译林版2019选修四课时分层作业10

这是一份译林版2019选修四课时分层作业10，共7页。

1．The ld wman ceased(停止) breathing the night befre．
2．Yur decisin must be translated int specific，cncrete(具体的) actins．
3．A large vcabulary will help much when we are ding the reading cmprehensin(理解练习)．
4．When I saw the exam questins my mind just went blank(空白的)．
5．She reslved(决定) that she wuld never see him again．
6．Andy sat dwn at the table and inquired(询问) as t what the prblem was．
7．My main reasn fr subscribing(订阅) t New Scientist is t keep abreast f advances in science．
8．The huse is registered(登记) in her name，nt her husband's．
9．The decisin was criticized(批评) by envirnmental grups．
10．We are wrking n the assumptin(假设) that it was a gas explsin．
Ⅱ．阅读理解
A
S lng as teachers fail t distinguish difference between teaching and learning，they will cntinue t undertake t d fr children that which nly children can d fr themselves．Teaching children t read is nt passing reading n t them．It is certainly nt endless hurs spent in activities abut reading．Duglas insists that “reading cannt be taught directly and schls shuld stp trying t d the impssible”．
Teaching and learning are tw entirely different prcesses．They differ in kind and functin．The functin f teaching is t create the cnditins and the climate that will make it pssible fr children t plan cleverly the mst efficient(有效的) system fr teaching themselves t read．Teaching is als a public activity: It can be seen and bserved．
Learning t read invlves all that each individual des t understand the wrld f printed language．Almst all f it is private，fr learning is an ccupatin f the mind，and that prcess is nt pen t public scrutiny．
If teacher and learner rles are nt interchangeable，what then can be dne thrugh teaching that will aid the child in the lng search fr knwledge? Smith has ne principle rule fr all teaching instructins．“Make learning t read easy，which means making reading a meaningful，enjyable and frequent experience fr children．”
When the rles f teacher and learner are seen fr what they are，and when bth teacher and learner fulfill them prperly，then much f the pressure and feeling f failure fr bth is gt rid f．Learning t read is made easier when teachers create an envirnment where children are given the chance t slve the prblem f learning t read by learning．
【语篇解读】 本文从教与学的关系出发，提出了对孩子们的阅读教学方法的看法。
1．The prblem with the reading curse as mentined in the first paragraph is that ________．
A．t much time is spent in teaching abut reading
B．reading tasks are given with little guidance
C．it is ne f the mst difficult schl curses
D．students spend limited hurs in reading
A [推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句：在阅读活动方面并不是时间无休止的投入，也就是说：在阅读上花费的时间太多了。由此可推知此题答案为A。]
2．The teaching f reading will be successful if ________．
A．teachers can make their teaching activities bservable
B．teachers can teach their students hw t read
C．teachers can imprve cnditins at schl fr the
students
D．teachers can enable students t develp their wn way f reading
D [细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Learning t read is made easier when teachers create an envirnment where children are given the chance t slve the prblem f learning t read by learning．”可知，教师只是起到一个创设情境的作用，如何学会阅读，需要学生自己探索适合自己的方法，故答案为D。]
3．The wrd “scrutiny”(paragraph 3) mst prbably means “________”．
A．unbelief B．cntrl
C．inquiryD．bservatin
D [词义猜测题。根据上文“private”及单词所在的语句“nt pen t public scrutiny”可知，它们同义，由此可推知此题答案为D。]
4．The main idea f the passage is that________．
A．reading is mre cmplicated than believable
B．reading ability is smething gained rather than taught
C．teachers shuld encurage students t read as widely as pssible
D．teachers shuld d as little as pssible in helping students learn t read
B [主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第二句及全文内容可推知此题答案为B。]
B
Africa Water Week—nearly ne billin peple arund the wrld have n access t drinking water，that lack f clean water assciatin with un­prper hygiene and shrtage f tilets kills 3.3 millin a year．And this is a cmmn prblem in many parts f the develping wrld，but its effect is nt widely knwn，accrding t experts at the Pulitzer Center n Crisis Reprting．
As part f the Wrld Water Day traditin，the center is screening films abut internatinal water issues at the Envirnmental Film Festival in Washingtn，D．C．The films describe a variety f cnflicts ver water．
“The challenge in presenting these films，” says Peter Sawyer，prject crdinatr at the Pulitzer Center n Crisis Reprting，“is t share with a wider audience the urgent issues surrunding water．Our gal fr this screening is t just get these issues ut there，” he says．“We dn't feel that they attract public attentin and we think that they shuld because they are really imprtant．”
In Dhaka's Challenge，filmmaker Stephen Sapienza explres ne f the fastest grwing cities in Asia．He says ne­third f the 15 millin peple in the Bangladeshi capital live in places where safe water is limited．Each year 400，000 newcmers jin Dhaka's urban pr．City water frm Dhaka's Water and Sewer Authrity (WASA) cmes at a price，available nly t land wners．The film recrds hw a nn­prfit grup helped change the law t give the same equal water rights t the urban pr．
Diabalk Sing Ha，wh is the grup's funder，said，“A win­win situatin actually ccurred because Dhaka WASA wanted their incmes and n the ther hand，pr peple wanted the service and they immediately see the ecnmic advantage f getting Dhaka WASA water supply because that is cheap，s they immediately buy in．”
“My stry was just trying t pint ut that these prblems are slvable n sme level even if yu have t start small and it's pssible in the lng run t save many lives，” says Sapienza．
【语篇解读】 世界各地近10亿人无法获得饮用水，普利策危机报道中心的专家表示，在许多发展中国家，这是一个普遍问题，但其影响并不广为人知。作为世界水日传统的一部分，该中心正在华盛顿特区的环境电影节上放映有关国际水资源问题的影片《Dhaka的挑战》。文章还说明了这一电影的目的、内容以及人们对影片的看法。
5．Which f the fllwing is the main purpse f the films?
