高考英语一轮复习课时提能练12-3 Unit 2 healthy eating含答案

  课时提能练(十二)

Unit 2　Healthy eating

课时作业A：基础层面

Ⅰ.语境语法填空

A

Wang Fei works as a 1.consultant (consult) in an overseas company, not simply because English is her 2.strength (strong), but also because foreign cultures have inspired her 3.curiosity (curious). She often puts forward ideas that are 4.beneficial (benefit) to the company's business and development. A 5.combination (combine) of talent, hard work and good looks has taken her to the top of her profession. However, she admits that she has her own 6.weaknesses (weak). She has been trying to overcome them so as to achieve greater success.

B

Coke is put heavily 7.in debt because of gambling (赌博). Last month, he cheated his friends of a large sum of money. He had intended to win 8.back the money lost in the gamble, but without luck. He began to cut 9.down the number of public appearances until he disappeared completely. Now the police are searching for him. Someone has been sent to spy 10.on his family members. They must find Coke 11.for the benefit of the creditors(债权人). And they won't have him getting away 12.with telling lies.

C

Jack hasn't turned up yet. What could 13.have happened (happen) to him? His wife says that he left home three hours ago, so he ought to be here by now. We have tried phoning him, but just can't get through. Someone says his mobile phone must 14.have gone (go) out of the service area. Nothing could be 15.worse (bad)！The work would have to be delayed if he 16.were(be) absent，for nobody in our company can be 17.more suitable(suitable) for it. How can the boss have such a thing 18.happening (happen)？Just imagine it!

Ⅱ.语境短文改错

根据P15课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

Finally, Yong Hui and Wang Peng could began to talk about menus and balanced diets in the peace. They found neither of their restaurants offer a balanced diet. So they decided to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full with energy and fibre. Their balanced diets became such success that before long Wang Peng became much slim and Yong Hui put on more weight. After some time the two found that their business cooperation has turned into a personally one. At last they got married and lived happy ever after.

[答案]　

Finally, Yong Hui and Wang Peng could  to talk about menus and balanced diets in peace. They found neither of their restaurants  a balanced diet. So they decided to combine  ideas and provide a balanced menu  food full with energy and fibre. Their balanced diets became such  success that before long Wang Peng became much  and Yong Hui put on more weight. After some time the two found that their business cooperation  turned into a  one. At last they got married and lived  ever after.

Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子

1．在日常生活中只有理论联系实际我们才能成功。(combine)

Only by combining theory with practice in our daily life can we succeed.

2．咨询老师之后， 我下定决心主修英语。

①After I consulted my teacher, I made up my mind to major in English. (时间状语从句)

②Having consulted my teacher, I made up my mind to major in English. (分词作状语)

3．作为一名学生，我不允许你反复犯同样的错误。(have sb. doing)

As a student, I can't have you making the same mistake again and again.

4．直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。(否定词＋比较级)

It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.

5．没有人接电话，他们一定已经出去了。(must have done)

No one answered the phone call. They must have already gone out．

课时作业B：能力层面

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·绵阳市第一次诊断)We are what we eat. That is an old expression, but one worth knowing. A recent look at diets around the world shows that people who eat healthy food—and not too much of it—live longer. But which areas of the world have the best diets? Researchers found that foods in some of the healthiest diets—Mediterranean diet, New Nordic diet, Japanese diet and French diet—may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat.

Mediterranean diet contains lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and olive oil. The diet has proper amounts of fish and poultry(家禽肉). Red meat and foods high in sugar and salt are not big parts of this diet.

New Nordic diet has whole grains like oats and rye, vegetables such as carrots, broccoli and eggs, seafood, fruits, oil, low­fat milk and cheese. Sugary desserts are not common in this diet.

Japanese people are some of the longest living people on the planet, with women up to 87 years old and men up to 80. The Japanese diet is the reason for such lengths of life. The diet has many foods that are low in calories and high in nutrients. Japanese people eat a lot of seaweed, tofu, rice, vegetables and fish. The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.

However, French people eat fatty foods but do not get fat. And they live a long time. This phenomenon is called the “French Paradox”. The reason why the French eat fatty foods without getting fat may be simple. They eat less. Serving sizes in French restaurants and of products sold in stores are smaller than those in most countries. And generally speaking, most French people do not snack. This means they do not eat food between meals.

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。

1．What do we know about the healthiest diets around the world?

A．They contain abundant calories.

B．They tend to be expensive.

C．They share certain similarities.

D．They reflect popular tastes.

C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat”可知，尽管有不同之处，但世界上最健康的饮食都使用很多当地的和时令的食物，包括更多的蔬菜和海鲜，更少的红肉。由此可知，世界上最健康的饮食有一定的相似之处，故选C项。]

2．What is considered as a harmful eating habit in Japanese tradition?

A．Going low in calories.

B．Eating to the fullest.

C．Having much seafood.

D．Picking many foods.

