2022合肥九中高三上学期第一次阶段测验英语试题含解析

这是一份2022合肥九中高三上学期第一次阶段测验英语试题含解析
安徽省合肥市第九中学2022届高三上学期第一次阶段测验英语试题时间：120分钟 总分：150分第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the girl going to do this weekend?A. Collect empty bottles. B. Go on a field trip. C. Buy uniforms.2. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Try a different website. B. Sign up to be a member.C. Choose movies at home on TV.3. Why has the woman moved the boy?A. He talks too much. B. He can’t see clearly. C. He has trouble in listening.4.How often does the man work out now?A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every other day.5. Who is the woman probably speaking to?A. Her good friend. B. Her doctor. C. Her personal trainer.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。6. Where does the conversation take place?A. In an office downtown. B. In an apartment downtown. C. In an apartment in the East End.7. What does the man want to do now?A. Get to work. B. Go to a restaurant. C. Visit the woman’s company.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。8. When did the speakers’ parents get married?A. 15 years ago. B. 30 years ago. C. 35 years ago.9. What will the speakers do for the wedding anniversary?A. Send their parents on a trip. B. Have a little wedding ceremony.C. Invite some new friends to a party.10. Who will send out the invitation emails?A. The man. B. Mom and Dad. C. The woman.听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。11. How does the woman feel about her job?A. Satisfied. B. Unhappy. C. Excited.12. What does the man do for a living?A. He is a doctor. B. He works as a lawyer. C. He owns his business.13. When will the woman take some time off?A. In the spring. B. In the summer. C. In the winter.听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。14. How does the girl spend her day?A. Playing ball games. B. Talking with her friends.C. Sharing pictures with her friends.15. What best describes the man’s work?A. Technological. B. Financial. C. Medical.16. What is the man’s main concern about Meitu?A. It’s making his daughter less smart. B. It’s an old technology.C. It isn’t very private.17. What might happen in the end?A. The girl will have to delete Meitu.B. The man will allow the girl to use Meitu.C The man will send his daughter to a different school.听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。18. Which type of ski run is fit for beginners?A Green-circle. B. Blue-square. C. Black-diamond.19. What do we know about Whistler Blackcomb Mountain Resort?A. There are no instructors there.B. Visitors can take cable cars there.C. Cabins there are in the center of the forest.20. How can visitors get the best prices?A. By calling the resort directly. B. By going to the sales desk.C. By booking through the website.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe World's Coolest BookstoresWhere did you buy your last book? Chances are that you bought it on the Internet. But if you did, you missed the extraordinary experience of browsing in a real bookstore. These days bookstores offer lots of great books and plenty more.Taipei's Eslite Dunnan StoreTime magazine once named Eslite Dunnan Store in Taipei "Asia's best bookstore ". One visit to the store tells you why. The store, spreading across five floors, offers a combination of restaurants, music and over 200,000 books. With its cosy reading spots, visitors sometimes say it's like a library. Others have called it the " 7-Eleven of bookstores" because it's open 24 hours a day.Book GardenThe world's biggest bookstore is Tehran, Iran's Book Garden with 700,000 square feet of space. In addition to restaurants and a theater, the Book Garden features a park on the roof.Libreria Acqua AltaVenice, Italy, is a city surrounded by water. It seems that one of its most interesting bookstores is Libreria Acqua Alta. Its books are displayed in all things related to water such as boats, bathtubs and more.La Caverne aux LivresLa Caverne aux Livres—the cave of books—was once a train. Today this unique French bookstore, located north of Paris, is home to thousands of second-hand books.Bart's BooksMany readers like to sit inside with a good book. But at Bart's Books in California, guests can enjoy a good book and some fresh air. Bart's Books is believed to be the largest independently-owned outdoor bookstore in the US.Whether you enjoy reading inside or outside, there's always an interesting bookstore to be discovered.1. What is special about Taipei's Eslite Dunnan Store?A. You can visit this bookstore at any time of the day.B. You can take books from this store free of charge.C. There are places where you can enjoy your meal.D. It is characterized by a park directly on its roof.2. What will you probably do in La Caverne aux Livres?A. Admire landmarks of Paris in the distance.B. Search for some information about trains.C. Enjoy a good book and outdoor scenery.D. Browse a huge number of used books.3. What is the writer's purpose in writing the text?A. To urge people to read books inside and outside.B. To encourage people to go to the real bookstores.C. To inspire booksellers to open creative bookstores.D. To appeal to booksellers to pay attention to this list.