高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Into the wild课时作业

课时分层作业(十三)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

根据所给汉语意思或首字母提示写出下列单词。

1．As she turned back，a movement(移动物)across the lawn caught her eye.

2．The school was established in 1989 by an Italian professor(教授).

3．The house is more than twenty metres long and measures(量度为)six metres in width.

4．There must be a number of people in my position (情况；位置).

5．The size of the chicken pieces will determine the cooking time.

6．I do not have a simple solution to the drug problem.

7．Officials said there were no survivors of the plane crash.

8．Frogs eat pests which destroy crops and carry diseases.

9．If you do this，you'll almost meet your annual(年度的)goal.

10．This creature(生物)had the largest eyes in the whole animal kingdom.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

My sister Alice and I have been trying to get people to stop dropping cigarette butts (烟头)for seven years.One day，we were walking  in our  hometown and  saw  hundreds  of cigarette butts on the ground.They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts.We called it “No Butts About It”．

At first，we drew pictures with “The Earth is not your ashtray (烟灰缸)” written on them.We put the pictures around our hometown—in parks，by beaches，and along roads.We wanted to make people understand that dropping butts hurts the environment.Most smokers don't think that dropping butts hurts the Earth.But it does，and all rubbish does!

Later，we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us.We used the money to buy ashtrays to give smokers.We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn't have to drop butts.

At the moment，we are trying to get cigarette companies to put an ashtray in each pack of cigarettes.Some companies want to do it.Many people have started to join our group since it began.Today there are 45 other “No Butts About It” groups in America.

Now there are even groups in England，Australia，and India！Many newspapers have written about my sister and me over the last seven years.And we have won many prizes for what we do.But we are not interested in prizes.We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals，plants and people.

One day，it will be.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和姐姐两个人为了不让人们乱扔烟头而发起了一个组织。

1．What did the writer think about the cigarette butts in the first place?

A．They made the town smelly.

B．They made the town unhealthy.

C．They made the town dirty.

D．They made the town poor.

C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts.”可知，她们成立该组织的最初原因是烟头让城市变得非常难看，故选C。]

2．What does the writer do with the cigarette butts?

A．He gives ashtrays to the smokers.

B．He stops people buying cigarettes.

C．He picks up the cigarette butts.

D．He wins prizes for starting groups.

A　[细节理解题。根据第三段“Later，we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us.We used the money to buy ashtrays to give smokers.We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn't have to drop butts.”可知，作者找公司赞助买了烟灰缸给那些抽烟的人，故选A。]

3．From the passage，what can we know?

A．No companies wanted to give money to them.

B．The writer believes that the Earth will be a better and cleaner place.

C．There are only 45 “No Butts About It”．

D．The writer likes to be on newspapers and win prizes.

B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals，plants and people.”和最后一段“One day，it will be.”可以推测出，作者相信地球终有一天会变得更好、更干净，故选B。]

4．Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Save Our Town from Cigarette Butts

B．Buy Yourself an Ashtray

C．Cigarette Butts Also Destroy Other Countries

D．No Butts Prize

A　[标题归纳题。根据第一段中“They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts.We called it ‘No Butts About It’．”可知，本文主要讲述了作者和他的姐姐一直设法呼吁人们不要乱扔烟头，故选A。]

B

Parrots have been known to imitate  words，but  have  you  ever  thought  how  they communicate？The   sounds   they  make  may   sound meaningless to us，but new research has found that wild parrots are actually given names by their parents.

According to a study led by Karl Berg of Cornell University in the US，baby birds are given a unique sound of their own，which stays with them for their entire lives.

In the study，the team placed hidden cameras in the nests of 17 different wild parrots.After studying their sounds，the team identified slight differences in the calls parents used to communicate with each chick.And even before the baby birds had learned to communicate properly，the baby birds seemed to recognize and imitate their calls.

Sounds very similar to humans，doesn't it?

The study also proved that these signature calls are acquired socially not genetically.To do this，scientists switched the eggs in nine of the 17 nests，so that half of the parrots were raising baby birds that weren't theirs.Using the recordings，the scientists concluded the baby birds all used names similar to those the parents (whether biological or non­biological)called them for the first weeks of their lives.

Lucie McNeil，from National Geographic，said，“This would be the first proven example of a non­human species teaching acoustical(声学的)communication.”

Lead scientist for the study，Karl Berg told National Public Radio of the US，“Most people say，‘Well，all those calls are just noise’，but I think they're having conversations.”

Fox News also asked Berg what else the parrots might be saying？He replied，“The theory is that these birds are deciding where the food is，‘Do we want to go 3 km North­Northwest？’‘Do we want to go to that field？’ They are sort of arguing or discussing.”

Natural  science  author，Virginia  Morell，wrote，“Very gradually，scientists are learning to decode the conversations of very different animals that live lives rich with plans，quarrels，and romance.”

