新人教版高考英语一轮复习考点规范练4含解析

考点规范练4

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018·天津)

FirePreventionInformation

The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals.They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems,firealarms,and fire extinguishers(灭火器).They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls.Whenever you move to a new area,you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.

FireAlarms

The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors,smoke detectors and sprinklers.For your safety,never tamper with(胡乱摆弄) these systems.False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.

FireDrills

A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a fire drill,please do the following:

·Take your room key and ID,close and lock the door to your room.

·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit;do not use a lift.

·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.

FireExtinguishers

Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.

SmokeDetectors

A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:

·If your smoke detector is working properly,the red light should be on.If the red light is not blinking(闪动),contact residence hall staff immediately.

·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.

·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.

1.What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?

A.To provide part-time jobs for students.

B.To lead the students to the nearest exits.

C.To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.

D.To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.

2.What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?

A.Pipes and smoke detectors.

B.Smoke detectors and sprinklers.

C.Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.

D.Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.

3.In a fire drill,the students should 　　　. 

A.rush quickly to a lift

B.gather at the nearest exit

C.shut the door and leave at once

D.wait for instructions in the hall

4.What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?

A.Using them wrongly results in punishment.

B.Irresponsible use of them can damage them.

C.Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.

D.Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.

B

In storm-ravaged Santa Clarita,California,lastMarch,Margarito Martinez approached the Runner Road carefully.A small stream had flooded it.Martinez,driving a car,figured he’d be OK.A big mistake.

Halfway across,the rushing water grabbed hold of his vehicle,sweeping it off the road and washing it down the stream full of rocks.It finally stopped a good 80 feet away,when the water somehow lifted the car and landed it in the ground at a 45-degree angle,with the doors seriously damaged.Injured,shaken,and trapped inside with the muddy water rising quickly,Martinez was certain he was going to die.

On the road right behind Martinez were a party-rental delivery worker and his niece.They watched the horror unfold,and when Martinez’s car came to rest in the middle of the stream,the man leaped into action.First,he grabbed heavy-duty ropes from the back of his truck and secured Martinez’s car to nearby posts.Then he climbed atop the car and struck a rear window with his fists.Frustrated,he turned to his niece and yelled,“Give me a rock!”

Over and over he smashed the rock into the window,to no avail.“We were scared that something else was going to come down and take the car,takehim,take my uncle,” Krystina Reyes,27,told CBSLA.Her uncle had not publicly revealed his name. 

Reyes’s uncle shouted to Martinez to move away from the window.He braced(支撑) himself—the right foot on the spare tire and the left in the wheel well.He leaned back and threw the rock.Finally,the glass broke and the man kicked in the remaining pieces.Soon,a soaked Martinez came out through the window frame,and the men escaped to dry land.Martinez was saved by a determined,anonymous(不知姓名的) delivery driver.

5.What do we know about Martinez?

A.He always drove carefully.

B.He made the wrong judgement.

C.He was a very experienced driver.

D.He drove on overflowed road before.

6.Why was Martinez sure he was going to die?

A.His car was 80 feet from the bank.

B.His car was continuing floating on the water.

C.His car was in the ground at a 45-degree angle.

D.The doors were out of shape and couldn’t open.

7.Why did the delivery worker secure the car to nearby posts?

A.To prevent the car from being washed away.

B.To pull the car onto the bank with the truck.

C.To get the seriously damaged doors open.

D.To climb up to the top of the car easily.

8.What does the underlined phrase “to no avail” most probably mean?

A.With great effort.　　　　 B.In turn.

C.In vain.  D.In fear.

Ⅱ.七选五阅读

A volcano is a geological landform usually generated by the eruption through a vent of a planet’s surface,molten rock welling up from the planet’s interior.　1　 

A popular way of classifying volcanoes goes by their frequency of eruption.　2　 Those that have erupted in historical times but are now quiet called dormant(休眠的) and those that have not erupted in historical times called extinct. 

　3　 The lifespan of a volcano can vary from months to several million years,making such a distinction sometimes meaningless when compared to the lifespans of humans or even civilizations.Forexample,many of the Earth’s volcanoes have erupted dozens of times in the past few thousand years but are not currently showing signs of eruption.Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes,they are very active.　4　 

Scientists usually consider a volcano active if it is currently erupting or showing signs of unrest,such as unusual earthquake activity or significant new gas emissions.　5　 It is important to note that the span of recorded history differs from region to region.In the Mediterranean,recorded history reaches back more than 3,000 years but in the Pacific Northwest of the United States,it reaches back less than 300 years,and in Hawaii,little more than 200 years.The Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program’s definition of “active” is having erupted within the last 10,000 years. 

