水对它们有害, 会让它们的后代长得越来越差)可知, 医生是不给树浇水。
5. A. benefitB. gdC. harmD. favr
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 曾经我问他为什么, 他说给植物浇水对它们有害, 会让它们的后代长得越来越差。benefit好处; gd益处; harm伤害; favr恩惠。根据句中的weaker and weaker可知浇水对树不好。
6. A. harmfulB. tugh
C. interestingD. cmfrtable
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 所以你一定要让条件艰苦, 早早地淘汰那些弱者。harmful有害的; tugh困难的, 艰苦的; interesting有趣的; cmfrtable舒适的。联系上文可知, 不给刚种的树浇水, 那么树的生长环境就很艰苦。
7. A. strngerB. tallerC. yungerD. weaker
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 所以你一定要让条件艰苦, 早早地淘汰那些弱者。strnger更强壮的; taller更高的; yunger更年轻的; weaker更弱的。根据常识优胜劣汰原则可知, 因为缺水死掉的是相对来讲更弱的树。
8. A. deepB. shallwC. highD. lw
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他谈到浇水会让树扎根很浅, 不浇水的树会因为寻找水分扎根很深。deep深的; shallw浅的; high高的; lw低的。根据下文提到的不浇水的树扎根深可知, 此处应该是浇水的树扎根浅, 两种情况形成对比。
9. A. in search fB. in face f
C. in favr fD. in charge f
【解析】选A。考查介词短语词义辨析。句意: 他谈到浇水会让树扎根很浅, 不浇水的树会因为寻找水分扎根很深。in search f寻找; in face f面临; in favr f赞成; in charge f管理。根据常识可知, 树会寻找水分, 尤其是没浇水的树。
10. A. cutB. grwnC. treasuredD. remved
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他说根深的树肯定会受到重视。cut砍; grwn种植; treasured珍惜, 珍视; remved移除。联系生活实际, 没有浇水活下来的树肯定少, 也就自然会受到珍惜。
11. A. alwaysB. ften C. smetimes D. never
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 因为这个原因, 他从来不给树浇水。always总是; ften常常; smetimes有时; never绝不。根据前文提到的He never _____his new trees(他从不给刚种的树浇水)可知此处用never。
12. A. ran utB. fell behind
C. turned upD. passed away
【解析】选D。考查动词短语词义辨析。句意: 我离开家后没过几年Dr. Gibbs就去世了。ran ut用完; fell behind落后; turned up调高, 出现; passed away去世。根据下文提到的I walked by his huse and lked at the _____that he had planted when he was alive (我路过他家看到他活着时种的那些树)可知, Dr. Gibbs已经去世了。
13. A. treesB. rtsC. flwersD. seeds
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我路过他家看到他活着时种的那些树。trees树; rts根; flwers花; seeds种子。根据文章大意可知, 本文主要讲种树。
14. A. untilB. thughC. sinceD. if
【解析】选C。考查连词词义辨析。句意: 它们长得又高又大因为它们的根很深。until直到; thugh尽管; since因为; if如果。联系常识, 树长得高大和有很深的根之间是因果关系。
15. A. trembledB. wavedC. dancedD. ndded
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 然而我种的树却在寒风中摇曳, 尽管我以前给它们浇了好多年水。trembled颤抖; waved挥舞; danced跳舞; ndded点头。根据Hwever判断前后句是转折关系, 前句提到医生的树高大茂盛, 那此处就是作者的树弱不禁风。选项中符合弱不禁风的词是trembled。
16. A. benefitsB. damagesC. tuchesD. attracts
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 似乎苦难对这些树有益, 而舒适和安逸却不会。benefits对……有益; damages损坏; tuches触摸; attracts吸引。联系上文提到的没浇水的树长得高大茂盛可知, 逆境对树有益。
17. A. trubleB. thughtC. regretD. jy
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我站在那里, 陷入了沉思。truble麻烦; thught想法; regret遗憾; jy高兴。根据下文可知, 他把种树的理论和自己教育孩子联系在一起, 所以此处用陷入沉思符合语境。
18. A. difficultB. unknwnC. easyD. helpless
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 通常我祈祷他们的生活容易些。difficult困难的; unknwn不出名的; easy容易的; helpless无助的。联系实际, 作为父母一般情况下都希望孩子生活得好, 此处也是讲的一般情况。
19. A. explainB. prveC. insistD. change
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 此时我要改变我的祈祷了, 因为我知道我的孩子以后会面临磨难。explain解释; prve证明; insist坚持; change改变。最后一段是文章的升华, 从种树升华到培养孩子。因为孩子们过得太安逸, 怕他们以后弱不禁风, 所以要改变方式, 就像种树那样。
20. A. refuseB. faceC. frbidD. prvide
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 此时我要改变我的祈祷了因为我知道我的孩子以后会面临磨难。refuse拒绝; face面对; frbid禁止; prvide提供。联系前文作者种树的经历, 因为时常浇水树长得不好可知, 因为生活条件的优越, 孩子们肯定会在以后的生活中面临磨难。
【方法技巧】
完形填空利用复现信息解题
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。例如:
第11题的答案 never是前文He never _____his new trees的原词复现;
第8题的答案shallw是后文and hw trees that weren’t watered had t grw deep rts _____misture中deep的反义复现。
第12题的答案 passed away是I walked by his huse and lked at the _____that he had planted when he was alive中alive的反义复现。

Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The gvernment is taking measures(measure) t prtect the rivers against pllutin.
