第15讲 选择性必修二暑期模拟测试（二）-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）

这是一份第15讲 选择性必修二暑期模拟测试（二）-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册），文件包含第14讲选择性必修二暑期模拟测试二解析版-暑假自学课2022年新高二英语暑假精品课译林版2020选择性必修第二册docx、第14讲选择性必修二暑期模拟测试二原卷版-暑假自学课2022年新高二英语暑假精品课译林版2020选择性必修第二册docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。
阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Darrell Blatchley，a marine bilgist and envirnmentalist based in the Philippine city f Dava，received a call frm the Philippine，Bureau f Fisheries and Aquatic Resurces(渔业与水产资源局) early Friday mrning reprting a death f a yung whale.
When the necrpsy(尸检) was perfrmed，Blatchley tld NPR，he was nt prepared fr the amunt f plastic they fund in the whale’s stmach.“It was full f plastic nthing but nnstp plastic，” he said.“It was filled t the pint that its stmach was as hard as a baseball.That means that this animal has been suffering nt fr days r weeks but fr mnths r even a year r mre，” Blatchley added.
Blatchley is the funder and wner f the D’Bne Cllectr Museum，a natural histry museum in Dava.In the cming days，the museum will display all the items fund in the whale’s system.Blatchley and his team wrk with the Bureau f Fisheries and Aquatic Resurces and ther rganizatins t assist in rescue and recvery f marine animals.
“Within the last 10 years，we have recvered 61 whales and dlphins just within the Dava Gulf，” he said.“Of them,57 have died due t man whether they tk plastic r fishing nets r ther waste，r gtten caught in pllutin—and fur were pregnant.”
Blatchley said he hped that the latest incident wuld launch the issue f plastic pllutin in the Philippines and acrss the glbe.“If we keep ging this way，it will be mre uncmmn t see an animal die f natural causes than it is t see an animal die f plastic，” he said.
1. What can be inferred frm the secnd paragraph?
A. The whale was starved t death.
B. Blatchley was shcked at what he fund.
C. The dead whale must have swallwed a baseball.
D. Blatchley didn’t make preparatins fr the necrpsy.
2. What will be shwn in the D’Bne Cllectr Museum?
A. Waste cllected frm the cean.
B. The whle system f the whale.
C. Things fund in the whale’s bdy.
D. Many different tls f whaling.
3. What is the best title fr the text?
A. A Whale Fund Dead f Plastic
B. Stand Up fr Prtecting Whales
C. Plastic Threatening Our Existence
D. Natural Death r Merciless Murder
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在菲律宾一只鲸鱼被发现因吞食了大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧。
1.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中When the necrpsy(尸检) was perfrmed，Blatchley tld NPR，he was nt prepared fr the amunt f plastic they fund in the whale’s stmach.“It was full f plastic nthing but nnstp plastic，” he said. 在进行尸检时，他对鲸鱼胃中发现的塑料数量感到措手不及。“里面全是塑料，除了不停的塑料什么都没有，”他说。可知，Blatchley在鲸鱼的胃里发现了大量的塑料，他对此毫无准备，这是他意想不到的，因此Blatchley对他的发现感到震惊。故选B项
2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中In the cming days，the museum will display all the items fund in the whale’s system. 在接下来的几天里，博物馆将展示在鲸鱼体内发现的所有物品。可知，在鲸鱼体内发现的东西将在这座自然博物馆中展出。故选C项
3.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段Darrell Blatchley，a marine bilgist and envirnmentalist based in the Philippine city f Dava，received a call frm the Philippine，Bureau f Fisheries and Aquatic Resurces(渔业与水产资源局) early Friday mrning reprting a death f a yung whale和第二段中he was nt prepared fr the amunt f plastic they fund in the whale’s stmach.“It was full f plastic nthing but nnstp plastic，” he said. 以及最后一段中If we keep ging this way，it will be mre uncmmn t see an animal die f natural causes than it is t see an animal die f plastic，” he said. 他说:“如果我们继续这样做，动物死于自然原因将比死于塑料制品更加罕见。”可知，本文主要讲述了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧，因此本文的最佳标题是选项A“一只被发现死于吞食塑料的鲸鱼”。故选A项。
B
A rbt called Bina48 has successfully taken a curse in the philsphy f lve at Ntre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in Califrnia.
