还剩4页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
译林版2019选修四UNIT 1 突破 语法大冲关学案
展开
这是一份译林版2019选修四UNIT 1 突破 语法大冲关学案，共7页。
[观察例句]
1．Child as she is，she knws a lt f things．
2．He talks as if (as thugh) he knew all abut it．
3．He is such a gd teacher that the students lve and respect him．
4．Where there is water，there is life．
5．He studied hard s that he culd catch up with his classmates．
6．Since yu are very busy，I wn't truble yu．
[归纳用法]
由从句充当的状语叫状语从句。状语从句在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子。它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
一、时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可由when，as，while，whenever，after，befre，till (until)，since，nce，as sn as (或the mment)，by the time，n sner．．．than，hardly
(scarcely)．．．when，every time等引导。
例如：
When I came int the ffice，the teachers were having a meeting．
当我进入办公室时，老师们正在开会。
He started as sn as he received the news．
他一得到这个消息就出发了。
二、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句最常用的连词是because，since，as，nw that(既然)等。
例如：
He is disappinted because he hasn't gt the psitin．
因为没有谋到那个职位，他很沮丧。
As it is raining，I will nt g ut．
因为外面正在下雨，我就不出去了。
Nw that yu mentin it，I d remember．
既然你提到那件事，我一定记住。
三、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。例如：
Sit wherever yu like．随便坐。
Make a mark where yu have a questin．
在你有疑问的地方做个标记。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①When/While I was walking dwn the street，I came acrss an ld friend f mine．
②Since n ne is against it，let's carry ut the plan．
③Yu'd better nt leave the medicine where kids can reach it．
四、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是s，s that(从句谓语常有情态动词)，in rder that，in case(以防，以免)等。例如：
Speak clearly s that they may understand yu．
说得清楚些以便他们能听懂。
She has bught the bk in rder that she culd fllw the TV lessns．
她买了这本书，目的是能收看电视课。
He left early in case he shuld miss the train．
他动身很早以免错过火车。
五、结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由s that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词)，s．．．that，such．．．that等引导。 例如：
She was ill，s that she didn't attend the meeting．
她病了，因此她没有参加会议。
He was s excited that he culd nt say a wrd．
他激动得说不出话来。
She is such a gd teacher that everyne admires her．
她是非常好的一个老师，我们每个人都很尊敬她。
[名师点津]
1．s．．．that的常用句型
s many/few＋可数名词复数＋that
s much/little＋不可数名词＋that
s＋形容词或副词＋that
s＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that
2．such．．．that 的常用句型
such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that
such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that
3．t．．．t，enugh．．．t 引导结果状语可以与s．．．that 替换。这种替换通常须具备两个条件：一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致；二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can(culd) nt。例如：
She is s yung that she can't g t schl．
She is t yung t g t schl．
She isn't ld enugh t g t schl．
六、条件状语从句
1．引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if，unless，s (as) lng as，n cnditin that，s (as) far as等。例如：
Yu may brrw the bk s lng as yu keep it clean．只要你让书保持干净，你就可以借。
[名师点津]
条件状语从句中的if 不能用whether替换。例如：
If he is nt in the ffice，he must be ut fr lunch．
如果他没在办公室，那他一定出去吃午饭了。
2．if 和unless的用法区别
if 表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless表示反向的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。例如：
If yu've gt exams tmrrw，why dn't yu study?