2．We must make every effrt t turn(turn) ur ideal int reality.
3．Learning English is f great imprtance(imprtant) fr ur future develpment.
4．Tsinghua University is hme t a great number f utstanding figures (figure)．
5．Gd gave us the gift f life; it is up t us t give(give) urselves the gift f living well.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I can't figure ut what it is that makes him s depressed recently.
2．Sme citizens are in favr f the plan, while thers are strngly against it.
3．I d hpe this bk will be f great value t him in his studies.
4．Michael is nt really up t the jb. We need t have him replaced.
5．The little bat rlled dwn the river withut effrt with the wind behind her.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．We study in a classrm measured 30 feet lng and 20 feet wide. measured→measuring
2．The tw bys are bth 1．80 meters in height, but they are nt at the same age. at→f
3．We shuld make great effrt t make up fr the lst time. effrt→effrts或great前加a
4．It's up fr yu t decide whether t take up physics r chemistry.fr→t
5．While we are nt rich, but we are still willing t ffer a hand t whever is in truble. 去掉but
= 4 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT IV.语法填空
With the 1．develpment(develp) f ecnmy, mst peple's living standard has risen, while in this regin sme husehlds still have a lw incme and live 2.in pverty. They are 3.hungry(hunger) fr a happy life. 4.Frtunately(frtunate), the gvernment thinks it a duty t help them ut f difficulty. It is taking 5.measures(measure) t change their life. First, educatin is f great imprtance s all the children shuld 6．be educated(educate). Secnd, the gvernment is making effrts 7．t imprve(imprve) the develpment f ecnmy greatly, fr example, 8.prmting(prmte) the turism. We figure 9.that peple will reach r be clse 10.t a well­ff life.
= 5 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT V.书面表达
Step 1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①随着经济的发展，大多数人的生活水平提高了。
With the develpment f ecnmy, mst peple's living standards have imprved.
②在这个地区，一些家庭仍然收入很低，生活在贫困中。
In this regin sme husehlds still have a lw incme and live in pverty．
③幸运的是，政府正在采取措施改变他们的生活。
Frtunately, the gvernment is taking measures t change their life.
④政府正在努力提高经济的发展，例如，发展旅游业。
The gvernment is making effrts t imprve the develpment f ecnmy, fr example, develping turism．
⑤他们认为教育很重要，所有的孩子都应该接受教育。
They think educatin is very imprtant and all the children shuld receive educatin．
Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)用while作并列连词合并句①和句②
With the develpment f ecnmy, mst peple's living standards have been imprved while in this regin sme husehlds still have a lw incme and live in pverty.
(2)用“f＋ n．”改写句⑤并用access替代receive
They think educatin is f great imprtance and all the children shuld have access t educatin.
Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
With the develpment f ecnmy, mst peple's living standards have imprved while in this regin sme husehlds still have a lw incme and live in pverty.Frtunately, the gvernment is taking measures t change their life.Firstly the gvernment is making effrts t imprve the develpment f ecnmy, fr example, develping turism.Secndly they think educatin is f great imprtance and all the children shuld have access t educatin.