2021-2022学年浙江省高三下学期英语开学摸底试卷（新高考）含解析听力

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浙江省2021-2022学年高三下学期开学摸底试卷（新高考）
英语
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．What does the woman prefer to do?
A．Help someone type papers.
B．Have the papers checked.
C．Go over the papers herself.
2．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A position. B．A weekend plan. C．The man's company.
3．Where will the woman go this afternoon?
A．An office party. B．An opera house. C．A shopping mall.
4．Where did the man get the tickets?
A．From the cinema. B．From the Internet. C．From the woman.
5．What does the woman like most about the city?
A．The parks.
B．The old buildings.
C．The French restaurant.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面一段对话，回答问题。
6．How does the man feel about his major?
A．Uninterested. B．Inspired. C．Confused.
7．What does the man want to do after graduation?
A．Become a lawyer.
B．Study further in Mexico.
C．Start his own business.
听下面一段对话，回答问题。
8．Where can the woman visit some relatives?
A．In California. B．In Puerto Rico. C．In San Francisco.
9．What is the relationship between the speakers?
A．Mother and son. B．Husband and wife. C．Brother and sister.
听下面一段对话，回答问题。
10．Why does the woman express thanks to the man?
A．He'll drive her home.
B．He'll shop with her.
C．He'll entertain her friends.
11．What's the advantage of a convenience store for the man?
A．Long business hours. B．The low price. C．Much selection.
12．What will the woman do next?
A．Eat hamburgers.
B．Stay at the cash counter.
C．Compare different brands.
听下面一段对话，回答问题。
13．How old is Katie now?
A．10 years old. B．13 years old. C．23 years old.
14．What does Katie think of literature?
A．Boring. B．Useless. C．Interesting.
15．What does Katie probably do?
A．A student. B．A model. C．A magazine editor.
16．According to research, what can Katie do to help her read more literature?
A．Read on longer flights.
B．Read at least ten pages.
C．Read before going to bed.
听下面一段对话，回答问题。
17．When will the race be held this year?
A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday.
18．Where does the race start?
A．At the football ground.
B．On the north side of the park.
C．At the main entrance of the park.
19．What can every runner get?
A．A T-shirt.
B．A water bottle.
C．A pair of running shoes.
20．Who can run in the race free of charge?
A．Children under 8 years old.
B．Adults registering in advance.
C．Children between 8 and 15 years old.
三、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读理解
I'm running some 3,550 kilometers. To be more precise, this jog is mostly around my neighborhood in Ottawa. It is the distance by air to Vancouver that my friend Louise and I are doing. If we make it, Louise and I will get on a plane to Vancouver and compete in one of the BMO Vancouver Marathon weekend races. We may not win medals, but for sure we'll have cake for my seventy-fifth birthday at the finish line.
The workout for big birthdays represents a big change for me. I used to hate birthdays, especially those milestone ones. No longer feeling young is horrible. As I approached my sixtieth birthday, Louise suggested setting targets to mark milestone birthdays. "That way you are looking forward to something, not dreading it," she pointed out.
By doing those expanding my world or demanding new skills, I feel myself growing, not shrinking. For my sixtieth, I got it into my head that I should do an Olympic distance triathlon (铁人三项赛), which turned out to be a real milestone. After over four hours on the course, I was last among the 95 competitors. But I was the oldest woman competing, so that made me first in my age category. Since then, I've looked on the special days as a call for trying something different. For my sixty-fifth birthday, I went to run a half marathon. And I finished seven activities that took me out of my "comfort zone" at seventy.
I'm fortunate to have celebrated so many birthdays in good health and spirits, so whether I succeed in running to Vancouver or not, I'm grateful for the opportunity. One thing I've learned in taking up these challenges is that there are many possibilities for new adventures and achievements, even as we grow older. So do spend every day of every year with a definite end in view, which will release your energy and make you happy.
21．What does the underlined word "dreading" in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Demanding. B．Fearing. C．Changing. D．Accepting.
22．Why did the author think the triathlon a milestone?
A．It inspired her to accept challenges.
B．It changed her attitude to birthdays.
C．It proved she was in good condition.
D．It drove her to step outside her comfort zone.
23．What does the author suggest at last?
A．Living with a clear goal. B．Doing exercise to keep healthy.
C．Facing adventures bravely. D．Settling into old age positively.
阅读理解
Published in 1859, Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Speciesmade a number of brave claims about the nature of evolution — including the suggestion that an animal species with greater diversity in its line will produce more subspecies too. This assumption is not as obvious as you might think at first. And it was finally found to be true for birds only a couple of years ago. Now, researchers from the University of Cambridge in the UK have shown that Darwin was right on this point for mammals (哺乳动物), too.
Apart from being an important contribution to our understanding of evolution in general, the findings could also be useful in ongoing conservation efforts — helping experts to figure out which species need to be protected in order to ensure their survival.
"My research investigating the relationship between species and the variety of subspecies proves that subspecies play a vital role in long-term evolutionary dynamics and in future evolution of species," says biological anthropologist Laura van Holstein. There are three subspecies of northern giraffe, for example, and 45 subspecies of the red fox — the highest in the animal kingdom. 36 different species of wild cats have been found and most of these are further divided into subspecies. Human beings, on the other hand, don't have any subspecies.
To test Darwin's assumption, van Holstein looked at a huge database of animal classifications, analysing the collected knowledge we have about mammal species and subspecies to look for patterns. The data showed that habitat (land versus sea, for example) plays an important role in subspecies' form and increase. The findings show that those living in the sea, or spending a lot of time in the air are less affected by physical boundaries like mountains.
