05选择题(基础提升题)-上海市2021年中考英语真题&模拟卷分题型分类汇编(共30题)
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05选择题(基础提升题)
一、名词的词义辨析(共2小题)
- (2021•杨浦区二模)I had a headache on the train so I took some and fell asleep.( )
A.note B.photo C.medicine D.pills
- (2021•黄浦区二模)It is important for parents to give children plenty of to think for themselves.( )
A.room B.chance C.suggestion D.lesson
二、定冠词(the)(共1小题)
- (2021•静安区二模)The impression you make at _____ beginning of an interview is very important.( )
A.a B.an C.the D./
三、不定冠词(a,an)(共2小题)
- (2021•金山区二模)Before riding your E﹣bike, do yourself favour and wear a helmet(头盔).( )
A.a B.an C.the D./
- (2021•闵行区二模)The old man makes_____ living by selling vegetables in the market.( )
A.a B.an C.the D./
四、物主代词(共2小题)
- (2021•金山区二模)When returning to the school, the old teacher was shown around by a student of .( )
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
- (2021•闵行区二模)Visitors must show______health QR codes to the guards before entering.( )
A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
五、不定代词(共1小题)
- (2021•闵行区二模)We've got several ways to solve the problem but_____ of them works.( )
A.both B.all C.neither D.none
六、疑问代词(共1小题)
- (2021•普陀区二模)﹣﹣﹣ is in charge of the meeting?
﹣﹣ Penny. She knows much about the project.( )
A.Why B.Where C.What D.Who
七、代词辨析(共1小题)
- (2021•静安区二模)O.Henry wrote a lot of novels but I've only read ____ of them.( )
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
八、常用介词的辨析(共3小题)
- (2021•静安区二模)Victor dreamed______becoming a lawyer when he was a schoolboy.( )
A.of B.at C.to. D.for
- (2021•杨浦区二模)The jacket is made plastic and it can check your blood pressure.( )
A.of B.by C.up of D.for
- (2021•黄浦区二模)The Virtual School Library provides primary school children free online books.( )
A.for B.to C.with D.from
九、形容词的比较级和最高级(共3小题)
- (2021•闵行区二模)The "Double Eleven" Shopping Festival is one of____ shopping festivals in China.( )
A.large B.larger
C.largest D.the largest
- (2021•杨浦区二模)You should try to visit my hometown. One of beaches in the country is there.( )
A.popular B.more popular
C.most popular D.the most popular
- (2021•黄浦区二模)Ronaldo is one of players in the history of football.( )
A.successful B.more successful
C.most successful D.the most successful
十、形容词词义辨析(共4小题)
- (2021•闵行区二模)In the kindergarten, children like to play with Miss Guo as she looks so______.( )
A.gently B.friendly
C.politely D.beautifully
- (2021•奉贤区二模)Michael has read______ grammar books, but I am sorry to say that he has learned______from them.( )
A.few, a little B.a few, little
C.few, little D.a few, a little
- (2021•杨浦区二模)They're trying to build positive school climates where students feel to speak.( )
A.save B.safe C.safely D.safety
- (2021•奉贤区二模)Don't worry. The nurse is______to take care of the sick baby. ( )
A.enough carefully B.enough careful
C.carefully enough D.careful enough
十一、形容词的原级比较(共1小题)
- (2021•普陀区二模)The case isn't as as the detectives thought.( )
A.simple B.simpler
C.simplest D.the simplest
十二、连词辨析(共5小题)
- (2021•虹口区二模)The little girl is afraid of making mistakes in front of strangers, she seldom speaks in public.( )
A.for B.or C.so D.but
- (2021•静安区二模)The patient had to have the operation,______she would die.( )
A.or B.and C.so D.but
