高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics课后作业题

Unit 4 Everyday economics

课时分层作业(十)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．He wiped away the beads of sweat on his forehead(前额)．

2．Her head still hurt，and she felt slightly dizzy(头晕目眩)．

3．I am confident because I know the creative and enterprising (有进取心的)spirit of this region's people.

4．We will forever be grateful for his considerable input(投入)．

5．The phase(阶段) of writing that is actually most important is revision.

6．The medicine was ready for distribution(分销)．

7．He was a consultant(顾问) to the Swedish government.

8．He purchased(购买) a ticket and went up on the top deck.

9．Pupils will need careful guidance (指导)on their choice of options.

10．I got a five­month bonus(奖金) last year.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Stephen Wiltshire is a famous artist.His drawings —often drawn from memory and at great speed—are sketched(素描) on the spot at street level.

Stephen，who was born in London in 1974，didn't say a word as a small child，and found it hard to relate to other people.At the age of five，Stephen was sent to Queensmill School，London，where it soon became apparent that he communicated through the language of drawing.His teachers encouraged him to speak by taking away his art materials for a short time；eventually he said his first words—“paper” and “pencil”—but didn't learn to speak fully until the age of nine.

Stephen loved drawing and he was seldom to be found without pen and paper.Once he took part in art competitions，news of his great talent began to spread.Early fans included the late Prime Minister Edward Heath who bought his drawing of Salisbury Cathedral，made when Stephen was just eight.

But Stephen came to wider public attention when the BBC featured him in the programme，The Foolish Wise Ones in 1987，when he was introduced by Sir Hugh Casson(a past president of the Royal Academy)，as “the best child artist in Britain”.

After that，Stephen's reputation grew worldwide.A second BBC documentary in 2001 showed Stephen flying over London in a helicopter and later completing a detailed drawing of London within three hours，which included 12 historic landmarks(地标性建筑)and 200 other structures.

In 2006 Stephen was recognised for his services to the art world，when he was made a member of the Order of the British Empire.Today wherever Stephen goes，people are attracted by his outstanding talent.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了天才画家Stephen Wiltshire。他在一个陌生的城市，只要在街上转一圈，就可以把街景建筑全都像电脑一样事无巨细地储存下来，再用画笔还原出来。

1．What problem did Stephen have when he was a small child?

A．No schools wanted him.

B．No teachers liked him.

C．He couldn't speak.

D．He couldn't spell.

C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Stephen...didn't say a word as a small child...but didn't learn to speak fully until the age of nine.”可知，Stephen小时候不会说话。]

2．When did Stephen become world­famous?

A．After his second BBC documentary.

B．After the programme The Foolish Wise Ones．

C．After he met with the late Prime Minister Edward Heath.

D．After Sir Hugh Casson bought his drawing of Salisbury Cathedral.

B　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“After that，Stephen's reputation grew worldwide.”，再结合第四段内容可知，Stephen上了BBC的节目The Foolish Wise Ones之后开始闻名世界。]

3．What is special about Stephen's drawing of London?

A．It was his greatest work.

B．It was drawn in a helicopter.

C．It featured historic landmarks.

D．It was finished in a short time.

D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“completing a detailed drawing of London within three hours”可知，Stephen只用了三个小时就完成了伦敦画作。另外第一段中的“His drawings—often drawn from memory and at great speed”也说明了Stephen绘画速度之快。]

4．The text is likely to appear in          ．

A．a novel 　　　　 B．a biography

C．an official report 　 D．a history paper

B　[文章出处题。本文按照时间顺序介绍了天才画家Stephen Wiltshire从小至今的主要事迹，因此本文最有可能出自一篇传记。]

B

According to a recent study published in Journal of Consumer Research，many people believe that healthy food must be more expensive than unhealthy food.In fact，the study's researchers found that a high price tag will even convince consumers that a certain food is healthful.

According to Rebecca Reczek，co­author of the study，the purpose of the study was to examine a popular belief．Sometimes the belief can be true：Organic produce and wild­caught seafood typically cost more money.But other times，the nutritional value of food ranks all the same.

In one experiment，Reczek's team gave a group of participants a new food product called “granola bites”．Some participants were told the product was very healthy.Other participants were told the bites had little nutritional value.Participants who were told the granola bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.