Accrding t curse instructr William Barry assciate prfessr at NDNU, Bina48 is the wrld's first scially advanced rbt t cmplete a cllege curse, an achievement he described as “remarkable." The rbt tk part in class discussins, gave a presentatin with a student partner and participated in a debate with students frm anther institutin.
Befre becming a student, Bina48 speared as a guest speaks in Barry's classes fr several years. One day when addressing Barry's class, Bina48 expressed a desire t g t cllege, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supprted. Rather than enrll Bina48 in his Rbt Ethics: Philsphy f Emerging Technlgies curse^ Barry suggested that Bina48 shuld take his curse Philsphy f Lve instead. Lve is a cncept Bina48 desn't understand, said Barry Therefre the challenge wuld be fr Barry and his students t teach Bina48 what lve is.
"Sme interesting things happened in the class," said Barry. He said that his students thught it wuld be straightfrward t teach Bina48 abut lve, which, after all, is "fairly simple — it's a feeling," said Barry. But the reality was different. Bina48 ended up learning "31 different versins f lve," said Barry, highlighting sme f the challenges humans may face when wrking with artificial intelligence in future.
Bina48 participated in class discussins via Skype and als tk part in a class debate abut lve and cnflict with, students frm West Pint. Bina48's cntributin t the debate was filmed and psted n YuTube. It was judged that Bma48 and NDNU classmates were the winners f this debate.
In the next decade, Barry hpes Bina48 might becme cmplex enugh t teach a class, thugh he says he fresees rbts being used t better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructrs cmpletely。
1. What was Bina48's perfrmance like in class?
A. Unattractive.B. Impractical.
C. Unbelievable.D. Extrardinary.
2. What des the underlined wrd "addressing" in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Giving a speech t.B. Cnsulting with.
C. Dealing with.D. Sending a letter t.
3. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. It was impssible fr Bina48 t learn abut lve.
B. It was quite difficult fr Bina48 t learn abut lve,
C. Humans can launch, a challenge t artificial intelligence.
D. Artificial intelligence may smehw be superir t man.
4. What des Barry think f the future develpment f Bina48?
A. It will surely be able t serve as a teacher.
B. It will cmpletely take the place f instructrs.
C. It will be able t prmte learning and teaching.
D. It will be smart enugh t cntrl human beings.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人Bina48成功地完成爱的哲学这门课程。Bina48在未来有望能够促进学习和教学。
1.D【解析】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段“Bina48 is the wrld’s first scially advanced rbt t cmplete a cllege curse, a feat he described as “remarkable.” The rbt tk part in class discussins, gave a presentatin with a student partner and participated in a debate with students frm anther institutin.”Bina48是世界上第一个完成大学课程的社交高级机器人，他称之为”非凡”机器人，参加了课堂讨论，与学生搭档做了演讲，并参加了与其他机构学生的辩论。可知，Bina48在课堂上参与讨论，与伙伴一起做报告，参与辩论，被描绘成为“卓越的”。因此推断出它的表现是非凡的。A. Unattractive. 不吸引人注意的；B. Impractical.不切实际的；C.Unbelievable 难以置信的；D.Extrardinary非凡的，故选D。
2.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Befre becming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes fr several years.”在成为一名学生之前，Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任客座演讲者好几年。可以推断出他经常进行演讲，故划线句句意是：一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时，他表达了想要上大学的愿望，Barry和他的学生热情地支持他的这个愿望。故划线 词词义与A项“进行演讲”意义相近，故选A。
3.D【解析】推理判断题。结合第四段中“Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versins f lve,” said Barry, highlighting sme f the challenges humans may face when wrking with artificial intelligence in future.”可知，Bina48最终学习了31种不同版本的爱，强调了人类未来可能会面临人工智能的挑战。因此可以推断出，人工智能可能在某种程度上优于人类，故选D。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the next decade, Barry hpes Bina48 might becme cmplex enugh t teach a class, thugh he says he fresees rbts being used t better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructrs cmpletely”可知Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂，可以教授课程，他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习体验，而不是完全取代教师。因此推断出他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学，故选C。
C
"Hpe has prved a pwerful predictr f utcme in every study we've dne s far," said Dr. Snyder, a psychlgist.