如果你明天有考试，你为什么不学习？
The sprts meet will begin tmrrw unless it rains．
运动会明天将要开始举行，除非下雨。
3．given(that)，prviding，prvided (that)，suppsing(that)，suppse (that)，as lng as，s lng as，n cnditin that 和in case这些连词(词组)意思相近，有“如果，只要，假如，假使，在……条件下”等意思。例如：
All living things respire as lng as they live．
所有的生物只要活着都要呼吸。
Suppsing (that) yu fail a secnd time，dn't get disappinted，but try again．
假如你又一次失败了，不要泄气，再试一次。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①She wrked hard s that everything wuld be ready in time．
②He walked s fast that I culdn't catch up with him．
③Yu will miss the train if yu dn't hurry．
七、让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由althugh，thugh，as，even if (thugh)，hwever，whatever，whether．．．r．．．，n matter wh (when，what．．．) 等引导。例如：
Whatever(＝N matter what)yu say，I'll never change my mind．
无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。
Althugh/Thugh she wrks very hard，(yet) she makes very slw prgress．
尽管她学习很努力，但还是进步不快。
Whenever I'm unhappy(＝N matter when I'm unhappy)，it is my friend wh cheers me up．
不管什么时候我不高兴，总是我的朋友给我鼓励。
[名师点津]
as引导的让步状语从句要倒装，即必须以形容词、名词或动词(原形)等开头，且整个从句位于主句之前；thugh引导的让步状语从句可倒装，可不倒装；althugh引导的让步状语从句不倒装。 例如：
Child as/thugh he is，he knws a lt．尽管他是个孩子，但是他知道的很多。
＝Althugh he is a child，he knws a lt．
八、方式状语从句
1．方式状语从句常由as，as if (thugh)，the way，rather than等引导。例如：
Yu must d the exercise as I shw yu．
你必须按照我给你做的示范动作来锻炼。
He acted as if nthing had happened．
他表现得好像什么也没发生一样。
2．as和just as用法区别
二者都表示“如……，犹如……，正如……”。just as 比as强调的语气更强。例如：
In the early days，peple culd nt cunt as we d nw．
在早些时候，人们不和我们现在一样能计数。
Mst plants need sunlight just as they need water．
大部分植物像它们需要水一样，也需要阳光。
九、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than，s (as)．．．as等引导。例如：
I have made a lt mre mistakes than yu have．
我犯的错误比你多多了。
He smkes cigarettes as expensive as he can affrd．
他吸他能买得起的香烟。
十、使用状语从句时要注意的问题
1．在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时(表示将来)。例如：
We'll g ut if it desn't rain tmrrw．
如果明天不下雨，我们将出去。
I'll write t yu as sn as I get t Shanghai．
我一到上海就给你写信。
2．有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句，如果主语与主句主语一致或是it，从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语＋ be”部分。例如：
When (he was) still a by f ten，he had t wrk day and night．
在只有十岁的时候，他就不得不日夜工作。
If (yu are) asked，yu may cme in．
如果被叫到，你就可以进来。
If (it is) necessary，I'll explain this prblem t yu again．
如果有必要，我会再向你解释这个问题。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①I'll get there，even if/thugh I have t walk．
②It was much better than I'd expected．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Dr．Bb came t China when he was fifty．
2．Since everyne is here，let's begin ur meeting．
3．I like the English peple，thugh I dn't like their fd．
4．Wherever/N matter where yu g，yu can see smiling faces．
5．Bill had s many falls that he gt black and blue all ver．
6．Because we had enugh time，we walked t the cinema．
7．We're ding everything we can t make things as easy fr yu as we can．
8．The meeting became s disrdered that the speaker had t shut the audience dwn．
9．It was much better than I'd expected．
10．Hard as/thugh he tried，he culdn't frce the dr pen．
Ⅱ．短文语法填空
A great French writer has said that we shuld help everyne as much as we can 1.because we ften need help urselves.The small even can help the great.Abut this，he tld the 2.fllwing(fllw) stry.
An ant was drinking by a small river and fell in.She tried her best 3.t reach(reach) the bank，but she culd nt mve at all.The pr ant gt t tired but was still ding her best 4.when a big bird saw her.Feeling pity fr the ant，the bird threw a piece f wd.With 5.it the ant reached the bank she was resting and drying 7.herself(her) in grass she heard a man cming up.He was walking withut shes n his feet and carrying a gun in his hand.As sn as he saw the bird，he wished t kill her，and he wuld 8.certainly(certain) d s.The ant bit him in ne f his feet and the bird flew away at nce.It was an animal much 9.weaker(weak) and smaller than the bird herself 10.that had saved her life.
