中考英语语法总结——八大时态及练习

这是一份中考英语语法总结——八大时态及练习，共7页。试卷主要包含了一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去将来时，过去完成时等内容，欢迎下载使用。
其结构为： 1）主语为第一，二人称及第三人称复数时
肯定句 主语+动词原形+其它。
否定句 主语+dn't+动词原形+其它。
一般疑问句 D +主语+动词原形+其它？
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+d+主语+动词原形+其它？
2）主语为第三人称单数时
肯定句 主语+动词第三人称单数 +其它。
否定句 主语+desn't+动词原形+其它。
一般疑问句 Des+主语+动词原形+其它？
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+des+主语+动词原形+其它？
其作用为：1. 表示习惯性，经常性的动作；
2. 表示现在的状态与特征；
3. 表示普遍真理
其常用时间状语为ften，always，usually，smetimes，everyday(week，year...), in the mrning（afternn，evening）等。
Ex . 1. _______ she _______ (g)t the library every Sunday?
2.They ften _______(swim)in summer.
3.______(be)everyne here?
4.The earth______(travel) rund the sun.

\l "a2" 二、一般过去时
其结构为： 肯定句 主语+动词过去式+其它。
否定句 主语+didn't+动词原形+其它。
一般疑问句 Did+主语+动词原形+其它？
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？
其作用为：表示过去的情况或过去习惯性动作
其常用时间状语为 yesterday，the day befre yesterday，，last...及其它表过去的时间，如in 1998 等.
Ex. 1.I_____the number dwn n a piece f paper a mment ag.
A write B writed C wrte D writing
2.Everything______ready befre Father came.
A were B was C is D are
3.He always _______me last term.
A helped B helps C helping D help
\l "a3" 三、一般将来时
其结构为： 肯定句 主语+will+动词原形+其它。
否定句 主语+wn't+动词原形+其它。
一般疑问句 Will+主语+动词原形+其它？
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其它？
当主语是第一人称时，助动词可为 shall.且若为疑问句只能为shall.
其作用为:表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态.
也可用 主语+am，is，are＋ging t d+动词原形+其它来表示计划，打算或决定要做的事情。
对于很快就会发生的事，还可用进行时态表将来，但常局限于有位置移动色彩的动词，如g，cme，leave等。
其常用时间状语为 tmrrw，the day after tmrrw，next...，in+时间段及其它表将来的时间，如in 2010 等.
Ex. 1.Hurry up，r yu_______(be)late.
2.What_____yu________(d)tmrrw?
3.They_______(have) 6 subjects next term.
4.I think it________ again later in the day .
A rains B will ging t rain C is ging t rain D will be rain
5.Where________this time next year?
A will yu be B will be yu C yu will be D will yu ging t be
\l "a4" 四、现在进行时
其结构为: 肯定句 主语+ am，is，are+现在分词+其他.
否定句 主语+ am，is，are +nt+现在分词+其他.
一般疑问句 Am，Is，Are+主语+现在分词+其他?
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+am，is，are+主语+现在分词+其他?
其作用为:表示说话当时正在发生的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作
其常用时间状语为 nw，this week，these days 等,也可是置于句首的 Lk，Listen.
现在进行时也可表示最近按计划安排将进行的动作,常会有一个表将来的时间状语。但仅限于少量词语，如g，cme，leave，arrive 等。
注：表态度,情感的动词和感官动词不能用于进行时态（like，knw，want，hear等）
Ex. 1.They are planting trees n the hill. （改为否定句）

2.Tm is writing a letter t his friend. (改为一般疑问句)

3.I am getting ready t run. (就划线部分提问)

五、过去进行时
其结构为: 肯定句 主语+was，were+现在分词+其他.
否定句 主语+was，were＋nt＋现在分词+其他.
一般疑问句 Was，Were+主语+现在分词+其他?
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+was，were+主语+现在分词+其他?
