福建专用2022年高考英语一轮复习考点规范练9含解析新人教版

考点规范练9

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2021·新高考Ⅰ)

When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America,the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately,it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地).

In 1934,with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act),an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act,all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N.“Ding”Darling,a political cartoonist from Des Moines,Iowa,who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.

About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since 1934,better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.

1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?

A.Loss of wetlands.

B.Popularity of water sports.

C.Pollution of rivers.

D.Arrival of other wild animals.

2.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?

A.Acquire.　　　　　　B.Export.

C.Destroy. D.Distribute.

3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?

A.The stamp price has gone down.

B.The migratory birds have flown away.

C.The hunters have stopped hunting.

D.The government has collected money.

4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story

B.The National Wildlife Refuge System

C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl

D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting

Ⅱ.完形填空

In the wild,it often comes down to predator and prey(捕食者与猎物),the hunter and the hunted.Most animals want to stay 　1　.They have developed ways of adapting to 　2　habitats,and hiding or escaping from those who would like to 　3　them.So how do they do that? 

One very helpful adaptation is called camouflage(伪装).You may have been 　4　by an animal that was using camouflage in the past.It looked so similar to its surroundings that you nearly 　5　 seeing it at all.Itscolouring,markings,or other physical features resemble its 　6　so much that you can look directly at it without 　7　 it at first.This is often good enough to fool a predator that is scanning an area to look for 　8　.This helps prey to 　9　 from its predator.But did you know that it often works the other way around,too?Predators can use camouflage to 　10　 their prey.If a predator wants to eat a certain animal,and that animal cannot see it lying in 　11　,it can catch its prey 　12　,swallowing it before it even knows what is happening. 

Another popular adaptation is mimicry(拟态).Mimicry is when an animal has markings or other 　13　 characteristics that allow it to look like some other kind of animal or plant.If it can make its predators 　14　that it is something that preys on them,or would at least be difficult or 　15　 to catch,its predator will often go off in search of a(n) 　16　 target. 

Sometimes animals are able to 　17　 when their habitat changes because they adapt to the new conditions.Forexample,birds that were accustomed to nesting in tall 　18　 have survived industrialization of their habitat by learning to nest in the narrow openings of tall buildings.Raccoons(浣熊) easily adapt to residential areas that have 　19　 their woodland homes.They often help themselves to any food they can get,such as food in trash cans,or　20　 inside people’s homes! 

1.A.warm B.alive

C.active D.young

2.A.comfortable B.native

C.traditional D.severe

3.A.lose B.know

C.kill D.help

4.A.annoyed B.inspired

C.surprised D.disturbed

5.A.missed B.stopped

C.started D.forgot

6.A.trash B.parent

C.enemy D.habitat

7.A.feeling B.hearing

C.seeing D.smelling

8.A.brothers B.food

C.friends D.water

9.A.learn B.hide

C.steal D.benefit

10.A.amuse B.excite

C.confuse D.trap

11.A.turn B.delight

C.trouble D.wait

12.A.disagreeably B.regularly

C.unexpectedly D.doubtfully

13.A.physical B.social

C.chemical D.cultural

14.A.believe B.remember

C.prove D.accept

15.A.eager B.painful 

C.proud D.ashamed

16.A.bigger B.easier

C.lighter D.older

17.A.recover B.relax

C.assess D.survive

18.A.trees B.poles

C.towers D.boards

19.A.picked up B.put up

C.taken up D.given up

20.A.still B.also

C.even D.just

Ⅲ.语篇填空

Each week New York-based hairstylist Mark Bustos tries to make a small difference in people’s lives 1.　　　　　　giving haircuts to homeless people.

During the week,Mark works in his high-class salon,but each Sunday,he walks around the city asking people 2.　　　　　　 they’d like a haircut.He then gives them a stylish haircut—3.　　　　　　 same kind he would give to any paying customer,except these are done for free for those who are homeless or cannot afford a haircut 4.　　　　　　(them).

Mark’s work began in 2012 when visiting family in the Philippines.Instead of just 5.　　　　　　(take) a typical,relaxingvacation,he decided to give poor local children haircuts.“I felt so happy doing it that I’ve continued since returning,”Mark explains. 

Changing someone’s appearance can have a huge impact on their life.Remember the homeless retired soldier who received a make-over?He found a job,6.　　　　　　(rent) a house and quit drinking alcohol afterwards.7.　　　　　　(simple) changing how a person looks can give them a huge increase in 8.　　　　　　　　(confident). 

Mark Bustos proves that there are many ways 9.　　　　　　(give),and that you can easily use your 10.　　　　　　　(person) abilities to make a difference in somebody’s life. 

