2021承德一中高二下学期第三次周测英语试卷含答案

高二英语周测3  2021/04/18

本试卷满分100分，时间45分钟

I．阅读理解(每题2.5分，总分27.5分)

A

Whales，like dolphins，belong to a group of mammals called “cetaceans”．This name comes from a Latin word meaning “large sea animals”．There are at least seventy-five kinds of cetaceans. Scientists divide the various kinds into two major groups—baleen whales，which do not have teeth，and toothed whales，which have teeth. Whales have the same basic shape as fish，but they differ from fish in many ways. The most noticeable difference is the tail. Fish have vertical tail fins(鳍)，but whales have horizontal tail fins. Fish breathe by means of gills(鳃)，while whales have lungs and must come to the surface to breathe. But they can hold their breath for long periods.

Like other mammals，whales give birth to live young and feed them with milk produced by the mother’s body. Most fish，however，lay eggs and do not feed their young. Whales are also warm-blooded—that is，their body temperature remains about the same all the time. Almost all fish are cold-blooded. Their body temperature changes with changes in the temperature of the water.

Whales have a highly developed brain and they are highly advanced life forms. They sing to their young，engage in complex family relationships，and their communication skills are fine.

In December 2005，a whale，after being rescued from fishing nets，didn’t just swim back to deep water. It hung around and touched each of the divers with its mouth. “Knowing that it was free，it stopped about a foot away from me，pushed me around a little bit and had some fun，” said dive master James Moskito.He thought it was “one of the most fantastic moments” of his life.　　

1．According to Paragraph 1，which of the following shows the correct relationship?

A．Mammals are a type of cetacean.      B．Cetaceans are not a type of mammal.

C．Whales belong to the cetacean family.  D．Mammals are a type of whale.

2．Which of the following is NOT a difference between whales and fish?

A．Whales breathe by means of lungs.

B．Whales have tail fins.

C．Whales feed their young with milk.

D．A whale’s body temperature nearly doesn’t change.

3．Why didn’t the whale swim back to the sea after it was saved?

A．It lost its way in the sea.       B．It was seriously wounded.

C．It was frightened by the divers.  D．It wanted to thank the divers.

B

Some years ago，Michel Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship—but why? Only later，after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that there was a link.

The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them，often seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill，” recalls Andre，who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia，Barcelona.

Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed with such clarity(清晰) before.

It was not an easy task. Sound waves don’t travel through water in the uniform，predictable way they do through the air. Instead，the temperature，salinity(盐度) and，flow of water have great effects on their path.

What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less，which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.

As for dealing with the root cause of the problem，the UN’s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships，but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed.

“The ocean is not our world，” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work，we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.

4．What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Stubborn.    B．Flexible.      C．Dull.      D．Friendly.

5．What’s one way to solve the problem according to the text?

A．To lower the speed of ships.

B．To reduce the number of ships.

C．To set up preserves under the sea.

D．To give the injured animals timely treatment.

6．What is the author’s attitude towards what Michel Andre has done?

A．Doubtful.    B．Disapproving.    C．Positive.   D．Uncaring.

7．What is the text mainly about?

A．A great expert.           B．Noise in the sea.

C．Animals in the sea.        D．Sea exploration technology.

                            C

California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).

The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.

Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).

But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.

The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).

Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.

8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.

B. The increasing variety of California big trees.

C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.

D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.

9. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?

A. Ecological studies of forests.    B. Banning woodcutting.

C. Limiting housing development.    D. Fire control measures.

10. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre?

A. Inadequate snowmelt.      B. A longer dry season.

C. A warmer climate.      D. Dampness of the air.

11. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?

B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon

C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?

D. Patrick Mclntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California

Ⅱ.七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A new report says plastic is responsible for the damage to the oceans and the undersea environment. The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference.  12 

Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.  13   After a while，it collects in the sea. And plastic never goes away. Plastic is not biodegradable—destroyed by bacteria or natural processes. Instead，it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time. The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants.(污染物)  14   That means harmful material may get into our food supply.

  15  Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it. They can use fewer single use containers and throw plastic away correctly. Plastic recycling programmers also work where old bottles and other plastic are collected，broken down and used to make new products.

The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastic.  16   And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.

By putting a new value on plastic，industry has a special reason to clean up the environment. But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem.

A．Then，fish may eat the plastic.

B．It asks them to better measure and direct plastic use.

C．The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.

D．The report talks about the harm to sea life and what can be done to improve the situation.

E．Plastic should be gathered together and reused.