The discoveries on subspecies habitat are particularly significant when it comes to conservation, because the habitats of so many animals are under threat from climate change and human activity, and these findings indicate that our actions really are having an effect on the process of evolution.
24．What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．Charles Darwin's claims have been proved recently.
B．Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species.
C．Charles Darwin's assumption was right for any animal.
D．Charles Darwin set up the foundation of evolution theory.
25．What can we infer from Laura van Holstein's research?
A．Humans will evolve faster.
B．Wild cats' subspecies are countless.
C．The red fox needs immediate protection.
D．Northern giraffe's evolution is less active.
26．Why are the discoveries on subspecies habitat important?
A．Because they help solve the threat of climate change.
B．Because they show human activity is bad for evolution.
C．Because they tell the importance of conservation of habitats.
D．Because they prove evolution is damaged by human actions.
阅读理解
A Space Age "disaster of the commons" is unfolding right under our nose — or, really, right over our head. For more than half a century, humans have been casting objects into low-Earth orbit in ever growing numbers. And with few meaningful limitations on further launches, the general attitude has been permissive: in orbit, it seems, there is always room for one more.
After so many decades of the build-up of high-speed chaos in the form of spent rocket stages, low-Earth orbit is finally on the edge of becoming too crowded for comfort. And the problem tends to get much worse because of the rise of satellite "mega constellations (大星座)" requiring thousands of aircraft, such as SpaceX's Starlink. Starlink is but one of many similar projects. Another mega constellation from a company called OneWeb is already being stationed. And Amazon's Project Kuiper is seeking to create a mega constellation of up to 3,200 satellites in the near future.
The International Space Station regularly adjusts its orbit to avoid potentially risky debris (碎片). Worse yet, there has been an increase in the threat of full-on collisions. Consider the February 2009 run-in between a dead Russian satellite and a commercial aircraft, which produced a great amount of debris.
Finding ways to remove at least some of all that space rubbish should be a top global priority (优先), says Donald Kessler, a scientist for orbital debris research. In the late 1970s, he foretold the possibility of the Kessler conditions: as the mass of space trash increases, self-protecting runaway cycle of debris-generating collisions can arise, making low-Earth orbit too risky to support most space activities.
"There is now agreement within the community that the debris environment has reached a 'tipping point' where debris would continue to increase even if all launches were stopped," Kessler says. "There are collisions taking place all the time — less noticeable and not in large numbers," Kessler adds.
27．What can be concluded from paragraph 1?
A．Humans are facing a space collision disaster.
B．General public are tolerant of the present situation in space.
C．Nothing has been done in space management.
D．Low-Earth orbit is in a high degree of order.
28．Why is mega constellation mentioned in paragraph 2?
A．To explain the cause of the space jam.
B．To show the influence of the aircraft.
C．To stress the popularity of the space race.
D．To praise the efforts of famous companies.
29．What is Kessler's attitude towards the debris environment?
A．Ambiguous. B．Worried. C．Doubtful. D．Tolerant.
30．Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A．Space Collisions Are Unavoidable
B．Space Development Needs to Stop
C．Space Activities Are Out of Control
D．Space Rubbish Arouses Concerns
四、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is very common nowadays for people to complain about anxiety. The novel coronavirus outbreak, as well as the pressure from day-to-day life, contributes to anxiety, which should not be underestimated as it could lead to depression or other mental disorders. 　31． 　
As a matter of fact, keeping several plants to add some green in your home is a good way to ease anxiety. 　32． 　 Researchers from the University of Essex in England investigated the reason, finding out that the secret to why nature could help people to calm down is because of one of its major colors: green.
　33． 　 To people, green usually represents calm, peace, freshness, and safety, because to the ancestors of human beings, green means food and water. This impression was rooted in human's minds during the evolution process, hence the feelings this color generates still have a great effect on people today.
　34． 　 The photosynthesis (光合作用) of plants can absorb the carbon dioxide in the air and release oxygen. However, do not grow too many plants in the bedroom since photosynthesis takes place during the day, so when nighttime comes, plants will do the opposite by absorbing oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.
The best choice of plants to keep at home and in the office are pothos (石柑属), lucky bamboo, and cactus. That's because they are easy to keep. 　35． 　
A. Different people have different reactions to green.
B. Here are some practical ways to help you get relaxed.
C. Some of them even produce colorful flowers as an extra gift.
D. So, is there anything we can do to relieve some of that pressure?
E. Green is a special color, as it is not cold nor warm in the color spectrum (光谱).
F. Green plants can not only help people ease their anxiety, but also clean the air for them.
G. Studies show that people who like to exercise outdoors will have a mental health boost of 50 percent.
五、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Early last summer I bought some yam (山药) for food. After many a day, one tuber (植物块茎) left in the kitchen was not 36． to eat any longer. Thinking it was a waste of money to throw it away, I 37． the tuber into a flower pot hoping that it might take root and 38． something that could be put on the dinner table.
In the following months I watered the tuber regularly. The 39． yam grew very well. Soon it was autumn, and I decided to 40． . I pulled out the yam plant and began to dig with my 41． . I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers 42． the yam root.
When almost no 43． was left, I tried to pull the root but I failed. In 44． , I pushed the pot over. Half of the yam root had grown through one of three holes 45． . The sight filled me with awe (敬畏). Then and there I 46． my opinion of the climbing plant.
The whole tuber, 47． two parts, one in and one out of the pot, was in the 48． of a handwritten L. Unlike ordinary yam roots, the part outside the pot was not round. It was 49． , looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a 50． .