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，短文介绍了世界上最好的几家书店。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Taipei's Eslite Dunnan Store 中最后一句“ Others have called it the "7-Eleven of bookstores" because it's open 24 hours a day”有人把它称为“书店中的7- 11”，因为它是24小时营业的。可知，台北诚品书店特别之处在于它24小时营业，也就是说你可以在一天中的任何时候参观这家书店。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据La Caverne aux Livres中最后一句“ Today this unique French bookstore, located north of Paris, is home to thousands of second-hand books”如今，这家位于巴黎北部的独特的法国书店是成千上万本二手书的家园。可知，在法国的La Caverne aux Livres书店，你可以浏览大量的二手书。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ But if you did, you missed the extraordinary experience of browsing in a real bookstore. These days bookstores offer lots of great books and plenty more.”但如果你这样做了，你就错过了在真正的书店里浏览的非凡体验。现在的书店有很多好书，甚至更多。和最后一段“Whether you enjoy reading inside or outside, there's always an interesting bookstore to be discovered.”无论你喜欢室内还是室外阅读，总有一家有趣的书店等着你去发现。可知，作者通过这篇文章的描述来鼓励人们去真正的书店，享受读书的乐趣。故选B项。BI was 29 when my brother-in-law said to me "It would be nice if one day you could make use of your education. "I had a degree and an MA (Master of Arts) in creative writing which, as far as I was concerned, I used every day-reading novels, trying to write novels, arguing about politics, interpreting the meanings in French cinema, and generally leading an examined life. But my brother-in-law, who left school at 18, didn't understand why, as a journalist, I was bringing home less than half the salary he earned in the hospitality(餐饮) industry. I thought of my brother-in-law's comment this week when the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) released figures showing that, on average, male arts graduates earn less at the age of 29 than their non-graduate peers. Graduates of the same age overall are only earning 6% more than non-graduates. For women, the figure is 26%, but earnings growth for women overall is lower, so the benefits from going to university are greater. The IFS figures drew a predictable response from the universities minister Sam Gyimah, who listed some courses of arts degrees at certain universities that are not delivering the financial outcomes for students and threatened to punish institutions that don't improve students’ earning prospects. This attack on arts degrees raises fundamental questions about what we want from education and, indeed, from life. No one can deny that arts degrees give students the skills to speak and buy them time to work out what they want to say and how to say it. Studying Freud, or reading James Joyce or Toni Morrison for the first time, introduces students to ideas that challenge their intellectual prejudices, as well as the consensus(共识) of the society around them. The value of an arts degree in life is incalculable.4. What does the author think of his major according to paragraph 1?A. Hopeless. B. Unrealistic. C. Ordinary. D. Meaningful.5. What do the IFS data indicate?A. Men graduates earn less than non-graduate peers.B. Women graduates earn less than non-graduates.C. The income increase rate for women is much higher.D. Women benefit more from getting college education.6. How did Sam Gyimah respond to the IFS figures?A. He put pressure on some institutions.B. He punished some institutions.C. He bettered students' earning prospects.D. He accused colleges of giving false hope.7. What does the text suggest people do about degrees?A. Challenge their intellectual prejudices. B. Consider what they expect of life.C. Work out what they want to say. D. Think if they can make money.【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是一个艺术学位在生活中的价值是无法估量的。