2022年河南省百所名校高考英语压轴试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2022年河南省百所名校高考英语压轴试卷（含答案解析），共18页。试卷主要包含了81 ut f 10，每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；，只允许修改10处，多者不计分，【答案】D、C、D、C，【答案】C、B、C、D，Seen改为Seeing，manage改为managed等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
Art lvers knw that traveling is an excellent way t get a great lk at wrks f art f all different styles.Plenty f cities are full f museums and galleries,it can be hard t knw where yu want t visit first.But yu can chse ne accrding t its ranking.
In rder t rank the best cities fr art,the factrs taken int cnsideratin included the number f museums,galleries,sculptures,street art,and highly rated art clleges and universities.
Venice
It surely wn't cme as a surprise that Venice came in first place,with a scre f 6.81 ut f 10.The UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site is famus fr its lagn（湖）and incredible architecture that adrns（装饰）the entire city.It als has an impressive share f museums（183.3 per millin peple）and mnuments as well as statues（94 per millin peple）.
Miami
Lcated in Flrida,Miami was in secnd place.Mst peple assciate with its beaches,but it is a great art destinatin as well.It has 113.1 museums per millin peple,30，391 street art searches per millin peple,as well as 130，949 Instagram psts per millin peple.It is hme t many impressive museums including the Pérez Art Museum Miami.
Flrence
Anther Italian city tk third place：Flrence.The Tuscan city,knwn as the Cradle f the Renaissance,is hme t many incredible museums that huse icnic Renaissance art as well as mnuments and statues all ver the place.There are 204.5 museums per millin peple there.
Several United States cities made it in the tp 10，including San Francisc,cming in 5th place,as well as Sante Fe（number 7）and Seattle,which came in 8th place.Eurpean cities that made the list include Vienna in furth place,Berlin in 9th,and anther Italian city,Milan,runding ut the list in 10th place.
What factr affects little fr the ranking f the cities fr art？ ______
A. The number f museums.
B. The art clleges and universities.
C. The beautiful beaches.
D. Galleries and street art.
Hw des the authr intrduce the first three cities fr art？ ______
A. By listing figures.B. By citing instances.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By giving explanatins.
Which cntinent has the mst cities fr art amng the tp 10？ ______
A. Asia.B. Eurpe.C. Africa.D. America.
B
At just 19 years f age,the yung Belgium-British pilt,Zara Rutherfrd,aims t be the yungest wman t fly arund the wrld sl in a single-engine aircraft.If she succeeds,she will vertake Shaesta Waiz's wrld recrd t becme the yungest wman t fly arund the glbe sl.
Zara has been n the plane her whle life.Her mther is an amateur pilt,and her father is a prfessinal ne.Over 80 hurs f flight recrded and cuntless mre in the future,she received her pilt's license in 2020.
T pay fr her tw-mnth jurney,Zara has sld her car and sught ut different spnsrs（赞助商）.Als cncerned abut the envirnmental effects f her trip,she plans t spend ﹩710 n tree prjects t make up fr her carbn ftprint（碳排放量）.Her small,single-engine plane is custmized fr her needs and includes radi and satellite cmmunicatins.
Zara has faced challenges such as bad weather,being frced t fly lw ver the cean,and failing radi cntact. "I'm really happy t be n the grund,t be hnest," she says in a vide psted after her arrival in Kulusuk,Greenland. "The first little bit was fine,but then suddenly the cluds were getting lwer and lwer.At ne pint I was 600 feet abve the cean,which was pretty scary." She lst radi cntact 30 minutes int that trip and had tw hurs withut cmmunicatins.
While setting a wrld recrd is Zara's aim,her main purpse is t inspire thers.She said, "Grwing up,I was really int aviatin（航空），science,tech,engineering,and mathematics.But I didn't see many ther girls in thse fields." S,with this flight,she hpes t encurage and mtivate ther girls and yung wmen t pursue their dreams and reduce the gender（性别）gap in STEM.
What did Zara Rutherfrd d befre fr her flight？ ______
A. She reduced her carbn ftprint.
B. She asked her parents t supprt her.
C. She tk lng hurs f flight training.
D. She persnalized her plane fr her special needs.
What can we learn frm Paragraph 4？ ______
A. Being a pilt is a dangerus jb.
B. Zara was scared f flying ver the cean.
C. Zara successfully vercame sme difficulties.
D. The weather is very changeable in Greenland.
What des Zara Rutherfrd aim t d thrugh her flight？ ______
A. Prve her utstanding ability in flying.
B. Win fame as the wrld recrd breaker.
C. Encurage peple t g int aviatin.
D. Increase girls' cnfidence in STEM.
Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text？ ______
A. A girl's rad t becming a pilt.
B. A big step in reducing gender gap.
C. A girl's sl flight arund the wrld.
D. A girl's dream f travelling the wrld.
C
Scientists frm the University f Tsukuba designed a text message mediatin（调节）rbt that can help users cntrl their anger when receiving upsetting news.This device may help imprve scial interactins as we mve twards a wrld with increasingly digital cmmunicatins.