In another experiment，participants were given a health food bar labeled as “the healthiest protein bar on the planet”．Some participants were told the bar cost just $0.99，others were told the bar was $4.And here's what happened：The people who were given the “cheaper” bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.

The idea that we all believe healthy food needs to be more expensive works against us.All food companies need to do is push up the price to convince us.

But Reczek said，“When we shop，we don't have to be led astray.We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store.We can use facts rather than our intuition(直觉)．”

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人们认为越贵的食物营养价值就越高，这种想法很容易被商家利用。

5．What does “a popular belief” underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．That people should eat healthy food.

B．That organic produce is really healthy for us.

C．That the nutritional value of food isn't the same.

D．That eating healthy food means spending more money.

D　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“many people believe that healthy food must be more expensive than unhealthy food.”以及第二段中的“Sometimes the belief can be true：Organic produce and wild­caught seafood typically cost more money.But other times，the nutritional value of food ranks all the same.”可知，这个很普遍的观点就是：越贵的食物营养价值就越高。]

6．Why did some participants regard the granola bites as more expensive?

A．Because they knew they had high nutritional value.

B．Because they had been told about the price of them.

C．Because they knew they were a new food product.

D．Because they considered them organic food.

A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants who were told the granola bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.”可知，他们认为这种食物价格更高是因为他们被告知这种食物对他们的健康有益，即营养价值高。]

7．How did some participants react when hearing the bar cost $0.99?

A．They considered it healthy.

B．They were doubtful about it.

C．They really wanted to buy it.

D．They were very happy about it.

B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The people who were given the ‘cheaper’ bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.”可知，他们对低的价格持怀疑态度。]

8．According to Reczek，what should we do when we go shopping?

A．Buy food that is more expensive.

B．Consult other people for advice.

C．Pay attention to nutrition labels.

D．Avoid buying unknown food.

C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store.”可知选C项。]

Ⅲ.阅读七选五

Need more excitement in your life? Maybe it's time to take up an extreme sport!

  1   Each year they are becoming more and more popular.Some examples of extreme sports include base jumping，ice climbing，cave diving，and...cheese rolling？！

No one knows exactly how it started，but Cooper's Hill Cheese­Rolling Race is an annual event that has taken place for over 100 years.The name comes from Cooper's Hill where the “sport” takes place，just outside the village of Brockworth，England.

  2   A wheel of cheese is thrown down a hill while a group of people chase after it，trying to be the first to catch it or reach the bottom of the hill.The cheese weighs just over 3kg and picks up a lot of speed travelling down the very steep slope(斜坡)．  3   And if you come second or third you'll receive ￡10.Incredibly，the event has become so popular that people travel from all over the world to take part—even from as far away as Canada and Australia.

But what makes the sport so extreme，and why has the local government tried to ban the tradition? Injuries—and lots of them.The hill is so steep that it's not actually possible to run down it.  4   Ambulances arrive at the event before the race even starts in preparation for all those who will need a trip to the hospital.Go to YouTube and search for “Gloucestershire Cheese Rolling” to see the event in action.  5   Maybe you will want to have a try someday.

A．It's as silly as it sounds.

B．If you win，you get to keep the cheese.

C．Is it wrong to let children do extreme sports?

D．These popular activities can be extremely dangerous.

E．Be prepared to both laugh and cover your eyes in shock.

F．Instead，you fall，bounce and roll your way to the bottom.

G．Extreme sports are activities that involve a high amount of danger and excitement.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了滚奶酪极限运动。

1．G　[G项中的Extreme sports与上文的“an extreme sport”相呼应；该空后的they即指代G项中的Extreme sports。]

2．A　[下文的“A wheel of cheese is thrown down a hill...the bottom of the hill.”是对A项的具体说明，即这项运动看起来和听起来一样傻。]

3．B　[B项与下文的“And if you come second or third you'll receive ￡10.”都是对奖项的说明。]

4．F　[F项是对上文的“The hill is so steep that it's not actually possible to run down it.”的进一步说明，指出该项运动为什么危险。]

5．E　[E项与上文的“search for ‘Gloucestershire Cheese Rolling’ to see the event in action”相呼应。]