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“I had a degree and an MA (Master of Arts) in creative writing which, as far as I was concerned, I used every day-reading novels, trying to write novels, arguing about politics, interpreting the meanings in French cinema, and generally leading an examined life”（我有创意写作的学位和文学硕士学位，就我而言，我每天都在阅读小说，尝试写小说，讨论政治，解读法国电影的意义，过着反思的生活）可推断出作者觉得自己的专业是有意义的，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“For women, the figure is 26%, but earnings growth for women overall is lower, so the benefits from going to university are greater”（对于女性来说，这个数字是26%，但总体上女性的收入增长较低，因此上大学的好处更大）可知，IFS的数据显示，女性从大学教育中获益更多，故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The IFS figures drew a predictable response from the universities minister Sam Gyimah, who listed some courses of arts degrees at certain universities that are not delivering the financial outcomes for students and threatened to punish institutions that don't improve students’ earning prospects”（IFS的数据得到了大学部长萨姆·吉玛(Sam Gyimah)意料中的回应，他列出了某些大学的一些文科学位课程，这些课程没有给学生带来经济效益，并威胁要惩罚那些不能改善学生收入前景的机构）可知，Sam Gyimah对IFS的数据作出的回应是他对一些机构施加了压力，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“This attack on arts degrees raises fundamental questions about what we want from education and, indeed, from life”（这种对艺术学位的攻击提出了一个根本性的问题：我们想从教育，实际上，从生活中得到什么）可知，文章建议人们在考虑学位时要考虑他们对生活的期望，故选B。CCould looking through trees be the view to a greener future? Trees replacing the clear glass in your windows is not a work of science fiction. It's happening now.Forest Products Laboratory researcher Junyong Zhu together with colleagues from the University of Maryland and University of Colorado has developed a transparent wood material that may be the window of tomorrow. Researchers found that transparent wood has the potential to outperform glass currently used in construction in nearly every way.While glass is the most common material used in window construction, it comes with quite a few bad consequences. Heat easily transfers through glass and amounts to higher energy bills when it escapes during cold weather and pours in when it's warm. Glass production used for construction also comes with a heavy carbon footprint. Manufacturing emissions alone are approximately 25,000 metric tons per year, without considering the heavy footprint of transporting the glass.The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and Central America. The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath, where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure. The wood is then penetrated（注入）with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol（PVA）, creating a product that is virtually transparent. So the transparent wood is created, which is far more durable and lighter than glass.Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well. It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass. cutting energy costs. It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions.With all of these potential benefits for consumers, manufacturing and the environment, the case for transparent wood couldn't be clearer.8. What is the main problem with glass used in window construction?A. It is inefficient in letting heat out.B. It does not reflect light and heat.C. It cause a high ecological costD. It is inconvenient to transport.9. What does the underlined part "a bleach solution" refer to?A. A liquid to make objects white.B. A process to solve problems.C. A container to store liquids.D. A way to make colors fade.10. What does paragraph 4 focus on?A. How to make things transparentB. How to produce the new material.C. The benefits of the wood material.D. The great importance of innovation.11. What is the author's attitude towards transparent wood?A. Skeptical. B. Ambiguous.C. Conservative. D. Appreciative.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，研究发明了一种新型材料，透明的木材被创造出来，它比玻璃更耐用，也更轻。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Heat easily transfers through glass and amounts to higher energy bills when it escapes during cold weather and pours in when it's warm. Glass production used for construction also comes with a heavy carbon footprint. Manufacturing emissions alone are approximately 25,000 metric tons per year without considering the heavy footprint of transporting the glass”热量很容易通过玻璃传递，当它在寒冷的天气中逃逸，在温暖的天气中涌入时，会导致更高的能源账单。用于建筑的玻璃生产也带来了沉重的碳足迹。如果不考虑玻璃运输的沉重足迹，仅制造业每年的排放量就约为25,000公吨。可知，玻璃窗户会产生更高的能源账单，有严重的碳足迹，说明玻璃窗户的主要问题是不利于环境、生态代价高。故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“The team treated balsa wood to an oxidizing bath, where the wood is kept in a bleach solution at room temperature to remove the light-absorbing substance from the structure”研究小组将巴尔沙木材处理到氧化浴中，在室温下将木材保存在漂白剂溶液中，以去除结构上的吸光物质。 