高三一轮复习课时提能练37 8 Unit 2 cloning含答案

  课时提能练(三十七)  Unit 2　Cloning

课时作业A：基础层面

Ⅰ.语境语法填空

A

What if your boss tells you to add 1.decorations (decorate) to a new office with a colleague who often finds fault with you? Certainly this is merely an 2.assumption (assume). To get the work done, I think it is important to raise 3.objections (object) frankly rather than cover up the differences. Nothing could be better than putting forward a more 4.reasonable (reason) solution or a 5.correction (correct) proposal. Fully exchanging ideas with your colleague is an essential 6.regulation (regulate) you should follow. This is 7.exactly (exact) what I want to express in this article.

B

Wei Ning seemed to be cast 8.down because his mother objected 9.to his plan to be a volunteer. A village was destroyed by a flood. Many people were killed or missing, which struck sadness 10.into Wei's heart. He wanted to offer some help. His mother didn't agree because he had been 11.in poor condition after a terrible disease. His father was in favour 12.of his plan but his efforts to make the mother change her mind were 13.in vain. Wei Ning stuck to his plan and his determination finally paid 14.off. His mother gave in and she herself decided to keep him company to the village.

C

A crocodile measuring “half 15.the length of a bus” was said to have been caught in Australia. Then 16.came (come) the message from government officials that Wildlife Commission had sent a team out to help the crocodile. Despite the fact 17.that crocodiles can live in fresh water, wildlife protectors still want to get it back to saltwater. They are convinced that the chance of the crocodile 18.surviving (survive) in fresh water remains to be small. The problem is 19.that the crocodile is so big and heavy that it is hard to take it to saltwater.

Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子

1．抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导的表语从句)

The disadvantage of copying others' homework is that you cannot master what you have learned．

2．他刚刚坐下，班主任就来了。(倒装句)

He had just taken his seat; then came the head teacher．

3．你认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的妇女？(do you think 作插入语)

Who do you think was the greatest woman of the past 100 years?

4．最使我伤脑筋的是他似乎对他的功课不感兴趣。(what引导主语从句)

What bothers me most is that he seems to take no interest in his schoolwork.

5．你找到这所房子费劲吗？(bother n．)

Did you have much bother (in) finding the house?

课时作业B：能力层面

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·郑州市第一次质量预测)If you've ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man's best friend”. But a dog's life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.

Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.

To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile, another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb(子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months.

The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price—around ￡63，000. But if you can't afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.

However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian(斑点狗) clone will be different，for example，” Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.

Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.

Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all. Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了克隆狗技术。

1．What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?

A．Making copies of pet dogs.

B．Giving pet dogs identical twins.

C．Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.

D．Helping dog owners love their dogs more.

A　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones”可知，这家公司所提供的服务就是克隆已逝的宠物狗，故选A。]

2．Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?

a．An egg is taken from another dog.

b．A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.

c．The egg grows into a puppy in two months.

d．The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.

e．The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.

A．a→d→b→e→c.　　　　 B．a→e→b→d→c.

C．b→a→d→e→c. D．b→a→e→d→c.

D　[细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，实验的第一步是从狗身上提取皮肤细胞，另一只被选择的狗提供一个卵子，将卵子中的DNA替换成皮肤细胞中的DNA之后，将卵子植入一只母狗的子宫，最后卵子在接下来的两个月中生长为一只小狗，故选D。]

3．What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?

A．It has not been put into practice until recently.

B．It is very popular among US and UK pet owners.

C．It might not give the owners an exactly same dog.

D．It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.

C　[细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one”可知，克隆狗和原来的狗可能并非完全一样，故选C。]

4．What does Kirkwood think of dog cloning?

A．He disagrees with it.

B．He supports it.

C．He is curious about it.

D．He thinks it unbelievable.

A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段Kirkwood说的话“An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go”可知，他认为人类和宠物狗之间的关系的一个重要方面是要接受失去它们的痛苦；由此可推知，Kirkwood并不赞成克隆狗，故选A。]

B

(2019·惠州市第二次调研)Do you find it difficult to put down your mobile phone?

If yes，you're not alone. These days, many people suffer from the stress of FOMO(fear of missing out). They reach for their mobile phones when they wake up in the morning, and for the rest of the day，they constantly scroll down the timelines of their social media apps to get the latest updates.