- (2021•静安区二模) the government has promised to improve road safety,little has been achieved so far.( )
A.If B.Although C.Unless D.Because
- (2021•奉贤区二模)_______you put your heart into the book, you won't understand it clearly. ( )
A.Unless B.Until C.Because D.Before
- (2021•奉贤区二模)The 15th underground line is coming to Fengxian,_______it will be easier for us to travel around.( )
A.as B.or C.but D.so
十三、情态动词(共4小题)
- (2021•普陀区二模)Without glasses, Terry see anything clearly.( )
A.can't B.needn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't
- (2021•金山区二模)It's so late. I'm afraid I go and make a phone call to my family.( )
A.must B.can C.may D.could
- (2021•静安区二模)As Chinese citizens, we_______be proud of who we are and take our responsibility.( )
A.can B.may C.need D.should
- (2021•黄浦区二模)Congratulations on passing your exam.You be very pleased with the result.( )
A.can B.may C.must D.need
参考答案与试题解析
一、名词的词义辨析(共2小题)
- (2021•杨浦区二模)I had a headache on the train so I took some and fell asleep.( )
A.note B.photo C.medicine D.pills
【解答】A. note 注释; B. photo 照片;C. medicine 药物; D. pills 药丸。根据句子"I had a headache on the train so I took some medicine and fell asleep."可推测句意应为我在火车上头痛,所以吃了些药就睡着了。固定短语 took some medicine 吃了些药。其他三项均不符合句意。
故选:C。
- (2021•黄浦区二模)It is important for parents to give children plenty of to think for themselves.( )
A.room B.chance C.suggestion D.lesson
【解答】根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是名词的词义辨析。A. room(不可数名词)空间; B. chance机会; C. suggestion 建议; D. lesson 教训。根据语境推测句意是"父母给孩子足够的空间让他们自己思考是很重要的。"plenty of room足够的空间。其余三个均不符合句意。
故选:A。
二、定冠词(the)(共1小题)
- (2021•静安区二模)The impression you make at _____ beginning of an interview is very important.( )
A.a B.an C.the D./
【解答】a,an,the三者都是冠词,a,an 是不定冠词 ,放在单数可数名词前面 ,表示某类人或事物中的"一个 、一名",表泛指,a用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前、an用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前.the 是定冠词,表特指,意为"这、那、这些、那些".放在可数名词和不可数名词前.由题干"你在面试开始时给人的印象很重要."可知,"面试开始"表特指,用定冠词,因此空格用the,所以答案应是the.
故选:C。
三、不定冠词(a,an)(共2小题)
- (2021•金山区二模)Before riding your E﹣bike, do yourself favour and wear a helmet(头盔).( )
A.a B.an C.the D./
【解答】不定冠词表示泛指一个,favour的首音是辅音,故要用a.
故选:A。
- (2021•闵行区二模)The old man makes_____ living by selling vegetables in the market.( )
A.a B.an C.the D./
【解答】a一个,修饰以辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,修饰以元音音素开头的单词;the表示特指;/零冠词。make a living by…"以…为生"固定搭配。living是以辅音音素/l/开头,用a修饰。
故选:A。
四、物主代词(共2小题)
- (2021•金山区二模)When returning to the school, the old teacher was shown around by a student of .( )
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
【解答】she 她,主格,用作主语;her 她的,形容词性物主代词,后面需要跟名词,也是宾格,用作宾语;hers 她的,名词性物主代词,后面不需要跟名词;herself 她自己,反身代词。a student of hers 是双重所有格,固定用法,相当于one of her students.
故选:C。
- (2021•闵行区二模)Visitors must show______health QR codes to the guards before entering.( )
A.they B.them C.their D.theirs
【解答】they,他们,主格,用作主语;them 他们,宾格,用作宾语;their 他们的,形容词性物主代词,后面需要跟名词;theirs 他们的,名词性物主代词,后面不跟名词。句中横线后有名词词组health QR codes ,所以用their。句意是"访客必须在进入前向门卫出示健康二维码"。
故选:C。
五、不定代词(共1小题)
- (2021•闵行区二模)We've got several ways to solve the problem but_____ of them works.( )
A.both B.all C.neither D.none
【解答】A表示两者都,B表示所有、全部,指三者及以上,C表示两者都不,D表示没有一个,指三者及以上。根据题干中several ways可知此处指三者及以上,其次由but可知我们用了几种方法来解决这个问题, 但是没有一个奏效,则D选项符合题意。
故选:D。
六、疑问代词(共1小题)
- (2021•普陀区二模)﹣﹣﹣ is in charge of the meeting?