研究小组将巴尔沙木材置于a bleach solution 中可知，solution 是一种液体，且能去除结构中的吸光物质。结合常识，白色不吸光，所以巴尔沙木材会变白，可得出a bleach solution 是一种能让物体变白的液体。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。第四段最后一句“So the transparent wood is created, which is far more durable and lighter than glass.” 因此，透明的木材被创造出来，它比玻璃更耐用，也更轻。本句话是对这一段内容的总结：如何生产出这种新型材料。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“With all of these potential benefits for consumers, manufacturing and the environment, the case for transparent wood couldn't be clearer” 由于透明木材对消费者、制造业和环境都有潜在的好处，使用透明木材的理由再清楚不过了。可知，作者认为透明木材对消费者、制造业和环境有潜在好处，说明作者对透明木材持欣赏的（Appreciative）态度。故选D项。DSummer floods are an annual occurrence for many cities across China. According to the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, in 2012, urban flooding affected 184 cities, while in 2013 the number was 234, and last year it was 125, it said. Now, new measures are being introduced to reduce loss of life and the economic damage caused by flooding. One of the most effective measures to increase the efficiency of storm drains in cities would be to reduce the storm-water runoff and raise the levels of water filtration（过滤）and conservation in urban areas, experts said. To solve the problem of urban flooding once and for all, the central government has decided to push forward the "Sponge City" program, which in part borrows the experiences of low-impact development from the United States and Canada in recent years.The program will allow at least 60 percent of rainwater to soak into the ground, rather than being discharged into rivers. The level of filtration could be further raised in some areas with low levels of rainfall to increase the use of rainwater. The project includes the development of residential communities with storage ponds, filtration pools and wetlands, plus roads and squares built with materials that will allow storm water to soak into the ground more effectively, according to the guideline. "It would require a major shift in ideas about urban construction. Rainwater should be regarded as a resource rather than a burden to be dealt with. Concepts of urban construction should shift from the destruction of the ecosystem to its renewal," Chen Zhenggao, Minister of Housing and Urban-rural Development, told a work conference in May. "If the urban runoff cannot be effectively filtered into the ground, the floods that follow will cause the direct loss of life and property," he said. He also believes low-impact development represents the future of the country's urbanization drive. "It（the dealing with storm water）is an issue of public security. Thus it should be a compulsory requirement when new urban areas are being planned and built," he said.12. The purpose to build a "Sponge City" is to________.A. reduce the storm-water runoff in urban areasB. raise the levels of water filtration and conservationC. address the problem of urban flooding permanentlyD. achieve low-impact development with borrowed experiences13. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. At most 60% of rainwater is to soak into the ground.B. The level of filtration could be increased in areas with more rainfall.C. Residential communities should be replaced by ponds, pools and wetlandsD. Roads should be built with materials allowing water to soak into the ground14. What can we infer from Chen Zhenggao's remarks?A. Floods take place because of the shift of the ecosystemB. Floods will not happen when, urban runoff is filtered into rivers.C. New urban construction concept means replacement of the ecosystem.D. Low-impact urban development is a must to solve the issue of public security.15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Summer floods have always been an issue for citiesB. "Sponge City" program is set to soak up urban floodwater.C. Rainwater should be regarded as a resource rather than a burden.D. Low-impact development can change the situation of urban ecosystem【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述夏季洪水是中国许多城市每年都会发生的事，国家推进“海绵城市”计划来解决城市洪涝问题【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “To solve the problem of urban flooding once and for all, the central government has decided to push forward the "Sponge City" program, which in part borrows the experiences of low-impact development from the United States and Canada in recent years. （为了一劳永逸地解决城市洪涝问题，中央政府决定推进“海绵城市”计划，该计划部分借鉴了美国和加拿大近年来低影响发展的经验。）”