2021辽宁省“决胜新高考・名校交流“高三3月联考英语试题含解析

这是一份2021辽宁省“决胜新高考・名校交流“高三3月联考英语试题含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
“决胜新高考•名校交流”2021届高三3月联考卷
英语
注意事项：
1 .本试题卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。
3.全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试题卷上无效。
4.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
5.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两巧满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标卷试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答 题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听 完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B.£ 9.18. C,£ 9.15.
答案是C。
1 .What is the man going to buy for Jarsmin?
A. A Barbie. B. A typewriter. C. An old artwork.
2.How much did the man pay in the end?
A. $ 300. B. $ 600. C. $ 900
3.What does the woman really mean?
A. No competitors get injured.
B. Some competitors are giving up.
C. Competitors will go to the final despite difficulties.
4.What does the woman want to give the man?
A. A coat. B. A book. C. Some fruits.
5.Which subject does the man want to change to?
A- Chinese. B. Painting. C. Business communication.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6,7题。
6.Which car has got its back damaged?
A. The white car. B. The black car. C The red car.
7.What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Call the ambulance. B. Turn to the police. C. Take the injured to the hospital.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Aunt and nephew. C. Classmates.
9 .What's the weather like in Sydney this time of year?
A. Very cold. B. Very sunny. C. Very cool.
10.What will the man do in Sydney?
A. Visit Mary. B. Stay with his aunt. C. Celebrate the New Year.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11 .What kind of plane ticket does the woman want?
A. First class. B. Business class. C. Economy class.
12.When does the woman plan to leave for Sydney?
A. At 7： 15. B. At 6：00. C. At 4：45.
13.How will the woman pay for her tickets?
A. By paying at once online.
B. By paying at the check-in desk.
C. By turning to a person to pay at once.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.Whose birthday is it today?
A. Tony's. B. Helen's. C. Jack's.
15.How does the man find this model plane?
A. Terrible. B. Cheap. C. Wonderful.
16.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At Tony's house. B. In the old Street Market. C. In a bookstore.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 .When did Hip-Hop start?
A. In the 2000s. B. In the 1990s. C. In the 1970s.
18.What was the problem of the youth in New York to make music?
A. They couldn't afford expensive instruments.
B. They were not always so popular.
C They were too busy to practice.
19.What is special about the break dancing?
A. It is easy to learn. B. It was like fighting at first. C. It is now a big business.
20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. The birth of two pop cultures.
B. The character of two pop cultures.
C. The development of two pop cultures.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Different from a text-heavy novel, coffee table books offer large images and smaller sections of text, allowing us to easily dive in and explore.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art： Masterpiece Paintings by Kathryn Calley Galitz
If you're unable to wander along the corridors of this world-famous museum yourself, don't panic ： this book offers an impressive insight into some of the masterpieces housed here. Amazing images will attract the casual reader, while insights from Galitz, curator (馆长)of the museum, into different pieces are set to engage art and history lovers alike.
Destinations of a Lifetime ： 225 of the World's Most Amazing Places by National Geographic
With large, striking photos, a mere glance through this book will fuel the urge to travel. Besides a few of the hot places, there are plenty of destinations you may not have heard of. Alongside images of dramatic landscapes, accompanying text reveals highlights at each spot and handy tips on experiencing them like a local.
Secret Gardeners by Victoria Summerley
When thinking of some of Britain's most famous names, their busy, jet-set lifestyles probably spring to mind. But, away from the public eye, these individuals are just like us, and love nothing more than spending hours in their gardens. The pages of this beautiful book share fantastic images from the gardens of 25 well-known personalities.
The Story of Food： An Illustrated History of Everything We Eat by DK
The origins and facts of different ingredients are included in this book, along with explorations into the development of cooking over the ages. The book is more text heavy, but don't let that put you off： there are still plenty of beautiful photos and vivid illustrations throughout.