The very end of the part outside the pot was 51． . Obviously, the skin must have been rubbed off during its 52． with the heavy pot. The very tip of the flat part was 53． . Needless to say, it was not damaged by me but by the pot.
I came to understand that the tuber, though 54． wounded, had struggled hard. Such was a Chinese yam, an ordinary-looking climbing plant with 55． characteristics.
36．A．attractive B．suitable C．special D．easy
37．A．put B．threw C．buried D．hid
38．A．consume B．produce C．contain D．catch
39．A．deserted B．forgotten C．chosen D．potted
40．A．check B．try C．harvest D．move
41．A．children B．friends C．tools D．fingers
42．A．touched B．pulled C．hurt D．grasped
43．A．earth B．root C．water D．plant
44．A．astonishment B．excitement C．embarrassment D．puzzlement
45．A．at the side B．on the left C．at the bottom D．near the edge
46．A．expressed B．changed C．maintained D．proved
47．A．cut into B．connected with C．consisting of D．looking like
48．A．style B．form C．pattern D．way
49．A．flat B．long C．thin D．shiny
50．A．difference B．contribution C．fortune D．living
51．A．skinless B．discolored C．small D．dry
52．A．growth B．struggle C．life cycle D．relationship
53．A．dirty B．rough C．broken D．stuck
54．A．endlessly B．temporarily C．accidentally D．seriously
55．A．tough B．unique C．typical D．genetic
六、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hanami, which means "flower viewing" in Japanese, is　56． 　 country's tradition of enjoying the beauty of cherry blossom. Every year, from the end of March to the start of May, families and friends gather 　57． 　 (see) cherry blossom (called sakura) bloom all over Japan.
The history of Hanami dates back to around AD 710. Back then, it was plum blossom that people admired rather than cherry blossom. Emperor Saga, who 　58． 　 (rule) from 809 to 823, was the first to hold a viewing party for cherry blossom after he saw a tree he liked in Kyoto. In the 16th century, a leader called Hideyoshi Toyotomi brought Hanami to the 　59． 　 (mass) by planting hundreds of cherry trees across the country. Once the cherry trees are in bloom it's a race
　60． 　 time to see them because the blossom is soon carried away by the wind. The short life span of the flowers is 　61． 　 (center) to Hanami and the Japanese concept of wabi-sabi, which is a 　62． 　 (celebrate) of nature and its imperfections.
Today, Hanami involves 　63． 　 (gather) underneath trees for picnics and parties. Companies often send out junior members of staff to save a good spot for others. People 　64． 　 (advise) not to sit near a pavement because of the large crowds that gather throughout the day. Some people bring heat packs to keep themselves warm. Parks have strict rules about 　65． 　 people can sit and when, and everyone is expected to clean up after themselves.
七、写作（共两节，满分40分）
66．你所在的英语社团正在开展"我为英雄代言"主题演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿，要点如下：
1）你要代言的英雄；
2）简述英雄事迹；
3）你的感想。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My Hero
67．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I've been devoted to education for 20 years. For a long time, I'd thought my students' winning competitions and my receiving honors were treasured moments in my career. But for me now, the most valuable moment happened when I was teaching third grade.
That year, I decided to plan something special for the children: afternoon tea with Mother. After all the preparations were made, each child took home an invitation. I was surprised and relieved to see every mother plan to attend. I even invited my own mother. Surprisingly, she was very cooperative.
Finally, the day arrived. That afternoon, each child lined up at the classroom door expecting the arrival of his or her mom. As it got closer to the starting time, I looked around and quickly found Jimmy, a shy boy. His mother hadn't shown up and he was upset. After a consideration, I took my mother by the hand and walked to Jimmy. "Jimmy," I said. "Since I'm going to be really busy today, I am wondering if you could keep my mother company." He nodded, looking excited.
My momand Jimmy sat at a table with two other pairs. Jimmy served my mom treats, presented her with the gift I had made, and pulled out and pushed in her chair, just as he had practiced the day before. Whenever I looked, my mom and Jimmy were deep in conversation.
Now ten years later, I work with students of all ages, educating them about the environment. Last year, I took a senior class from another city on a field trip. We went to a mountain by bus, where we spent two busy and absorbing days. The class were very easy-going and there was even a boy vaguely familiar. But the trip was over so quickly that I was even unable to put all their names to faces. Before we got on the bus to return school, I had the students complete an evaluation form of their trip. I collected and checked the forms one by one.
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为150词左右；
2）应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Then a different evaluation page came into view.
Paragraph 2:
Jimmy came to me before getting off, saying "Thanks again, Mrs. Marra" and gave me a big hug.

答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【解析】【听力原文】M: Do you always look your own papers over for typing mistakes?
W: I usually have to do it myself. But I'd rather have someone else do it. It's so boring.
【分析】问题：女士喜欢做什么？根据“ Do you always look your own papers over for typing mistakes?”你是否总是查看自己的论文以查找打字错误？；以及“ I usually have to do it myself. But I'd rather have someone else do it. It's so boring.”我通常必须自己做。 但我宁愿让别人来做。 太无聊了。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】A
【解析】【听力原文】M: Are you going to apply for that position? You see, it's kind of a big deal. It's a lot of responsibility. And sometimes you need to go to the company at weekends.
W: But it's really exciting. Anyway, the salary is good.
【分析】问题：谈话人在谈论什么？根据“Are you going to apply for that position? You see, it's kind of a big deal. ”你会申请那个职位吗？ 你看，这是一件大事。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】C
【解析】【听力原文】M: I got 2 tickets to La Boheme at the office party. Do you want to go with me tonight?