由此可知推进“海绵城市”计划是为了解决城市洪涝问题，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The project includes the development of residential communities with storage ponds, filtration pools and wetlands, plus roads and squares built with materials that will allow storm water to soak into the ground more effectively, according to the guideline. （根据指导意见，该项目包括开发带有蓄水池、过滤池和湿地的住宅社区，以及使用材料建造的道路和广场，这些材料将使雨水更有效地渗入地面。）”由此可知，建造道路所用的材料要能使雨水更有效地渗入地面。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“He also believes low-impact development represents the future of the country's urbanization drive. "It（the dealing with storm water）is an issue of public security. Thus it should be a compulsory requirement when new urban areas are being planned and built," he said.（他还认为，低影响发展代表着中国城市化进程的未来。“这(处理暴雨)是一个公共安全问题。因此，在规划和建设新的城市地区时，这应该是强制性的要求。”）” 由此可推断，低影响发展政策是解决公共安全问题必须要进行的，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段 “To solve the problem of urban flooding once and for all, the central government has decided to push forward the "Sponge City" program, which in part borrows the experiences of low-impact development from the United States and Canada in recent years. （为了一劳永逸地解决城市洪涝问题，中央政府决定推进“海绵城市”计划，该计划部分借鉴了美国和加拿大近年来低影响发展的经验。）”由此可知，文章主要描述国家推进“海绵城市”计划来解决城市洪涝问题，故选B。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2 分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force. ___16___. These tests can help evaluate how a person thinks and best understand what areas of interest a person may want to go after.___17___. They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiple-choice or true/false questions. These are often used so that the results of the test can be determined through computer analysis of answers. Take 123 Career Test for an example. 123 Career Test is a five-to-ten minute assessment of your career personality. You look at pictures of people who are doing work-related task, and choose “yes” or “no” in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task. ___18___, the computer will soon tell you what work environments and occupations best suit your career personality.123 Career Test shows how wonderful career aptitude test can be. You may now be eager to try one. ___19___. Some career aptitude tests may only focus on analyzing the types of skills or strengths and weaknesses a person may have. The results of such tests may not always match what a person wants to do. Someone could be very strong at critical thinking and analysis, which may indicate he or she has an aptitude for becoming a scientist. If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue. ___20___.A. It is relatively easy to carry outB. It indicates what tests are more suitable for themC. It determines what career might be the best choice for themD. After you finish the tasks related to choosing “yes” or “no”E. But before you do that, there’s something you’d better knowF. The results only show a career which he or she may be good atG. There are many ways in which a career aptitude test can be prepared【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了职业能力测试方式，以及测试结果的参考价值。【16题详解】根据上文“A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test is often used to help those interested in entering the work force.（职业能力测试通常被用来帮助那些有兴趣进入职场的人）”可知，本段主要讲述的是职业能力测试的用途，C选项“它决定了什么职业可能是他们的最佳选择”选项中的it指代的就是上文中的“A career aptitude (能力、倾向) test”，符合题意，故选择C项。【17题详解】根据下文“They will typically consist of a number of questions phrased as multiple-choice or true/false questions.（它们通常会由许多多项选择题或者是判断正误题的问题组成）”可知，这里说的是测试题的表现形式，G项“职业能力测试的呈现方式有很多”符合题意，故选择G项。【18题详解】根据上文“You look at pictures of people who are doing work-related task, and choose “yes” or “no” in regard to whether you could see yourself enjoying that task.（你看那些正在做与工作相关的任务的照片，然后回答是或者不是，来判断你是否能够看到自己在享受这项任务）”可知，这里说的是123职业测试的方式，D项“在你完成了选择是还是否的相关任务后”由after引导承接上文内容，符合题意，其中“yes” or “no”与上文一致，故选择D项。【19题详解】根据上文“You may now be eager to try one.（你现在可能就想去试一下）”可知，说的是想去进行职业能力测试，E项“但是在你去做之前，有一些事情你最好了解”中的But表示转折关系，承接上文的想要去做测试，并引出下文，说明做之前还有一些事情要了解，句中“that”指的就是上文提到的“去试一下”，故选择E项。【20题详解】根据上文“If that person has no particular interest in science, however, then the results of such a test would not necessarily indicate what career he or she should pursue.（然而，如果这个人对科学没有特别的兴趣，那么这种测试的结果并不一定表明他或者是她可以从事什么职业）”可知，这里说的是有关职业测试结果的内容，F项“结果就只能表明他或者是她可能擅长的职业”，“the results”以及“he or she”是上文内容的复现，符合题意，故选择F项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。If you could have any three things, what would you want?Eleven-year-old Kate Chitsey loves ___21___that question. She asks it at nursing homes. She then sets out to ___22___ the residents’ wishes. Kate has long been close to the ___23___. When her mother, Amanda Chitsey, a nurse at nursing homes, goes to work on the weekend, Kate often ___24___.