1. Which of the following books includes opinions from an expert?
A. Secret Gardeners. B. The Story of Food,
C. Destinations of a Lifetime. D. The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
2. What does Victoria write about?
A. History of cooking B. Tips on traveling cheaply.
C. Lifestyles of personalities. D. Private gardens in Britain.
3. What makes The Story of Food different?
A. It contains bigger sections of words.
B. It provides data people never heard of.
C. It appeals to casual readers and specialists.
D. It shares fantastic images by well-known people.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本适合休闲时光阅读的书籍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Metropolitan Museum of Art： Masterpiece Paintings by Kathryn Calley Galitz中最后一句“Amazing images will attract the casual reader, while insights from Galitz, curator （馆长）of the museum, into different pieces are set to engage art and history lovers alike.( 令人惊叹的图片将吸引普通读者，而博物馆馆长Galitz的见解，不同的作品设置吸引艺术和历史爱好者。)”可知，The Metropolitan Museum of Art这本书有专家的观点。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Secret Gardeners by Victoria Summerley中最后一句“ The pages of this beautiful book share fantastic images from the gardens of 25 well-known personalities.( 这本美丽的书分享了来自25位名人花园的奇妙图片。)”可知，Victoria 在书中介绍了英国的一些私家花园。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The book is more text heavy, but don't let that put you off： there are still plenty of beautiful photos and vivid illustrations throughout.( 这本书有更多的文字内容，但不要让这些影响到你:全书仍然有很多漂亮的照片和生动的插图。)”可知，The Story of Food这本书特别之处在于，这本书的文字内容特别丰富。故选A。
B
Few people realize that it takes the army of volunteers for one young child to have a half-hour riding lesson. I volunteer at Valley Therapeutic Equestrian Association (VTEA) in Alder grove. B. C. , close to the Washington State border. It takes a few paid staff and an army of volunteers-approximately eighty-to take care of a dozen horses and help with eighty or more children during the week. There is a large barn to clean, and hay nets and water buckets to brush and fill. Specific feeds for each horse must be prepared twice daily…. The list is endless.
To prepare a horse for a ride, someone has to bring it in from outside, at times sinking into inches of black, sticky mud during the winter months. Usually, two volunteers groom (刷洗梳毛) the horse and put on the special saddle. Then they lead the horse to where the lesson takes place. There, one volunteer leads the horse, and usually two walk alongside for safety, one on each side. Then the horse must be returned to the barn, unsaddled, cleaned and fed.
Yet so many people willingly give their time-because the children need us. Ranging in age from two upwards, the children have varying degrees of mental disabilities. Some have severe physical handicaps (残疾). Riding strengthens their muscles and bones, enabling them to enjoy a more fruitful life.
Throughout my past life as an accountant, business author and speaker, I volunteered on many levels and in many organizations. However, a terrible motor-vehicle accident changed my life in a split second when my car was hit—as was my head——causing severe brain injury. It was hard to accept a new "me" and her often-frustrating limitations, until I discovered that I needed to do something that I have a passion for. I’d loved horses from childhood, and working with them and with the children has helped turn my life around, making me warm from the inside out. The journey back has been painful but worthwhile. Now, fourteen years later, I am a different, more simplified person.
4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Horses for riding lessons are cared for carefully.
B. Horse-riding lessons bring children many benefits.
C. Volunteers have much to do for a horse-riding lesson.
D. Disabled children are taught horse-riding in a different way.
5. What does the author think of her voluntary work in VTEA?
A. Risky and thrilling. B. Tiring but worthwhile.
C. Funny and enjoyable. D. Demanding but fruitless.
6. What can be inferred about the author from the last paragraph?
A. The accident transformed her thoroughly.
B. Volunteering has brought her a win-win result.
C. She's never recovered from the injury.
D. She wasn't interested in voluntary work before.
7. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Helping Children in Need B. Surviving the Brain Injury
C. Volunteering: A Journey Back D. Horse-riding: Toughest Lessons
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者经历严重车祸后造成脑部损伤，通过志愿者工作，照顾马，帮助孩子们骑马，给作者带来温暖，让作者找回了自己。

【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“To prepare a horse for a ride, someone has to bring it in from outside, at times sinking into inches of black, sticky mud during the winter months. Usually, two volunteers groom (刷洗梳毛) the horse and put on the special saddle. Then they lead the horse to where the lesson takes place. There, one volunteer leads the horse, and usually two walk alongside for safety, one on each side. Then the horse must be returned to the barn, unsaddled, cleaned and fed. (为了让马做好骑行的准备，必须有人从外面把它带进来，在冬天的几个月里，有时会陷进几英寸深的黑色粘稠的泥巴里。通常情况下，两名志愿者会给马梳理马匹，然后套上特制的马鞍。然后他们把马牵到上课的地方。在那里，一个志愿者牵着马，为了安全，通常两个人并排走，两边各一个。然后必须把马放回马厩，脱去马鞍，清洗干净并喂饱)”可知，为了骑马课程，志愿者有很多工作要做，故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“It takes a few paid staff and an army of volunteers-approximately eighty-to take care of a dozen horses and help with eighty or more children during the week. There is a large barn to clean, and hay nets and water buckets to brush and fill. Specific feeds for each horse must be prepared twice daily... . The list is endless. (一周中，要照顾十几匹马，照顾八十多个孩子，需要几个带薪工作人员和一群大约八十个的志愿者。有一个大的马厩要清理，干草网和水桶要刷和填充。每匹马的特定饲料必须每天准备两次。这样的事不胜枚举)”可知，志愿者工作是很辛苦，很累的。再根据第三段中“Riding strengthens their muscles and bones, enabling them to enjoy a more fruitful life. (骑马能增强他们的肌肉和骨骼，使他们能享受更丰富的生活)”可知，骑马给这些身体有残疾的孩子带来了积极的影响，他的志愿者工作是值得的，故选B。

【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’d loved horses from childhood, and working with them and with the children has helped turn my life around, making me warm from the inside out. (我从小就喜欢马，和它们一起工作，和孩子们一起工作，帮助我扭转了生活，让我从里到外感到温暖)”可知，这份志愿者的工作不仅能帮助到孩子们，而且让作者车祸后无论是心态还是生活上都有了积极的改变，所以，志愿者工作带来了“双赢”的结果，故选B。
7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中“The journey back has been painful but worthwhile. Now, fourteen years later, I am a different, more simplified person. (回归的旅程是痛苦的，但也是值得的。14年后的今天，我变成了一个不同的，更简单的人)”可知，是志愿者工作让作者在车祸后接受了自己，找回了自己，志愿者工作对作者的意义重大。文章前面的段落都是围绕着车祸后作者的志愿者工作展开，介绍了具体的工作以及意义，所以，选项C“志愿者工作：回归之旅”，符合文章主旨，是最合适的标题，故选C。
C
Men hunted. Women gathered. That has long been the common view of our prehistoric ancestors. But the discovery of a woman buried 9000 years ago in the Andes Mountains with weapons and hunting tools, and an analysis of other burial sites in the Americas challenges this widely accepted division of labor in hunter-gatherer society.