其作用为：表示过去某个时刻或时段正在进行的动作。
其时间状语为：at this time＋过去时间 (at this time yesterday)，at that time， at＋具体时间点+过去时间（at 9:00 'clck last night），frm 具体时间点 t 具体时间点+过去时间(frm 7:00 t 10:00 yesterday mrning)。
过去进行时还可以与一般过去时搭配用于时间状语从句中。强调动作延续时用过去进行时，强调动作瞬间发生时用一般过去时。常用连词为when，while.
Ex. 1.He __________(nt wrk) at that time.
2.When the teacher_________(cme)in，they_________(talk) ludly.
3.What______yu_______(read) last night?
4.His mther ________(return)while he_______(d)his hmewrk.
5.My father______(watch)TV while my mther_________(ck).
\l "a6" 六、现在完成时
其结构为：肯定句 主语+ have，has +过去分词+其它。
否定句 主语+ have，has +nt+过去分词+其它。
一般疑问句 Have，Has+ 主语+过去分词+其它?
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ have，has+主语+过去分词+其它?
其作用与时间状语：
1）表示过去发生的动作影响到现在，常与 already, yet, ever, never, just, befre 等副词连用。
2）表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，常与表一段时间的时间状语连用。如 fr+时间段, since+过去时间，提问用Hw lng.
此外，s far, in (during) the last (past)+时间段 也是该时态的时间状语。
现在完成时强调过去与现在的联系，而一般过去时只强调过去的动作，与现在无关。
在现在完成时的第二个作用中，必须使用持续性动词，故某些表瞬间的动词需要特定的转换形式。
如：die---have been dead pen---have been pen
clse---have been clsed buy---have had
brrw---have kept arrive (in，at),cme(t)+ a place---have been in +a place，leave+ a place---have been away frm+ a place
jin+团体---have been in+团体, have been a+团体成员等
Ex. 1 Hw lng have yu ______the bk?
A brrwed B kept C lent D bught
2.We _________each ther since he ______.
A didn't see，left B haven't seen，has left C haven't seen，left
3.____he______(wait) fr yu fr an hur?
4.We________just______(have) ur lunch.
5.S far, n man_________(visit) this village.
\l "a7" 七、过去将来时
其结构为：be动词 肯定句 主语+wuld be+其它。
否定句 主语+wuld nt be+其它。
一般疑问句 Wuld+主语+be+其它？
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+wuld+主语+be+其它？
实意动词 肯定句 主语+Wuld+动词原形+其它。
否定句 主语+wuldn't+动词原形+其它。
一般疑问句 Wuld+主语+动词原形+其它？
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+wuld+主语+动词原形+其它？
注：也可用 was，were＋ging t d 的结构来表示。
其作用为:表示从过去某时看将要发生的事情.此时态常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。
Ex. 1.Linda tld me that she________(g)t the park the next day.
2.We didn't knw when he________(arrive)until he called us.
3.They asked if they ________(visit )the farm by bus.
八、过去完成时
其结构为：肯定句 主语+ had + 过去分词+其它。
否定句 主语+ had + nt+过去分词+其它。
一般疑问句 Had+ 主语+ 过去分词+其它?
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ had+ 主语+过去分词+其它?
其作用为：过去某时之前已发生的动作或情况，即过去的过去，与现在无关。
此时态常用于
1）以by，befre+过去时间，时间段+befre，the (week...)befre为时间状语的简单句中。
2）主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中。
3）与一般过去时搭配，用于when，after，befre引导的时间状语从句中
Ex. 1.We ____(be) there twice by the end f last year.
2.They_________(finish)the wrk befre 1998.
3.He said he ________(see) the film the week befre.
4.The sun________(rise) when he gt up.
5.Yesterday,I ________(leave)the classrm after I ______(clean) it.
现在完成时中，关于终止性动词与持续性动词的要求，在过去完成时中，依然适用。
三、随堂监测A组
单项选择：
1. Lk! There _________ sme apples in that tree.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
2．We'll have t clean the plates befre Mther _________ hme.