[观察例句]
1．Child as she is，she knws a lt f things．
2．He talks as if (as thugh) he knew all abut it．
3．He is such a gd teacher that the students lve and respect him．
4．Where there is water，there is life．
5．He studied hard s that he culd catch up with his classmates．
6．Since yu are very busy，I wn't truble yu．
[归纳用法]
由从句充当的状语叫状语从句。状语从句在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子。它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
一、时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句可由when，as，while，whenever，after，befre，till (until)，since，nce，as sn as (或the mment)，by the time，n sner．．．than，hardly
(scarcely)．．．when，every time等引导。
例如：
When I came int the ffice，the teachers were having a meeting．
当我进入办公室时，老师们正在开会。
He started as sn as he received the news．
他一得到这个消息就出发了。
二、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句最常用的连词是because，since，as，nw that(既然)等。
例如：
He is disappinted because he hasn't gt the psitin．
因为没有谋到那个职位，他很沮丧。
As it is raining，I will nt g ut．
因为外面正在下雨，我就不出去了。
Nw that yu mentin it，I d remember．
既然你提到那件事，我一定记住。
三、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。例如：
Sit wherever yu like．随便坐。
Make a mark where yu have a questin．
在你有疑问的地方做个标记。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①When/While I was walking dwn the street，I came acrss an ld friend f mine．
②Since n ne is against it，let's carry ut the plan．
③Yu'd better nt leave the medicine where kids can reach it．
四、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是s，s that(从句谓语常有情态动词)，in rder that，in case(以防，以免)等。例如：
Speak clearly s that they may understand yu．
说得清楚些以便他们能听懂。
She has bught the bk in rder that she culd fllw the TV lessns．
她买了这本书，目的是能收看电视课。
He left early in case he shuld miss the train．
他动身很早以免错过火车。
五、结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由s that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词)，s．．．that，such．．．that等引导。 例如：
She was ill，s that she didn't attend the meeting．
她病了，因此她没有参加会议。
He was s excited that he culd nt say a wrd．
他激动得说不出话来。
She is such a gd teacher that everyne admires her．
她是非常好的一个老师，我们每个人都很尊敬她。
[名师点津]
1．s．．．that的常用句型
s many/few＋可数名词复数＋that
s much/little＋不可数名词＋that
s＋形容词或副词＋that
s＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that
2．such．．．that 的常用句型
such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that
such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that
3．t．．．t，enugh．．．t 引导结果状语可以与s．．．that 替换。这种替换通常须具备两个条件：一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致；二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can(culd) nt。例如：
She is s yung that she can't g t schl．
She is t yung t g t schl．
She isn't ld enugh t g t schl．
六、条件状语从句
1．引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if，unless，s (as) lng as，n cnditin that，s (as) far as等。例如：
Yu may brrw the bk s lng as yu keep it clean．只要你让书保持干净，你就可以借。
[名师点津]
条件状语从句中的if 不能用whether替换。例如：
If he is nt in the ffice，he must be ut fr lunch．
如果他没在办公室，那他一定出去吃午饭了。
2．if 和unless的用法区别
if 表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless表示反向的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。例如：
If yu've gt exams tmrrw，why dn't yu study?