“Labor practices among recent hunter-gatherer societies are highly gendered, which might lead some to believe that sexist inequalities in things like pay or rank are somehow 'natural' , ”said lead study author Randy Haas, an assistant professor of anthropology (人类学) at University of California, Davis, in a news release. "But it's now clear that sexual division of labor was fundamentally different-likely more equal and reasonable-in our species deep hunter-gatherer past."
The burial site was discovered in 2018 during excavations (发掘) at a high-altitude site called Wilamaya Patjxa in what is now Peru. The woman, thought to be between 17 and 19 years old when she died, was buried with items that suggested she hunted big-game animals.
Although some scholars have suggested a role for women in ancient hunting, others have dismissed this idea even when hunting tools were uncovered in female burials. To examine whether this woman found at this site was an outlier, the researchers examined 429 skeletons (骷髅) at 107 burials sites in North and South America around 8000 to 14000 years ago. Of those, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient to "support the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely not unusual".
The findings add to doubts about man — the hunter assumption that informed much thinking about early humans since the mid-20th century. “They suggest hunting was very much a community-based activity, needing the participation of all able-bodied individuals to drive large animals”, the paper said. The weapon of choice at that time had low accuracy, encouraging broad participation, and using it was a skill learned from childhood.
8. What does the recent burial site at Andes Mountains show?
A. The origin of sexual inequality.
B. Hunting skills of ancient times.
C. The social system of prehistoric hunters.
D. Job division of hunter-gatherer society.
9. Which of the following might Randy Haas agree with?
A. Gender plays no part in recent hunter-gatherer society.
B. Sexist inequality is a natural result of prehistoric society.
C. Ancient division of labor might be fairer than we'd thought.
D. Public ideas of women's role will be changed abruptly.
10. What does the underlined word "outlier" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Exception. B. Failure.
C. Role model. D. Easy target.
11. What might make prehistoric hunting a community-based activity?
A. Lack of able-bodied individuals.
B. Imperfection in hunting weapons.
C. Better accuracy of females in hunting.
D. Need for large animals as food source.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了考古学家在南美的安第斯山脉中发现了一座有着9000年历史的女性狩猎者的墓葬挑战了传统的男士打猎，女人采集的劳动分工的观念。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But the discovery of a woman buried 9000 years ago in the Andes Mountains with weapons and hunting tools, and an analysis of other burial sites in the Americas challenges this widely accepted division of labor in hunter-gatherer society. (但是，在安第斯山脉发现了一名9000年前埋葬的妇女有武器和打猎工具，并对美洲其他埋葬地点进行了分析，这对狩猎采集社会中这种被广泛接受的劳动分工提出了挑战)”可知，在安第斯山脉发现的这些埋葬点挑战了狩猎采集社会中的劳动分工，也就是表明了我们所没有想到的狩猎采集社会中的劳动分工。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But it's now clear that sexual division of labor was fundamentally different-likely more equal and reasonable-in our species deep hunter-gatherer past. (但现在很清楚，在我们的狩猎-采集历史中，性别分工有着根本的不同，可能更为平等和合理)”可知，Randy Haas认为古代的劳动分工可能比我们想的更公平，故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段中“To examine whether this woman found at this site was an outlier, the researchers examined 429 skeletons (骷髅) at 107 burials sites in North and South America around 8000 to 14000 years ago. Of those, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient to "support the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely not unusual". (为了检验在这一地点发现的这名妇女是否是一个outlier，研究人员调查了8000年至14000年前北美和南美107个墓葬地点的429具骨骼。其中，27人和狩猎工具一起被埋葬，其中11人是女性，15人是男性。这一样本足以 “支持女性参与早期大型狩猎活动可能并不罕见的结论”)”可知，研究者研究了不同历史时期，很多不同地方的大量墓葬，发现很多女性是狩猎者，同时表明了女性参与早期大型狩猎活动可能并不罕见，所以这也检验这位狩猎的女性不是一个例外，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The weapon of choice at that time had low accuracy, encouraging broad participation, and using it was a skill learned from childhood. (当时选择的武器准确度低，鼓励广泛参与，使用它是从小就要学的技能)”可知，狩猎武器的不完善，所以就鼓励大家广泛参与，也就使史前的狩猎活动以群体为基础，故选B。
D
Selective breeding, also known as artificial selection, is a process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable traits. It can be used to produce tastier fruits and vegetables, crops with greater resistance to pests, and larger animals that can be used for meat.
