22选词填空（基础题）-上海市2021年中考英语真题&模拟卷分题型分类汇编（共16题）

22选词填空-上海市2021年中考英语真题&模拟卷分题型分类汇编

一．选词填空（共16小题）

1. （2021•奉贤区二模）

One day， Professor White walked into the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a test. He handed out the papers with the text facing down as usual. Once he handed them all out， he asked his students to（1）　   　the page to begin the test. Everyone was amazed to find there were no questions printed on the paper but a black spot in the（2）　   　 of the page.

    Seeing the expression on everyone's face， Professor White said，" I want you to write what you see here." The（3）　   　 students got started. After ten minutes， the professor took all the answer sheets and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of them（4）　   　the black spot， trying to explain is position in the middle of the paper， etc.

After all the answers had been read， the classroom was （5）　   　. "I just wanted to give you something to think about." said Professor White."No one wrote about the white part of the paper. Everyone paid attention to the black spot."

    "The same thing happens in our lives，" the professor（6）　   　 "Life is a gift. We always have reasons to（7）　   　， from our friends around us to the miracles we see every day. However， we always see the dark spots， the health problems that bother us， a broken relationship with a family member， etc. The dark spots are very small， but they are the ones that pollute our（8）　   　.Take your eyes away from the black spots in your life， Enjoy each moment that life gives you!"

2. （2021•浦东新区模拟）

Next，the visitor is asked how his journey was and（1）　   　he has come.While the conversation is going on，the wife and the children，especially girls，are preparing food for the visitor.The visitor can choose his favorite food.After the visitor finishes（2）　   　，the host and the visitor go on with their conversation.Usually this is short one because the visitor is getting ready to say goodbye.

    When the visitor is leaving，he is often（3）　   　 some food.He is also accompanied（陪伴） by one of the children to the nearest station.The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves（4）　   　.Whether he is a close friend or just a stranger，this is always how friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor.

3. （2021•长宁区二模）

I arrived early on the first day，in order to listen to a speaker who had done voluntary work in West Africa.This（1）　   　encouraged me to find out more about volunteering and I spent most of  my time in this fascinating area.Although the vacation area was also interesting，it simply wasn't as attractive.

    The highlight of the exhibition for me was talking to a person from VSO，an organization that sends volunteers to（2）　   　poverty around the world.I learned about the work that VSO is doing  in places like Cambodia，India and South Africa and I finally（3）　   　that voluntary work is what I want to do.

    All in all，then，I found  the  Student  Travel  Exhibition  a/an（4）　   　event  and  I  would certainly recommend it to any student who is thinking of travelling.It might change your life!

4. （2021•徐汇区二模）

However，there are many disadvantages of driverless cars.Computers would have（1）　   　making ethical （伦理的） or legal （法律的） decisions：if a child ran into the road，would the computer choose to hit the child or kill the car's passengers？Should children be（2）　   　 in a driverless car by themselves？Or would there need to be a（3）　   　 adult with a driving license in the car at all times？Many people would lose their jobs because of driverless cars.Bus，taxi，train and tram drivers would be（4）　   　.

    I'm not so sure about whether I'd want a driverless car ﹣ but it's only a matter of time before they become more common on our roads.

5. （2021•虹口区二模）

In fact，most of the time，jokes are only funny for people who share a cultural（1）　   　or  understand humor in the same way.Chinese﹣American comedian Joe Wong found this out firsthand.He had （2）　   　huge success in the US，but when he returned to China for his first live show in Beijing，he discovered that people didn't think his Chinese jokes were as funny as his English ones.

    In Australia，many foreigners find understanding jokes about sports to be the biggest headache. "The hardest jokes are related to rugby（橄榄球）because I know nothing about rugby，"said Melody Cao，who was once a student in Australia. "When I heard jokes I didn't get，I just laughed（3）　   　."

    In the other two major  English﹣speaking countries，the（4）　   　of  humor is also  different.British jokes seem to be more subtle and dark，while American jokes are more obvious（明显的）with their meanings，a bit like Americans themselves.