如果你明天有考试，你为什么不学习？
The sprts meet will begin tmrrw unless it rains．
运动会明天将要开始举行，除非下雨。
3．given(that)，prviding，prvided (that)，suppsing(that)，suppse (that)，as lng as，s lng as，n cnditin that 和in case这些连词(词组)意思相近，有“如果，只要，假如，假使，在……条件下”等意思。例如：
All living things respire as lng as they live．
所有的生物只要活着都要呼吸。
Suppsing (that) yu fail a secnd time，dn't get disappinted，but try again．
假如你又一次失败了，不要泄气，再试一次。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①She wrked hard s that everything wuld be ready in time．
②He walked s fast that I culdn't catch up with him．
③Yu will miss the train if yu dn't hurry．
七、让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由althugh，thugh，as，even if (thugh)，hwever，whatever，whether．．．r．．．，n matter wh (when，what．．．) 等引导。例如：
Whatever(＝N matter what)yu say，I'll never change my mind．
无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。
Althugh/Thugh she wrks very hard，(yet) she makes very slw prgress．
尽管她学习很努力，但还是进步不快。
Whenever I'm unhappy(＝N matter when I'm unhappy)，it is my friend wh cheers me up．
不管什么时候我不高兴，总是我的朋友给我鼓励。
[名师点津]
as引导的让步状语从句要倒装，即必须以形容词、名词或动词(原形)等开头，且整个从句位于主句之前；thugh引导的让步状语从句可倒装，可不倒装；althugh引导的让步状语从句不倒装。 例如：
Child as/thugh he is，he knws a lt．尽管他是个孩子，但是他知道的很多。
＝Althugh he is a child，he knws a lt．
八、方式状语从句
1．方式状语从句常由as，as if (thugh)，the way，rather than等引导。例如：
Yu must d the exercise as I shw yu．
你必须按照我给你做的示范动作来锻炼。
He acted as if nthing had happened．
他表现得好像什么也没发生一样。
2．as和just as用法区别
二者都表示“如……，犹如……，正如……”。just as 比as强调的语气更强。例如：
In the early days，peple culd nt cunt as we d nw．
在早些时候，人们不和我们现在一样能计数。
Mst plants need sunlight just as they need water．
大部分植物像它们需要水一样，也需要阳光。
九、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than，s (as)．．．as等引导。例如：
I have made a lt mre mistakes than yu have．
我犯的错误比你多多了。
He smkes cigarettes as expensive as he can affrd．
他吸他能买得起的香烟。
十、使用状语从句时要注意的问题
1．在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时(表示将来)。例如：
We'll g ut if it desn't rain tmrrw．
如果明天不下雨，我们将出去。
I'll write t yu as sn as I get t Shanghai．
我一到上海就给你写信。
2．有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句，如果主语与主句主语一致或是it，从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语＋ be”部分。例如：
When (he was) still a by f ten，he had t wrk day and night．
在只有十岁的时候，他就不得不日夜工作。
If (yu are) asked，yu may cme in．
如果被叫到，你就可以进来。
If (it is) necessary，I'll explain this prblem t yu again．
如果有必要，我会再向你解释这个问题。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①I'll get there，even if/thugh I have t walk．
②It was much better than I'd expected．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Dr．Bb came t China when he was fifty．
2．Since everyne is here，let's begin ur meeting．
3．I like the English peple，thugh I dn't like their fd．
4．Wherever/N matter where yu g，yu can see smiling faces．
5．Bill had s many falls that he gt black and blue all ver．
6．Because we had enugh time，we walked t the cinema．
7．We're ding everything we can t make things as easy fr yu as we can．
8．The meeting became s disrdered that the speaker had t shut the audience dwn．
9．It was much better than I'd expected．
10．Hard as/thugh he tried，he culdn't frce the dr pen．
Ⅱ．短文语法填空
A great French writer has said that we shuld help everyne as much as we can 1.because we ften need help urselves.The small even can help the great.Abut this，he tld the 2.fllwing(fllw) stry.
An ant was drinking by a small river and fell in.She tried her best 3.t reach(reach) the bank，but she culd nt mve at all.The pr ant gt t tired but was still ding her best 4.when a big bird saw her.Feeling pity fr the ant，the bird threw a piece f wd.With 5.it the ant reached the bank she was resting and drying 7.herself(her) in grass she heard a man cming up.He was walking withut shes n his feet and carrying a gun in his hand.As sn as he saw the bird，he wished t kill her，and he wuld 8.certainly(certain) d s.The ant bit him in ne f his feet and the bird flew away at nce.It was an animal much 9.weaker(weak) and smaller than the bird herself 10.that had saved her life.
相关学案
译林版2019选修四UNIT 4 突破 语法大冲关学案： 这是一份译林版2019选修四UNIT 4 突破 语法大冲关学案，共4页。
译林版2019选修四UNIT 3 突破 语法大冲关学案： 这是一份译林版2019选修四UNIT 3 突破 语法大冲关学案，共6页。
译林版2019选修四UNIT 2 突破 语法大冲关学案： 这是一份译林版2019选修四UNIT 2 突破 语法大冲关学案，共5页。