Perhaps the earliest example of selective breeding is the domestic dog. Scientists believe that the domestic dog evolved from the wild gray wolf, and through artificial selection, humans were able to create hundreds of different dog breeds. As people domesticated and bred dogs, they favored specific traits, like size or intelligence, for certain tasks, such as hunting, shepherding, or companionship. As a result, many dog breeds vastly differ in appearance, a unique phenomenon in the animal world, as different breeds of a single species generally look like each other. The Chihuahua and the Dalmatian, for instance, are both dogs, yet they share few physical features.
Selective breeding has also been practiced in agriculture for thousands of years. Almost every fruit and vegetable eaten today is a product of artificial selection. By picking out wild cabbage plants with specific characteristics, farmers were able to create a variety of vegetables from a single source, each with differing flavors. Broccoli, for example, was developed from wild cabbage plants that hadn't enough flower development while kale came from Brassica oleracea with larger leaves.
Corn is an unusual product of selective breeding. Unlike rice, wheat, and cabbage, which have clear ancestors, there is no wild plant that looks like corn. The earliest records of corn indicate that the plant was developed in southern Mexico 6,000—10,000 years ago from a grass called teosinte. Scientists believe that early Mexican farmers selected only the largest and tastiest seeds of teosinte for planting. This process allowed Mexicans to develop corn very quickly, as small changes in the plant's genetic makeup had dramatic effects on the grain's taste and size.
Without selective breeding, many of the plants and animals on earth today would not exist. However, every coin has two sides.
12. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 1 ?
A. Introduce a new topic for discussion. B. Add some background information.
C. Provide scientific data for readers. D. Explain a scientific study method.
13 Chihuahua and Dalmatian are mentioned to show .
A. selective breeding is very successful
B. selective breeding leads to biodiversity
C. selective breeding brings difference in appearance
D. selective breeding might bring about new species
14. What is special about corn as a product of selective breeding?
A. It has genetic makeup opposite to teosinte. B. It is the earliest plant developed by Mexicans.
C. It hasn't an ancestor in Mother Nature. D. It shares few physical similarities with its ancestors.
15. What might be discussed in the paragraphs following the last one?
A. More examples of selective breeding. B. Disadvantages of selective breeding.
C. Influence of selective breeding on species. D. Comparison between natural and selective breeding.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了选择性育种，又称人工选择，是人类用来培育具有理想性状的新生物的过程。它可以用来生产更美味的水果和蔬菜，具有更强抗虫害能力的作物，以及可以用作肉类的大型动物。介绍了选择性育种的一些例子和这项技术的应用情况。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Selective breeding, also known as artificial selection, is a process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable traits. It can be used to produce tastier fruits and vegetables, crops with greater resistance to pests, and larger animals that can be used for meat.(选择性育种，又称人工选择，是人类用来培育具有理想性状的新生物的过程。它可以用来生产更美味的水果和蔬菜，具有更强抗虫害能力的作物，以及可以用作肉类的大型动物)”结合后文主要说明了选择性育种的一些例子和应用，可推知，在第一段中作者想要引入一个新的话题进行讨论。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a result, many dog breeds vastly differ in appearance, a unique phenomenon in the animal world, as different breeds of a single species generally look like each other. The Chihuahua and the Dalmatian, for instance, are both dogs, yet they share few physical features. (因此，许多品种的狗在外观上有很大的差异，这在动物世界是一个独特的现象，因为同一族类的不同品种通常看起来彼此相似。例如，Chihuahua和Dalmatian都是狗，但它们的身体特征很少相同)”可推知，提到Chihuahua和Dalmatian是为了表明选择性育种带来的不同的外观。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Corn is an unusual product of selective breeding. Unlike rice, wheat, and cabbage, which have clear ancestors, there is no wild plant that looks like corn. The earliest records of corn indicate that the plant was developed in southern Mexico 6,000—10,000 years ago from a grass called teosinte. (玉米是一种不寻常的选择性育种产品。不像有明确祖先的水稻、小麦和卷心菜，没有看起来像玉米的野生植物。最早的玉米记录表明，这种植物是在6000年到10000年前在墨西哥南部由一种叫大刍草的草发展而来的)”可知，玉米作为一种选择性育种的产品的特别之处是它和它的祖先在外观上几乎没有相似之处。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Without selective breeding, many of the plants and animals on earth today would not exist. However, every coin has two sides.(如果没有选择性育种，今天地球上的许多植物和动物就不会存在。然而，任何事物都有两面性。)”可推知，在接下来的段落中可能讨论选择性育种的缺点。故选B。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Personal development doesn't just happen. ___16___ Self-development requires hard work, devotion and an ever-growing skill. So，what new skills do you need to power forward?