B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full”可知，日本的传统是吃八成饱。由此可推知，吃得很饱在日本被认为是不良的饮食习惯，故选B项。]

3．How does the author develop the central idea in the last 4 paragraphs?

A．By building connections.

B．By exploring reasons.

C．By listing examples.

D．By analyzing figures.

C　[写作手法题。通读后四段可知，作者列举了这些健康饮食中的食物，故本文后四段是通过举例子的方式来说明中心观点的。]

4．Which can be the most suitable title for the text?

A．What is the healthiest diet on earth?

B．How does the old expression serve?

C．Why is a healthy diet so important?

D．Where can we feed ourselves well?

A　[标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。故A项作为文章标题最合适。]

B

China became the first country to clone a monkey using non­reproductive cells，reducing the need to breed lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate，effective，and affordable animal tests for new drugs，scientists said on Thursday.

By December，the Institute of Neuroscience of the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named“Zhong Zhong”and“Hua Hua”by nuclear transferring of somatic cells(体细胞)—any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.

Tetra，a monkey born in 1999，is the world's first cloned monkey，but it was done by using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分割)；but it could only generate four cloned offspring at a time and cannot be genetically changed to suit the experimental need.

Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a world­class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类) that shares its genetic makeup，and therefore all of its complexity，with humans.

For drug and other lab tests，scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world，which is costly and bad for the environment，and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes.

By cloning monkey using somatic cells，we can massively cultivate large numbers of genetically identical offspring in a short amount of time，and we can even change their genes to suit our needs.This can save time，cut down experiment costs，and produce more accurate results，leading to more effective medicine.

Sun Qiang，director of the non­human primate research facility at the institute，said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice.However，drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.

“Monkeys and humans are both primates，so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans，”he said.This is especially useful in testing drugs for neural(神经的) diseases such as Parkinson's disease，metabolic syndrome and immune system diseases，and tumors，he added.

“This achievement will help China lead the world research in the international science projects related to neural mapping of primate brains，”he said.“However，bio labs from the United States，Japan，and European countries are also very capable，and they will quickly catch up with China after the monkey cloning technology is made public，”Sun added.

“This means we have to innovate continuously and work extra hard this year to stay ahead，”he said.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道类说明文。中国科学家成功培育出了全球首个体细胞克隆猴。这项成就除了在基础研究上有重大意义，令我国目前在该领域处于国际领跑地位之外，还会对研发治疗人类疾病的新药起到巨大的促进作用。更没想到“孙大圣拔毫毛变小猴”竟然成真了。

5．Which of the following is the most important factor in cloning macaques named“Zhong Zhong”and “Hua Hua”？

A．Reproductive cells. B．Somatic cells.

C．Neural mapping. D．Genetic makeup.

B　[细节理解题。题干问：哪一个是克隆“中中”和“华华”的最重要因素？本题旨在考查考生对文章的关键信息的理解能力。根据第二段中的“...by nuclear transferring of somatic cells(体细胞)—any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.”和第四段中的“Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a world­class challenge”可知，克隆“中中”和“华华”的关键因素是体细胞，而非生殖细胞(reproductive cells)。C项是“神经图谱”，D项是“基因构成”，这两项都在文中出现了，但与克隆猴的条件和因素无关。]

6．Why cloning monkeys is so difficult?

A．Because it is bad for our environment.

B．Because each monkey might have different genes.

C．Because monkeys' genetic makeup is as complicated as humans.

D．Because it is too expensive to work on their genetic makeup.

C　[细节理解题。题干问：克隆猴为什么很困难？这是考查考生对关键信息的理解能力。题干中的关键词是“difficult”，在文章中定位到第四段，首句中的“challenge”与difficult含义相似。该词后面的内容是这道题的答案：猴在基因构成、复杂性方面与人类有相同的特点，所以克隆猴很困难。]

7．What is the main idea of Paragraph 8?

A．The cure for neural diseases.

B．The process of cloning monkeys.

C．The significance of cloning monkeys.

D．The close relations between monkeys and humans.

C　[段落大意题。根据第八段可知，猴与人类都是“灵长类”，关系密切，在猴身上做实验与在人身上做实验一样有效，这在检验治疗神经性疾病的新药品方面很有用。所以本段的段落大意是克隆猴的意义。]

8．What can we infer from this passage?

A．More effective medicine will be produced.

B．Drug trials on lab mice will be abandoned.

C．China is the first country to have cloned monkeys.

D．China will stay ahead of the world in cloning.

A　[预测推断题。第一段介绍了克隆猴的成功为更精确有效、经济可行的动物新药测试打下了基础，再根据第六段中的“This can save time，cut down experiment costs，and produce more accurate results，leading to more effective medicine.”可知，在这项新技术下，未来将会出现更多有效的药品。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2019·成都市毕业班第一次诊断性检测)From sports teams to movie characters，we love supporting the weak. While that's inspiring for a film or a story，it can be hard to remain positive when you're experiencing a struggle. It's said that what is most personal is most universal.   1   Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles.