“I’ve never found these old people scary at all, so I’m willing to ___25___them and ask if they need anything,” she says.Last May, Kate noticed a resident named Pearl staring out a window. She had a ___26___ expression on her face. "What are you looking at?” Kate asked. Pearl said she was watching her dog being ___27___ by his new owner after a visit. Pearl didn’t know when she would see her dog again.Kate noticed that pets were not ___28___ at the nursing home. And Pearl couldn’t___29___to look after her dog, as she got only $40 a month to spend on ___30___ items such as clothes and haircuts. Kate also learned that many residents had the similar ___31___, so she decided to do something about it.Kate started by asking residents what three things they wanted most. At first, she was ___32___ that people would ask for cars and other things that were beyond the___33___ of an 11-year-old girl. ___34___, they asked for chocolate bars and clothes that fit properly. Using their own money, Kate and her mother ___35___ the needs of about 100 people in three months, buying as many items as they could. Then they started appealing for ___36___.Many people responded ___37___, and Amanda set up a GoFundMe page, raising more than $250,000 in five months. With those ___38___, Kate was able to help more people.Kate doesn’t plan to ___39___ there. One of her new goals is to set up communal(全体共用的) laptops at nursing homes. “I consider ___40___ to be my hobby,” she says.21. A. taking on B. bringing up C. thinking over D. dealing with22. A. realize B. list C. consider D. predict23. A. sick B. homeless C. disabled D. elderly24. A. responds B. agrees C. follows D. behaves25. A. comfort B. approach C. support D. invite26. A. sorrowful B. thoughtful C. cautious D. strange27. A. put down B. spied on C. looked after D. led away28. A. expected B. ensured C. permitted D. recognized29. A. afford B. hesitate C. decide D. attempt30. A. daily B. proper C. simple D. necessary31. A. attitude B. complaint C. experience D. confusion32. A. surprised B. concerned C. determined D. disappointed33. A. belief B. duty C. ability D. benefit34. A. Instead B. Anyhow C. Therefore D. Moreover35. A. adjusted B. discovered C. reflected D. satisfied36. A. opinions B. donations C. rewards D. changes37. A. differently B. sensitively C. enthusiastically D. thankfully38. A. wishes B. choices C. standards D. funds39. A. stop B. escape C. react D. miss40. A. creation B. kindness C. bravery D. curiosity【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍一位11岁的女孩和她的母亲帮助养老院的居民实现愿望的感人故事。【21题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：11岁的凯特·奇西喜欢提出这个问题。A. taking on呈现；B. bringing up提出；C. thinking over考虑；D. dealing with处理。根据句子“If you could have any three things, what would you want?”如果你有任何三样东西，你想要什么？可见小女孩喜欢提出问题，所以选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她开始实现居民们的愿望。A. realize实现；B. list列出；C. consider考虑；D.predict预测。根据下文可知，居民们的愿望实现了，所以本句表示开始着手实现居民的愿望，所以选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凯特长期以来与老人关系密切。A. sick不舒服的；B. homeless无家的；C. disabled残疾的；D. elderly年长的。根据后文句子“I've never found these old people scary at all” 我从不觉得这些老人可怕，可见是接触的老年人，所以选D。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲阿曼达·奇西(Amanda Chitsey)是一家疗养院的护士，周末她去上班时，凯特常常会跟着她。A.responds回应；B.agrees同意；C.follows跟随；D.behaves行为。根据前文“Amanda Chitsey,a nurse at nursing homes, goes to work on the weekend,”阿曼达·奇西(Amanda Chitsey)是一家疗养院的护士，她周末去上班。妈妈的工作特点，使的她跟随妈妈去养老院。所以选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我愿意接近他们，问他们是否需要什么。”A.comfort安慰；B.approach靠近；C.support支持；D.invite邀请。根据后文“…and ask if they need anything,”（问他们是否需要什么）可见是愿意走近老人去问他们的需要，所以选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她脸上带着悲伤的表情。A.sorrowful难过的；B.thoughtful考虑周全的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.strange奇怪的。根据后文句子“Pearl didn't know when she would see her dog again,”（珀尔不知道什么时候才能再见到她的狗）可知她很难过，所以选A。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：珀尔说，她当时正看着她的狗被新主人带走。A.put down放下；B.spied on 监视；C.looked after照顾；D. led away带走，根据后文“Pearl didn’t know when she would see her dog again.”（珀尔不知道什么时候才能再见到她的狗）可知是她的狗被新的主人领走了，所以选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特注意到养老院不允许养宠物。A.expected希望；B.ensured确定；C.permitted允许；D.recognized认出。根据常识可知疗养院不准有宠物，所以选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：珀尔也没钱照顾她的狗。A.afford担负的起；B.hesitate犹豫；C.decide决定；D.attempt尝试。根据后文句子“as she got only $ 40a month to spend on (10) Ditems such as clothes and haircuts.”