专题07 阅读理解说明文、议论文-2022年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编

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（2022年全国甲卷）Gffin’s cckats, a kind f small parrt native t Australasia, have been shwn t have similar shape-recgnitin abilities t a human tw-year-ld. Thugh nt knwn t use tls in the wild, the birds have prved skilful at tl use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cckats were presented with a bx with a nut inside it. The clear frnt f the bx had a “keyhle” in a gemetric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” t chse frm. Inserting the crrect “key” wuld let ut the nut.
In humans, babies can put a rund shape in a rund hle frm arund ne year f age, but it will be anther year befre they are able t d the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability t recgnize that a shape will need t be turned in a specific directin befre it will fit is called an “allcentric frame f reference”. In the experiment, Gffin’s cckats were able t select the right tl fr the jb, in mst cases, by visual recgnitin alne. Where trial-and-errr was used, the cckats did better than mnkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Gffin’s cckats d indeed pssess an allcentric frame f reference when mving bjects in space, similar t tw-year-ld babies.
The next step accrding t the researchers, is t try and wrk ut whether the cckats rely entirely n visual clues (线索), r als use a sense f tuch in making their shape selectins.
24. Hw did the cckats get the nut frm the bx in the experiment?
A. By fllwing instructins.B. By using a tl.
C. By turning the bx arund.D. By remving the lid.
25. Which task can human ne-year-lds mst likely cmplete accrding t the text?
A. Using a key t unlck a dr.B. Telling parrts frm ther birds.
C. Putting a ball int a rund hle.D. Gruping tys f different shapes.
26. What des the fllw-up test aim t find ut abut the cckats?
A. Hw far they are able t see.B. Hw they track mving bjects.
C. Whether they are smarter than mnkeys.D. Whether they use a sense f tuch in the test.
27. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Cckats: Quick Errr CheckersB. Cckats: Independent Learners
C. Cckats: Clever Signal-ReadersD. Cckats: Skilful Shape-Srters
（2022年全国甲卷）
Smetime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discvered its harbr. Then, ne after anther, Sydney discvered lts f things that were just srt f there — brad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse ppulatin. But it is the harbr that makes the city.
Andrew Reynlds, a cheerful fellw in his early 30s, pilts Sydney ferrybats fr a living. I spent the whle mrning shuttling back and frth acrss the harbr. After ur third run Andrew shut dwn the engine, and we went ur separate ways — he fr a lunch break, I t explre the city.
“I’ll miss these ld bats,” he said as we parted.
“Hw d yu mean?” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re nt s elegant, and they’re nt fun t pilt. But that’s prgress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and prgress are the watchwrds (口号), and traditins are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s fficial histrian, tld me that in its rush t mdernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much f its past, including many f its finest buildings. “Sydney is cnfused abut itself,” she said. “We can’t seem t make up ur minds whether we want a mdern city r a traditinal ne. It’s a cnflict that we aren’t getting any better at reslving (解决).”
On the ther hand, being yung and ld at the same time has its attractins. I cnsidered this when I met a thughtful yung businessman named Anthny. “Many peple say that we lack culture in this cuntry,” he tld me. “What peple frget is that the Italians, when they came t Australia, brught 2000 years f their culture, the Greeks sme 3000 years, and the Chinese mre still. We’ve gt a fundatin built n ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism f a yung cuntry. It’s a pretty hard cmbinatin t beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they wuld keep thse ld ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture.B. The cultural diversity f Sydney.
C. The key t Sydney’s develpment.D. Sydney’s turist attractins in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn abut Andrew Reynlds?