While a quick text message aplgy is a fast and easy way fr friends t let us knw they are ging t be late fr a planned meeting,it is ften missing the human factr that will accmpany an explanatin face-t-face,r even ver the phne.It is likely t be mre upsetting when we are nt able t ntice the emtinal weight behind ur friends' regret at making us wait.
Nw,researchers at the University f Tsukuba have built a rbt that they called OMOY，which was equipped with a mvable weight driven by mechanical parts inside its bdy.By shifting the internal weight,the rbt culd express simulated emtins（模拟情绪）.The rbt was designed as a mediatr fr reading text messages.A text with unwelcme r frustrating news culd be fllwed by a suggestin by OMOY t nt get upset,r even sympathy fr the user.
"With the medium f written digital cmmunicatin,the lack f scial feedback shift fcus frm the sender and nt the cntent f the message itself, " authr Prfessr Fumihide Tanaka says.The mediatr rbt was designed s that it can cntrl the user's anger and ther negative mtivatins.
The researchers tested 94 peple with a message like "I'm srry,I am late.The appintment slipped my mind.Can yu wait anther hur？" The team fund that OMOY was able t reduce negative emtins. "The mediatin rbt can relay（播放）a frustrating message fllwed by giving its wn pinin.When this speech is accmpanied by the apprpriate weight shifts,we saw that the user wuld feel the ‘intentin' f the rbt t help them calm dwn," Prfessr Tanaka says.
Why is OMOY designed？ ______
A. T send aplgy messages t friends n behalf f users.
B. T prvide users a way t avid receiving bad messages.
C. T shw sympathy t users by sending encuraging messages.
D. T help calm users dwn when they receive negative messages.
What des Paragraph 3 intend t tell us？ ______
A. Hw OMOY wrks.B. Hw OMOY judges bad messages.
C. Hw OMOY respnds t users.D. Hw OMOY chats with users.
What can we learn frm Tanaka's wrds？ ______
A. OMOY is ppular with all users.
B. OMOY is helpful t users in a way.
C. OMOY is the perfect rbt at present.
D. OMOY is sensitive t any messages.
In which sectin f a newspaper can we read this text？ ______
A. Lifestyle.B. Culture.C. Educatin.D. Technlgy.
D
Thanks t their ability fr intrspectin（反省），human beings are able t estimate hw lng their actins last.When they perfrm a task,especially a time-based task,they can evaluate their perfrmance and crrect themselves in rder t d better next time.This ability is nt unique t the human species.New research has just fr the first time that the rat can als d s!
Scientists develped a task in which rats were taught t press a lever（杠杆）fr at least 3.2 secnds.In a secnd stage,tw feeders distributed a reward accrding t the animal's perfrmance：if it cmpleted the task with a small errr,just abve 3.2 secnds,it received fd in the left feeder,and in case f a larger errr,in the right feeder.The rats thus learned that the lcatin f the reward depended n their accuracy.
In a third stage,the rats were given a chice f bth feeders,but the reward was nly distributed after they chse ne feeder.The result was that the rats chse the crrect side, ne in keeping with their tempral errr-"precise" fr the left-hand feeder r "nt precise" fr the right- hand ne-and,cnfident in finding fd there,they did this all the mre quickly.
The research team explains this behaviur by the animals' past experience（track recrd f rewards btained），but als by the rats' analysis f their perfrmance：during each trial,the rats evaluated the precisin with which they had carried ut the task requested and were able t engage in "errr mnitring."
Demnstrating this ability in rats pens drs t new kinds f animal research t better understand these behaviurs in humans.And future research will be able t deepen fundamental knwledge n brain structures invlved in ur internal representatin f time.
What des the underlined wrd "attested" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Challenged.B. Suspected.C. Prved.D. Analyzed.
If their task is finished in 3.3 secnds,the rats can ______ .
A. chse where t eat.B. eat in the left feeder.
C. eat in the right feeder.D. chse their favrite fd.
What did the scientists' experiment intend t shw？ ______
A. Rats can knw where fd is placed crrectly.
B. Rats can understand the thughts f human beings.
C. Rats can evaluate their perfrmance based n time.
D. Rats can find the right feeder quickly and accurately.
What's the authr's attitude twards the finding？ ______
A. Prejudicial.B. Neutral.C. Indifferent.D. Satisfied.
When dealing with a depressed family member,it can be hard t knw hw yu shuld act and what yu can d t help.If yu want t get alng with yur depressed family,yu shuld knw hw t apprach them.
(1) .If yu have figured ut that ne family member is struggling with depressin,it can seem like yu have smething t d with it.But it's nt yur fault. (2) .T be available t this persn and help him,it is imprtant t understand that it's nt persnal.