（因为她每个月只有40美元用来买衣服和理发等必需品）可见Pearl担负不起照顾她的狗，所以选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为她每个月只有40美元用来买衣服和理发等必需品。A.daily日常的；B.proper合适的；C.simple简单的；D. necessary必要的。根据“…such as clothes and haircuts,”（这是日常必须品）可知，这是生活必需品。所以选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯特还了解到许多居民都有类似的经历。A.attitude态度；B.complaint抱怨；C.experience经历；D.confusion迷惑。根据后句“so she decided to do something about it.”（所以她决定做点什么）可知很多的居民具有同样的经历，所以选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，她担心人们会索要汽车和其他超出一个11岁女孩能力范围的东西。A.surprised惊讶的；B.concerned关心的；C.determined有决心的；D.disappointed失望的。根据后句“…that people would ask for cars and other things that were beyond the ability of an 11-year-old girl.”人们会要求汽车和其他超出一个11岁女孩能力的东西。因为是一位11岁的小女孩，会担心人们需要的东西会超出她的能力。所以选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.belief信仰；B.duty职责；C.ability能力；D.benefit利益，根据后句“…that people would ask for cars and other things that were beyond the ability of an 11-year-old girl.”人们会要求汽车和其他超出一个11岁女孩能力的东西。因为是一位11岁的小女孩，会担心人们需要的东西会超出她的能力。所以选C。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们要巧克力棒和合适的衣服。A.Instead代替，相反；B.Anyhow无论如何；C.Therefore因此；D.Moreover况且。根据后句“ they asked for chocolate bars and clothes that fit properly.”（他们要巧克力棒和合身的衣服）和小女孩的担心相反。所以选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特和她的母亲在三个月内满足了大约100人的需求，尽可能多地购买物品。A.adjusted协调；B.discovered发现；C.reflected反应；D. satisfied满足，根据后文“…buying as many items as they could,”（他们尽可能多买一些东西）可见是满足了100多个人的要求，所以选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他们开始呼吁捐款。A.opinions观点；B.donations捐赠；C.rewards回报；D.changes改变。根据后文句子“…and Amanda set up a GoFundMe page, raising more than$250,000 in five months,”阿曼达建立了一个GoFundMe网页，在五个月内筹集了超过25万美元。可见是呼吁捐赠，所以选B。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多人反应热烈。A.differently不同地；B.sensitively敏感地；C.enthusiastically 热情地；D. thankfully感谢地。根据“…raising more than $250,000 in five months,”（在五个月内筹集了超过25万美元）可知很多人对于这种捐赠表现很是热情，故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这些资金，凯特能够帮助更多的人。A.wishes希望；B.choices选择；C.standards标准；D.funds基金。“…raising more than $ 250, 000 in five months,”（在五个月内筹集了超过25万美元）可知这里指的这些钱，所以选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯特并不打算就此止步。A.stop停止；B.escape逃脱；C.react反应；D.miss错过。根据后文“One of her new goals is to set up communal(全体共用的）laptops at nursing homes,”（她的新目标之一是建立公共笔记本电脑在疗养院）小女孩有新的目标，可见小女孩不打算停止，所以选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为和善是我的爱好。A.creation创造；B.kindness好心；C.bravery勇敢；D.curiosity好奇心。根据上文可知，小女孩啊帮助养老院的老人实现了愿望可知，做善事是小女孩的爱好，所以选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A remarkable study from 1976 gives us some insight into how and ____41____ relationships with our neighbors can be so good for us. Surprisingly to scientists at that time, results ____42____ （show） that contact with family members—even ____43____ （one）own children—had little impact ____44____ feelings of well-being or willpower. Meanwhile, friendships, especially those with neighbors, predicted lower levels of ____45____ （lonely）and worry, higher levels of feelings of usefulness and self- perceived respect within the community.The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors ____46____ （base）on nearness, common interests and lifestyle choices are more ____47____ （effect）at increasing well-being. The neighborhood relationships are also developed ____48____ （voluntary）. Family ties, on the other hand, are often characterized by ____49____ sense of responsibility, physical distance, and personal disharmony. Later studies confirm the importance of close friendships for people over 65, ____50____ （highlight）the particular importance of frequent contact.【答案】41. why 42. showed 43. one’s 44. on 45. loneliness 46. based 47. effective 48. voluntarily 49. a 50. highlighting【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，研究表明了邻里间友谊对人们的重要性。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：1976年的一项杰出研究让我们对邻里关系如何以及为什么对我们如此有益有了一些见解。设空处与how并列，根据句意，此处表达“邻里关系如何及为什么对我们有好处”，故填why。42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：令当时科学家们惊讶的是，研究结果显示，与家人甚至自己的孩子接触对幸福感或意志力的影响很小。根据本句中的时间状语at that time可知，本句时态为一般过去时，因而应填show的过去式showed。故填showed。【43题详解】考查代词。句意：令当时的科学家们惊讶的是，研究结果显示，与家人甚至自己的孩子接触对幸福感或意志力的影响很小。根据句意，设空处表示“某人的”，需要one的形容词性物主代词one's，作定语修饰children。故填one's。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：令当时的科学家们惊讶的是，研究结果显示，与家人甚至自己的孩子接触对幸福感或意志力的影响很小。短语have impact on…，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：同时，友谊，尤其是与邻居的友谊，预示着在社区中孤独和担忧程度较低，存在感和自我尊重程度较高。设空处作介词of的宾语，与and后的worry并列，需要lonely的名词形式loneliness，故填loneliness。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，基于亲密关系、共同兴趣和生活方式与邻居建立熟人和友谊关系更能有效地增进幸福感。