A. He ges t wrk by bat.B. He lks frward t a new life.
C. He pilts catamarans well.D. He is attached t the ld ferries.
34. What des Shirley Fitzgerald think f Sydney?
A. It is lsing its traditins.B. It shuld speed up its prgress.
C. It shuld expand its ppulatin.D. It is becming mre internatinal.
35. Which statement will the authr prbably agree with?
A. A city can be yung and ld at the same time.
B. A city built n ancient cultures is mre dynamic.
C. Mdernity is usually achieved at the cst f elegance.
D. Cmprmise shuld be made between the lcal and the freign.
3.（2022年全国乙卷）
Can a small grup f drnes（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability f railways and, at the same time, help railway peratrs save billins f eurs each year? That is the very likely future f applying tday's "eyes in the sky" technlgy t making sure that the millins f kilmetres f rail tracks and infrastructure（基础设施）wrldwide are safe fr trains n a 24/7 basis.
Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines. They culd d precisely the same thing t inspect railway lines and ther vital aspects f rail infrastructure such as the crrect psitin f railway tracks and switching pints. The mre regularly they can be inspected, the mre railway safety, reliability and n-time perfrmance will be imprved. Csts wuld be cut and peratins wuld be mre efficient（高效）acrss the bard.
That includes huge savings in maintenance csts and better prtectin f railway persnnel safety. It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerus wrk that culd be avided with drnes assisting the crews' effrts.
By using the latest technlgies, drnes culd als start prviding higher-value services fr railways, detecting faults in the rail r switches, befre they can cause any safety prblems. T perfrm these tasks, drnes fr rail dn't need t be flying verhead. Engineers are nw wrking n a new cncept: the rail drnes f the future. They will be mving n the track ahead f the train, and prgrammed t run autnmusly. Very small drnes with advanced sensrs and AI and travelling ahead f the train culd guide it like a c-pilt. With their ability t see ahead, they culd signal any prblem, s that fast-mving trains wuld be able t react in time.
28. What makes the applicatin f drnes t rail lines pssible?
A. The use f drnes in checking n pwer lines. B. Drnes' ability t wrk at high altitudes.
C. The reductin f cst in designing drnes. D. Drnes' reliable perfrmance in remte areas.
29. What des "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Persnnel safety. B. Assistance frm drnes.
C. Inspectin and repair. D. Cnstructin f infrastructure.
30. What functin is expected f the rail drnes?
A. T prvide early warning. B. T make trains run autmatically.
C. T earn prfits fr the crews. D. T accelerate transprtatin.
31. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drnes
B. Hw Prductin f Drnes Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drne Develpment Will Face
D. Hw Drnes Will Change the Future f Railways
4. （2022年全国乙卷）
The Gvernment's sugar tax n sft drinks has brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted it wuld generate, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn.
First annunced in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity（肥胖）. It is believed that tday's children and teenagers are cnsuming three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a higher risk f the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected t make £520m a year fr the Treasury. Hwever, data f the first six mnths shwed it wuld make less than half this amunt. At present it is expected t generate £240m fr the year ending in April 2019, which will g t schl sprts.
It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）s they can avid paying the tax. Drinks nw cntain 45 millin fewer kils f sugar as a result f manufacturers' effrts t avid the charge, accrding t Treasury figures. Since April drinks cmpanies have been frced t pay between 18p and 24p fr every litre f sugary drink they prduce r imprt, depending n the sugar cntent.
Hwever, sme high sugar brands, like Classic Cca Cla, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing t change fr fear f upsetting cnsumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax, as are small cmpanies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Tday's figures, accrding t ne gvernment fficial, shw the psitive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millins f punds fr sprts facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schls. Helping the next generatin t have a healthy and active childhd is f great imprtance, and the industry is playing its part.
32. Why was the sugar tax intrduced?
A. T cllect mney fr schls. B. T imprve the quality f drinks.
C. T prtect children's health. D. T encurage research in educatin.
33. Hw did sme drinks cmpanies respnd t the sugar tax?
A. They turned t verseas markets. B. They raised the prices f their prducts.
C. They cut dwn n their prductin. D. They reduced their prducts' sugar cntent.
34. Frm which f the fllwing is the sugar tax cllected?
A. Mst alchlic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Cke.
35. What can be inferred abut the adptin f the sugar tax plicy?
A. It is a shrt-sighted decisin. B. It is a success stry.
C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets custmers.