(3) .When yu are talking t depressed family members,yu have t keep in mind that they are dealing with an actual physical prblem.It can be tempting t blame their mental disrder n decisins they have made,but recgnizing that it's nt their fault can help yu be mre supprtive.
Yu shuld ffer supprt.Yur supprt is ne f the mst valuable things yu can ffer smene with depressin.Offering t let smene with depressin talk abut what they are feeling withut judging them is an imprtant part f recvery. (4) .
Yu shuld help them build a supprt system. (5) .Yu can get in tuch with yur friends t see if any f them have had depressin and t see if they can talk t yur family member.
A.But yu may think it's yur duty
B.Yur shuld send them t hspitals in time
C.It helps reduce their feelings f lneliness
D.Yu shuld acknwledge it's a physical illness
E.Yu shuld recgnize that their illness is nt yur fault
F.That means assisting them t find supprt frm mre peple
G.Depressin makes it hard fr peple t cnnect with their lved nes
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
I was a single mther wh lived with my daughter Peggy in a small apartment,struggling hard t meet ur needs.
One day,I headed t the dwntwn fr a（n）(21)，I sat dwn in the streetcar,and there (22) the seat was a silk umbrella,n which there was a name (23).Then I searched a telephne bk fr the name.I fund it immediately and called it,and then a lady(24)with extreme excitement. "It was my umbrella which had been stlen a year ag."，she said.
S (25)was her pleasure that I frgt I was lking fr a jb and went directly t her small huse.She tk the umbrella,with teary eyes,explaining with a（n）(26)vice that the umbrella was given by her parents,nw dead.Her happiness at regaining this special (27) was s great that accepting her reward wuld have (28) smething,s I refused her(29)and left.
The fllwing mnths were (30).I even lst my last jb befre Christmas.Thinking f this,I culdn't cntrl my tears,but I (31) t wear a smile s I culd greet my little daughter.She pened the dr fr me and(32)herself in my arms,screaming jyusly and demanding (33)fr her Christmas gift.There I std, (34)with great sadness.Suddenly,the drbell rang,it was a delivery man with his arms full f parcels.A nte (35) ne package caught my eyes.I picked up the nte,which (36) "Thanks fr yur returning f the umbrella.Merry Christmas!" It was sent by the lady. (37) the nte tightly,I was n the verge f tears.With a stream f(38) spreading thrugh my bdy.We just sat in ur small apartment (39) the gifts ne by ne in happiness.A sweet peace (40)me like a blessing,which made me hpeful again.
A. interviewB. interactinC. invitatinD. investment
A. abveB. againstC. frD. in
A. bundedB. tiedC. carvedD. decrated
A. answeredB. rangC. repliedD. respnded
A. slightB. preciusC. appealingD. puzzling
A. embarrassedB. inspiringC. frustratedD. chking
A. dreamB. prductC. pssessinD. frtune
A. recalledB. spiledC. cherishedD. wasted
A. gratitudeB. prmiseC. helpD. ffer
A. peacefulB. tughC. differentD. nrmal
A. failedB. arrangedC. hesitatedD. managed
A. threwB. ccupiedC. engagedD. absrbed
A. accidentallyB. desirablyC. secretlyD. casually
A. relaxedB. delightedC. frzenD. tuched
A. attached tB. addicted tC. devted tD. cmmitted t
A. wrteB. shwedC. markedD. read
A. SeeingB. PickingC. HldingD. Catching
A. warmB. anxietyC. sympathyD. trust
A. packingB. unwrappingC. addressingD. exchanging
A. ran intB. brke intC. gt intD. flded int
We live in a vast,cmplex wrld, (1) new species are being discvered all the time.Yet even as these (2) （ excite）creatures are being discvered,the increasing human ppulatin,climate change,habitat destructin,hunting and the ver-explitatin f wildlife mean cuntless numbers f animals are currently (3) （push）t the edge f extinctin.
Scientists have estimated that ver the curse f Earth's histry,anywhere between 1 and 4 billin species (4) （exist）.
The natural extinctin rate describes hw fast plants,mammals,birds and insects (5) （die）ff if humans weren't in the picture.It is estimated that tday species are disappearing at almst 1，000 (6) （time）the natural rate,meaning we're lsing arund 150-200 species every single day.
Chsing animals which are likely t g extinct befre yur children have the pprtunity (7) （see）them was a daunting task.
By nly picking 10，we had t leave (8) cuntless ther animals that are facing (9) （ similarity）depressing circumstances. (10) millins f ther species,many never knwn t science,are als likely t die ut in the cming decades.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last weekend,I went with my parents visit my uncle and aunt,that live in the cuntryside.Thugh it was a little far frm ur hme,we went there by bus.After abut tw hur,we gt there.Seeing us getting ff a bus,my uncle and aunt came t meet them gladly.They went t the pnd t catch up a fish and tried t kill a duck,t.Seen the lvely ducks playing happily in the yard,I manage t stp them by saying we didn't eat duck.In this way,I saved a duck successful and felt very happy.