6. （2021•闵行区二模）

Most people，young or old，can enjoy card games.There are even（1）　   　 playing cards for blind people.Among the large number of different card games，there's something for everybody.According to Ranker.com.The most popular game of all is Uno.This is a kind of game known as a shedding game.In these games，players try to get rid of all their cards.Young children can（2）　   　 play Uno，but keen players are found at all ages.

    Other very popular card games include Gin Runny，Heart's and Go Fish.These are simple games.The harder games are to play，the fewer players they will attract.Some games，like Bridge，（3）　   　 a lot of skills and very careful concentration.Many books have been written about how to win at Bridge!This game isn't for（4）　   　.But whatever one's interest or skill level，there is a suitable card game to enjoy.So let's deal the cards!

7. （2021•静安区二模）

Marvelous Sidney

     Sidney's comic book hero is sent to magic lands to fight against an alien and a dragon.What's his doorway to these（1）　   　adventures？It's （spoiler alert（剧透警告）!）.. .a book.

    The real Sidney also knows that books can open doors.As a lifelong （2）　   　of reading，he started a club called Books N Bros for African American boys.It has more than 250 members across the U.S.The club manages to（3）　   　the joy of reading.But it gives members more than that.Reading is important in school and in life.So joining Sidney's crew of book﹣lovers sets kids up for future success.

    Austin and Sidney are just a few of the many inspiring young people seen in Marvel's Hero Project.Their stories （4）　   　you don't have to be a superhuman.As Marvel puts it，they're all"real kids making a real difference".

8. （2021•上海）

Emily and I are twins.We love cooking healthy food together!Our parents have always

cooked at home.They really（1）　   　us a lot.

    Working as sisters is interesting，as we have been through a large number of （2）　   　experiences.However，sometimes we'd like more space of our own in the kitchen.We try to be fair.If one person manages to （3）　   　a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos.Then we'll change jobs next time.

    Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be （4）　   　for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.

9. （2021•上海）

Sometimes not everything works out perfectly ﹣ and that's OK!For example，we don't know （1）　   　 what the readers want，so it's quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food.But we try our best to meet their （2）　   　.We discuss the work and help each other to improve.That's the best part about working together.We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our（3）　   　.

    We love making new dishes，taking pictures，and then posting them on our school newspaper.It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣ （4）　   　 with food!When you eat healthily，it makes you feel better，and it can be twice as delicious.

10. （2021•嘉定区二模）A. frightened       B. festivals       C. drive away     D. excited      E. welcome

No one knows who flew the first kite. Two thousand years ago， Chinese farmers flew kites to（1）　   　 the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.

     In China， people also used kites during war time. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were（2）　   　 by the noise and ran away.

     About 1，300 years ago， Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there. Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods， Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would（3）　   　 the clouds and stop the rain. Today， kites are popular all over the world. Kite fans meet at（4）　   　 in many parts of the world and have great fun.

11. （2021•嘉定区二模）A. inventors    B. feeling     C. understand   D. throw away     E. measure

Over the years， Kites have also helped people（1）　   　 the natural world. In 1749， for example， thermometers （温度计） were tied to kites to（2）　   　 temperatures. In 1906， kites were used to take pictures of San Francisco， California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do.

    Kites also helped（3）　   　 find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew， which helped them make the first successful airplane.

    Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air， people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate， relax and explore. So go to fly a kite! Enjoy the （4）　   　 of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries.

12. （2021•上海二模）

Nidhi Arora to be the HR manager of a large Indian company.After sitting on lots of job interviews，she（1）　   　 a serious problem.Today's young people are very clever.They do well in exams.However，they know little about current affairs.This is because they almost never read newspapers.

    In Arora's opinion，understanding what is happening around the world is（2）　   　.It helps young people know what they need to do：What does the world need？Could I create that？

    However，there was（3）　   　 problem.The newspapers adults read use difficult language.None could be given to a child.Arora decided to make a four﹣page paper for kids on her own.With encouragement from many mothers，the Children's Post was（4）　   　 in 2017.