3. (2022年全国高考新高考I卷)
Human speech cntains mre than 2,000 different sunds, frm the cmmn “m” and “a” t the rare clicks f sme suthern African languages. But why are certain sunds mre cmmn than thers? A grund-breaking, five-year study shws that diet-related changes in human bite led t new speech sunds that are nw fund in half the wrld’s languages.
Mre than 30 years ag, the schlar Charles Hckett nted that speech sunds called labidentals, such as “f” and “v”, were mre cmmn in the languages f scieties that ate sfter fds. Nw a team f researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University f Zurich, Switzerland, has fund hw and why this trend arse.
They discvered that the upper and lwer frnt teeth f ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard t prduce labidentals, which are frmed by tuching the lwer lip t the upper teeth. Later, ur jaws changed t an verbite structure (结构), making it easier t prduce such sunds.
The team shwed that this change in bite was cnnected with the develpment f agriculture in the Nelithic perid. Fd became easier t chew at this pint. The jawbne didn’t have t d as much wrk and s didn’t grw t be s large.
Analyses f a language database als cnfirmed that there was a glbal change in the sund f wrld languages after the Nelithic age, with the use f “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thusand years. These sunds are still nt fund in the languages f many hunter-gatherer peple tday.
This research verturns the ppular view that all human speech sunds were present when human beings evlved arund 300,000 years ag. ”The set f speech sunds we use has nt necessarily remained stable since the appearance f human beings, but rather the huge variety f speech sunds that we find tday is the prduct f a cmplex interplay f things like bilgical change and cultural evlutin,“ said Steven Mran, a member f the research team.
32. Which aspect f the human speech sund des Damián Blasi’s research fcus n?
A. Its variety.B. Its distributin.C. Its quantity.D. Its develpment.
33. Why was it difficult fr ancient human adults t prduce labidentals?
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lwer teeth.
B. They culd nt pen and clse their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were nt cnveniently structured.
D. Their lwer frnt teeth were nt large enugh.
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Supprting evidence fr the research results.
B. Ptential applicatin f the research findings.
C. A further explanatin f the research methds.
D. A reasnable dubt abut the research prcess.
35. What des Steven Mran say abut the set f human speech sunds?
A. It is key t effective cmmunicatin.B. It cntributes much t cultural diversity.
C. It is a cmplex and dynamic system.D. It drives the evlutin f human beings.
二、2022届模拟题
Passage 1（2022·河南·模拟预测）
The US space agency NASA has revealed an astnishing picture revealing new secrets f the Earth’s hme galaxy (星系), the Milky Way. The sun is just ne f hundreds f billins f stars that frm the huge shape f ur galaxy. Our slar system sits in an utlying regin but the new image fcuses n the centre f the Milky Way, a “nisy” area because f all the crwded stars. Light frm this regin takes abut 26,000 years t reach Earth. Fr cmparisn, light takes just eight minutes t reach us frm the sun.
The researchers use the data cllected by tw telescpes that see the sky in ways that are very different frm the visible light ur eyes can see t frm the new image. Mst f the data cmes frm 370 different pictures taken ver the past 20 years by NASA’s Chandra X Observatry. This satellite telescpe detects X-rays ut in space. X-rays are a frm f radiatin that is sent ut when vilent events heat matter t temperatures f millins f degrees. Other data cmes frm the MeerKAT telescpe in Suth Africa, which can detect radi waves frm space. These waves have much less energy than X-rays. They are usually prduced by cler material, such as huge cluds f gas between the stars.
The brightest surces include neutrn stars which are the cres f huge stars that ran ut f fuel and cllapsed t city-sized balls f super ht matter. Many neutrn stars and black hles jet ut gases that appear in the picture as purple streaks (斑纹). Pwerful magnetic fields in the area cause the jets t bend as they get further frm their surce. Astrnmer Dr Daniel Wang, wh has wrked n the image ver the past year, said the new picture described “a vilent r energetic ecsystem”.
1．What can be learned abut the Milky Way?
A．The center f it remains unknwn.
B．The sun isn’t lcated in the center f it.
