新人教版高考英语一轮复习考点规范练23含解析

考点规范练23

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2019·全国Ⅱ)

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem?It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years,Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案).“We don’t give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold,a project manager.

“There are no tests,” Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’Basically,it’s‘I’ve got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA.’Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and...it’s not a very nice thing at times.It’s a hard business review of your product.”

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria?Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.

1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?

A.They are hard to get rid of.

B.They lead to air pollution.

C.They appear in different forms.

D.They damage the instruments.

2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?

A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.

B.To sharpen students’ communication skills.

C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.

D.To link space technology with school education.

3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?

A.Check their product.

B.Guide project designs.

C.Adjust work schedules.

D.Grade their homework.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts

B.Space:The Final Homework Frontier

C.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom

D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform

Ⅱ.完形填空

One Monday evening,I received a direct message from a boy who found a mean message in his locker.He took a picture of it and sent it to me asking for 　1　.I asked him to meet me the following morning. 

A few hours later I 　2　 on the Internet that he had posted the picture of the mean note and asked if anyone 　3　 who it was.I thought it was 　4　 of the boy to find it out via social media. 

The next day the boy came to me and another 　5　 was with him.The boy showed me another note he had 　6　.But this was a beautiful,heartfelt　7　.I asked him if he knew who had done it,and the boy who came with him 　8　,“It was me.I don’t know why I did it,　9　 I know it was wrong and not at all kind.So I wrote him this note.I also wrote 150 notes with 　10　 sayings and put them in all the lockers.I just 　11　 to do something to make up for my 　12　.” 

My heart felt full of pride and love for this 　13　boy.I told him how courageous it was for him to come 　14　 and how amazing it was that he did something kind in return to try to balance his 　15　.I turned to the boy who received both notes and asked him if he also 　16　 the bravery and could forgive.Without　17　,he said,“Yes,definitely.And　18　 anyone tries to be mean to him for making a bad choice,I will stand up to him.” 

These two boys 　19　 me that coming forward when we need help is important,and coming forward to 　20　 a wrong is vital. 

1.A.support　　 B.money

C.help D.comfort

2.A.noticed B.realized

C.concluded D.declared

3.A.agreed B.predicted

C.knew D.imagined

4.A.patient B.smart

C.honest D.reliable

5.A.boy B.teacher

C.girl D.advisor

6.A.written B.lost

C.received D.selected

7.A.invitation B.wish

C.greeting D.apology

8.A.replied B.added

C.shouted D.argued

9.A.so B.for

C.or D.but

10.A.simple B.kind

C.specific D.cautious

11.A.wanted B.continued

C.failed D.refused

12.A.carelessness B.loneliness

C.meanness D.sadness

13.A.special B.unique

C.wise D.brave

14.A.along B.forward

C.back D.out

15.A.mistake B.loss

C.belief D.value

16.A.compared B.challenged

C.presented D.recognized

17.A.difficulty B.doubt

C.hesitation D.fear

18.A.although B.if

C.because D.until

19.A.promised B.warned

C.showed D.informed

20.A.discover B.conduct

C.judge D.admit

Ⅲ.语篇填空

(2020·全国Ⅲ)

In ancient China lived an artist 1.　　　　　　 paintings were almost lifelike.The artist’s reputation had made him proud.One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2.　　　　　(fine) work,so that he could choose the best.The artist was sure he would 3.　　　　　　　　　(choose),but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister,the old man laughed.The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world. 

Filled with 4.　　　　　　　(curious),the artist packed his bags and left.5.　　　　　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist,they smiled and 6.　　　　　　(point) down the river.The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7.　　　　　　(find) the well-known painter.As the small boat moved 8.　　　　　 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9.　　　　　　　　(surround) the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 10.　　　　　　earth,Mother Nature. 

Ⅳ.短文改错

(2020·广东深圳模拟)

One day when I was walking home,I had heard a noise behind me.It was a pretty dog,and he followed me home.Dad was surprised,saying she looked as the Smiths’ pet dog.Realizing she was very tired,I gave her a bath but kept her company until she felt comfortably.

A big surprise came next morning,when I found her with four little cute puppies!I was in great excite.Before long Dad led Mrs.Smithin,that thanked us for taking care of the dog.She asked whether I wanted to keep one of them—I was thrilling for the sudden joy!