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart fr shrt vides为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.分析优势与不足：
2.提出观看建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、A、B
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段 the factrs taken int cnsideratin included number f museums,galleries,sculptures,street art,and highly rated art clleges and universities.可知，美丽的沙滩不影响艺术城市排名。故选C。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三、四、五段的详细介绍可知，前三名的艺术城市都是通过列举多个数字进行介绍说明。故选A。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，结合3-5段，可知，欧洲的艺术城市在前十名中占多数。故选B。
本文是一篇广告布告类应用文，主要讲的是艺术爱好者都知道，旅行是欣赏各种不同风格艺术作品的绝佳方式。很多城市都有很多博物馆和画廊，你可能很难知道你想先去哪里。但是你可以根据它的排名来选择。
考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
4~7.【答案】D、C、D、C
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第三段Her small,single-engine plane is custmized fr her needs and includes radi and satellite cmmunicatins.（她的小型单引擎飞机是根据她的需要定制的，包括无线电和卫星通信。）可知，为了完成这次飞行，她根据自己的需要对飞机进行了一些改装。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第四段的内容Zara has faced challenges such as bad weather,being frced t fly lw ver the cean,and failing radi cntact. （Zara面临着诸如恶劣天气、被迫在海洋上空低空飞行以及无线电联络失败等挑战。）可知，从第4段中得知Zara在她的旅行途中克服了很多困难。故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段S,with this flight,she hpes t encurage and mtivate ther girls and yung wmen t pursue their dreams and reduce the gender gap in STEM.（因此，通过这次飞行，她希望鼓励和激励其他女孩和年轻女性追求梦想，缩小STEM中的性别差距。）可知，通过此次飞行，她想增强女孩子们在STEM 学科的信心，鼓励她们勇敢追梦。故选D。
（4）C.标题归纳题。本文讲述了十九岁女孩Zara Rutherfrd独自开飞机绕地球飞行一圈的故事。文章的最佳标题是：一个女孩独自环球飞行。故选C。
本文讲述了十九岁女孩Zara Rutherfrd独自开飞机绕地球飞行一圈的故事。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。
8~11.【答案】D、A、B、D
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句Scientists frm the University f Tsukuba designed a text message mediatin （调节） rbt that can help users cntrl their anger when receiving upsetting news. （筑波大学的科学家们设计了一款短信调解机器人，可以帮助用户在收到令人沮丧的消息时控制自己的愤怒情绪。）以及最后一段的第一句 The researchers tested 94 peple with a message like I'm srry,I am late.The appintment slipped my mind.Can yu wait anther hur？" The team fund that OMOY was able t reduce negative emtins. （研究人员用一条像对不起，我迟到了，我把约会给忘了。你能再等一个小时吗？这样的信息信息对94人进行了测试，研究小组发现，OMOY能够减少负面情绪。）可知，OMOY被设计出来是为了在用户收到负面信息时，帮助他们冷静下来。故选D项。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三段后三句By shifting the internal weight,the rbt culd express simulated emtins （模拟情绪）.The rbt was designed as a mediatr fr reading text messages.A text with unwelcme r frustrating news culd be fllwed by a suggestin by OMOY t nt get upset,r even sympathy fr the user. （通过移动机器人内部的重量，机器人可以表达模拟的情绪。该机器人被设计为阅读文本信息的中介。一条不受欢迎或令人沮丧的消息之后，OMOY可能会建议不要难过，甚至同情用户。）可知，通过改变内部重量，机器人可以表达模拟的情绪，作为阅读短信的中介物，它还会劝用户不要难过，甚至同情用户。由此可以推出，第三段打算告诉我们OMOY是如何工作的。故选A项。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段的"The mediatin rbt can relay （播放） a frustrating message fllwed by giving its wn pinin.When this speech is accmpanied by the apprpriate weight shifts,we saw that the user wuld feel the "intentin" f the rbt t help them calm dwn,"Prfessr Tanaka says. （田中教授说，"调解机器人可以传递令人沮丧的信息，然后给出自己的意见。当这个言语伴随着适当的重心转移时，我们发现用户会感觉到机器人想帮助他们平静下来的 "意图"。）知，OMOY在某种程度上对用户是有好处的，能帮助客户平静负面心情。故选B项。
（4）D.文章出处题。通读全文，本文介绍了一款机器人，它能在阅读短信时给人传递情感的印象。它还可以提醒用户不要难过，这可能有助于他们处理不愉快的信息。由此可以推出，本文有可能出现在报纸的技术板块。A.Lifestyle生活方式；B.Culture文化；C.Educatin教育；D.Technlgy技术。故选D项。
本文为一篇说明文。筑波大学的科学家们设计了一款短信调解机器人OM0 Y，可以帮助用户在收到令人沮丧的消息时控制自己的愤怒情绪，这是一个有助于改善社交互动的设备。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】C、B、C、D