13. （2021•上海二模）

The paper covers a wide（1）　   　 of topics，including international affairs，environment，technology and history.Readers can also find puzzles，poetry，short stories and（2）　   　 in the paper.Arora has managed to put together a team of seven editors.The editors decide the content.Sometimes，they ask their readers what they want to read more of and change accordingly.The completed copy then reaches Arora for further edits.She makes sure the facts and grammar are（3）　   　 and that the language is simple.

    Today，the Children's Post is the only（4）　   　newspaper for children in India.More than 3，500 copies are sold every day.Arora is always thinking about improving her paper.She hopes every kid in India could develop the habit of reading newspaper.

14. （2021•宝山区二模）

Sometimes，we all have trouble communicating with other people.This is a very（1）　   　problem.Some people are shy.Other people can't think of interesting conversation（2）　   　.Making conversation can be very difficult for them.If you have this problem，don't worry!We can teach you some easy（3）　   　for making conversation.These will help you find something fun to discuss.It doesn't matter whether you are with your new friends or with a（4）　   　stranger.

15. （2021•宝山区二模）

Making interesting conversation is actually very easy. You just have to pay attention and ask the right questions. Remember that questions are（1）　   　better than comments（评论）because people can answer questions. Don't say， "I like your shoes." It's better to say， "Where did you get your shoes？" This will keep the conversation going. Remember to（2）　   　private topics. People（3）　   　like to talk about their age or their income. In the beginning， discuss fun things like traveling and friends. You will find out what people like to talk about after you（4）　   　them better. The most important things is to be sincere. If you are， you might make a new friend!

16. （2021•长宁区二模）（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）

The Student Travel Exhibition in London is an annual event that aimed at students in their  late teens.It  brings organizations（1）　   　.I had been looking forward to this event because I   needed a（2）　   　to my burning question：what should I do with my two﹣month  holiday？

    The exhibition is（3）　   　into three areas.In the 'theatre area' you can watch talks and  presentations from experienced travellers.In the 'vacation area' you can find information about recreational holidays.And in the 'volunteer area' students who want to do（4）　   　work can make  their own decision.

参考答案与试题解析

一．选词填空（共16小题）

1. （2021•奉贤区二模）

One day， Professor White walked into the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a test. He handed out the papers with the text facing down as usual. Once he handed them all out， he asked his students to（1）　E　the page to begin the test. Everyone was amazed to find there were no questions printed on the paper but a black spot in the（2）　D　 of the page.

    Seeing the expression on everyone's face， Professor White said，" I want you to write what you see here." The（3）　B　 students got started. After ten minutes， the professor took all the answer sheets and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of them（4）　A　the black spot， trying to explain is position in the middle of the paper， etc.

After all the answers had been read， the classroom was （5）　D　. "I just wanted to give you something to think about." said Professor White."No one wrote about the white part of the paper. Everyone paid attention to the black spot."

    "The same thing happens in our lives，" the professor（6）　C　 "Life is a gift. We always have reasons to（7）　A　， from our friends around us to the miracles we see every day. However， we always see the dark spots， the health problems that bother us， a broken relationship with a family member， etc. The dark spots are very small， but they are the ones that pollute our（8）　B　.Take your eyes away from the black spots in your life， Enjoy each moment that life gives you!"

【解答】（1）E.考查动词短语。根据上文"He handed out the papers with the text facing down as usual"所说，像平时一样，他把试卷朝下，发下去。故知本句说的是，他一把试卷发放完毕，就让学生翻过试卷来开始考试。turn over翻过来。本句是ask sb to do sth句型，故填动词原形。故选E.

（2）D.考查名词。根据语境可知句意是，大家感到吃惊的是，试卷上没有印刷考题，仅仅在卷子中央有个黑色的点。center中心。故选center.

（3）B.考查形容词。根据上文"Everyone was amazed to find there were no questions printed on the paper but a black spot in the（2）of the page"所说，大家感到吃惊的是，试卷上没有印刷考题，仅仅在卷子中央有个黑色的点。故知本句说的是，感到迷惑不解的学生开始答题。confused糊涂的； 迷惑的。故选B.