考点规范练9(必修2　Unit4)

Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鸭票产生的背景及其社会影响。

1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,北美水禽数量减少的一个原因是它们赖以生存的湿地大量流失。故选A项。

2.C　词义猜测题。根据句首的“Unfortunately”一词以及下文出现的werekilled和weredried等信息可推断,该词的大意为“毁坏,破坏”。故选C项。

3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知,1934年通过的这项法案让政府筹集到了大量的资金,可以用于购买水禽的栖息地。故选D项。

4.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知,为了保护北美的水禽,美国在1934年发行了鸭票。出售鸭票的收入被用来购买水禽的栖息地,并取得重大成效。A项最具概括性。故选A项。

Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了动物们在大自然中用不同方式适应环境、努力生存的现象。

1.B　由上文的thehunterandthehunted及下文的hidingorescapingfrom可推断,大多数动物想要“活着(alive)”。

2.D　由上文的havedevelopedwaysofadapting可推断,动物们用各种方法适应“恶劣的(severe)”自然环境。

3.C　动物们总是逃避想要“杀死(kill)”它们的天敌。

4.C　由下文的“...thatwasusingcamouflageinthepast.Itlookedsosimilartoitssurroundings...”可推断,或许有一只伪装在与其看起来很像的环境中的动物曾“使你感到惊讶(surprised)”。

5.A　由上文的“Itlookedsosimilartoitssurroundings...”可知,伪装的动物与其所处的环境很相似,以至于你差点“没有(missed)”看到它。

6.D

7.C　伪装的动物的外表和其所处的“栖息地(habitat)”如此相似以至于你可能盯着它(所处的位置)却没能一开始就“看到(seeing)”它。

8.B　伪装可以欺骗正在寻找“食物(food)”的捕食者。

9.B　伪装可以帮助猎物“躲避(hide)”它的捕食者。

10.D　由上文的“...itoftenworkstheotherwayaround...”可知,不光猎物会通过伪装躲避捕食者,捕食者也会通过伪装给猎物“设陷阱(trap)”。

11.D　动物无法发现正在伪装、“埋伏着等待(lieinwait)”的捕食者。

12.C　正在伪装的捕食者因为不易被发现,所以可以“出乎意料地(unexpectedly)”抓住它的猎物。

13.A　由下文的“...allowittolooklikesomeotherkindofanimalorplant.”可知,拟态是指一些动物的斑纹或其他“身体(physical)”特征使其看起来像其他的动物或植物。

14.A　由下文的itspredatorwilloftengooff可推断,拟态的动物会尽力使它的捕食者“认为(believe)”它是有危险性的。

15.B　由上文的“...preysonthem,orwouldatleastbedifficult...”可知,拟态的动物会使其捕食者认为抓它至少是“棘手的(painful)”事情。

16.B　捕食者常常避开拟态的动物,去寻找“较容易的(easier)”目标。

17.D　由下文的“...theyadapttothenewconditions.”可推断,有时动物能通过适应新的环境,在变化中的栖息地中“幸存下来(survive)”。

18.A　由下文的“...havesurvivedindustrializationoftheirhabitat...”可推断,鸟类过去习惯于在高大的“树木(trees)”上筑巢。

19.C　浣熊很容易地适应了“占据了(takenup)”它们林地家园的居民区。

20.C　浣熊会吃它们能得到的任何食物,比如垃圾桶里的,或者“甚至(even)”是人们家里的。

Ⅲ.【解题导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了发型师马克·布斯托斯通过给无家可归的人理发来改变他们的外貌,从而使他们增加自信心、努力改变生活的故事。

1.by　考查介词。根据语境可知,这位发型师通过给无家可归的人理发,试图给他们的生活带来小小的变化。by+动词-ing意为“通过……”,做方式状语。故填by。

2.whether/if　考查宾语从句。根据语境可知,工作日马克在高级美发厅上班,每个周日就在市区到处走走,问人们是否需要理发。whether/if引导宾语从句,意为“是否”。故填whether/if。

3.the　考查冠词。thesame意为“同样的”,为固定用法。故填定冠词the。

4.themselves　考查代词。根据语境可知,此处指自己负担不起理发费用的人,因此应用所给词的反身代词。故填themselves。

5.taking　考查非谓语动词。insteadof意为“而不是”,其后接动词-ing形式,做“of”的宾语。故填taking。

6.rented　考查动词的时态。根据“and”连接并列成分可知,此处应与其他两个谓语动词“found”和“quit”时态一致,应用一般过去时。故填rented。

7.Simply　考查词性转换。空格处修饰分词短语“changinghowapersonlooks”,应用副词。故填Simply。注意首字母大写。

8.confidence　考查词性转换。此处指改变发型能让他们信心大增。介词“in”后应接名词形式。故填confidence。

9.togive　考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式做manyways的后置定语。故填togive。

10.personal　考查词性转换。此处修饰名词abilities,应用所给词的形容词形式做定语。故填personal。