【解析】（1）C.词义猜测题。根据最后一段Demnstrating this ability in rats pens drs t new kinds f animal research t better understand these behavirs in humans.（在老鼠身上展示这种能力为新的动物研究打开了大门，以更好地了解人类的这些行为。）可知本句This ability is nt unique t the human species.New research has just fr the first time that the rat can als d s!的意思是：这种能力并非人类独有。新的研究刚刚首次证明，老鼠也能做到这一点！因此划线词语的意思是"证实"。A.Challenged挑战；B.Suspected怀疑；C.Prved证明；D.Analyzed分析。故选C。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第二段if it cmpleted the task with a small errr,just abve 3.2 secnds,it received fd in the left feeder.（如果它在3.2秒以上的时间内以一个小错误完成了任务，它就会在左侧喂食器中接收食物。）可知，如果它在完成任务时出现一个小错误，刚好超过3.2秒，它就会在左边的喂食器中收到食物，由此可以推出，如果老鼠的任务在3.3秒内完成，它们能在左边的喂食器里吃到东西。故选B。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第一段的最后两句This ability is nt unique t the human species.New research has just fr the first time that the rat can als d s!（这种能力并非人类独有。新的研究刚刚首次证明，老鼠也能做到这一点。）可知，这种能力并不是人类独有的。一项新的研究首次证实，老鼠也可以这样做，因此科学家用实验证明这个这个理论。因此可以推出，科学家的实验是为了证实老鼠可以评估自己的基于时间的表现。故选C。
（4）D.观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者对这次的研究成果是满意的。A.Prejudicial偏见的；B.Neutral中立的；C.Indifferent漠不关心的；D.Satisfied满意的。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究，首次证实老鼠也可以这样做，因此科学家用实验证明这个这个理论。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】E、G、D、C、F
【解析】（1）E.推理判断题。根据下一句If yu have figured ut that ne family member is struggling with depressin,it can seem like yu have smething t d with it.But it's nt yur fault. （如果你已经发现一个家庭成员正在与抑郁症作斗争，那么你似乎与之有关。但这不是你的错。）可知此处强调的是"这不是你的错"。所以E.Yu shuld recgnize that their illness is nt yur fault（你应该认识到他们的病不是你的错。）符合语境。故选E。
（2）G.推理判断题。根据下一句T be available t this persn and help him,it is imprtant t understand that it's nt persnal.（为了能够帮助此人，重要的是要了解这不是针对个人的。）可知此处说的是抑郁症患者不是个人的事情，与亲人有联系。所以G.Depressin makes it hard fr peple t cnnect with their lved nes（抑郁症使人们很难与亲人联系。）符合语境。故选 G。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据下一句When yu are talking t depressed family members,yu have t keep in mind that they are dealing with an actual physical prblem.（当你与抑郁的家庭成员交谈时，你必须记住他们正在处理一个实际的身体问题。）可知此处的关键词是"physical"。所以D.Yu shuld acknwledge it's a physical illness（你应该承认这是一种身体疾病。）符合语境。故选D。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据上一句Offering t let smene with depressin talk abut what they are feeling withut judging them is an imprtant part f recvery.（让抑郁症患者谈论自己的感受，而不去评判他们，这是康复的重要组成部分。）可知此处说的是"提供支持"带来的好的效果。所以C.It helps reduce their feelings f lneliness（这有助于减轻他们的孤独感。）符合语境。故选C。
（5）F.细节理解题。根据上一句Yu shuld help them build a supprt system.（你应该帮助他们建立一个支持系统。）可知此处说的是"寻求更多人的支持"。所以F.That means assisting them t find supprt frm mre peple（这意味着帮助他们寻求更多人的支持。）符合语境。故选F。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何帮助一个抑郁的家庭成员。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】A、B、C、A、C、D、C、B、D、B、D、A、B、C、A、D、C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.interview面试，采访；B.interactin交互；C.invitatin邀请；D.investment投资。句意：有一天，我去市区采访，在有轨电车里坐下来，（发现）一把绸伞靠在椅子上，伞上刻着一个名字。由第三段第一句"S（5）____was her pleasure that 1 frgt I was lking fr a jb and went directly t her small huse."可知，我本来要去市区进行面试找工作，故选A项。
（2）B.考查介词及语境理解。A.abve在……上面；B.against倚着，靠；C.fr给，为；D.in在……里。句意：有一天，我去市区采访，在有轨电车里坐下来，（发现）一把绸伞靠在椅子上，伞上刻着名字。根据空后的"the seat was a silk umbrella"可知，我是在有轨电车里发现伞的，而伞依靠在椅子上。故选B项。
（3）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.bund跳跃；B.tied系，扎，捆；C.carved雕，刻；D.decrated装饰。句意：一天，我去市区采访，在有轨电车里坐下来，（发现）一把绸伞靠在椅子上，伞上刻着一个名字。根据空前的"there was a name"可知，伞上做了标记，刻有主人的名字。故选C项。