（4）A.考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，他们都描述了这个黑点，尽量解释试卷中心的这个位置，等等。describe描述。本句说的是过去之事，故用一般过去时，故选A。

（5）D.考查形容词。根据语境可知句意是，读完所有答案后，教室里一片安静。silent安静的。故选D.

（6）C.考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，"同样的事情发生在我们生活中，"教授继续说。continued是continue的过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故选C.

（7）A.考查形容词。根据上文"Life is a gift."所说，生命是件礼物。我们总是有理由来庆祝。celebrate庆祝。故选A.

（8）B.考查名词。根据语境可知句意是，但是它们是污染我们环境的那个点。environment环境。故选B.

2. （2021•浦东新区模拟）

Next，the visitor is asked how his journey was and（1）　C　he has come.While the conversation is going on，the wife and the children，especially girls，are preparing food for the visitor.The visitor can choose his favorite food.After the visitor finishes（2）　D　，the host and the visitor go on with their conversation.Usually this is short one because the visitor is getting ready to say goodbye.

    When the visitor is leaving，he is often（3）　A　 some food.He is also accompanied（陪伴） by one of the children to the nearest station.The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves（4）　B　.Whether he is a close friend or just a stranger，this is always how friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor.

【解答】1.C.why 考查副词。此处根据and表并列，前面的句式应该一样，前面是how his journey was，用了how，那么后面也应该用疑问词，选项只有C和E符合；又（1）he has come为现在完成时，不和when连用，故而排除E。故选C。

2.D.eating  考查动词。此处为动词固定搭配：finish doing sth.（完成做某事）；所给选项只有D.eating符合。故选D。

3.A.given  考查动词。此处 he is often（3）some food.主语he和宾语food之间，应考虑使用被动语态，意思是"被给与一些事物"，慈湖应该填入动词的过去分词，所给选项只有A.given合适。故选A。

4.B.safely 考查副词。从句子until the visitor leaves（4）.中看出，空白处前面leaves是动词，那么后面应该用副词来修饰，所给选项只有B.safely符合，意为：直到客人安全离开。故选B。

3. （2021•长宁区二模）

I arrived early on the first day，in order to listen to a speaker who had done voluntary work in West Africa.This（1）　C　encouraged me to find out more about volunteering and I spent most of  my time in this fascinating area.Although the vacation area was also interesting，it simply wasn't as attractive.

    The highlight of the exhibition for me was talking to a person from VSO，an organization that sends volunteers to（2）　A　poverty around the world.I learned about the work that VSO is doing  in places like Cambodia，India and South Africa and I finally（3）　E　that voluntary work is what I want to do.

    All in all，then，I found  the  Student  Travel  Exhibition  a/an（4）　B　event  and  I  would certainly recommend it to any student who is thinking of travelling.It might change your life!

【解答】（1）C.考查名词。句意：这次演讲鼓励我去发现更多关于志愿工作的知识，我把大部分时间都花在了这个迷人的领域。talk"讲话，演讲"，故选C。

（2）A.考查动词。句意：对我来说，这次展览的亮点是与VSO的一个人交谈。VSO是一个向世界各地派遣志愿者抗击贫困的组织。fight poverty"抗击贫困"，故选A。

（3）E.考查动词短语。句意：我了解到VSO在柬埔寨、印度和南非等地的工作，我最终决定做志愿工作。make up one's mind"下决心"，故选E。

（4）B.考查形容词。句意：总之，我发现学生旅游展是一个令人愉快的活动，我肯定会向任何想去旅游的学生推荐它。enjoyable"令人愉快的"，故选B。

4. （2021•徐汇区二模）

However，there are many disadvantages of driverless cars.Computers would have（1）　D　making ethical （伦理的） or legal （法律的） decisions：if a child ran into the road，would the computer choose to hit the child or kill the car's passengers？Should children be（2）　E　 in a driverless car by themselves？Or would there need to be a（3）　A　 adult with a driving license in the car at all times？Many people would lose their jobs because of driverless cars.Bus，taxi，train and tram drivers would be（4）　B　.