F．But people can make a big difference.

G．It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.

III.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

I settled into my seat on a plane bound for Cuba feeling annoyed. When I planned the trip， I had   17    that my Cuban partners and I would hit the ground， heading to the field straight away to collect samples（ 样 本 ） . That’ s how I’ d done fieldwork in other places. But    18    in Cuba， it seemed. Five days earlier， a Cuban scientist informed me that we’ d only be meeting to    19    our planned project. Sampling would happen during a later trip. That left me feeling    20    . Why did I need to travel there to have a meeting？ But I had something to    21   in Cuba.

At the airport， one of my Cuban partners greeted me with a （ an）   22    smile， a strong handshake and a warm hug. Then we drove to the research center. We    23    every lab in the building. I met scientists， secretaries， students， and the cook. I was    24    to each person in their center.

The next day， we met again to brainstorm. Had it not been for the Cubans， I wouldn’ t have been   25    that the maps I had were outdated and wrong. It was a big problem and our results would have been    26    . Local involvement（ 参 与 ） and knowledge were    27    — making me wonder what I’ d missed working without such a    28    in Africa， South America， and the Arctic.

Six months later， I flew back to Cuba and— this time— we headed directly into the    29    . We drove around Cuba in bright yellow vans （厢式货车） ， and we made sure that each van had a    30    of Cubans and Americans at all age and position levels. In the field students， scientists and technicians all   31    together. At night， we searched for a restaurant that could seat all 14 of us at one    32   —because that’ s what teams do， they sit together.

In 26 years as a professor， I’ ve always tried my best to treat my students as    33   partners. But my Cuban partners take teamwork to another    34    entirely. They make it clear— through actions both big and small— that all team members were treated    35    and that true teamwork    36    better science.

17．A．confirmed B．suspected C．promised D．assumed

18．A．still B．also C．not D．then

19．A．give up B．talk about C．take over D．carry out

20．A．impatient B．unfriendly C．optimistic D．comfortable

21．A．offer B．learn C．complain D．risk

22．A．sympathetic B．tight C．broad D．artificial

23．A．toured B．checked C．designed D．equipped

24．A．compared B．taught C．invited D．introduced

25．A．envious B．aware C．content D．ignorant

26．A．affected B．improved C．reached D．avoided

27．A．slight B．direct C．key D．public

28．A．map B．problem C．person D．team

29．A．lab B．city C．field D．centre

30．A．mix B．lack C．privilege D．mention

31．A．cried B．sweated C．panicked D．trembled

32．A．time B．seat C．end D．table

33．A．valued B．promoted C．challenged D．employed

34．A．chance B．application C．project D．level

35．A．gently B．equally C．seriously D．roughly

36．A．begs for     B．relies on             C．makes for       D．feeds on

IV.单项填空(每题2分，总分20分)

37. The traditional approach _______with complex problem is to break them down into smaller , more easily managed problems.

A.to dealing           B. in dealing       C. dealing      D. to deal

38. The owner of the shop asked the assistant to _____the pears that can be thrown away.

  A. work out         B. make out     C. sort out       D. figure out

39. The grandparents  ___________when she saw the gold medal their grandson had got at the Olympic Games.

  A. couldn’t help to smile             B. couldn’t help smiling

  C. couldn’t help but smiled           D. could not help but smile

40. I don’t really work here; I ______until the new secretary arrives.

  A. just help out     B. have just helped out  C. am just helping out    D. will just help out

41. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ______the cloth ______well.

  A. have told ; washes           B. have been told ; washes

  C. was told ; washed            D. have been told ; is washed

42. - Jack, what do you think of the event which not only promoted ____of world hunger, but raised a lot of money to help those poor children.

 A. contribution        B. direction        C. awareness      D. loneliness

43. I was not ______her presence till she spoke to me.

  A. realized          B. aware about      C. aware of     D. recognize

44.Earth is believed _______by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled.

 A. to be hit          B. to have hit        C. to have been hit       D. to hit

45. This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months, but it will disappear ____.

 A. in no time      B. at no time   C. at one time      D. at a time

46. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, _____with his old one.

 A. comparing        B. compares   C. to compare    D. compared

VI． 默写（总分10分）

注意：不用默写全文，开头已给出，从First, 开始写即可。

However, they also cause danger to sea animals. First,______________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

高二周测3答案

I.阅读（每题2.5，总分27.5）CBD  CACB   ADCA  

DCAFB

DCBAB  CADBA   CDCAB  DADBC

ACBCB  CCCAD

VI.默写（总分10分）