On your journey toward your best self, you need to set goals. The key is balance : If your goals are too high, you'll get discouraged when you fall short. ___17___ The better approach is to think in milestones. If you want to be a novelist, don't set a goal to finish a book in a week. Focus on getting a couple of pages done each day, or on writing a chapter each week. This measurable progress is more sustainable and fulfilling.
___18___ To keep going when times are tough, you have to learn how to manage your stress levels. If light walks help you keep your head on straight, schedule one for your lunch period every day. If you need to take Sundays off to recharge for the next week, it's more than acceptable to do so.
Organization is a skill that comes more naturally to some people than others. If you're a naturally messy person, start small. Otherwise, you'll be at a loss. ___19___ Clean up your bedroom or your car. If physical cleaning is stressful, start by cutting out files from your computer. Believe it or not, one clean space can set the tone for the rest of your life.
On the road of personal development, you'll run into some barriers. Nobody but you can remove these from your path. ___20___ Perhaps anxiety is keeping you from doing your best work. Instead of struggling through it, quietly take a mental health day.
A. Personal growth needs stress management.
B. Focus on the places where you spend the most time.
C. You can't expect to wake up the next day with new skills.
D. Don't let personal challenges stand in the way of your growth.
E. That's why problem solving is a vital skill for self-development.
F. You absolutely don't need to disclose why you're taking a sick day.
G. Start too small, and you'll become satisfied with your progress too early.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了个人发展所需要具备的技能。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Personal development doesn't just happen.（个人发展不是凭空发生的。）”和下文“Self-development requires hard work, devotion and an ever-growing skill.（自我发展需要努力工作、奉献精神和不断增长的技能。）”可知，空处对上文进行解释说明，不能指望一觉醒来就有了新技能。C项：You can't expect to wake up the next day with new skills.（你不能指望第二天醒来就能学到新技能。）符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The key is balance : If your goals are too high, you'll get discouraged when you fall short.（关键是平衡：如果你的目标太高，当你没有达到目标时，你会感到沮丧。）可知，空处说明为了保持平衡，设置的目标也不能太小。G项：Start too small, and you'll become satisfied with your progress too early.（起步太小，你会太早对自己的进步感到满意。）符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“To keep going when times are tough, you have to learn how to manage your stress levels.（为了在困难时期继续前进，你必须学会如何管理你的压力水平。）”可知，本段主要讲述的是要管理好压力。A项：Personal growth needs stress management.（个人成长需要压力管理。）符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Clean up your bedroom or your car.（打扫你的卧室或你的车。）”和“Believe it or not, one clean space can set the tone for the rest of your life.（信不信由你，一个干净的空间可以为你的余生定下基调。）”可知，空处说明要关注自己经常活动的空间。B项：Focus on the places where you spend the most time.（把注意力集中在你花最多时间的地方。）符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“On the road of personal development, you'll run into some barriers. Nobody but you can remove these from your path.（在个人发展的道路上，你会遇到一些障碍。除了你，没有人能把这些从你的道路上移除。）”可知，空处总结人生道路上会遇到的障碍是需要解决问题的原因。E项：That's why problem solving is a vital skill for self-development.（这就是为什么解决问题对于自我发展是一项至关重要的技能。）符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My parents announced I was getting my own room. I was wild with ___21___, because my sister was not great at sharing. ___22___, my new bedroom was down in the partly unfinished basement (地下室), usually a ___23___ place for a five-year-old. Because of that, I ___24___for a while—until I found my great-grandmothers bedroom next to mine. But even so, I was still ___25___of sleeping in that big, old, terrible basement.
My grandmother ___26___ completely and started letting me crawl(爬)in bed with her. It ___27___ well for both of us for a while. But when my parents found out, they were ___28___ , saying if I continued to do that, I would never be able to make it alone.
Of course, I screamed and cried but ___29___ . I was forced back. Struggling through several nights, I suddenly hit upon a(n) ___30___ . When I was sure my grandma was asleep, I got up and ___31___ as quietly as I could into her bedroom. It seemed like only minutes had passed when I was suddenly being shaken awake. Get back to your room before your parents get up, just to save us some ___32___ she said softly. I ran back. My door was opened and then shut again. It ___33___!