（4）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.answered接电话；B.rang打电话；C.replied（以行动）作出回应；D.respnded（口头或书面）回答，回应。句意：我立刻找到了伞主人的电话，并拨打了电话，然后一位女士兴奋地接了电话。那是我一年前被偷走的伞。根据后半句"It was my umbrella which had been stlen a year ag."可知，我拨打电话，而这位女士接了我的电话，且进行了交流。故选A项。
（5）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.slight轻微的；B.precius宝贵的；C.appealing有感染力的；D.puzzling令人迷惑的。句意：她的快乐如此有感染力，以至于我忘记了我正在找工作，直接去了她的小房子。由第二段最后一句"Then I searched a telephne bk fr the name.I fund it immediately and called it,and then a lady（4）____ with extreme excitement."可知，这位女士的伞失而复得，她非常兴奋、快乐，这份情绪也感染到了我。故选C项。
（6）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.embarrassed尴尬的，窘迫的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.frustrated挫败的，沮丧的；D.chking哽咽的，透不过气的。句意：她接过伞，泪眼摩挲，哽咽地解释，伞是她的父母当年给她的，现在两人都已去世了。根据句意可知，伞失而复得，但是赠送伞的父母都已不在，物是人非，令这位女士哭得哽噎住了。故选D项。
（7）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦，梦想；B.prduct产品；C.pssessin个人财产，所有物；D.frtune好运，财富。句意：对重新拥有这一特殊的财产令她那么开心，以至于（我觉得）接受她的酬谢会破坏一些东西，所以我拒绝了她给的酬谢，离开了。根据上文"She tk the umbrella,with teary eyes.explaining with a （n）（6）____ vice that the umbrella was given by her parents,nw dead."可知，这把伞是父母留给她，她视作为自己的特殊的财产。故选C项。
（8）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.recalled回想起；B.spiled破坏，糟蹋；C.cherished重视，珍视；D.wasted浪费。句意：对重新拥有这一特殊的财产令她那么开心，以至于（我觉得）接受她的酬谢会破坏某种东西，所以我拒绝了她给的酬谢，离开了。由句意可知，这位女士睹物思人，此时此景，我不宜破坏这个氛围。故选B项。
（9）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.gratitude感谢；B.prmise承诺；C.help帮助；D.ffer主动提议，提供。句意：对重新拥有这一特殊的财产令她那么开心，以至于（我觉得）接受她的酬谢会破坏某种东西，所以我拒绝了她给的酬谢，离开了。根据上文的"accepting her reward"可推知，这位女士主动提供了酬谢。故选D项。
（10）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.peaceful平静的；B.tugh艰难的，困苦的，难熬的；C.different不同的；D.nrmal正常的。句意：接下来的几个月很艰难。由第一段"I was a single mther wh lived with my daughter Peggy in a small apartment,struggling hard t meet ur needs."可知，母女俩本就艰难，由下文"even lst my last jb befre Christmas.Thinking f this,I culdn't cntrl my tears,but I （11）____ t wear a smile s I culd greet my little daughter."可知，圣诞前最后一份工作也丢了，想哭却还得在孩子面前强颜欢笑，日子过得很煎熬。故选B项。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.failed失败；B.arranged安排；C.hesitated犹豫；D.managed设法。句意：想到这里，我无法控制自己的眼泪。但我还是勉强露出微笑和我的小女儿打招呼。根据句意，我想哭，但是面对孩子，还得强颜欢笑。短语manage t d sth意为"设法做成某事"。故选D项。
（12）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.threw将……投向（某人）；B.ccupied忙于……的，从事……的；C.engaged从事……的，忙于……的；D.absrbed使全神贯注。句意：她打开门，扑进我的怀里，高兴地尖叫着，渴望地向我索要她的圣诞礼物。短语thrw neself in my arms意为"投入我的怀抱"。故选A项。
（13）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.accidentally意外地，偶然地；B.desirably令人想往地；C.secretly私底下地，秘密地；D.casually漫不经心地。句意：她打开门，扑进我的怀里，高兴地尖叫着，渴望地向我索要她的圣诞礼物。由前一句"I even lst my last jb befre Christmas."可知，圣诞节到了，孩子渴望得到圣诞礼物。故选B项。
（14）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxed轻松的；B.delighted开心的；C.frzen吓呆的，惊呆的；D.tuched受感动的，感激的。句意：我站在，因巨大的悲伤而僵在那。由前文"I even lst my last jb befre Christmas"以及上一句"She pened the dr fr me and（12）____herself in my arms.screaming jyusly and demanding （13）____fr her Christmas gift."可知，单亲妈妈，圣诞节前丢了工作，家里入不敷出，我能假装微笑面对孩子，但此时孩子还渴望圣诞礼物，所以更加悲伤而僵在那里。故选C项。
（15）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.attached t被固定在……上，把……附在……上；B.addicted t沉迷于；C.devted t专心于……；D.cmmitted t致力于……。句意：附在一个包裹上的便条引起了我的注意。根据句意可知，包裹上附带着一张便条。故选A项。
（16）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.wrte写；B.shwed显示，表明；C.marked做记号；D.read有……的字样，写着。句意：我拿起那张纸条，上面写着："谢谢你把伞还给我。圣诞快乐!"write一般用人做主语；什么东西上写有什么内容，用read。故选D项。