﹣﹣ Penny. She knows much about the project.( )
A.Why B.Where C.What D.Who
【解答】A.为什么,B.哪里,C.什么,D.谁,根据句意彭妮她对这个项目很了解。她负责这次会议。彭妮是人,要用特殊疑问词who,谁。
故选:D。
七、代词辨析(共1小题)
- (2021•静安区二模)O.Henry wrote a lot of novels but I've only read ____ of them.( )
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
【解答】答案:B a few:一点点,用于修饰可数名词,肯定用法.few:用于可数名词,否定用法.little/a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意思,没有,几乎没有.a little 表示肯定意思,有一点儿.根据句意作者是讲仅仅只读过几本小说,表示肯定.novels小说 是复数可数名词故选:B。
八、常用介词的辨析(共3小题)
- (2021•静安区二模)Victor dreamed______becoming a lawyer when he was a schoolboy.( )
A.of B.at C.to. D.for
【解答】A. of ……的; B. at在; C. to. 至; D. for 为了。根据句子"Victor dreamed of becoming a lawyer when he was a schoolboy."可知句意为维克托上学时梦想成为一名律师。dreamed of becoming 梦想成为。其余三项均不符句意。
故选:A。
- (2021•杨浦区二模)The jacket is made plastic and it can check your blood pressure.( )
A.of B.by C.up of D.for
【解答】根据题干可知这个夹克是由塑料制作的,其中be made of表示由……制作,可看出原材料,则A选项符合题意。
故选:A。
- 2021•黄浦区二模)The Virtual School Library provides primary school children free online books.( )
A.for B.to C.with D.from
【解答】根据题干可知虚拟学校图书馆为小学生提供免费的在线图书,其中provide表示提供,动词,provide sb. with sth.或者provide sth. for sb.都可表示给某人提供某物,则C选项符合题意。
故选:C。
九、形容词的比较级和最高级(共3小题)
- (2021•闵行区二模)The "Double Eleven" Shopping Festival is one of____ shopping festivals in China.( )
A.large B.larger
C.largest D.the largest
【解答】短语one of+the+最高级+名词的复数形式表示最…之一,所以用最高级,be动词后面应该是形容词,形容词的最高级前面加the。
故选:D。
- (2021•杨浦区二模)You should try to visit my hometown. One of beaches in the country is there.( )
A.popular B.more popular
C.most popular D.the most popular
【解答】结合句子,有范围in the country.同时还有句型one of +最高级+可数名词复数,所以要用形容词的最高级,使用最高级时候,形容词前面要加the,所以用the most popular.
故选:D。
- (2021•黄浦区二模)Ronaldo is one of players in the history of football.( )
A.successful B.more successful
C.most successful D.the most successful
【解答】结合句子,有范围in the history of football.结合短语one of +最高级+可数名词复数,所以用形容词的最高级,使用最高级的时候形容词前面要加the,所以用the most successful.
故选:D。
十、形容词词义辨析(共4小题)
- (2021•闵行区二模)In the kindergarten, children like to play with Miss Guo as she looks so______.( )
A.gently B.friendly
C.politely D.beautifully
【解答】gently温柔地,副词;friendly友好的,形容词;politely有礼貌地,副词;beautifully美丽地,副词。这里looks"看起来"是系动词,系表结构,填形容词friendly作表语。
故选:B。
- (2021•奉贤区二模)Michael has read______ grammar books, but I am sorry to say that he has learned______from them.( )
A.few, a little B.a few, little
C.few, little D.a few, a little
【解答】a few一点儿,修饰可数名词复数.few几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数.a little一点儿,修饰不可数名词.little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词.根据:迈克已经读了几本语法书了,grammar books"语法书(可数)可知第一个空用a few;根据:但是我很遗憾地说他从那些书里几乎没有学到多少(知识)。可知此处学到的东西是不可数名词,结合but I am sorry to say that …这里表示转折,即读了几本书,但却没有学到多少东西,故用little表否定。
故选:B。
- (2021•杨浦区二模)They're trying to build positive school climates where students feel to speak.( )
A.save B.safe C.safely D.safety
【解答】save:动词,节省,挽救;safe:形容词,安全的;safely:副词,安全地;safety:名词,安全。根据句意:他们试图营造一种积极的校园氛围,让学生们可以放心的发言。结合feel为系动词后面加形容词可知safe符合题意。
故选:B。
- (2021•奉贤区二模)Don't worry. The nurse is______to take care of the sick baby. ( )
A.enough carefully B.enough careful
C.carefully enough D.careful enough
【解答】carefully:副词,仔细地;careful:形容词,仔细的;enough修饰形容词,放在形容词之后。根据题干可知:此处应该是说这个护士是足够细心的,应该用形容词careful。
故选:D。
十一、形容词的原级比较(共1小题)
- (2021•普陀区二模)The case isn't as as the detectives thought.( )
A.simple B.simpler
C.simplest D.the simplest
【解答】根据题干,可知是原级比较as…as…和……一样……,用形容词或副词原形。此处是形容词修饰名词case.