A.By our lifespans,however,they are not.

B.Those that erupt regularly called active.

C.One way of classifying volcanoes is by the type of material erupted.

D.Obviously,such eruptions tend to be destructive mainly in one direction.

E.Many scientists also consider a volcano active if it has erupted in historic times.

F.There is no real agreement among volcanologists on how to define an “active” volcano.

G.Volcanoes of various types are found on other planets and their moons as well as on the earth.

Ⅲ.书面表达

(2020·广东肇庆模拟)

假定你是李华,你们学校正在举行有关“垃圾分类(garbage sorting)”的英语演讲比赛。请写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:

1.垃圾分类的现状;

2.能做的事情。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Good morning,ladies and gentlemen!

I’m Li Hua.______________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

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考点规范练4(必修1　Unit4)

Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了阿德莱德大学的火灾预防信息、防火警报、火灾操练、灭火器以及烟雾探测器的情况。

1.C　细节理解题。文章第一段第二句是说“他们要检测和维护所有的喷水灭火装置系统、防火警报和灭火器”,所以和C项意思一致。故选C项。

2.B　细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句“Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers.”可知,自动火灾警报系统包括热量探测器、烟雾探测器和喷水灭火装置,和B项意思一致,故选B项。

3.C　细节理解题。文章第三部分FireDrills中提到“lockthedoortoyourroom”及Exitimmediately,所以与C项内容一致。故选C项。

4.A　细节理解题。文章第四部分FireExtinguishers的最后一句意为“错误使用灭火器将受到处罚”,与A项内容一致。故选A项。

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Martinez在驾车行驶的路上被洪水冲进了河里,非常绝望。危急关头,一位送货工和他的侄女不顾个人安危,出手相救,挽救了Martinez的生命。

5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Martinez,drivingacar,figuredhe’dbeOK.Abigmistake.”以及第二段的第一句可知,他做出了错误的判断。

6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“withthedoorsseriouslydamaged”可知,泥水正快速涌进车里,但车门损毁严重,打不开。故选D项。

7.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“First,hegrabbedheavy-dutyropesfromthebackofhistruckandsecuredMartinez’scartonearbyposts.”以及下文他把Martinez从车中救出来可知,他从卡车后面抓起重型绳索,把Martinez的车固定在附近的柱子上,其目的是防止车被冲走。

8.C　词义猜测题。根据画线单词前面的“overandover”以及最后一段中的“Heleanedbackandthrewtherock.Finally,theglassbrokeandthemankickedintheremainingpieces.”可知,该短语的意思是“没有用;徒劳”。故选C项。

Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了火山的三种类型:活火山、休眠火山和死火山,以及活火山的判断依据。

1.G　根据第二段中提到的火山的三种类型可知,所填的句子是引出下文的过渡句,G项符合语境。

2.B　根据下文的“Those....andthose...”可知,此处介绍的是火山的三种类型,所填的句子和后面的句子是并列关系。故选B项。

3.F　所填的句子起承上启下的作用。下文主要介绍的是活火山的判断依据。由此可推断F项符合语境。

4.A　设空处与上文的“Giventhelonglifespanofsuchvolcanoes,theyareveryactive.”形成对比。故选A项。

5.E　根据“Scientistsusuallyconsideravolcanoactive...”可定位到E项中的“Manyscientistsalsoconsideravolcanoactive...”。故选E项。

Ⅲ.

Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen! 

I’mLiHua.It’sagreathonorformetodelivermyspeechaboutgarbagesorting,ahottopicrecently. 

AsShanghaistartedmandatoryhouseholdsorting,moreandmorepeopleplayedanactivepartinit.Yettherealityseemsremotefromvision.Soasmiddleschoolstudents,wearesupposedtoraiseourawarenessandtakeaction.Asforhowwecanhelpinthedailylife,Ithink,therearethreeways.Firstly,athome,wecanhelpclassifythehouseholdgarbage,puttingdifferentkindsofgarbageintothetrashcansofdifferentcolors.Secondly,intheschool,wecanorganizesomeactivitiestoreusethematerialsintherecyclingtrashcan.Lastbutnotleast,wecanpublicizeitdirectlyinthecommunitiestocallonmorepeopletotakepartinit.

Thoughweareyoungandourpowerislimited,everyeffortwetakecounts!

Thankyou!