（17）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.Seeing看见；B.Picking采摘；C.Hlding抓住，托住，拿着；D.Catching抓住，捉住。句意：紧紧地捏着便条，我几乎要哭了，一股暖流在我的身上蔓延。根据下文"We just sat in ur small apartment（19）____ the gifts ne by ne in happiness."可知，那位女士的圣诞礼物解了我们的燃眉之急，拿着便条我很激动感动。故选C项。
（18）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.warmth温暖；B.anxiety焦虑，忧虑；C.sympathy同情；D.trust信任。句意：紧紧地捏着便条，我几乎要哭了，一股暖流在我的身上蔓延。那位女士的圣诞礼物解了我们的燃眉之急，我很感动，感觉到了被人关爱的温暖。故选A项。
（19）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.packing包装；B.unwrapping打开；C.addressing演说，设法解决；在（信封、包裹等）上写姓名和地址；D.exchanging交换，交流。句意：我们就坐在我们的小公寓里，幸福地把礼物一件一件地打开来。根据上文" it was a delivery man with his arms full f parcels."可知，圣诞节收到很多包裹，一家人在一个个拆开了。故选B项。
（20）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.ran int撞到，偶遇；B.brke int闯入，破门而入；C.gt int钻进，走进；D.flded int涌入。句意：一种甜蜜的平静像祝福一样涌进我的内心，它使我再次充满希望。由句意可知，幸福来得太突然，这使原本悲伤无助的我内心充满甜蜜的平静，对生活又充满了希望。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在坐有轨电车去面试找工作时，作者现了一把伞，并想办法送还给了伞的主人，并且拒绝了对方的酬谢。在圣诞节前，作者窘迫无助时，收到了伞的主人送的圣诞礼物，令作者看到了新的希望。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】where
【小题2】exciting
【小题3】being pushed
【小题4】have existed
【小题5】wuld die
【小题6】times
【小题7】t see
【小题8】ut
【小题9】similar
【小题10】But
【解析】（1）where.考查非限定性定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个巨大而复杂的世界里，在这里新物种不断被发现。分析句子结构，wrld为先行词，后接非限定性定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，空处应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
（2）exciting.考查形容词。句意：然而，就在这些令人兴奋的生物被发现的同时，不断增长的人口、气候变化、栖息地破坏、狩猎和对野生动物的过度捕食意味着无数的动物目前正被推向灭绝的边缘。空处修饰名词creatures,应用形容词作定语，此处表示事物本身的性质或特征，所以用exciting,表示"令人兴奋的"。故填exciting。
（3）being pushed.考查动词时态和语态。句意：然而，就在这些令人兴奋的生物被发现的同时，不断增长的人口、气候变化、栖息地破坏、狩猎和对野生动物的过度捕食意味着无数的动物目前正被推向灭绝的边缘。根据句子结构，动词mean后接宾语从句，根据时间状语currently可知，从句应用现在进行时，push与逻辑主语animals之间为动宾关系，所以谓语动词用现在进行时的被动语态be being dne。空前有are,故填being pushed。
（4）have existed.考查时态及主谓一致。句意：科学家们估计，在地球的历史进程中，存在过10亿到40亿物种。谓语动词estimated后接的是宾语从句，根据时间状语ver the curse f Earth's histry可知，从句中应用现在完成时态；主语between 1 and 4 billin species为复数，助动词用have。故填have existed。
（5）wuld die.考查虚拟语气。句意：自然灭绝率描述了如果没有人类，植物、哺乳动物、鸟类和昆虫的灭绝速度会有多快。根据句意及后面的if humans weren't in the picture,可知，本句描述的与现在事实相反，主句中谓语动词应用wuld d,故填wuld die。
（6）times.考查可数名词复数。句意：据估计，如今物种消失的速度几乎是自然速度的1000倍，这意味着我们每天大约失去150到200个物种。空前有数词1000修饰，设空处应用可数名词复数times,表示"倍"。故填times。
（7）t see.考查动词不定式。句意：选择那些可能在你的孩子有机会看到它们之前就灭绝的动物是一项艰巨的任务。have the pprtunity t d sth是固定表达，表示"有机会做某事"，空处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词pprtunity,故填t see。
（8）ut.考查固定短语。句意：我们只选择了10种动物，却没有考虑到无数其他正面临同样令人沮丧境况的动物。leave ut是固定短语，意为"不考虑，不包括"。故填ut。
（9）similar.考查形容词。句意：我们只选择了10种动物，却没有考虑到无数其他正面临同样令人沮丧境况的动物。根据句子结构，空处修饰名词circumstances,应用形容词，similarity的形容词为similar,为前置定语。故填similar。
（10）But.考查连词。句意：但是，数以百万计的其他物种，其中许多从未为科学所知，也可能在未来几十年灭绝。根据上文，我们只是忽略了无数其他正面临同样令人沮丧境况的动物，但是更多的人类尚未发现的物种也在消失，只是我们不知道而已。可知，设空前后为转折关系，应填转折连词but,位于句首，应首字母大写。故填But。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新物种不断被发现，但是无数的物种目前正因为人类活动而被推向灭绝的边缘。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】Last weekend,I went with my parents∧ visit my uncle and aunt, live in the cuntryside. it was a little far frm ur hme,we went there by bus.After abut tw ，we gt there.Seeing us getting ff bus,my uncle and aunt came t meet gladly.They went t the pnd t catch up a fish and tried t kill a duck,t. the lvely ducks playing happily in the yard,I t stp them by saying we didn't eat duck.In this way,I saved a duck and felt very happy.