You never know，if the science of animal translation keeps advancing，we might one day be watching a reality series about parrots.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家对鹦鹉交流方式展开了研究，发现野生鹦鹉出生的时候父母就给它们起了名字。

5．What did the new research find about wild parrots?

A．They can talk by learning from people.

B．The sounds they make are meaningless.

C．They have names given by their parents.

D．They have a unique way of making sounds.

C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“but new research has found that wild parrots are actually given names by their parents”可知，新的研究发现，野生鹦鹉出生的时候父母就给它们起了名字。]

6．What does the study suggest?

A．Different parrots are called differently by their parents.

B．Baby parrots can tell who their biological parents are.

C．Baby parrots can mimic their biological parents' calls better.

D．Parrots are the most skilled animals in acoustical communication.

A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“After studying their sounds，the team identified slight differences in the calls parents used to communicate with each chick.”可知，在研究了它们的叫声后，研究小组发现，父母们与每只小鹦鹉交流时所用的叫声略有不同，也就是说对不同的小鹦鹉父母的叫法是不同的。]

7．Why did the scientists switch the eggs in the study?

A．To see whether the parents could recognize their own babies.

B．To see whether the parrots made the same sounds all their lives.

C．To see whether the signature calls were acquired socially or genetically.

D．To see whether biological and non­biological parents named babies differently.

C　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“Using the recordings，the scientists concluded the baby birds all used names similar to those the parents (whether biological or non­biological)called them for the first weeks of their lives.”可知，科学家在研究中调换了鹦鹉蛋是想看这些标志性的叫声是通过社交还是基因获得的。]

8．Which word can replace the underlined word “decode” in the last but one paragraph?

A．Imitate.　 B．Understand.

C．Practice.     D．Create.

B　[词义猜测题。根据上文“The theory is that these birds are deciding where the food is，‘Do we want to go 3 km North­Northwest？’‘Do we want to go to that field？’ They are sort of arguing or discussing.”可知，科学家是对鹦鹉的交流方式展开的研究，目的自然是破译动物之间的对话，由此可知画线词词义为“理解”。]

Ⅲ.阅读七选五

How to Grow Tomatoes in a Container

Anyone who has seen tomatoes growing in a garden knows that they tend to be huge plants.__1__ So the first thing to do when considering growing tomatoes in a pot is to find a suitable variety.

After you find the perfect plant，it is time to plant it.In general，plastic or fiberglass pots are best for growing tomatoes.They don't dry out quickly.While tomatoes love heat，they don't like being dry.__2__   Besides，tomatoes need to grow in a reasonably large pot.A pot must be 8 inches deep.That's the absolute minimum.A 12­or 16­inch pot is even better.

Any good quality organic potting soil works for tomatoes.Don't use soil dug directly from the garden.__3__   Compost­based soil，whether purchased (购买)or mixed from your special recipe，is nice.When planting the tomato，put some soil in the bottom of the pot and set the plant in.After you have the plant set at the proper level，fill in around it with soil.The soil should go up to about an inch below the rim of the pot to allow room for watering.

__4__The best way to tell when to water is to stick your finger into the soil—if the first two inches are dry，it's time to water.

The trickiest thing about growing tomatoes in a pot is that they are heavy feeders.Every time you water，you wash nutrients out of the soil.So fertilize(施肥)regularly.Once a month is good.But every other week，applying the fertilizer at half­strength is better.__5__

A．That's why clay pots are popular.

B．It is too heavy for container gardens.

C．Instead，use whatever soil you can get.

D．And dry soil can reduce fruit production.

E．This provides constant nutrients for the tomato plants.

F．They require people's much work to stay manageable.

G．Tomatoes don't like being dry，so water them regularly.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何在容器中种植西红柿。

1．F　[根据上文“Anyone who has seen tomatoes growing in a garden knows that they tend to be huge plants.”可知，任何看过在花园里生长的西红柿的人都知道它们往往是巨大的植物。根据下文“So the first thing to do when considering growing tomatoes  in a pot  is to find a suitable variety.”可知，考虑在花盆里种西红柿时，首先要做的是找到一个合适的品种，故F项(它们需要人们的大量工作来保持可控。)连接上下文文意。]

2．D　[根据上文“While tomatoes love heat，they don't like being dry.”可知，虽然西红柿喜欢热，但它们不喜欢干，故D项(干旱的土壤会减少果实的产量。)切题。]

3．B　[根据上文“Don't use soil dug directly from the garden.”可知，不要直接用从花园里挖的土，故B项(对于容器花园来说太重了。)切题。]

4．G　[根据下文“The best way to tell when to water is to stick your finger into the soil—if the first two inches are dry，it's time to water.”可知，判断什么时候浇水最好的方法是把你的手指伸进土里——如果头两英寸是干的，就该浇水了，故G项(西红柿不喜欢干，所以要经常浇水。)切题。]

5．E　[根据上文“But every other week，applying the fertilizer at half­strength is better.”可知，每隔一周，以半强度施肥效果更好，故E项(这为番茄植株提供了持续的营养。)切题。]