After that the___34___ repeated every night. Thanks to my grandma, I never had to sleep by myself, but I still had the ___35___ of my own room.
21. A. anger B. curiosity C. joy D. courage
22. A. Unfortunately B. Eventually C. Typically D. Simply
23. A. mysterious B. perfect C. frightening D. fascinating
24. A. hesitated B. doubted C. thought D. wandered
25. A. capable B. guilty C. ashamed D. afraid
26. A. approved B. understood C. rejected D. disagreed
27. A. went on B. kept up C. came up D. moved on
28 A. amazed B. sympathetic C. unhappy D. cautious
29. A. on purpose B. at length C. in turn D. without success
30. A. complaint B. idea C. excuse D. concept
31. A. slipped B. rushed C. jumped D. broke
32. A. trouble B. time C. effort D. energy
33. A. existed B. counted C. stopped D. worked
34. A. routine B. dream C. story D. game
35. A. choice B. honor C. benefit D. reason
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者拥有了自己的房间非常高兴，但是房间却在可怕的地下室，这又让作者很害怕。幸亏作者的祖母理解作者，让作者和自己睡，作者的父母发现后很不高兴，作者反抗也没有用。但是作者却想到了一个办法，那就是晚上偷偷溜进祖母的房间，然后在父母发现之前回到自己的房间。作者觉得多亏了祖母，自己再也不用一个人睡了，却仍然有自己的房间。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我欣喜若狂，因为我妹妹不善于分享。A. anger愤怒；B. curiosity好奇心；C. joy快乐；D. courage勇气。根据后文“because my sister was not great at sharing.”可知，作者的妹妹不善于和作者分享房间，所以作者有了自己的房间非常高兴。wild with joy“欣喜若狂”。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我的新卧室在未完工的地下室里，对一个五岁的孩子来说，那里通常是一个可怕的地方。A. Unfortunately不幸地是；B. Eventually终于；C. Typically代表性地；D. Simply简单地。上文提到作者有了自己的房间很高兴，后文则说房间在可怕的地下室里，所以这是不幸的事情。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我的新卧室在未完工的地下室里，对一个五岁的孩子来说，那里通常是一个可怕的地方。A. mysterious神秘的；B. perfect完美的；C. frightening可怕的；D. fascinating迷人的。根据后文“in that big, old, terrible basement.”可知对于一个五岁的孩子来说，地下室通常是一个可怕的地方。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正因为如此，我犹豫了一会儿——直到我发现曾祖母的卧室就在我的隔壁。A. hesitated犹豫；B. doubted怀疑；C. thought认为；D. wandered徘徊。作者有了独自的房间，但是在可怕的地下室里，所以作者犹豫（要不要这个房间）。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但即便如此，我还是害怕睡在那个又大又旧又可怕的地下室里。A. capable有能力的；B. guilty内疚的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. afraid害怕的。根据后文“of sleeping in that big, old, terrible basement”可知，地下室又大又可怕，作者害怕睡在那里，短语be afraid of doing sth.“害怕做某事”。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母完全理解我，开始让我爬到她的床上。A. approved批准；B. understood理解；C. rejected拒绝；D. disagreed不同意。根据后文“started letting me crawl in bed with her.”可知祖母让作者和自己睡，说明她理解作者恐惧睡在地下室。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一段时间我们俩都维持得很好。A. went on持续；B. kept up保持；C. came up走近；D. moved on继续。根据后文“ But when my parents found out”可知作者和祖母睡在一起的情况维持了一段时间，直到后来作者的父母发现了，很不高兴。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我的父母发现后，他们很不高兴，说如果我继续这样做，我将永远无法独自睡觉了。A. amazed惊讶的；B. sympathetic同情的；C. unhappy不快乐的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据后文“saying if I continued to do that, I would never be able to make it alone”可知作者的父母认为作者如果一直和祖母睡在一起，可能永远不能自己睡觉，所以推测他们对作者和祖母睡的做法不高兴。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：当然，我尖叫和哭泣，但没有成功。A. on purpose故意地；B. at length最后；C. in turn反过来；D. without success不成功。根据后文“I was forced back.”可知作者的反抗没有取得成功。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个晚上的努力，我突然想到了一个主意。A. complaint抱怨；B. idea想法；C. excuse借口；D. concept概念。根据上文“Struggling through several nights, I suddenly hit upon an”以及后文作者偷偷跑去了祖母睡，可知作者又想出了一个可以和祖母睡在一起的办法，短语hit upon an idea“突然想到了一个主意”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我确信我奶奶睡着了，我爬起来，悄悄地溜进她的卧室。A. slipped偷溜，滑动；B. rushed急忙；C. jumped跳跃；D. broke打破。根据后文“as quietly as I could into her bedroom”可知作者为了不让父母发现，是悄悄溜进祖母卧室的。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在你父母起床之前回到你的房间去，好给我们省点麻烦，”她轻声说。A. trouble麻烦；B. time时间；C. effort努力；D. energy能量。根据上文“Get back to your room before your parents get up, just to save us some”结合作者的父母不同意作者和祖母睡，可知祖母让作者在父母起床之前回到自己的房间去，可以避免父母责备，省点麻烦。短语save sb. some trouble“为某人省去一些麻烦”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它奏效了。A. existed存在；B. counted计数；C. stopped停止；D. worked工作，奏效。