C．Its center is very peaceful.
D．Its center features fewer stars.
2．What’s paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．The cllectin f space data.
B．The functin f the MeerKAT telescpe.
C．The differences f space waves.
D．The frmatin f the new image.
3．What can we knw abut the gases jetted ut by the black hle?
A．They will absrb surrunding materials.
B．They will frm super big matter.
C．They get bent if away frm their surce.
D．They are likely t explde when superheated.
4．What may be the best title fr the text?
A．Our galaxy’s vilent heartB．An attempt t travel in uter space
C．Radi waves frm uter spaceD．Stars’ purple streaks
Passage 2（2022·吉林长春·模拟预测）
Have a hard time waking up when it’s cld ut? Scientists say yur brain is t blame. A study cnducted by scientists frm Nrthwestern University made it pssible t ffer sme explanatins fr this phenmenn.
Their study n fruit flies shws hw seasnally cld and dark cnditins can prhibit neurns within the fly brain that prmte activity and wakefulness frm sending ut signals, particularly in the mrning. It helps explains why, fr bth flies and humans, it is s hard t wake up in the mrning in winter.
“By studying behavirs in a fruit fly, we can better understand hw and why temperature is s vital t regulate sleep,” said Marc Galli, assciate prfessr f neurbilgy in the Weinberg Cllege f Arts and Sciences.
The study describes fr the first time “abslute cld” receptrs in the fly antenna, which respnd t temperature nly belw the fly’s “cmfrt zne” f abut 25°C．Having recgnized thse neurns, the researchers fllwed them all the way t their targets within the brain. They fund their targets are a small grup f brain neurns that are part f a larger netwrk that cntrls rhythms f activity and sleep. When the neurns they discvered are active, the target cells, which nrmally are made active by mrning light, are shut dwn.
“Temperature sensing is ne f the mst fundamental abilities,” said Galli, whse grup is ne f nly a few in the wrld that are systematically studying temperature sensing in fruit flies. “The principles we are finding in the fly brain, the lgic and rganizatin, may be the same all the way t humans. And future studies n human brain will surely find sme reference infrmatin in this study.”
5．Why is it hard fr flies t wake up in cld mrnings?
A．Cld cnditins disable the antennas f flies.
B．Flics have fewer neurns in the brain than humans.
C．Cldness stps flies’ neurns frm functining well.
D．Flies’ neurns cntrlling wakefulness are damaged.
6．What d we knw abut the study?
A．It fcuses mainly n hw fly brains wrk.
B．It helps explain hw temperature affects sleep.
C．It aims at slving humans’ sleeping prblems.
D．It shws the similarities between fly brains and human brains.
7．Which part f a fruit fly will be made active when it is cld?
A．Its antenna.B．Its target cells.
C．Its “abslute cld” receptrs.D．Its netwrk cntrlling sleep.
8．What’s Galli’s attitude twards the practical value f the findings?
A．Psitive.B．Dubtful.C．Ambiguus.D．Disappinted.
Passage 3（2022·吉林长春·模拟预测）
New Yrk-based Ecvative has been creating envirnmentally friendly packaging made frm mushrms and agricultural waste since 2009. Nw, the cmpany wants t bring their amazing material int hmes and ffices with a new line f cmpstable (可堆肥的) furnishings that are grwn using just three materials: mycelium (the vegetative part f mushrms), hemp (麻类植物), and salt.
While creating hard material frm mushrms might sund magical, the cmpany’s CEO Eben Bayer says it is a relatively lw-tech prcess and cmpares it t “making bread”. The cmpany begins by adding a few mycelium cells t damp hemp r ther agricultural waste.
The mycelium that grws like little hairs is allwed t twist with the waste until everything is ”glued“ tgether. The cmbinatin is then mixed again and placed int the desired mld (模具) where it cntinues t grw and harden. The resulting material is then baked in the ven. In additin t making it as strng as wd, the heat als kills the mycelium, thus giving the cmpstable material a similar shelf life t wd.