    I'm not so sure about whether I'd want a driverless car ﹣ but it's only a matter of time before they become more common on our roads.

【解答】（1）D.考查名词。句意：计算机将难以做出道德或法律决定。have difficulty （in）doing"做某事有困难"，故选D。

（2）E.考查动词。句意：应该允许孩子们自己坐在无人驾驶汽车里吗？allow"允许"，故选E。

（3）A.考查形容词。句意：或者是否需要一个有责任心的成年人一直在车里？responsible"有责任心的"，故选A。

（4）B.考查形容词。句意：公共汽车、出租车、火车和电车司机将是不必要的。unnecessary"不必要的"，故选B。

5. （2021•虹口区二模）

In fact，most of the time，jokes are only funny for people who share a cultural（1）　B　or  understand humor in the same way.Chinese﹣American comedian Joe Wong found this out firsthand.He had （2）　D　huge success in the US，but when he returned to China for his first live show in Beijing，he discovered that people didn't think his Chinese jokes were as funny as his English ones.

    In Australia，many foreigners find understanding jokes about sports to be the biggest headache. "The hardest jokes are related to rugby（橄榄球）because I know nothing about rugby，"said Melody Cao，who was once a student in Australia. "When I heard jokes I didn't get，I just laughed（3）　A　."

    In the other two major  English﹣speaking countries，the（4）　E　of  humor is also  different.British jokes seem to be more subtle and dark，while American jokes are more obvious（明显的）with their meanings，a bit like Americans themselves.

【解答】（1）B.考查名词。句意：事实上，大多数情况下，笑话只有在文化背景相同或幽默理解方式相同的人身上才有趣。background"背景"，故选B。

（2）D.考查动词。句意：他在美国取得了巨大的成功，但是当他回到中国在北京举办第一场现场表演时，他发现人们认为他的中文笑话不如他的英文笑话有趣。achieve success"取得成功"，故选D。

（3）A.考查副词。句意：当我听不懂笑话时，我只是跟着一起笑。along"一起"，故选A。

（4）E.考查名词。句意：在另外两个主要的英语国家，人们的幽默感也不同。the sense of humor"幽默感"，故选E。

6. （2021•闵行区二模）

Most people，young or old，can enjoy card games.There are even（1）　C　 playing cards for blind people.Among the large number of different card games，there's something for everybody.According to Ranker.com.The most popular game of all is Uno.This is a kind of game known as a shedding game.In these games，players try to get rid of all their cards.Young children can（2）　A　 play Uno，but keen players are found at all ages.

    Other very popular card games include Gin Runny，Heart's and Go Fish.These are simple games.The harder games are to play，the fewer players they will attract.Some games，like Bridge，（3）　B　 a lot of skills and very careful concentration.Many books have been written about how to win at Bridge!This game isn't for（4）　D　.But whatever one's interest or skill level，there is a suitable card game to enjoy.So let's deal the cards!

【解答】（1）C.考查形容词。句意：甚至还有专门为盲人设计的扑克牌。分析句子结构，空处应填形容词修饰名词playing cards，special"特别的，专门的"，故选C。

（2）A.考查副词。句意：孩子们可以轻松地玩Uno，但所有年龄段的人都有兴趣玩Uno。分析句子结构，空处应填副词修饰动词play，easily"简单地，容易地"，故选A。

（3）B.考查动词。句意：有些游戏，比如桥牌，需要很多技巧和非常专注的注意力。require"要求"，故选B。

（4）D.考查名词。句意：这个游戏并不适合所有人。分析句子结构，for后应接一个名词，everyone"所有人"，故选D。

7. （2021•静安区二模）

Marvelous Sidney

     Sidney's comic book hero is sent to magic lands to fight against an alien and a dragon.What's his doorway to these（1）　C　adventures？It's （spoiler alert（剧透警告）!）.. .a book.

    The real Sidney also knows that books can open doors.As a lifelong （2）　E　of reading，he started a club called Books N Bros for African American boys.It has more than 250 members across the U.S.The club manages to（3）　A　the joy of reading.But it gives members more than that.Reading is important in school and in life.So joining Sidney's crew of book﹣lovers sets kids up for future success.