根据后文“repeated every night”他们每晚如此，可见这个方法奏效、起作用了。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，每天晚上都重复这一套动作。A. routine常规；B. dream梦想；C. story故事；D. game游戏。根据后文“repeated every night”可知，从那以后作者每晚都偷溜进祖母的房间，和祖母一起睡觉，所以是每天晚上都重复这一套动作。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了祖母，我再也不用一个人睡了，但我还是有自己房间的好处。A. choice选择；B. honor荣誉；C. benefit益处，好处；D. reason理由。根据后文“of my own room.”结合第一段中提到作者有了自己的房间非常高兴，可知作者既不用一个人睡了，也保留了拥有自己独立房间的好处。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bioprinting is medically and bio — technologically similar to 3D printing. By using the same principles, the aim is to ___36___ (rapid) develop living structures similar to human-grown organs and tissue that can be used to treat people or test new drugs. Bioprinting may be a relatively new field but the results so far are ___37___ (encourage).
Australian researchers have used neural cells in a custom-made bioink to create a “desktop brain” ___38___ allows doctors to test brain function, new drugs and study brain disorders. Meanwhile, medicine scientists in the US have created a bioprinter able ___39___(construct) ear, muscle and bone structures with the right size, ___40___(strong) as well as function for implantation.
One of the primary goals of bioprinting is to create functioning organs, for example, hearts. By printing compatible(兼容的) organs using a patient's own cells, the donor ___41___(wait) list could become a thing of the past. To get ___42___ this point there have been some important breakthroughs in printing vascularized (血管化的) tissue in complex 3D shapes.
Organ printing can improve ___43___ health of society in general by wiping off the problem of diseases ___44___ (cause) by organ failure, costly treatments and social care. That promise may be years away from realization but rapid typing enabled by bioprinting at present ____45____(push) medical advances forward at pace.
【答案】36. rapidly
37. encouraging
38. that/which
39. to construct
40. strength
41. waiting
42. to 43. the
44. caused 45. is pushing
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了生物打印可能是一个相对较新的领域，但迄今为止的结果令人鼓舞。文章主要介绍了生物打印技术的研发和目标等情况。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：通过使用同样的原理，目标是快速开发出与人类生长的器官和组织类似的活体结构，用于治疗人类或测试新药。修饰后文动词develop应用副词rapidly，作状语。故填rapidly。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：生物打印可能是一个相对较新的领域，但迄今为止的结果令人鼓舞。根据上文are可知应填形容词encouraging，作表语，表示“令人鼓舞”，修饰物。故填encouraging。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：澳大利亚研究人员在定制的生物墨水中使用神经细胞创造了一个“桌面大脑”，使医生可以测试大脑功能、新药和研究大脑疾病。此处为定语从句修饰先行词a “desktop brain ”，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，美国的医学科学家已经发明了一种生物打印机，能够构建出适合植入的大小、强度和功能的耳朵、肌肉和骨骼结构。结合句意表示“能够做某事”可知短语为be able to do sth.。故填to construct。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：与此同时，美国的医学科学家已经发明了一种生物打印机，能够构建出适合植入的大小、强度和功能的耳朵、肌肉和骨骼结构。空处作介词with的宾语，表示“强度”应用名词strength，表抽象概念不可数。故填strength。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过使用患者自己的细胞打印出兼容的器官，等待捐赠的名单将成为过去。分析句子结构可知wait在句中应用非谓语动词形式，说明被修饰名词list的用途，应用动名词形式作定语。故填waiting。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：为了实现这一点，在打印复杂三维形状的血管化组织方面已经取得了一些重要突破。结合句意表示“实现这一点”可知短语为get to this point。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：器官打印可以消除由器官衰竭、昂贵的治疗和社会护理引起的疾病问题，从而改善整个社会的健康状况。health此处为特指整个社会的健康状况，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：器官打印可以消除由器官衰竭、昂贵的治疗和社会护理引起的疾病问题，从而改善整个社会的健康状况。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the problem of diseases构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填caused。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这一前景可能还需要数年时间才能实现，但目前生物打印带来的快速打印功能正在推动医学进步的步伐。表示动作目前正在进行，应用现在进行时，主语为rapid typing，谓语动词用单数。故填is pushing。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。你在国际学校就读的好友Tom想了解你校下周六将进行的劳动课。请你给他写 一封电子邮件，内容如下：
1.介绍劳动课的内容；
2.邀请参加；
3.提醒相关事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear Tom,
How is it going? I’m delighted to tell you a labor class is scheduled at 8:00 next Saturday morning in our school.