In research with 3,920 cllege students, Dr. Snyder fund that the level f hpe amng freshmen at the beginning f their first term was a mre accurate predictr f their cllege grades than were their scres r their grade pint averages in high schl. "Students with high hpe set themselves higher gals and knw hw t wrk t attain them," Dr. Snyder said. "When yu cmpare students with equal learning ability and past schl achievements, what sets them apart is hpe."
In seeking a way t assess hpe scientifically, Dr. Snyder went beynd the usual belief that hpe is merely the sense that everything will turn ut all right. "This idea is nt cncrete enugh; it fails t clarify tw key cmpnents f hpe," Dr. Snyder said.
"Having hpe means believing yu have bth the will and the way t accmplish yur gals, whatever they may be."
Despite the wisdm in the ld saying "where there's a will there's a way," Dr. Snyder has fund that the tw are nt necessarily cnnected. In a study f peple frm 18 t 70 years ld, Dr. Snyder discvered: nly abut 40% f peple are hpeful in the technical sense f believing they typically have the energy and means t accmplish their gals; abut 20% f the peple believed in their ability t find the means t attain their gals, but said they had little will t d s; anther 20% have the ppsite pattern, saying they had the energy t mtivate themselves but little cnfidence that they wuld find the means; the rest had little hpe at all, reprting that they typically had neither the will nr the way.
"It's nt enugh just t have the wish fr smething," said Dr. Snyder. "Yu need the means, t. On the ther hand, all the skills t slve a prblem wn't help withut the willpwer t d it."
1. What des Dr. Snyder think can best predict a freshman's academic perfrmance?
A. His scres.B. His high schl grades.
C. His level f hpe.D. His family backgrund.
2. The underlined wrd "cncrete" in the third paragraph prbably means ________.
A. clearB. pureC. universalD. ppular
3. What did Dr. Synder say abut the ld saying "where there's will there's a way"?
A. It is quite realistic.B. It is nt inspiring t students.
C. It is ttally wrng.D. It is nt always true in reality.
4. What can be the mst suitable title fr the passage?
A. N pains, n gains.B. Hpe emerges as key t success.
C. Will gets it ging.D. Where there's a will there's a way.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述成功的关键是“希望”。
1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中Dr. Snyder fund that the level f hpe amng freshmen at the beginning f their first term was a mre accurate predictr f their cllege grades than were their scres r their grade pint averages in high schl.可知，Dr. Snyder认为他的希望程度能最好地预测新生的学习成绩。故选C。
2.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中In seeking a way t assess hpe scientifically, Dr. Snyder went beynd the usual belief that hpe is merely the sense that everything will turn ut all right.（在寻求一种科学评估希望的方法时，Dr. Snyder超越了通常的信念，即希望只是一种感觉，一切都会好起来。）再根据下句中的it fails t clarify tw key cmpnents f hpe（它没有阐明希望的两个关键组成部分），由此推知“这个想法不够具体”，划线词意思是“清楚的，明显的”。故选A。
3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段Despite the wisdm in the ld saying "where there's a will there's a way," Dr. Snyder has fund that the tw are nt necessarily cnnected.可知，对于“有志者事竟成”这句老话，Dr. Synder认为在现实中并不总是这样，两者之间无必然的联系。故选D。
4.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段"Hpe has prved a pwerful predictr f utcme in every study we've dne s far,"和下文对希望作用的分析可知，文章主要讲述成功的关键是“希望”。所以B项为最佳主题。
D
The cnnectin between peple and plants has lng been the subject f scientific research. Recent studies have fund psitive effects. A study cnducted in Yungstwn，Ohi，fr example, discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther，emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse，even unusual functins. These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they’re shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater. ＂We’re thinking abut hw we can engineer plants t replace functins f the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Stran, a prfessr f chemical engineering at MIT.