    Austin and Sidney are just a few of the many inspiring young people seen in Marvel's Hero Project.Their stories （4）　D　you don't have to be a superhuman.As Marvel puts it，they're all"real kids making a real difference".

【解答】（1）C.考查形容词。句意：他通往这些奇妙冒险的大门是什么？分析句子结构，空处需填一个形容词修饰名词adventures，amazing"奇妙的"，故选C。

（2）E.考查名词。句意：作为一个终生的阅读爱好者，他为非裔美国男孩创立了一个名为Books N Bros的俱乐部。fan"粉丝，爱好者"，故选E。

（3）A.考查动词。句意：该俱乐部设法传播阅读的乐趣。spread"传播"，故选A。

（4）D.考查动词。句意：他们的故事证明你不一定要成为超人。prove"证明"，故选D。

三．选词填空（共23小题）

8. （2021•上海）

Emily and I are twins.We love cooking healthy food together!Our parents have always

cooked at home.They really（1）　D　us a lot.

    Working as sisters is interesting，as we have been through a large number of （2）　E　experiences.However，sometimes we'd like more space of our own in the kitchen.We try to be fair.If one person manages to （3）　A　a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos.Then we'll change jobs next time.

    Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be （4）　C　for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.

【解答】（1）D 考查动词。根据They really...us a lot.结合语境，可知是指：它们真的影响了我们很多。故填D。

（2）E 考查形容词。根据we have been through a large number of...experiences，可知是指：我们已经经历了许多难忘的经历。故填E。

（3）A 考查动词。根据If one person manages to...a dish，the other person will write the process and take photos，可知是指：如果一个人成功地创造了一道菜，另一个人将写下制作过程并拍照。故填A。

（4）C 考查形容词。根据Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be...for the Food and Health section in our school newspaper.可知是指：我们的菜很受欢迎，所以我们被邀请负责我们校报的食品和健康板块。be responsible for对……负责。故填C。

9. （2021•上海）

Sometimes not everything works out perfectly ﹣ and that's OK!For example，we don't know （1）　B　 what the readers want，so it's quite hard to choose a widely accepted picture of the food.But we try our best to meet their （2）　A　.We discuss the work and help each other to improve.That's the best part about working together.We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our（3）　C　.

    We love making new dishes，taking pictures，and then posting them on our school newspaper.It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣ （4）　E　 with food!When you eat healthily，it makes you feel better，and it can be twice as delicious.

【解答】（1）B 考查副词。根据we don't know...what the readers want，可知是指：我们不知道读者到底想要什么，故选B。

（2）A 考查名词。根据But we try our best to meet their...，结合前文"我们不知道读者到底想要什么"，可知此处是指：但是我们尽力满足他们的需求，故选A。

（3）C 考查名词。根据We have been awarded "Best Campus Cook" several times for our efforts.可知是指：由于我们的努力，我们多次被授予"最佳校园厨师"，故选C。

（4）E 考查副词。根据It's always good to try new things ﹣﹣...with food!When you eat healthily，可知是指：尝试新事物总是好的——尤其是食物!当你吃得健康。故选E。

10. （2021•嘉定区二模）A. frightened       B. festivals       C. drive away     D. excited      E. welcome

No one knows who flew the first kite. Two thousand years ago， Chinese farmers flew kites to（1）　E　 the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.

     In China， people also used kites during war time. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were（2）　A　 by the noise and ran away.

     About 1，300 years ago， Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there. Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods， Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would（3）　C　 the clouds and stop the rain. Today， kites are popular all over the world. Kite fans meet at（4）　B　 in many parts of the world and have great fun.

【解答】（1）E 考查动词。根据Two thousand years ago， Chinese farmers flew kites to...the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.结合选项，可知是指：两千年前，中国农民放风筝来迎接新年，给地球带来好运，故选E.

（2）A 考查形容词。根据The enemies were...by the noise and ran away.敌人被这声音吓得逃跑了。可知，故选A.