Als, thugh the table tps f the stylish Tafl and King’s tables released at the recently held Bifabricate 2016 cnference in New Yrk City resemble marble, they are far frm it. The perfectly carved blcks are made f a material grwn by a Nrth Carlina-based cmpany named biMASON using grains f sands and bacteria.
As yu have prbably guessed, this waste-free furniture des nt cme cheap. Custmers can expect t pay anywhere frm $249 USD fr the Tafl t $699 USD fr the King’s table, bth f which are nly available in limited quantities. Thse that cannt affrd thse prices can chse cheaper GIY (grw it yurself) nes made f varius prducts ranging frm Christmas tree decratins t lamp shades.
9．Why did Eben cmpare making hard materials t making bread?
A．Their raw materials are the same.B．Their prduct appearances are alike.
C．Their prductin prcesses are simple.D．Their prductin csts are relatively lw.
10．What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The methd f making mushrms hard.B．Hw t make mushrm furniture materials.
C．What are needed t make mushrm furniture.D．The difficulties f making mushrm furniture.
11．What can we learn abut Tafl and King’s tables?
A．They are in limited supply.B．They are ffered in GIY frms.
C．They cnsist mainly f marble.D．They are designed by biMASON.
12．What is the best title fr the text?
A．The Inventin f New Kinds f Furniture
B．The First Sale f Furniture Made f Mushrms
C．Scientists Fund New Material t Make Furniture
D．Future Furniture May Be Grwn frm Mushrms
Passage 4 （2022·河南安阳·模拟预测）
Instead f a human deliveryman, Beijing resident Xia Wei received his nline rder fr daily necessities in less than 30 minutes frm an unmanned delivery vehicle.
The fur-wheeled vehicle named “magic bag” is 1.56 meters high, 2.77 meters lng, and 1.19 meters wide. Weighing 500 kg, it can carry abut 100 kg f gds at a time and run a distance f 100 km n a single charge with a maximum traveling speed f 20 kph.
After custmers place rders n the Meituan app, an intelligent distributin system will assign rders t thse autnmus vehicles, which will pick up and deliver gds t pick-up statins at the final destinatins. Custmers can cllect the delivery frm the statins withut any human cntact during the whle prcess, said Meituan Dianping, China’s majr nline fd delivery platfrm.
“I can check the real-time rute f the driverless vehicle. It is fast, cnvenient and safe as well,” said Xia. “This is als the first time that Meituan has used unmanned vehicles t cmplete delivery rders n pen rads.” Meanwhile, accrding t Meituan, daily sales n its retail grcery service app have increased by 200 t 300 percent in Beijing cmpared t figures frm befre the epidemic.
The catering（餐饮）chain brand Xiaheng Dumplings has cperated with an unmanned vehicle enterprise t pilt unmanned vehicle delivery services in Beijing. Li Heng, the funder f Xiaheng Dumplings, believes unmanned delivery is the future f the industry as it is cleaner, safer and mre efficient. “An unmanned vehicle can deliver 300 t 400 meals a day, while a deliveryman can nly deliver dzens f meals,” Li said. Xiaheng’s unmanned vehicles have a heat preservatin functin. A new type f vehicle with a freezing functin will be intrduced in the future t deliver frzen fd.
Meituan and Xiaheng will cntinue the unmanned delivery service in the future. Mre varieties f gds, including fd, medicine, and daily necessities, will be added t such delivery services.
13．What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A．The rigin f driverless delivery vehicles.
B．The intrductin f driverless delivery vehicles.
C．The reasn fr using driverless delivery vehicles.
D．The backgrund f creating driverless delivery vehicles.
14．What are custmers required t d t place rders?
A．Cntact the fd delivery platfrm.
B．Cllect grceries at the pick-up statin.
C．Dwnlad a Meituan app.
D．Track the real-time rute f the vehicle.
15．What is Li Heng’s attitude twards unmanned delivery vehicles?
A．Favrable.B．Suspicius.C．Cautius.D．Indifferent.
16．What can we learn frm the text?
A．Driverless vehicles have been in peratin in many cities.