W: I'd love to. I planned to go to Forest shopping mall tonight, but I guess I will go this afternoon. I can't go to the opera in an old dress.
【分析】问题：女士今天下午要去哪里？根据“ I planned to go to Forest shopping mall tonight, but I guess I will go this afternoon. ”我计划今晚去森林购物中心，但我想我今天下午去。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】B
【解析】【听力原文】W: Look at the time! It's eight o'clock! I hope the cinema hasn't sold out of tickets.
M: Don't worry. I've already bought our tickets. I ordered them online last night.
【分析】问题：男士从哪里弄来的票？根据“I've already bought our tickets. I ordered them online last night.”我已经买好了我们的票。 我昨晚在网上订购的。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
5．【答案】C
【解析】【听力原文】W: This lunch was good. So what do you want to do now? Visit a park?
M: Oh, no. The parks in this city are all dirty. But I really enjoyed those old buildings we saw yesterday.
W: They were nice. But nothing beats this French restaurant.
【分析】问题：女人最喜欢这座城市的什么？根据“But nothing beats this French restaurant.”但没有什么比这家法国餐厅更好的了。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
【答案】6．A
7．C
【解析】【听力原文】W: Sam, how are things with you?
M: Oh, not bad, but I'm still not sure what I'm going to do after I graduate.
W: Yeah, it's hard to find a job these days.
M: It's not that. I only have a few more months before I graduate, and now I'm wondering why I did this. I don't want to be a lawyer. It all seems like a waste of time.
W: So what are you going to do?
M: Well, I'd like to move to Mexico and open a coffee shop, but I don't think my parents will agree.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：男士对他的专业有什么看法？根据“I don't want to be a lawyer. It all seems like a waste of time.”我不想当律师。 这一切似乎都是在浪费时间。故选A。
7．问题：男士毕业后想做什么？根据“I'd like to move to Mexico and open a coffee shop”我想搬到墨西哥开一家咖啡店，故选C。
【答案】8．A
9．B
【解析】【听力原文】W: Barbara Carpenter told me about their trip to Puerto Rico. I do wish we could take a trip this summer.
M: Well, dear, maybe we can. I may have enough time then for us to take a real vacation in San Francisco.
W: Do you think we might go to the West Coast? I've got some relatives in California, you know. We might be able to stop and visit them.
M: I wonder if our old car can make such a long trip. Maybe I should start thinking about buying a new one.
W: That would be nice. Shall we tell the kids where we're planning to go?
M: Yeah, we should tell them…
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：女士可能去哪里探亲？根据“ I've got some relatives in California, you know. We might be able to stop and visit them.”我在加利福尼亚有一些亲戚，你知道的。我们也许可以停下来拜访他们。故选A。
9．问题：谈话人之间是什么关系？根据“ I do wish we could take a trip this summer.”我真希望我们今年夏天能去旅行；以及“Well, dear, maybe we can. I may have enough time then for us to take a real vacation in San Francisco.”好吧，亲爱的，也许我们可以。 那时我可能有足够的时间让我们在旧金山度过一个真正的假期。可推知他们可能是夫妻，故选B。
【答案】10．A
11．A
12．B
【解析】【听力原文】W: Thanks for picking me up this evening, Eric.
M: Not at all. I'm happy to do it. By the way, I have some friends coming over tonight, and I should prepare for that. Shall we stop at a supermarket on the way home?
W: I think it's closed by now. We can stop at a convenience store. They're open 24 hours.
M: Convenience store? They say the prices there are higher and there isn't much selection.
W: I'm afraid so.
M: Well, it doesn't matter. It may make choosing much easier.
W: Actually, I enjoy comparing different brands to get the best bargain for our family. Of course, this time there will be no comparing.
M: Yeah. Here we are. Well, it is the only place open at this time of the night. Look at this, they have hamburgers ready to eat.
W: I know that, Eric. Go on to pick out what you want. I prefer to wait for you at the cash counter.
M: All right.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：女士为什么要感谢男士？根据“Thanks for picking me up this evening, Eric.”谢谢你今晚开车来接我，埃里克。故选A。
11．问题：便利店对男士有什么好处？根据“ We can stop at a convenience store. They're open 24 hours.”我们可以在便利店停下来。 他们24小时营业。故选A。
12．问题：女士接下来会做什么？根据“ I prefer to wait for you at the cash counter.”我宁愿在收银台等你。故选B。
【答案】13．C
14．A
15．B
16．B
【解析】【听力原文】M: You've been reading that magazine for three hours now, Katie. Shouldn't you spend your time doing something a little more useful?
W: I like reading magazines. I started reading them when I was thirteen. I think literature is for old people.
M: Hey! I'm a literature major!
W: Oh, yeah. I forgot. I know that in general reading more serious stuff can be good for me, but I have to keep up with the fashion world for my job, you know.
M: I'm sure you need that for your career, but you know you could always read literature, too. Aren't you in airports a lot? You could have read all the classics just waiting for your next flight.
W: I guess you're right. But it's hard to break a ten-year habit. I don't know how you can read all those books from the 1880s. I've tried to read them, and I just fall asleep after a few sentences.
M: Studies have shown that you have to read ten pages to get interested in a book. You should stick with it for a bit longer and see if the book draws you in (吸引).
W: Hmm…I guess I should try, but I don't know much about anything but clothes, handbags, and shoes…oh, and how to look good in front of the camera!