The labor class aims to improve students’ skills in life, which has many interesting activities, including planting trees or flowers, raising chicks and helping do some cleaning. Therefore, I would very much like to invite you to join us in it. If you do, please take some necessary working tools, such as brooms and gloves. Besides, don’t forget to arrive at our school on time.
Looking forward to your coming!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给Tom写封信，介绍下周六学校将进行的劳动课。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：improve→enhance
有（涉及）：has→involves
帮助：help→assist
此外：besides→additionally
2.句式拓展
简单句改为复合句
原句：The labor class aims to improve students’ skills in life... Therefore, I would very much like to invite you to join us in it.
拓展句：The labor class aims to improve students’ skills in life so that I would very much like to invite you to join us in it.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m delighted to tell you a labor class is scheduled at 8:00 next Saturday morning in our school. (运用了宾语从句）

[高分句型2] The labor class aims to improve students’ skills in life, which has many interesting activities, including planting trees or flowers, raising chicks and helping do some cleaning. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和including结构)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I love parties. I love planning for them, making the invitations, planning the games and decorating my own cake. The only thing that I don't like is deciding on the guest list. When 1 was in grade school my mom would tell me the maximum number of friends that I could invite and it was always a number too small for my list.
I also liked all different kinds of people. I never quite fit into one of the many little groups at my school, so I just kind of floated around, accumulating friends from various backgrounds. There was an “in" crowd made up of the cool kids who had the power to rule the school-if a cool kid wore two different colored socks to school one day, everyone thought it was great. But if an uncool kid did the same thing, the other kids would turn away in disgust （厌恶）.It made getting dressed in the morning a very scary thing.
Shannon was one of my friends who seemed to unknowingly break the rules of uncoolness" all the time. I don't know why she was targeted, but people found it acceptable to make fun of her. Shannon was a nice girl and wore pretty clothes, but was somewhat overweight and didn't talk much. She was picked on a lot. Whenever there was an strange noise or smell in the classroom the kids would giggle （咯咯笑）and point at her. Shannon never said anything, but it made me feel sick inside. Shannon was innocent, I thought.
One year, to celebrate my birthday, my mom told me I could have a party at our house. I struggled for days deciding on which girls to invite. Once I had chosen all the names, I made the invitations and handed them out to my friends at school.
“Why did you invite her?” asked one of my cool friends when it was discovered that I had invited Shannon. She pressured me to tell her not to come. There were other people I could add in her place who would be more acceptable.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1 ：
Unsure what to do, I was put in a, difficult situation.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 ：
Weeks later, Shannon suddenly called to thank me for inviting her to the party.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1：
Unsure what to do, I was put in a difficult situation. I liked Shannon, yet I was afraid that I would become the target of the children’s ridicule if I insisted on inviting Shannon to my party. I knew the right thing to do, but I struggled with the fear of having to live with my decision. Finally, my consciousness took over. I decided not to say anything to Shannon and let the invitations stay as written, despite the fact that I was worried about what would happen. Luckily, the party worked out well, with all of us having fun together.
Paragraph 2：
Weeks later, Shannon suddenly called to thank me for inviting her to the party. She said my invitation brightened her days. Shannon cherished the memory of that birthday party. It was important to her that I had welcomed her into the fun, and it was a day when she felt accepted and part of a group. She talked about the games we played and the cake we ate, remembering all the details. For me, it was just a simple party. But for Shannon, it was a signal of acceptance.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在上初中时顶着朋友的压力，在自己的生日晚会上邀请了不受大家欢迎的Shannon的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“不知道该怎么做，我陷入了困境。”可知，第一段可描写作者在经历过内心的挣扎之后，决定顶着被嘲笑的压力邀请Shannon。
②由第二段首句内容“几周后，Shannon突然打电话感谢我邀请她参加派对。”可知，第二段可描写Shannon来电致谢的主要内容以及作者的感想。
2.续写线索：作者害怕被嘲笑——在恐惧中挣扎——最终邀请了Shannon——Shannon表示作者的邀请使她的生活充满了欢乐——Shannon感到自己被接受
3.词汇激活
行为类
嘲笑：ridicule/make fun of
挣扎：struggle/flounder
照亮，变快活：brighten/light up
接受：accept/embrace
情绪类
害怕的：afraid/fearful
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I decided not to say anything to Shannon and let the invitations stay as written, despite the fact that I was worried about what would happen.（that引导同位语从句）
[高分句型2]
It was important to her that I had welcomed her into the fun, and it was a day when she felt accepted and part of a group.（it为形式主语，that引导主语从句）