故选:A。
十二、连词辨析(共5小题)
- (2021•虹口区二模)The little girl is afraid of making mistakes in front of strangers, she seldom speaks in public.( )
A.for B.or C.so D.but
【解答】for 为了,表目的;or 或者,表选择;so 因此,所以,表结果;but 但是,表转折。因为这小女孩害怕在陌生人面前犯错,所以她不敢在公众场合讲话,两个句子之间是因果关系,so 符合题意。
故选:C。
- (2021•静安区二模)The patient had to have the operation,______she would die.( )
A.or B.and C.so D.but
【解答】or否则;and和;so所以;but但是。根据The patient had to have the operation,…she would die"病人不得不动手术,…她会死的"可知,应该是"否则"or。
故选:A。
- (2021•静安区二模) the government has promised to improve road safety,little has been achieved so far.( )
A.If B.Although C.Unless D.Because
【解答】答案:B
if如果,unless除非,二者都引导条件状语从句;although尽管,引导让步状语从句;because因为,引导原因状语从句;承诺得多,实现得少,所以要用让步状语从句,表转折意义,故选:B。
- (2021•奉贤区二模)_______you put your heart into the book, you won't understand it clearly. ( )
A.Unless B.Until C.Because D.Before
【解答】根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是连词的用法。A. Unless 除非;B. Until 直到……才; C. Because 因为;D. Before 之前。根据语境推测句意是"除非你把心放在书上,你不会明白的。"可知应用Unless 意为" 除非",Unless you put your heart into the book. 除非你把心放在书上。其余三个均不符合句意。
故选:A。
- (2021•奉贤区二模)The 15th underground line is coming to Fengxian,_______it will be easier for us to travel around.( )
A.as B.or C.but D.so
【解答】根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是连词的用法。A.as 作为;B.or 或者;C.but 但是; D.so 所以。根据语境推测句意是"地铁15号线就要到奉贤了,所以我们四处旅行会更容易。"可知应用 so 意为"所以", so it will be easier for us to travel around. 所以我们四处旅行会更容易。其余三个均不符合句意。
故选:D。
十三、情态动词(共4小题)
- (2021•普陀区二模)Without glasses, Terry see anything clearly.( )
A.can't B.needn't C.mustn't D.shouldn't
【解答】can't不能;needn't不必;mustn't禁止;shouldn't不应该。根据Without glasses"没有眼镜"可知,特里"不能"看清楚任何东西。
故选:A。
- (2021•金山区二模)It's so late. I'm afraid I go and make a phone call to my family.( )
A.must B.can C.may D.could
【解答】must必须;can能;may可以;could过去式。根据It's so late"太晚了"可知,恐怕我"必须"给家人打个电话。填must。
故选:A。
- (2021•静安区二模)As Chinese citizens, we_______be proud of who we are and take our responsibility.( )
A.can B.may C.need D.should
【解答】can能;may可以;need需要;should应该。根据we…be proud of who we are and take our responsibility"我们…为自己感到自豪,承担起自己的责任。"可知,填should"应该"。
故选:D。
- (2021•黄浦区二模)Congratulations on passing your exam.You be very pleased with the result.( )
A.can B.may C.must D.need
【解答】选项中,can表示"可以",may表示"可能",need表示"需要",must表示"肯定",结合语境,需要表达出,祝贺你通过了考试。你肯定对这个结果很满意。用must.
故选:C。
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