Despite the convenience smartphones bring, many people struggle with their digital habits.

As Sameer Samat, vice president of product management, said in his speech at the 2018 Google I/O developer conference on May 8，70% of people don't want to spend so much time on their phones.

This is why during the conference Google introduced an app called Dashboard for the new version of its Android operating system. This new app includes well­being functions that aim to help users manage the time they spend on their digital devices.

It all starts with a bird's­eye view. Dashboard allows users to look at all the details of their phone habits. For example, users can see how many times they've unlocked their phone and how many times they've checked their social media apps, as well as how much time they spend on each app every day.

Once the users see this information，they'll be able to make some changes. With the AppTimer functions, users can set a time limit for how long they can use each app for every day. After they've hit the limit，they won't be able to launch the app until the next day.

But even if users become more mindful of their usage, they're still likely to be drawn in by notifications(通知). This is where the Shush feature comes in. It automatically silences incoming calls and notifications when a user puts his/her phone face down.

If people truly want to make full use of their free time instead of losing hours using their smartphones, these new functions are just one way of doing that.

After all, who needs to use an app to stop you from using other apps when the easiest answer would be just to use your willpower?

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，作者以人们不想浪费过多的时间在手机上为切入点，介绍了一款可以用来阻止人们过度使用手机的应用程序，包括其功能和特色等。

5．People under the pressure of FOMO may         ．

A．have trouble with their sleep

B．find it hard to focus on anything

C．be addicted to their mobile phones

D．prefer to download the latest apps

C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They reach for their mobile phones when they wake up in the morning, and for the rest of the day，they constantly scroll down the timelines of their social media apps to get the latest updates”可推知，承受着FOMO的压力，人们可能沉迷于手机，故选C。]

6．What inspires Google to launch Dashboard?

A．The limited functions of the current Android system.

B．People's complaint about their smartphones.

C．Samat's impressive speech at a conference.

D．Mobile phone users' great demand.

D　[推理判断题。根据语境并结合第四段中的“70% of people don't want to spend so much time on their phones”可知，70%的人不想花那么多时间在手机上。据此可推知，Google推出Dashboard是因为手机用户的极大需求。故选D。]

7．         can track users' phone habits in detail.

A．Android B．AppTimer

C．Shush D．Dashboard

D　[细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Dashboard allows users to look at all the details of their phone habits”可知，Dashboard可以详细跟踪用户的手机习惯。故选D。]

8．What can be learned from the passage?

A．Dashboard turned out to be popular.

B．Dashboard is a perfect choice to manage time properly.

C．Strong willpower is the easiest way to avoid smartphone addiction.

D．People are exploring other ways to stop overusing smartphones.

C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“After all, who needs to use an app to stop you from using other apps when the easiest answer would be just to use your willpower？”可知，其实最简单的阻止自己过度使用手机的方法就是用自己的意志力。故选C。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2019·辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟)

How to Overcome Depression

Suffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month. Depression is a weakening condition that can make it impossible for you to enjoy your daily life. To overcome your depression, you have to first determine if what you're feeling are the symptoms of depression.   1   While medications can help relieve these symptoms, it is still important for depressed people to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it.

Keep yourself busy.

Fill your schedule with events and activities you love. Keeping a busy schedule will force you to stay active, focused, and thinking about the next thing on your list. You can draw up a schedule for each day at the start of the week, or simply plan out each day the night before.   2 

Improve your diet.

  3   Even if you're losing your appetite, you need to be determined to eat three meals a day. You don't need to try to lose weight or be incredibly health­conscious when you're dealing with your depression, but eating healthier food regularly will improve your mental and physical state.

Think positively.

Being a more positive thinker will help you look at your life and world in a way that fills you with hope instead of despair. To think more positively, you should learn how to recognize your negative thoughts and to fight them with stronger positive thoughts whenever you can. For a jumpstart, find at least five things to be grateful for. 4.  4 

  5   

Neglecting personal hygiene(卫生) is a common side effect of depression. While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks, if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day, you will feel better about yourself. Shower daily, brush your teeth and wash your hair.

A．Control your emotions.

B．Improve your appearance.

C．Most importantly, be happy about every single day.