You can shine a light for others.   2   Sometimes，that's all someone needs to get through a difficult time. You can help even more by applying ideas and solutions creatively to their own problems.

  3   It's uncomfortable to admit to others your failures，struggles or other moments of weakness. That's true for everyone yet opening yourself up to moments of weakness is surprisingly satisfying. It requires courage and being courageous requires practice.

People will support you.  4   We all do. So why not share the ways you've faced great difficulty and bounced back？If no one knows your struggles then they'll never know to cheer for you or what you've overcome to reach where you are today.

Another great aspect of sharing your story is that it helps you remember the lesson you learned.  5   Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward. You can also share key experience alongside your story so others can learn，too.

A．It helps you find your voice.

B．You love a good comeback story.

C．It allows you to practice courage.

D．You can objectively analyze your own past.

E．That's why your story can bring much value.

F．Be open with the world about the good and the bad.

G．Sharing your story will help them realize they aren't alone.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了与他人分享你的奋斗故事的原因。

1．E　[承接上文“It's said that what is most personal is most universal”，并与下文“Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles”相呼应可推知，E项“这就是你的故事能带来很多价值的原因”符合语境，所以选E项。]

2．G　[根据下文“Sometimes，that's all someone needs to get through a difficult time”，并结合上文“You can shine a light for others”可推知，分享你的故事有助于他人产生共鸣，所以选G项。]

3．C　[根据下文中的“It requires courage and being courageous requires practice”可推知，本段主要讲述的是分享你的故事有助于训练自己的勇气，所以选C项。]

4．B　[根据下文“We all do. So why not share the ways you've faced great difficulty and bounced back？”可推知，人们都喜欢东山再起的故事，所以不如将你面临很大困难却能重整旗鼓的方法分享给别人，所以选B项。]

5．D　[根据下文“Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward”可推知，分享你的故事有助于客观地分析自己的过去，从而总结经验、吸取教训，所以选D项。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019·沈阳市教学质量监测一)Senior citizens are the first to come to our mind when we think of hearing loss, but in a recent report, hearing professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults 1.         it comes to living with hearing loss.

The rise in popularity of personal audio devices from iPods to smart phones has had dangerous effect on the ears of those who use them most—teenagers! A study 2.       

(conduct) by the World Health Organization finds that nearly 50% of teens 3.       

(fall) into the habit of exposing themselves to unsafe levels of sound so far.

A sound is considered unsafe when it goes beyond 85 decibels(分贝). At that level, it takes just 8 hours of listening over your lifetime to cause damage. The louder the sound is, the 4.        (little) time it takes to cause damage. Because hearing loss is 5.        (typical) considered a health problem for the elderly, it is difficult to convince already stubborn teenagers that they really are doing damage 6.            

their ears.

Young adults 7.         have been exposed to noise over a period of time may have some hearing loss symptoms. Their 8.        (able) to learn is compromised, and they may have difficulty developing social skills.

In an effort to help teens better protect their hearing, we suggest 9.        (set) volume limits on personal audio devices. 10.         is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了青少年听力下降的原因并提出了相应的应对策略。

1．when　[考查固定用法。when it comes to sth....意为“当涉及某事时”，为固定用法，故填when。]

2．conducted　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词conduct和句子主语A study构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填其过去分词形式。]

3．have fallen　[考查动词的时态。根据句子中的时间状语“so far”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have fallen。]

4．less　[考查形容词的比较级。“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……越……”，为固定句型，根据该句中的“The louder”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填less。]

5．typically　[考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词typically修饰其后的动词“considered”，在句子中作状语。]

6. to　[考查介词。do damage to“对……造成损害”是固定用法，故此处应填介词to。]

7．who/that　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Young adults，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。]

8．ability　[考查词形转换。根据语境及空前的形容词性物主代词Their 可知，此处应用名词；又根据空后的“is”可知，此处应填名词的单数形式，故填ability。]

9．setting　[考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，是固定用法，并结合语境可知，此处应填setting。]

10．It　[考查代词。It＋系动词＋形容词＋to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，故填It。]

Ⅳ.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2019·合肥市第一次教学质量检测)Last month our class organized a hike along the Chaobai River, which run through Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin. Much to my disappoint, I found the river was serious polluted. At that moment, I was determined to do what I could protect it. First, under my teacher's help, I used the equipments from the school lab to test the quality of the river water. But then, I used the data I had collected it to analyze the pollution of the river. Finally, I write a report on the pollution of the river to the local government. I also gave a presentation in class where I suggested that we must make changes to protect our water resources.

[答案]　

Last month our class organized a hike along the Chaobai River, which  through Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin. Much to my ， I found the river was  polluted. At that moment, I was determined to do what I could  protect it. First,  my teacher's help, I used the  from the school lab to test the quality of the river water.  then, I used the data I had collected to analyze the pollution of the river. Finally, I  a report on the pollution of the river to the local government. I also gave a presentation in class where I suggested that we  / make changes to protect our water resources.