考点规范练23(必修5　Unit3)

Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的科研项目HUNCH,鼓励学生开发创新思维,培养实际生活技能。

1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句提到的“来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面无法控制地生长,所以宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。”可知,在国际空间站,很难除掉细菌。

2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.”可知,该项目设计的目的是把教室和NASA的工程师们连接起来。分析选项可知,D项与该意思一致。

3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentittoNASA.’Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview...”可知,NASA的工程师们要亲自检查他们的成果。

4.B　标题归纳题。通读全文并结合文章的最后一句可知,戈登的学生每天都会给NASA的工程师发邮件,讨论这个问题,为太空测试准备一个可行的解决方案,故B项“太空:最后的作业前沿”作为文章的标题最合适。

Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个男孩儿解决冲突的故事。其中一个小男孩向作者求助,作者希望他能原谅犯错的男孩。

1.C　根据下文的“Thesetwoboys　　　methatcomingforwardwhenweneedhelpisimportant...”可知,男孩儿是在向作者求助。 

2.A　根据ontheInternet可推知,作者注意到了网上的情况。realize意为“认识到”,conclude意为“断定”,declare意为“宣布”,均不符合语境。

3.C　根据下文中的“Iaskedhimifheknewwhohaddoneit...”可知,那个男孩儿在网上发布照片,询问是否有人知道这是谁干的。

4.B　根据下文可知,男孩儿通过网络很快找到了始作俑者,因此作者认为男孩儿很聪明。

5.A　与下文的theboywhocamewithhim呼应可知,来了两个男孩儿。

6.C　与上文的“OneMondayevening,Ireceivedadirectmessagefromaboywhofoundameanmessageinhislocker.”可推知,男孩儿又收到(received)了一张便条。

7.D　根据下文的“Ijust　　　todosomethingtomakeupformy　　　.”可推知,对方写了一张便条以表达他真诚的道歉。 

8.A　根据“Itwasme.”可知,犯错的男孩儿回答了作者的问题。

9.D　根据语境可知,上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系。

10.B　根据上文的“...Iknowitwaswrongandnotatallkind.”可知,犯错的男孩儿希望用友好的语言来得到原谅。

11.A　根据语境可知,犯错的男孩儿想(wanted)做些事情去弥补自己的错误。

12.C　与上文的ameanmessage呼应可知,C项正确。

13.D　与下文的“Itoldhimhowcourageousitwasforhim...”呼应可知,作者认为承认错误的这个男孩儿很勇敢。

14.B　根据最后一段中两次出现的comingforward可推知,B项正确。

15.A　犯错的男孩儿想做些事去弥补自己的过错。

16.D　根据andcouldforgive可推知,作者希望求助的男孩儿也能够认可犯错男孩儿的这种勇气并原谅他。recognize意为“认可”,符合语境。

17.C　根据“Yes,definitely.”可推知,男孩儿毫不犹豫地做了回答。withouthesitation意为“毫不犹豫”。

18.B　根据语境可知,上下句表示逻辑上的条件关系,故用if引导条件状语从句。

19.C　根据语境可推知,两个男孩儿的行为向作者展示了一个道理。

20.D　由awrong并结合上文内容可推知,此处表示承认错误,故选D项。

Ⅲ.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生,有一天他将画送给宰相时,这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。

1.whose　考查定语从句的引导词。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词artist,且定语从句中缺少定语,故用whose引导。

2.finest　考查形容词最高级。结合空前出现的allgreatartists可知,这里表示“呈现出他们最好的作品”,故用形容词的最高级。

3.be chosen　考查动词的语态。would后需跟动词原形,主语he与谓语动词choose之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用bechosen。

4.curiosity　考查名词。with为介词,后面需要跟名词做宾语,filledwithcuriosity表示“充满好奇”之意。

5.When/As　考查状语从句。当他问漓江岸上的村民在哪里能找到这位传奇的艺术家时,他们微笑着指着河的下游。此处表示“当……的时候”,故用When/As。

6.pointed　考查动词的时态。根据空前的动词smiled可知,此处也应用一般过去时,表示当时的动作。

7.to find　考查非谓语动词。第二天早晨,他租了一条船,出发去寻找那位著名的画家。这里用tofind表示目的。

8.gently　考查副词。分析句子结构可知,这里需要用副词gently来修饰动词moved。

9.surrounding　考查非谓语动词。当他看到雾从漓江上升起,而山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。seesb./sth.doingsth.表示“看到某人/某物正在做某事”。

10.on　考查介词。onearth为固定搭配,意为“在世界上”。

Ⅳ.　　

One day when I was walking home,Ihad heard a noise behind me.It was a pretty dog,and followed me home.Dad was surprised,saying she looked the Smiths’ pet dog.Realizing she was very tired,I gave her a bath kept her company until she felt .

A big surprise came next morning,when I found her with four little cute puppies!I was in great .Before long Dad led Mrs.Smith in, thanked us for taking care of the .She asked whether I wanted to keep one of them—I was for the sudden joy!