D．Whichever method you choose, make a goal of sticking to it.

E．However, not everyone knows depression has a positive side.

F．Eating a healthy, balanced diet can also help you beat depression.

G．If you are feeling sad, lonely, or worthless，you may be suffering from depression.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种克服抑郁症的方法。

1．G　[根据空处前后句可知，空处应是对抑郁症症状的列举。故G项符合语境。]

2．D　[根据空处前一句中的“draw up a schedule for each day”“or simply plan out each day the night before”可知，选项D中的“Whichever method you choose”与之呼应，即我们无论用什么方法，都要制定一个目标坚持下去。故D项符合语境。]

3．F　[根据空前的Improve your diet，并结合空处下文中的“three meals a day”“but eating healthier food regularly”可知，该段是围绕“diet”一词展开的，选项F中的“a healthy, balanced diet”与之呼应。故F项符合语境。]

4．C　[结合段落主题句Think positively可知，该段主要是说要积极地思考，并根据空前一句可知C项“最重要的是每天都要开心”符合语境。]

5．B　[根据空处的位置可知，空处为该段的主题句。根据该段中的“your looks”“your appearance”及“Shower daily, brush your teeth and wash your hair”可知，该段都是围绕“appearance”展开的，故B项符合语境。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019·福州市质量抽测)The information I 1.________(collect) in the last few years leads me to believe that speed reading may be less 2.________(use) than most people think. The claim that you can read and comprehend over 30，000 words per minute is overstated. One researcher proved this in a study where irrelevant and illogical sentences were added to the text. The “speed readers” 3.________ were tested didn't notice the irrelevant lines—the readers who read slowly spotted them immediately.

I've interviewed people who have attended the introductory sessions 4.________(offer) by some speed reading courses. 5.________(them) stories indicate that improper methods are sometimes used to sell the courses. Here's how: First, you're asked to read a passage from a book 6.________ which most persons would be unfamiliar. Your reading speed and comprehension are tested during this exercise. Then, after about half 7.________ hour of instruction, another reading test is given. But this time the reading is the one most educated Americans know well—such as Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Not 8.________(surprising), persons attending these introductory sessions find that their “exit” speed and comprehension are better than their “entry” 9.________(perform)．

I'm one of the fiction readers who appreciate the beauty in good writing. Occasionally I'll read a passage or sentence over and over just 10.________(let) the beauty of its construction soak in(渗透). Good writing must be read carefully and thoughtfully to be fully appreciated.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。过去几年“我”收集到的信息表明，快速阅读可能没有大多数人认为的那么有用，仔细阅读才能领略文字的魅力。

1．have collected/have been collecting　[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“in the last few years”可知，该处可用现在完成时，意为“过去几年收集到的信息让我相信快速阅读可能没有大多数人认为的那么有用”；收集信息的动作也可以看成从过去开始一直持续到当前的动作，故也可以用现在完成进行时。故填have collected/have been collecting。]

2．useful　[考查形容词。句意参见上题解析。根据空前的“be less”及空后的“than”可知，空处应用形容词，故填useful。]

3．who/that　[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The “speed readers”，且在从句中作主语，表示人，故用who或that引导该定语从句。]

4．offered　[考查非谓语动词。根据空后的“by”并结合语境可知，动词offer和其主语the introductory sessions之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语。]

5．Their　[考查代词。根据空前一句中的“I've interviewed people”及空后的“stories”可知，此处表示“他们的故事”，故用形容词性物主代词Their。]

6．with　[考查介词。分析该句结构可知，该句为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，be unfamiliar with sth.为固定用法，意为“对某事物不熟悉”，故空处应填介词with。]

7．an　[考查冠词。half an hour意为“半小时”，为固定用法，故用不定冠词an。]

8．surprisingly　[考查副词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，表示“不足为奇的是”，故用surprising的副词形式surprisingly。]

9．performance(s)　[考查词形转换。根据本句中的“their ‘exit’ speed”以及空前的“their ‘entry’”可知，空处应用名词；performance意为“表现”时可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，故填performance(s)。]

10．to let　[考查动词的不定式。句意：我偶尔会反复地阅读一个章节或者一个句子，仅是为了使其结构之美渗透出来。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处表示目的，故用动词不定式。]