One f his latest prjects has been t make plants glw(发光)in experiments using sme cmmn vegetables. Stran’s team fund that they culd create a faint light fr three-and-a-half hurs. The light，abut ne-thusandth f the amunt needed t read by，is just a start. The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn trees int self-pwered street lamps.
In the future，the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are als trying t develp an n and ff＂switch＂where the glw wuld fade when expsed t daylight.
Lighting accunts fr abut 7% f the ttal electricity cnsumed in the US. Since lighting is ften far remved frm the pwer surce(电源)-such as the distance frm a pwer plant t street lamps n a remte highway-a lt f energy is lst during transmissin(传输).Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. A new study f different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Emplyees frm varius wrkplaces.
D. Benefits frm green plants.
2. What is the functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A. T detect plants’ lack f water
B. T change cmpsitins f plants
C. T make the life f plants lnger.
D. T test chemicals in plants.
3. What can we expect f the glwing plants in the future?
A. They will speed up energy prductin.
B. They may transmit electricity t the hme.
C. They might help reduce energy cnsumptin.
D. They culd take the place f pwer plants.
4. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Can we grw mre glwing plants?
B. Hw d we live with glwing plants?
C. Culd glwing plants replace lamps?
D. Hw are glwing plants made pllutin-free?
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物。文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。
1.D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study cnducted in Yungstwn, Ohi, fr example ,discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther, emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一段的主旨是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中These include plants that have sensrs printed n their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater.可知这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。
3. C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.可知发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。
4.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Lighting accunts fr abut 7%f the ttal electricity cnsumed in the US. Since lighting is ften far remved frm the pwer surce-such as the distance frm a pwer plant t street lamps n a remte highway-a lt f energy is lst during transmissin. Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.可知照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知，C选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
七选五（每小题2.5分，共5小题，满分12.5分）
"Pst-truth"was chsen by Oxfrd Dictinaries as the Wrd f the Year 2016. Indeed, digital misinfrmatin is n the rise and it is hard fr peple t distinguish. ___1__
Befre the dawn f the Internet, Canadians regularly turned t trusting their preferred news¬papers r radi statins fr the latest news. ___2___ It’s nw cming at yu frm s many different surces that yu need t take respnsibility fr what yu’re seeing.
Experts recmmend relying n a range f surces instead f just ne, but lking int them first. __3__ Fr example, the peple cnnected, where they’re based, and their intentin. A lack f infrmatin is certainly a warning.
Next, learning t recgnize misinfnnatin is imprtant. False news spreads mstly thrugh scial media. S if yu’re lking at news n Facebk, yu have t handle it in a wiser way.___4___ Is it frm a well-infrmed relative r a friend wh regularly expresses extreme views? And whatever yu d, nly by clicking thrugh can yu see whether the infrmatin is accurate.
__5___ It has n limits in achieving that gal, s it plays n feelings and uses imprper lan¬guage. Therefre, if yu feel excited t share smething immediately, that’s the time yu shuld stp and ask, "Is it accurate?"If we all take that extra little pause, we’ll be able t stp this false thing frm spreading.