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
13．问题： Katie 现在多大了？根据“ I started reading them when I was thirteen.”我十三岁时开始阅读它们；以及“But it's hard to break a ten-year habit. ”但很难打破一个十年的习惯。可推知她现在23岁了，故选C。
14．问题： Katie 认为文学怎么样？根据“ I think literature is for old people.”我觉得文学是给老人看的。可推知她认为文学无聊，故选A。
15．问题：Katie可能是干什么的？根据“but I have to keep up with the fashion world for my job,”但我的工作必须跟上时尚界的步伐，可推知她可能是模特，故选B。
16．问题：根据研究，Katie可以做些什么来帮助她阅读更多的文学作品？根据“Studies have shown that you have to read ten pages to get interested in a book. You should stick with it for a bit longer and see if the book draws you in (吸引).”研究表明，你必须阅读十页才能对一本书感兴趣。 你应该坚持一段时间，看看这本书是否吸引了你。故选B。
【答案】17．C
18．A
19．B
20．C
【解析】【听力原文】 M: I'm Carol Johnson, the organizer of this year's Abington Fun Run. I'm delighted to be able to tell you that this year it will be held at 11 am, on Sunday May 24th instead of Saturday, so make a note in your diary. It's open to runners of any age and ability — children, their parents, grandparents, friends.
The course of the fun run will be through the beautiful environment of Abington Park and the total distance will be three kilometers, starting and finishing at the football ground. That's on the south side of the park, very close to the main entrance. Abington Fun Run is a race in which there are no winners or losers. Everyone who takes part will be given something to remember the day. Last year it was a T-shirt. This year it will be a water bottle so it's certain to be very useful.
The cost for adults is $8 if you register in advance or $10 on the day. Any child under the age of 15 can take part for free but there's a lower age limit of 8.
If you would like to join in the fun run, entry forms and an information pack with lots of useful tips for improving your fitness and preparing for the run are available from any news agent. See you there.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：今年什么时候举行比赛？根据“ I'm delighted to be able to tell you that this year it will be held at 11 am, on Sunday May 24th instead of Saturday, so make a note in your diary. ”我很高兴能够告诉您，今年的会议将在 5 月 24 日星期日而不是星期六上午 11 点举行，所以请在你的日记中记下。故选C。
18．问题：比赛从哪里开始？根据“starting and finishing at the football ground. ”在足球场开始和结束。故选A。
19．问题：每个跑者都能得到什么？根据“This year it will be a water bottle so it's certain to be very useful.”今年它将是一个水瓶，所以它肯定会非常有用。故选B。
20．问题：谁可以免费参加比赛？根据“Any child under the age of 15 can take part for free but there's a lower age limit of 8.”任何 15 岁以下的儿童均可免费参加，但年龄限制为 8 岁。故选C。
【答案】21．B
22．B
23．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者曾是一个不喜欢过生日的人，在朋友的建议下，她开始为自己每个重要的生日设立目标。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．考查词义猜测。从画线词所在的语境看，该词的含义应与前面的"looking forward to"相反，根据第二段中的"I used to hate birthdays, especially those milestone ones. No longer feeling young is horrible"可知，此处表示"盼望某件事（即生日的来临），而不是害怕它"，由此可推断画线词含义与B项接近。dread"畏惧，惧怕，担心"。故选B。
22．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"I got it into my head that I should do an Olympic distance triathlon (铁人三项赛), which turned out to be a real milestone"；以及 "Since then, I've looked on the special days as a call for trying something different"可知，作者在60岁生日的时候参加了一项奥运铁人三项赛，这最终成为一个真正的里程碑，因为在比赛之后作者受到启发，开始把生日看作尝试做不同事情的召唤。可推断，作者在这次比赛之后改变了对生日的态度。故选B。
23．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"So do spend every day of every year with a definite end in view, which will release your energy and make you happy"可知，作者建议要带着明确的目标度过每一天，这会释放你的能量，让你开心。故选A。
【答案】24．A
25．D
26．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了经过一系列研究，达尔文进化论中的一些观点得到了证实。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查段落大意。根据第一段中的"And it was finally found to be true for birds only a couple of years ago. Now, researchers from the University of Cambridge in the UK have shown that Darwin was right on this point for mammals (哺乳动物), too."直到几年前，人们才终于发现它对鸟类来说是正确的。 现在，来自英国剑桥大学的研究人员表明，达尔文对哺乳动物的这一点也是正确的。可知，最近达尔文的一些假说得到了证实。故选A。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ There are three subspecies of northern giraffe, for example, and 45 subspecies of the red fox — the highest in the animal kingdom. 36 different species of wild cats have been found and most of these are further divided into subspecies. Human beings, on the other hand, don't have any subspecies. ”例如，北方长颈鹿有 3 个亚种，红狐有 45 个亚种——动物王国中最高的。 已发现 36 种不同种类的野猫，其中大部分进一步分为亚种。 另一方面，人类没有任何亚种。可知，与其他物种相比，北方长颈鹿品种较少。由此可推知，北方长颈鹿的进化不那么活跃。故选D。