A．T shw the number f peple lacking clean water．
B．T let mre peple knw the serius water prblems．
C．T attract peple t pay attentin t the wrld cnflicts．
D．T get peple t have a gd knwledge f water．
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘The challenge in presenting these films，’ says Peter Sawyer，prject crdinatr at the Pulitzer Center n Crisis Reprting，‘is t share with a wider audience the urgent issues surrunding water．Our gal fr this screening is t just get these issues ut there，’ he says．”可知，电影的主要目的是让更多的人知道严重的水问题。故选B。]
6．What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A．Ways t get cheap water．
B．The film Dhaka's Challenge．
C．Filmmaker Stephen Sapienza．
D．A nn­prfit grup．
B [段落大意题。根据第四段中“In Dhaka's Challenge，filmmaker Stephen Sapienza explres ne f the fastest grwing cities in Asia．”以及结合后文“The film recrds hw a nn­prfit grup helped change the law t give the same equal water rights t the urban pr．”可知，第四段主要讲了电影《Dhaka的挑战》。故选B。]
7．Which f the fllwing des Diabalk Sing Ha agree with?
A．Mst peple can't affrd the water supply．
B．Rich peple in Dhaka will buy in at nce．
C．Pr peple in Dhaka need the service f water．
D．Dhaka WASA will see sn the ecnmic advantage．
C [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“A win­win situatin actually ccurred because Dhaka WASA wanted their incmes and n the ther hand，pr peple wanted the service and they immediately see the ecnmic advantage f getting Dhaka WASA water supply because that is cheap，s they immediately buy in．”可推知，Diabalk Sing Ha赞同Dhaka的穷人需要水。故选C。]
8．What des Sapienza intend t tell us by making the film Dhaka's Challenge?
A．The prblem f water can pssibly be slved．
B．All the peple cannt get city water frm WASA．
C．A win­win situatin is expected by every filmmaker．
D．Dhaka WASA is very ppular with the lcal peple．
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘My stry was just trying t pint ut that these prblems are slvable n sme level even if yu have t start small and it's pssible in the lng run t save many lives，’ says Sapienza．”可知，通过制作电影《Dhaka的挑战》，Sapienza想告诉我们水的问题是有可能解决的。故选A。]
Ⅲ．阅读七选五
Firefighters put their lives in danger every day t save lives and t battle fires befre they can spread any further． 1 Here's what firefighters want yu t knw．
It culd happen t yu．
Peple have the mindset in many cases that fires will never happen t them． 2 In the fire service，ne f the first things new firefighters are taught is t “expect the unexpected” and it's nt just true fr firefighters．And even yu're nt in a fire，frest fires can affect the whle planet．
Never hide frm r attempt t fight a fire．
In the event f a fire，the nly thing that shuld be n yur mind is escaping．Never try t fight a fire r hide frm ne．Instead，try t escape as sn as pssible．Then waste n time in calling the fire department． 3
Yu nly have ne t tw minutes t escape．
If yu were taught fire safety in schl 40 years ag，yu may have heard yu have arund 17 minutes t escape a fire． 4 Cnstructin materials，furniture，and flr plans have changed，reducing the time t ne r tw minutes．But remain calm．That's actually plenty f time t escape safely．
5
Being in a burning building gets peple injured and even killed．Once yu're ut，stay ut，and let the fire department d its jb．If smene r a pet is trapped，please knw that firefighters are trained in escape and lifesaving measures．
A．That can be a deadly assumptin．
B．Never enter r g back int a fire．
C．Life and safety is f the first imprtance．
D．While it was true then，it's nt true anymre．
E．The faster firefighters are infrmed，the earlier they will arrive．
F．Pay attentin t ptential fire dangers that may be in yur hme．
G．They're a vast surce f knwledge when it cmes t preventing and surviving huse fires．
【语篇解读】 文章讲述了消防员让人们知道的消防知识。
1．G [上文“Firefighters put their lives in danger every day t save lives and t battle fires befre they can spread any further．”介绍消防员的工作，下文“Here's what firefighters want yu t knw．”说明下文是消防员想让你知道的，因此推断空格处承上启下，说明消防员有丰富的消防知识可以共享，故选G。]
2．A [空格上文“Peple have the mindset in many cases that fires will never happen t them．”说明一种假设，A项中的“assumptin”符合语境，that指代上文提到的假设。故选A。]
3．E [上文“Then waste n time in calling the fire department．”说明要尽快给消防队打电话，根据常识可推断，这样消防员得到的通知越快，到达得越早。故选E。]
4．D [空格上文“If yu were taught fire safety in schl 40 years ag，yu may have heard yu have arund 17 minutes t escape a fire．”以及下文“Cnstructin materials，furniture，and flr plans have changed，reducing the time t ne r tw minutes．”可推断，以前的消防知识现在不对了。故选D。]
5．B [空格处是段落标题。本段讲述待在燃烧的大楼里会让人受伤甚至死亡。一旦你出去了，就待在外面，让消防部门来做他们的工作。如果有人或宠物被困，要知道消防员在逃生和救生措施方面受过训练。因此推断本段主要讲述不要回到火场中。故选B。]