（3）C 考查短语。根据They hoped the kites would... the clouds and stop the rain，结合选项，可知是指：他们希望风筝能驱走云，止住雨，故选C.

（4）B 考查名词。根据Kite fans meet... at in many parts of the world，结合选项，可知是指：风筝爱好者在世界上许多地方都能看到风筝节，故选B.

11. （2021•嘉定区二模）A. inventors    B. feeling     C. understand   D. throw away     E. measure

Over the years， Kites have also helped people（1）　C　 the natural world. In 1749， for example， thermometers （温度计） were tied to kites to（2）　E　 temperatures. In 1906， kites were used to take pictures of San Francisco， California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do.

    Kites also helped（3）　A　 find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew， which helped them make the first successful airplane.

    Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air， people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate， relax and explore. So go to fly a kite! Enjoy the （4）　B　 of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries.

【解答】（1）C 考查动词。根据Over the years， Kites have also helped people...the natural world.可知是指：多年来，风筝也帮助人们了解自然世界。故选C.

（2）E 考查动词。根据后面的名词temperatures温度，可知是指测量温度，故选E.

（3）A 考查名词。根据Kites also helped... find out how to make airplanes.可知是指：风筝还帮助发明者找出了如何制造飞机。故选A.

（4）B 考查动词。根据Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries.可知是指：享受几个世纪以来放风筝的人所感受到的惊奇。故选B.

12. （2021•上海二模）

Nidhi Arora to be the HR manager of a large Indian company.After sitting on lots of job interviews，she（1）　C　 a serious problem.Today's young people are very clever.They do well in exams.However，they know little about current affairs.This is because they almost never read newspapers.

    In Arora's opinion，understanding what is happening around the world is（2）　D　.It helps young people know what they need to do：What does the world need？Could I create that？

    However，there was（3）　B　 problem.The newspapers adults read use difficult language.None could be given to a child.Arora decided to make a four﹣page paper for kids on her own.With encouragement from many mothers，the Children's Post was（4）　A　 in 2017.

【解答】（1）C.考查动词。句意"在参加了很多面试之后，她____一个严重的问题。"根据所给单词提示可知，句子缺少谓语动词，应该是"注意到"noticed。故选：C。

（2）D.考查形容词。句意"在Arora看来，了解世界各地正在发生的事情是很____。"根据所给单词提示可知，应该是"重要的"。is系动词，系表结构，填形容词important作表语。故选：D。

（3）B.考查不定代词。句意"然而，有____问题。"根据第一段最后两句However，they know little about current affairs.This is because they almost never read newspapers."然而，他们对时事知之甚少。这是因为他们几乎从不看报纸。"及所给单词提示可知，年轻人对时事知之甚少，除了不看报纸，还因为报纸里的词语对他们来说很难。因此是"另一个"问题。填another。故选：B。

（4）A.考查短语。句意"儿童邮递____于2017年。"根据所给单词提示可知，be born出生、诞生。故选：A。

13. （2021•上海二模）

The paper covers a wide（1）　D　 of topics，including international affairs，environment，technology and history.Readers can also find puzzles，poetry，short stories and（2）　B　 in the paper.Arora has managed to put together a team of seven editors.The editors decide the content.Sometimes，they ask their readers what they want to read more of and change accordingly.The completed copy then reaches Arora for further edits.She makes sure the facts and grammar are（3）　A　 and that the language is simple.

    Today，the Children's Post is the only（4）　E　newspaper for children in India.More than 3，500 copies are sold every day.Arora is always thinking about improving her paper.She hopes every kid in India could develop the habit of reading newspaper.