B．Mre types f gds will be delivered by driverless vehicles.
C．Driverless vehicles can hand gds t the custmers directly.
D．Meituan is experiencing a huge labr shrtage f delivering.
Passage 5（2022·福建厦门·模拟预测）
Our planet is hme t many radiactive substances-nt just in is gelgic innards but als in its hspitals, at its industrial sites and in its fd prcessing plants. In Clrad, fr instance, 27 buildings huse scary-sunding chemical elements such as cesium 137 and cbalt 60. These materials are nt there fr risky purpses, thugh. They play a part in cancer treatment, bld irradiatin, medical and fd sterilizatin, structure and equipment testing, gelgic explratin, etc.
The radiactive material is nt always bad in a black and-white way: it can be a useful tl. The rays given ff by cesium and cbalt can kill germs multiplying in yur meat and make yur apples last lnger. Radigraphic instruments can detect, say, cracks in a city’s pipes in a similar way t an x-ray picking up a hairline fracture in yur knee. A practice called “well lgging” uses sealed radiactive surces t map the gelgy f hles il seekers drill int the earth. And f curse, radiatin is key t cancer treatment.
The risk arises because the same radiactive material that is beneficial culd als be stlen r misplaced and find its way int trafficking rings r dirty bmbs. It might als barn wrkers if smething accidentally ges wrng during a nrmal nine-t-five day. In 2017 alne, accrding t a reprt frm the James Martin Center fr Nnprliferatin Studies, there were 171 “incidents f nuclear r ther radiactive materials utside f regulatry cntrl” based n pen surce reprts, 104 f which happened in the U.S.
An initiative called RadSecure 100 was launched t remve and better secure energetic material in 100 U.S. cities. “Where is the mst high-risk material lcated arund the mst peple?” says Emily Adams, deputy directr f a dmestic prgram in the Office f Radilgical Security. “And that’s hw we gt ur 100.”
17．What message des the authr seem t cnvey in paragraph 1?
A．Radiactive substances can warm ur planet.
B．Fd prcessing des harm t wrkers in plants.
C．The radiactive material is basically everywhere.
D．It’s hard t remve scary-sunding elements in buildings.
18．Why des the authr mentin “well lgging” in paragraph 2?
A．T make a summary.B．T raise a questin.
C．T prvide a cntrast.D．T supprt an idea.
19．What is RadSecure 100 intended fr?
A．Making use f energetic substances.B．Ensuring safety f the radiactive material.
C．Warning peple f the mst high-risk materialD．Prtecting the Office f Radilgical Security.
20．What is the writer’s attitude twards the radiactive material?
A．Pessimistic.B．Objective.C．Disapprval.D．Carefree.
Passage 6（2022·陕西·宝鸡中学模拟预测）
Fr thusands f years, mankind has bred plants and animals t create mre desired and useful plants and animals. Fr instance, mdern crn has been bred t such a large size that it is n lnger able t reprduce withut man’s assistance. Mdern dairy cws prduce t much milk; and if they are nt ften drained f milk, they culd leak, burst, becme infected, and pssibly die. Furthermre, mst dmesticated dgs can nt survive in the wild even with special training. Since natural evlutin is extremely slw and mankind’s selective breeding prgrams nly take a few generatins t prduce a cmpletely new species, natural evlutin has already taken a backseat t mankind’s breeding prgrams.
Additinally, mankind has successfully killed ff several species all tgether. Fr instance, there are n mre Eurpean wlves in existence and mammths prbably became extinct because f mankind. Even certain diseases have been permanently eradicated (根除) frm the planet, and dzens f ther diseases will sn fllw. Again, natural evlutin did nt cause mst extinctin during humanity’s reign.
Currently, scientists are creating new species with desired characteristics in the lab significantly faster than evlutin creates new species. In a single generatin, new species can be artificially created and destryed, while natural evlutin culd take thusands f years t d the same but nly haphazardly (偶然地). Scientists are even able t replace flawed (有缺陷的) r damaged genes with different genes in an attempt t cure genetic defects. This is smething that natural evlutin culd pssibly never crrect.