分析句子结构可知，设空处需要非谓语动词作定语，因为与所修饰名词acquaintance and friendship with neighbors构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词based。故填based。【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：研究表明，基于亲密关系、共同兴趣和生活方式与邻居建立熟人和友谊关系更能有效地增进幸福感。本句系动词are后缺少表语，因而设空处需用形容词effective作are的表语。故填effective。【48题详解】考查副词。句意：邻里关系也是自愿发展的。设空处修饰谓语动词are developed，因此需用副词形式，故填voluntarily。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：另一方面，家庭关系的特点往往是责任感、身体距离和个性的不和谐。短语a sense of responsibility表示“责任感”，故填a。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来的研究证实了亲密友谊对65岁以上的人的重要性，强调了频繁接触的特别重要性。分析句子结构可知，设空处需用非谓语动词做状语，动词highlight与主语studies构成主谓关系，因而用现在分词highlighting。故填highlighting。【点睛】第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Yesterday, I had a quarrel with my mother. I complained that there's too little entertainment, so she shared his story with me. When my mom was young, there is no Internet. When evenings approached, child from the whole neighborhood would crowd into the only household that it had a television. They stared for the small screen and cheered in front of the TV. And now, iPads and smartphones have taken place of televisions. The 5G network enables us to download a movie within seconds. No wonder my mom often says we are the generation grow up in a honey jar. Finally, I felt gratefully for living in a country that all the people are well-fed.【答案】1.his→her2.is→ was3.child→ children4.将it去掉5.for→at6.And→But7.在taken后加the8.grow→growing9.gratefully→grateful10.that→where【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了妈妈跟作者分享自己小时候的娱乐活动。【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我抱怨娱乐太少，她就跟我分享了她的故事。根据she可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词her。故将his改为her。2.考查动词时态。句意：我妈妈年轻的时候，没有互联网。根据“was”可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故将is改为was。3.考查名词。句意：当夜幕降临时，整个社区的孩子们都会挤进唯一一家有电视机的家庭。child为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故将child改为children。4.考查代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，that引导的是定语从句，且that在定语从句中作主语，it是多余的。故将it去掉。5.考查介词。句意：他们盯着小屏幕，在电视机前欢呼。stare at为固定短语，意为“盯着”。故将for改为at。6.考查连词。句意：但现在，ipad和智能手机已经取代了电视。上下文之间为转折关系，需用连词but连接。故将And改为But。7.考查冠词。句意同上。表示“代替……的位置”应用take the place of。故在taken后面加上the。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：难怪我妈妈常说我们是在蜜罐里长大的一代。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，generation和grow up为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故将grow改为growing。9.考查形容词。句意：最后，我很感激生活在一个所有人都吃得很饱的国家。Felt为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语。故将gratefully改为grateful。10.考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词country，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故将that改为where。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛，请你以“How to Express Our Gratitude”为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.分析现状；2.建议表达感激的方式。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】One possible version:How to Express Our GratitudeMany people around us help us selflessly. We may feel grateful to our friends, teachers, neighbors, family members or even strangers, but it may not always be easy to know how we should express that. Here are several thoughtful ways for us to express gratitude to those who should hear it.Writing “thank you” cards is definitely a common practice to show our gratitude to our loved ones. Of course, we can give them to anyone who has influenced our life in a positive way. If necessary, we can do a random act of kindness to strangers to show how grateful we are for the world around us, such as donating money and helping the old people who live alone.In brief, practicing gratitude can bring us to a state of abundance and joy.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“How to Express Our Gratitude”为题写一篇短文参加学校将举办的英语演讲比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累体贴的：nice→ thoughtful影响：affect→ influence明确地：clearly→ definitely简言之：in short→ in brief2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：We may feel grateful to our friends, teachers, neighbors, family members or even strangers, but it may not always be easy to know how we should express that.拓展句：We may feel grateful to our friends, teachers, neighbors, family members or even strangers while it may not always be easy to know how we should express that.【点睛】[高分句型1] Here are several thoughtful ways for us to express gratitude to those who should hear it.（运用了由who引导的定语从句）[高分句型2] Of course, we can give them to anyone who has influenced our life in a positive way.（运用了由who引导的定语从句）