A. will cme B. is cming C. cme D. cmes
3．—Will yur mther _________ yu if yu _________ the English exam?
—Of curse nt. Because I am trying my best.
A. be angry with; dn't pass B. be angry with; wn't pass
C. be angry t; dn't pass D. be angry t; wn't pass
4．I'm srry yu've missed the train, it _________ 10 minutes ag.
A. left B. has left C. had left D. has been left
5. I dn't think I _________ yu in that dress befre.
A. have seen B. was seeing C. saw D. see
6. _________ yu _________ t the radi? —N, yu can turn it ff.
A. Did; listen B. Have; listened C. D; listen D. Are; listening
7. —Where's Mr Lee? I have smething unusual t tell him.
—Yu _________ find him. He _________ Japan.
A. may nt; has gne t B. may nt; has been t
C. can't; has gne t D. can't; has been t
8. —I wn't cme t the party unless Sue _________, t.
—Yu mean if Sue cmes yu'll cme?
A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited
9. The wrld _________. Things never stay the same.
A. changes B. is changing C. was changing D. will change
10. —Excuse me, des Mr Smith's sn live here?
—He _________ live here, but he has mved.
A. has t B. used t C. tried t D. happened t
11. The children planted mre threes and flwers after they _________ Greener China.
A. jined B. tk part in C. became D. were
12. —Where's Mr Zhang? —He _________ Lndn.
A. has been t B. has been C. has gne D. has gne t
13. —D yu knw if he _________ t play basketball with us?
—I think he will cme if he _________ free tmrrw.
A. cmes; is B. cmes; will be
C. will cme; is D. will cme; will be 14. —May I speak t Mabel, please? —Srry. She's _________ Pairs.
A. gne in B. been in C. gne t D. been t
15. My pen friend Phillip _________ t see me frm Australia. He will be here sn.
A. cmes B. came C. has cme D. is cming
16. I wn't g t the cncert because I _________ my ticket.
A. lst B. dn't lse C. have lst D. is cming
17. —D yu knw Jack well? —Certainly, we _________ friends since ten years ag.
A. were B. have made C. have becme D. have been
18. —Where is Jim? —He ______ t the shp. He'll back in an hur.
A. ges B. g C. has gne D. will g
19. —Excuse me, lk at the sign NO PHOTOS! —Srry, I ________ it.
A. dn't see B. didn't see C. haven't seen D. wn't see
20. Jim's father said t him, "I hpe yu ________ what I ________ yu t buy."
A. didn't frget; tld B. nt t frget; have tld
C. wn't frget; have tld D. haven't frgtten; will tell
21. I like my new bike. It ________ very well.
A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden
22. A lt f trees ________ alng the river last year.
A. planted B. are planted C. were planted
23. These bks ________ ut f the reading rm. Yu have t read them here.
A. must be taken B. can't take C. can take D. mustn't be taken
24. — Whse CD player is this? —It's mine. It ________ me 800 yuan.
A. tk B. spent C. paid D. cst
25. —May I ________ yu Chinese-English dictinary? —Srry, I ________ it at hme?
A. brrw; frgt B. lend; left C. lend; frgt D. brrw; left
26. Can yu ________ a little French?
A. say B. talk C. speak D. tell
27. The internet ________ it easy g get much new infrmatin in a shrt time.
A. finds B. makes C. feels D. takes
28. —D yu like the music The Mnlight Snata? —Yes, it ________ really beautiful.
A. feels B. sunds C. listens D. hears
29. Alice, we are ging t spend ur hliday in Canada，if yu ________, we can g t China instead.
A. hpe B. wish C. prefer D. agree
30. —Hell! Wuld yu like t g t the cncert with me tnight?
—I'm srry I can't Mther wn't ________ me t g ut in the evening.