26．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The discoveries on subspecies habitat are particularly significant when it comes to conservation"可知，亚种栖息地的发现对于亚种的保护十分重要，因为这表明了保护栖息地的重要性。故选C。
【答案】27．B
28．A
29．B
30．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大量发射进入太空的飞行器使近地轨道变得越来越拥挤，而由此产生的太空垃圾会造成碰撞，这引起了研究人员的担忧。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，观点态度和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
27．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"the general attitude has been permissive: in orbit, it seems, there is always room for one more"可知，人们普遍持一种宽容的态度，认为轨道似乎总有足够的空间来容纳更多的物体。故选B。
28．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ After so many decades of the build-up of high-speed chaos in the form of spent rocket stages, low-Earth orbit is finally on the edge of becoming too crowded for comfort. And the problem tends to get much worse because of the rise of satellite ‘mega constellations (大星座)’ requiring thousands of aircraft, such as SpaceX's Starlink. ”可知，近地轨道濒临过度拥堵的情况，使这一问题变得越发严重的原因之一是"大星座"卫星的增加需要成千上万的航空器。由此可推知，作者在第二段提到"大星座"是想解释导致太空拥堵的原因。故选A。
29．考查观点态度。根据第四段中的"Finding ways to remove at least some of all that space rubbish should be a top global priority (优先)"找到至少清除部分太空垃圾的方法应该是全球的首要任务；以及第五段中的"There are collisions taking place all the time — less noticeable and not in large numbers"（太空垃圾的）碰撞一直在发生，只是不明显，数量还不算太多。可推知，Kessler对于碎片环境持担忧的态度。故选B。
30．考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了发射进入太空的飞行器使近地轨道变得越来越拥挤，而由此产生的大量太空垃圾引起了研究人员的担忧。“太空垃圾引起关注”最适合本文的标题。故选D。
【答案】31．D；32．G；33．E；34．F；35．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了绿色植物的作用：帮助人们缓解压力的同时还能净化空气。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
31．根据空前“ The novel coronavirus outbreak, as well as the pressure from day-to-day life, contributes to anxiety, which should not be underestimated as it could lead to depression or other mental disorders. ”新冠疫情的暴发以及来自日常生活中的压力都会导致焦虑，不能低估焦虑，因为它可能导致抑郁或其他精神疾病；以及空后“ As a matter of fact, keeping several plants to add some green in your home is a good way to ease anxiety. ”事实上，在你的家里种植一些植物来增添一些绿色是一个缓解焦虑的好办法。 D. So, is there anything we can do to relieve some of that pressure? "所以，我们可以做些什么来缓解那种压力呢？"承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
32．根据空前“ As a matter of fact, keeping several plants to add some green in your home is a good way to ease anxiety. ”在家里养几株植物来增加一些绿色是缓解焦虑的好办法；以及空后“Researchers from the University of Essex in England investigated the reason, finding out that the secret to why nature could help people to calm down is because of one of its major colors: green.”来自英国埃塞克斯大学的研究人员调查了其中的原因，发现大自然可以帮助人们平静下来的奥秘是因为它的主要颜色之一是绿色。 G. Studies show that people who like to exercise outdoors will have a mental health boost of 50 percent. "研究表明喜欢户外运动的人的心理健康（程度）将会提高50%"承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
33．根据空后“ To people, green usually represents calm, peace, freshness, and safety, because to the ancestors of human beings, green means food and water. ”对人们而言，绿色通常代表着平静、和平、新鲜和安全，因为对人类的祖先而言，绿色意味着食物和水。 E. Green is a special color, as it is not cold nor warm in the color spectrum (光谱). "绿色是一种特殊的颜色，因为它在色谱里既不是冷色也不是暖色"引出下文，符合语境。故选E。
34．根据空后“ The photosynthesis (光合作用) of plants can absorb the carbon dioxide in the air and release oxygen. ”植物的光合作用可以吸收空气中的二氧化碳并释放氧气。 F. Green plants can not only help people ease their anxiety, but also clean the air for them. "植物不仅能帮助人们缓解焦虑，还能为他们清洁空气"引出下文，符合语境。故选F。
35．根据空前“ The best choice of plants to keep at home and in the office are pothos (石柑属), lucky bamboo, and cactus. That's because they are easy to keep. ”最适合放在家里和办公室的植物是石柑属、富贵竹和仙人掌。那是因为它们很好养。 C. Some of them even produce colorful flowers as an extra gift. "它们当中有一些甚至会开花，这是一个额外的礼物"与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选C。
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．B；39．D；40．C；41．D；42．A；43．A；44．D；45．C；46．B；47．C；48．B；49．A；50．D；51．A；52．B；53．C；54．D；55．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一块有着顽强生命力的山药的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．句意：很多天后，厨房里剩下的一根块茎已经不适合吃了。A：attractive“有魅力的，吸引人的”；B：suitable？“合适的”；C：special“特殊的”；D：easy “容易的”。根据下文"Thinking it was a waste of money to throw it away"可知，此处表示许多天以后，厨房里剩下的一块山药已经不再适合食用了。故选B。