Eventually scientists will be able t enhance even peple. Fr example, imagine nt nly crrecting yur eyesight with gene therapy, but als ensuring that all f yur descendants d nt inherit yur ld genes f pr eyesight t. Scientists will ne day be able t enhance the memry and intelligence f yur children, s that they will d better in schl and achieve mre in life. Dctrs and scientists will be able t custmize babies befre they are brn just like picking ptins at a car dealership.
In the near future, natural evlutin in the genetic cde f any species can be quickly fixed if desired. As a result, natural evlutin is dmed.
21．Frm Paragraph 1 we learn that ______ .
A．selective breeding has imprved all species
B．nly selective breeding can make up fr natural lsses
C．mdern crn can’t able t reprduce itself due t selective breeding
D．natural evlutin can’t d withut man’s assistance
22．The underlined wrd “backseat ” in Paragraph 1 prbably means “ ______ ” .
A．pwerful assistanceB．imprtant part
C．bad frtuneD．secndary psitin
23．What d we knw frm the passage?
A．Selective breeding is partly beneficial t humans.
B．Genetic defects wn’t be inherited due t natural evlutin.
C．Natural evlutin can’t create new species.
D．Selective breeding can determine the sex f babies.
24．The authr mainly wants t tell us that ______ .
A．selective breeding will cause the extinctin f many species
B．natural evlutin is almst dead with the develpment f selective breeding
C．selective breeding has arused attentin frm all ver the wrld
D．natural evlutin survives strngly althugh it is in danger
Passage 7（2022·安徽·合肥市第八中学模拟预测）
We are a culture drwning in ur pssessins. We take in mre and mre ( hliday, birthdays, sales, needs ),but rarely find an pprtunity t get rid f it. As a result, ur hmes fill up with s much stuff. And because we believe the best slutin is t find rganizatinal tls t manage all f it, we seek ut bigger cntainers r mre efficient rganizatinal tips and tricks. But simply rganizing ur stuff must be repeated ver and ver.
At its heart, rganizing is simply rearranging. And thugh we may find strage slutins tday, we are quickly frced t find new nes as early as tmrrw. Additinally, rganizing has sme ther majr shrtcmings that are rarely cnsidered. Fr example, it desn’t benefit anyne else. The pssessins we rarely use sit n shelves in ur basements r garages, even while sme f ur clsest friends desperately need them.
On the ther hand, the act f getting rid f stuff frm ur hme accmplishes many purpses. It is nt a temprary slutin. It is an actin f permanence — nce an item has been remved, it is remved cmpletely. Whether we re-sell ur pssessins, dnate them t charity, r give them t a friend, they are immediately put t use by thse wh need them.
Remving pssessins begins t turn back ur desire fr mre as we find freedm and happiness in wning less. And remving urselves frm the all-cnsuming desire t wn mre creates pprtunities fr significant life changes t take place.
If yu’re struggling with hw t get rid f stuff, yu can first challenge yurself t remve the unneeded things in yur hme, carry a trash bag frm rm-t-rm, see hw big f a dnatin pile yu can make, and even eliminate debt by selling what yu n lnger need.
It desn’t matter hw yu remve them, fr it is far better t remve than t always rganize.
25．What is the prblem with simply rganizing stuff?
A．Few tls and tricks are available.B．It needs t be repeated very ften.
C．Peple cannt save mney by rganizing.D．Desire t buy mre disappears by rganizing.
26．Hw can we remve unnecessary pssessins?
A．By reselling them t thers.B．By keeping them in trash bags.
C．By string them in the garage.D．By piling them n the shelves.
27．What des the underlined wrd “eliminate” mean in Paragraph 5?
A．get rid fB．get verC．add tD．take charge f
28．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T explain the advantages and disadvantages f rganizing things.
B．T infrm readers f the ways t get rid f unnecessary pssessins.
C．T call fr peple t remve stuff instead f just rganizing.
D．T appeal t peple t make dnatins t peple in need.