A. let B. allw C. ffer D. ask
31. It's t dark here. Please ________ the light.
A. turn back B. turn dwn C. turn n D. turn ff
32. After finishing yur paper, lk it ver t ________ there are n mistakes. A. find ut B. try ut C. make sure D. think abut
33. The baby is sleeping. Please ________ the radi a little.
A. turn dwn B. turn up C. turn n D. turn ff
34. —Lk! The bus is cming.
—But there are t many peple. We can't ________ it.
A. get ff B. get dwn C. get n D. get up
35. Dn't ________ yur cat, Tm! It's easy t catch a cld in spring.
A. take away B. take ff C. take dwn D. take ut
36. The trees must ________ three times a week.
A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters
四、随堂监测B组
II．用所给词的适当形式填空：
1 They ________ (visit) the museum last week.
2. Zhang Hng ________ (make) many friends since she came t Paris.
3. She ________ (g)t the cinema with her classmates tmrrw evening.
4. Jhn is always busy. He ________ (sleep) nly six hurs very night.
5. Stay here; by; dn't g ut. It ________ (rain) nw.
6. She ften ________ (d) her lessns after supper.
7. Hurry up! The train ________ (leave) in five minutes.
8. They ________ (arrive) in Lndn n the night f April 30, 1989.
9. While we ________ (talk) in the rm, the light suddenly went ut
10. They ________ (learn) abut 200 English wrds since this term.
11. The meeting ________ already ________ (start) when we gt there.
12. He ________ (wrk) hard at English every day.
13. Put n yur cat. The wind ________ (blw) hard utside nw.
14. I ________ (nt finish) my hmewrk yet.
15. He ________ (must send) t the hspital at nce.
16. By the end f last year we ________ (plant) 1,500 trees.
17. She ________ (play) the pian when I went t see her last night.
18. I'll tell him abut i8t as sn as I ________ (see) him.
19. She isn't at hme, she ________ (g) t Shanghai.
20. ________ yu ________ (get) up early every mrning this year?
21. The film ________ (be) n fr five minutes when I gt t the cinema.
22. He said that light ________ (ravel) much faster than sund.
23. Hw many Chinese wrds ________ Mike ________ (learn) since he gt t Beijing?
24. The earth ________ (mve) arund the sun.
25. The teacher said he ________ (give) us a talk n histry sn.
26. All the students ________ (plant) trees tmrrw.
27. Please ________ (nt shut) here, the baby is sleeping.
28. We were sure that he ________ (can wrk) ut the prblem.
29. The singer said she ________ (nt sing) twice in ne evening.
30. We are sure he will cme t see us befre he ________ (leave) Tianjin.
31. Lk! The Yng Pineers ________ (pant) trees n the hill.
32. Mr Wang ________ (nt give) us a talk last Mnday.
33. They ________ (play) basketball this time yesterday.
34. He said that they ________ (clean) the classrm the next day. 35. We ften ________ (have) an English party n Saturday evenings.
36. He ________ (jint) the army a few years ag.
37. I'll tell him the news as sn as he ________ (cme) back.
38. Tm always ________ (think) much f thers, but little f himself.
39. Mr Black, tgether with his students, ________ (visit) the Science Museum nw.
40. There ________ (be) a League meeting the day after tmrrw.
41. My brther ________ (be) away frm hme fr three years.
42. When Black gt t the classrm, the first class ________ (begin).
43. I dn't knw if he ________ (cme). If he ________ (cme), please let me knw.
44. Tm said, "This pair f trusers ________ (be) mine!"
45. The stry ________ (take) place in 1985.
46. —Where is yur uncle?
—He________ (g) t the bank.
47. I usually ________ (d) my hmewrk in the evening.
48. If it ________ (nt rain) tmrrw, the League members f class ________ (plant) trees arund the lake?
49. I ________ (finish) my hmewrk by half past eight last night.
50. —What's in the lake?
—Sme bys ________ (swim) in the lake.
51. The USA ________ (attack) Iraq (伊拉克) in March, 2003.
52. My brther likes English very much, and he ________ (practice) reading every mrning.