37．句意：觉得扔掉太浪费钱了，我把块茎埋在花盆里，希望它能生根，长出一些可以放在餐桌上的东西。A：put“放置”；B：threw“扔”；C：buried“埋”；D：hid “隐藏”。根据空后"the tuber into a flower pot hoping that it might take root"可知，作者把这块山药埋在了花盆里。故选C。
38．句意：觉得扔掉太浪费钱了，我把块茎埋在花盆里，希望它能生根，长出一些可以放在餐桌上的东西。A：consume“消费”；B：produce“生产，长出”；C：contain“包含，控制”；D：catch“抓住”。 根据空前"hoping that it might take root"和空后的"something that could be put on the dinner table"可知，作者希望栽在花盆里的山药生根并长出可食用的山药。故选B。
39．句意：我定期给块茎浇水。A：deserted“遗弃，废弃”；B：forgotten“忘记”；C：chosen“选择”；D：potted“在盆里栽”。 根据上文中的"I 2 the tuber into a flower pot"及语境可知，栽在花盆里的山药长得很好。故选D。
40．句意：很快就到了秋天，我决定收获。A：check“核实，检查”；B：try“尝试，尽力”；C：harvest“收获”；D：move “移动”。根据空前"Soon it was autumn"及语境可知，很快便到了秋天，作者决定收获果实。故选C。
41．句意：我拔出山药，开始用手指挖。A：children“孩子们”；B：friends“朋友们”；C：tools“工具”；D：fingers “手指”。根据下文"I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers __7__ the yam root."可知，作者用手指去挖花盆里的土。故选D。
42．句意：当我的手指突然碰到山药根时，我全神贯注地挖着。A：touched“接触”；B：pulled“拉，拔”；C：hurt“上海”；D：grasped “抓住，掌握”。根据上文中的"I pulled out the yam plant and began to dig with my 6 . I dug with full attention when suddenly my fingers"和下文中的"pull the root"可知，作者在挖土的过程中手指触碰到了山药的根。故选A。
43．句意：当几乎没有土留下时，我试图拔出根，但我失败了。A：earth“土”；B：root“根”；C：water“水”；D：plant “植物”。根据语境可知，此处表示当花盆里几乎没有剩余的土时，作者试图把山药根拔出来，但是失败了。故选A。
44．句意：我不解地把花盆推倒。A：astonishment“惊讶”；B：excitement“激动，兴奋”；C：embarrassment“窘迫，尴尬”；D：puzzlement “迷惑”。根据上文"When almost no 8 was left, I tried to pull the root but I failed."可知，花盆里几乎没有剩余的土了，但当作者尝试把山药根拔出来时，却失败了。因此作者很困惑。故选D。
45．句意：一半的山药根从底部的三个洞之一长出来。A：at the side“在边上”；B：on the left“在左边”；C：at the bottom“在底部”；D：near the edge“在边缘”。 根据上文中的"I pushed the pot over"可知，作者把花盆推倒后，才发现一半的山药根已经从花盆底部的三个孔中的一个孔里钻了出来。故选C。
46．句意：之后，我改变了对攀缘植物的看法。A：expressed“表达”；B：changed“改变，变化”；C：maintained“维持”；D：proved“证明”。 根据上文"The sight filled me with awe (敬畏)"及语境可知，作者立刻改变了自己对这种攀缘植物的看法。故选B。
47．句意：整个块茎由两部分组成，一部分在花盆内，一部分在花盆外，呈手写L形。A：cut into“切成”；B：connected with“与.....联系”；C：consisting of“由......组成”；D：looking like “看起来像”。根据空后"one in and one out of the pot"可知，整个山药块由两部分组成，一部分在花盆里，一部分在花盆外。故选C。
48．句意：整个块茎由两部分组成，一部分在花盆内，一部分在花盆外，呈手写L形。A：style“风格，方式”；B：form“形式，形状，表格”；C：pattern“图案”；D：way “方式，方法”。根据空前的"The whole tuber, 12 two parts, one in and one out of the pot"和空后的"a handwritten L"及语境可知，山药块的形状像手写的英文字母"L"。故选B。
49．句意：它是扁平的，看起来像一个努力谋生的老农夫的粗壮手指。A：flat“扁的，平的”；B：long“长的”；C：thin“瘦的，薄的”；D：shiny “闪光的”。根据上文"Unlike ordinary yam roots, the part outside the pot was not round."和空后的"looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a 15 "以及下文"The very tip of the flat part was 18 ."可知，不同于普通的圆形山药根，花盆外山药根的形状是扁平的。故选A。
50．句意：它是扁平的，看起来像一个努力谋生的老农夫的粗壮手指。A：difference“不同，差异”；B：contribution“贡献”；C：fortune“运气”；D：living “生活”。根据空前"looking like a thick and strong finger of an old farmer who works hard to make a"及语境可知，花盆外山药根的形状是扁平的，看起来像一位为了谋生而辛苦劳动的老农的粗壮的手指。make a living固定短语，“谋生”，故选D。
51．句意：花盆外部分的最末端是去皮的。A：skinless“没有皮的”；B：discolored“变色，褪色”；C：small“小的”；D：dry “干的”。根据下文"Obviously, the skin must have been rubbed off during its 17 with the heavy pot."可知，山药皮被摩擦掉了，即花盆外山药根的末端没有皮。故选A。
52．句意：显然，在它与沉重的花盆的斗争中，皮肤一定被擦掉了。A：growth“生长”；B：struggle“斗争”；C：life cycle“生活圈”；D：relationship“关系”。 根据空后的"with the heavy pot"和下文"I came to understand that the tuber，though 19 wounded, had struggled hard."可知，此处表示山药根与沉重的花盆作斗争。故选B。
53．句意：平坦部分的最尖端被打破。A：dirty“脏的”；B：rough“粗糙的”；C：broken“破损的”；D：stuck “卡”。根据下文"Needless to say, it was not damaged by me but by the pot."可知，花盆外山药的尖端部位已经破损了。故选C。
54．句意：我开始明白，受了重伤的块茎一直在努力挣扎。A：endlessly“无尽地”；B：temporarily“暂时的”；C：accidentally“意外地”；D：seriously“严重地”。 根据上文及语境可知，作者逐渐明白虽然山药严重受损，但还在顽强地生长。故选D。
55．句意：这就是山药，一种长相普通的攀缘植物，却有着坚韧的特性。A：tough“坚韧的”；B：unique“独特的”；C：typical“典型的”；D：genetic “遗传的，基因的”。根据上文"I came to understand that the tuber, though 19 wounded, had struggled hard."可知，虽然山药受损严重，但还在顽强地生长。看似普通的攀缘植物却具有如此坚韧的品质。故选A。
【答案】56．the；57．to see；58．ruled；59．masses；60．against；61．central；62．celebration；63．gathering；64．are advised；65．where
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本欣赏樱花的传统，阐述了其历史溯源以及如今人们是如何赏花的。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，非谓语动词，时态，名词，介词，形容词，语态，宾语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：Hanami在日语中意为“赏花”，是日本欣赏樱花美景的传统。此处特指"观赏樱花之美的国家的传统"，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
57．句意：每年 3 月底至 5 月初，家人和朋友都会聚集在一起观看日本各地的樱花。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
58．句意：从 809 年到 823 年在位的佐贺天皇，在京都看到了自己喜欢的一棵树后，第一个举办了赏樱会。who引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词；根据时间状语"from 809 to 823"可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填ruled。