详解：
1.visit前加t.考查动词不定式。句意：上个周末，我和我的父母去看望我的叔叔和阿姨，他们住在农村。went为谓语动词，后接动词不定式表目的，故visit前加t。
2.tha改为wh.考查定语从句。句意：上个周末，我和我的父母去看望我的叔叔和阿姨，他们住在农村。先行词my uncle and aunt,后接非限定性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh。故将that改为wh。
3.Thugh改为Because.考查从属连词。句意：因为离我们家有点远，我们还是乘公共汽车去的。前半句是后半句"we went there by bus."的原因，应用从属连词because,因在句首，首字母应大写。故将Thugh改为Because。
4.hur改为hurs.考查可数名词复数。句意：大约两个小时后，我们到了那里。根据数词tw,后接名词复数，故将hur改为hurs。
5.a改为the.考查定冠词。句意：看到我们下车，我的叔叔和阿姨高兴地来迎接我们。上文提及"we went there by bus"可知，此处为复现，应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
6.them改为us.考查人称代词的宾格。句意：看到我们下车，我的叔叔和阿姨高兴地来迎接我们。根据语境，叔叔阿姨来接"我们"，故将them改为us。
7.删除up.考查介词。句意：他们去池塘抓鱼，还设法宰了一只鸭子。catch为及物动词，直接加宾语，故删除up。
8.Seen改为Seeing.考查现在分词。句意：看到可爱的鸭子在院子里快乐地玩耍，我设法阻止他们，说我们不吃鸭子。managed为谓语动词，前半句为非谓语动词，see与逻辑主语I为主谓关系，应用现在分词，故将Seen改为Seeing。
9.manage改为managed.考查时态。句意：看到可爱的鸭子在院子里快乐地玩耍，我设法阻止他们，说我们不吃鸭子。陈述过去发生的事，用一般过去时态，故将manage改为managed。
10.successful改为successfully.考查副词。句意：就这样，我成功地救了一只鸭子，感到非常高兴。修饰动词用副词，故将successful改为successfully。
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了上周末，作者一家去乡下叔叔家，作者看着鸭子可爱，阻止叔叔婶婶宰鸭子款待他们，从而救了鸭子一命。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Be smart fr shrt vides With the ppularity f the different Apps,watching shrt vides is being accepted by mre and mre peple.（点明主题）
The reasns are as fllws.First f all,it is cnvenient since we can enjy whatever we need whenever necessary and wherever we are,as lng as we have an access t the Internet.Secndly,cmpared with watching films r TV prgrams,watching shrt vides takes a little time,which is gd news fr thse wh have limited time.【高分句型一】Besides,watching shrt vides can make yu relaxed；even learn different kinds f infrmatin.Hwever,we must be aware f the pssibility that sme teenagers may get addicted in them withut effective supervisin.【高分句型二】（分析优势与不足）
Therefre,I think it significant fr parents t supervise teenagers befre helping them develp a gd habit f using the Apps.（提出观看建议）
【解析】高分句型一：Secndly,cmpared with watching films r TV prgrams,watching shrt vides takes a little time,which is gd news fr thse wh have limited time.
翻译：其次，与看电影或电视节目相比，看短片需要一点时间，这对那些时间有限的人来说是个好消息。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句以及wh引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Hwever,we must be aware f the pssibility that sme teenagers may get addicted in them withut effective supervisin.
翻译：然而，我们必须意识到，如果没有有效的监督，一些青少年可能会沉迷其中。
分析：本句使用了that引导的同位语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。