【解答】（1）D.考查名词。句意"这篇论文涵盖了____主题，包括国际事务、环境、技术和历史。"根据所给单词提示可知，a variety of..."各种各样的......"固定搭配。故选：D。

（2）B.考查名词。句意"读者还可以在报纸上找到谜题、诗歌、短篇小说和____。"根据所给单词提示可知，应该是"卡通"cartoons。故选：B。

（3）A.考查形容词。句意"她确保事实和语法是____，语言简单。"根据上一句The completed copy then reaches Arora for further edits"完成的副本然后到达Arora进行进一步编辑"及所给单词提示可知，应该是"正确的"。are系动词，系表结构，填形容词correct作表语。故选：A。

（4）E.考查名词。句意"今天，《儿童邮报》是印度唯一的儿童____。"根据所给单词提示可知，应该是"日报"daily。故选：E。

14. （2021•宝山区二模）

Sometimes，we all have trouble communicating with other people.This is a very（1）　B　problem.Some people are shy.Other people can't think of interesting conversation（2）　D　.Making conversation can be very difficult for them.If you have this problem，don't worry!We can teach you some easy（3）　A　for making conversation.These will help you find something fun to discuss.It doesn't matter whether you are with your new friends or with a（4）　C　stranger.

【解答】（1）B．考查形容词。根据"This is a very（1）_____ problem."结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指这是一个很常见的问题，后面的词语是名词，所以要用形容词common来填空。故填B.

（2）D．考查名词。根据" Other people can't think of interesting conversation（2）_____ ."结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指其他的人不认为是有趣的对话主题，所以要用subjects来填空。故填D.

（3）A．考查名词。根据"We can teach you some easy（3）_____ for making conversation. "结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指我们可以教你一些发起对话很简单的步骤，所以要用steps来填空。故填A.

（4）C．考查形容词。根据"It doesn't matter whether you are with your new friends or with a（4）_____ stranger."结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指你是一个新来的或者和一个彻头彻尾的陌生人说话，这些都不要紧。后面的词语是名词，以要用形容词complete来填空。故填C.

15. （2021•宝山区二模）

Making interesting conversation is actually very easy. You just have to pay attention and ask the right questions. Remember that questions are（1）　C　better than comments（评论）because people can answer questions. Don't say， "I like your shoes." It's better to say， "Where did you get your shoes？" This will keep the conversation going. Remember to（2）　E　private topics. People（3）　A　like to talk about their age or their income. In the beginning， discuss fun things like traveling and friends. You will find out what people like to talk about after you（4）　D　them better. The most important things is to be sincere. If you are， you might make a new friend!

【解答】（1）C．考查副词。根据"Remember that questions are（1）______better than comments（评论）because people can answer questions. "结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指记住问题通常是比评论更好一点的，这是因为人们可以回答问题，所以要用副词usually来填空。故填C.

（2）E．考查动词。根据"Remember to（2）______private topics."结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指记住要避免设计私人话题，所以要用动词avoid来填空。故填E.

（3）A．考查副词。根据"People（3）______like to talk about their age or their income. "结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指人们很少喜欢谈论他们的年龄或他们的收入，所以要用副词seldom来填空。故填A.

（4）D．考查动词。根据"You will find out what people like to talk about after you（4）______them better."结合给出的英语提示，可知此处是指在你对他们了解的更好了之后，你将会发现人们喜欢什么东西，所以要用动词know来填空。故填D.

16. （2021•长宁区二模）（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）

The Student Travel Exhibition in London is an annual event that aimed at students in their  late teens.It  brings organizations（1）　together　.I had been looking forward to this event because I   needed a（2）　reply　to my burning question：what should I do with my two﹣month  holiday？

    The exhibition is（3）　divided　into three areas.In the 'theatre area' you can watch talks and  presentations from experienced travellers.In the 'vacation area' you can find information about recreational holidays.And in the 'volunteer area' students who want to do（4）　charity　work can make  their own decision.

【解答】（1）together.考查副词。结合句意，它把组织带来___，结合选词，判断空格处词义为在一起，故答案为together。

（2）reply.考查名词。结合句意，我已经期待这个事件了因为我需要亟待解决的问题的_____，结合选词，判断空格处词义为回答，故答案为reply。

（3）divided.考查动词的过去分词。结合句意，展览_____三个部分，结合选词，判断空格处词义为分为，is后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态的谓语动词，故答案为divided。

（4）charity.考查名词。而且在"志愿者区"想做____工作的学生可以自己做决定，结合选词，判断空格处词义为慈善，故答案为charity。