59．句意：在 16 世纪，一位名叫丰臣秀吉的领袖在全国种植了数百棵樱花树，从而将花见带给了大众。the masses固定短语，"大众，群众"，故填masses。
60．句意：一旦樱花树盛开，就要与时间赛跑，因为樱花很快就会被风吹走。against time固定短语，"尽快地，争分夺秒地"，故填against。
61．句意：花的短暂寿命是花见和日本侘寂概念的核心，这是对自然及其不完美的颂扬。be central to固定短语，"对……极为重要的"。故填central。
62．句意：句意：花的短暂寿命是花见和日本侘寂概念的核心，这是对自然及其不完美的颂扬。此处名词作表语，不定冠词厚街单数名词，故填celebration。
63．句意：今天，Hanami包括聚集在树下野餐和聚会。involve doing sth.，固定短语，"包括做某事"，动名词作宾语，故填gathering。
64．句意：由于全天聚集了大量人群，建议人们不要坐在人行道附近。本文主体时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时，主语"People"与动词advise之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语"People"为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are advised。
65．句意：公园对人们可以坐的位置和时间有严格的规定，每个人都应该自己打扫卫生。分析句子结构可知，此处应用where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
66．【答案】My Hero
Many heroes have an enormous impact on my growth, one of whom is Lin Qiaozhi.
It's universally acknowledged that Lin Qiaozhi is an expert in women's and children's disease. However, what's unknown is that she went through hardships one after another before she became a doctor. There was a time when girls had little access to schooling, but she made it. Later, she devoted all her life to the welfare project of women and children.
Lin Qiaozhi has set a good example for us and we should learn determination and dedication from her. This is the true reason why I celebrate her.
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生 写一篇演讲稿 。写作背景： 你所在的英语社团正在开展"我为英雄代言"主题演讲活动。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）你要代言的英雄；2）简述英雄事迹；3）你的感想。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Many heroes have an enormous impact on my growth, one of whom is Lin Qiaozhi.运用了非限制性定语从句；It's universally acknowledged that Lin Qiaozhi is an expert in women's and children's disease.运用了主语从句； However, what's unknown is that she went through hardships one after another before she became a doctor. 运用了主语从句，表语从句，时间状语从句；There was a time when girls had little access to schooling, but she made it. 运用了限制性定语从句，转折并列句；Lin Qiaozhi has set a good example for us and we should learn determination and dedication from her. 运用了并列句；This is the true reason why I celebrate her.运用了限制性定语从句。
67．【答案】Paragraph 1:
Then a different evaluation page came into view. It read, "Remember the afternoon tea for third grade, Mrs. Marra? I do! Thanks for all you did, and thank your mother, too. Jimmy." The words and name refreshed my memory of the afternoon and the shy boy. And I finally recognized that boy I felt familiar with! I approached Jimmy, telling him I really enjoyed what he wrote. Looking embarrassed at first, he then smiled broadly and boarded the return bus. Soon we arrived. While students were getting off the bus, Jimmy made sure he was the last one to go.
Paragraph 2:
Jimmy came to me before getting off, saying "Thanks again, Mrs. Marra" and gave me a big hug. "No one even knew my mom didn't make it that day!" he added. I ended my workday with a hug from a teenager who probably stopped hugging teachers years ago. From that, I have a deeper understanding of the essence of my profession. Perhaps a small thing or even a word I don't care much about will take root in a child's young heart and influence his life. And it is all these that are highlights of a teacher's life.
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，20年的教育生涯为作者提供了许多宝贵的时刻，其中最可爱的一次发生在她教三年级的时候。那年，作者决定为孩子们安排一件特别的事情：母亲节茶会。每个孩子都在教室门口排队等候妈妈的时候， Jimmy 的妈妈没来，他看起来很沮丧。于是作者安排 Jimmy 和自己的母亲坐在一起，而这一举动深深感动了 Jimmy 。续写第一段开头为：然后出现了一个不同的评估页面。......后面应该写作者看到这个页面后一系列的心理变化和行动；续写第二段开头为： Jimmy在下车前来到我身边，说“再次感谢， Marra老师”并给了我一个大大的拥抱。......后面应该写作者的感悟。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： Thanks for all you did, and thank your mother, too. Jimmy.运用了祈使句，并列句；And I finally recognized that boy I felt familiar with!运用了限制性定语从句； I approached Jimmy, telling him I really enjoyed what he wrote. 运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句； While students were getting off the bus, Jimmy made sure he was the last one to go.运用了时间状语从句，名词性从句；No one even knew my mom didn't make it that day!运用了宾语从句；I ended my workday with a hug from a teenager who probably stopped hugging teachers years ago. 运用了限制性定语从句；Perhaps a small thing or even a word I don't care much about will take root in a child's young heart and influence his life. 运用了限制性定语从句；And it is all these that are highlights of a teacher's life.运用了强调句。