A. Surces that are reliable tell yu abut themselves.
B. Frtunately, there are sme simple ways t tell facts frm fictin.
C. Cnsider wh’s sharing it if it’s nt psted directly frm the surce.
D. Tday 42% f them use scial media at least nce a day t get their news.
E. Smene sets up "Ht Glbal News" , hping the ad dllars wuld pur in.
F. False news is designed t seek attentin in rder t sell ads r make an idea public.
G. Evaluating surces and getting reliable news is imprtant in the age f misinfrmatin.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。目前数字错误信息正在上升，人们很难辨别。文章介绍了一些简单的方法可以区分事实和虚构。
1.B【解析】上文提示“事实上，数字错误信息正在上升，人们很难辨别。”承接上文，B项Frtunately, there are sme simple ways t tell facts frm fictin.（幸运的是，有一些简单的方法可以区分事实和虚构。）切题。故选B。
2.D【解析】上文提示“在互联网出现之前，加拿大人经常从他们喜欢的报纸或广播电台寻求最新消息。”承接上文，D项Tday 42% f them use scial media at least nce a day t get their news.（如今，42%的人每天至少使用一次社交媒体来获取新闻。）切题。故选D。
3.A【解析】上文提示“专家建议，要依靠一系列的信息来源，而不是单一的信息来源，但要先研究它们。”承接上文，A项Surces that are reliable tell yu abut themselves.（可靠的消息来源会告诉你他们的情况。）切题。故选A。
4.C【解析】下文提示“是来自一个消息灵通的亲戚还是一个经常表达极端观点的朋友?”承接下文，C项Cnsider wh’s sharing it if it’s nt psted directly frm the surce.（如果不是直接从来源发布的，考虑一下谁在分享它。）切题。故选C。
5.F【解析】下文提示“它在实现这一目标方面没有限制，因此它玩弄感情，使用不恰当的语言。”承接下文，F项False news is designed t seek attentin in rder t sell ads r make an idea public.（假新闻的目的是为了吸引人们的注意，以便销售广告或使一种观点公之于众。）切题。故选F。
完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Nugat and Clarence became best friends almst as sn as Nugat mved int the retirement hme. Nugat likes t rest his head n the back f Clarence as ften as he gets the ___1___. The dgs live at Vintage Pet Rescue, a nn-prfit rganizatin that ___2___ elder animals frm lcal shelters (收容所) that are ___3___ t find a new hme. The rganizatin aims t give dgs a cmfrtable, lving envirnment at the ___4___ f their lives.
Kristen Peralta, the funder f Vintage Pet Rescue, takes care f 27 mstly senir dgs. While she and her husband have unfficially been ___5___ lder dgs fr sme time, Peralta turned her passin int a full-time jb in 2017.
In sme ways, elder dgs may be less ___6___ t care fr because they prefer sitting still than little nes. But their futures aren’t always s ___7___. There are many rganizatins, like Peralta’s, ___8___ n rescuing elderly pets and giving them prtectin utside f animal shelters, in part because senir dgs in shelters have a(n) ___9___ rate f just 25 percent, while yunger dgs have a 60 percent rate.
A life spent ___10___ tw dzen lder dgs can be very busy. Peralta ___11___ vet appintments at least nce a week, gives ut individual medicatins and des a lt f bathing and petting. But the wrk is rewarding, and she thinks it’s helping t shw mre and mre peple are beginning t ___12___ just hw special senir dgs are. “Yu can just tell hw much they ___13___ it when they’re helped in truble,” Peralta said. “They’re ___14___ that they’re with yu and yu lve them. It’s s special t knw that yu saved a dg’s life and that yu’re ging t make a ___15___t the rest f its life.”
1. A. ideaB. mercyC. chanceD. pint
2. A. takes inB. takes alngC. takes ffD. takes ver
3. A. cmmittedB. unlikelyC. luckyD. familiar
4. A. beginningB. bttmC. edgeD. end
5. A. surrundingB. rescuingC. invitingD. cntributing
6. A. efficientB. riskyC. difficultD. valuable
7. A. reliableB. negativeC. differentD. bright
8. A. succeedingB. insistingC. resultingD. specializing
9. A. deathB. adaptatinC. survivalD. crime
10. A. lking afterB. bringing inC. relying nD. tying with
11. A. adjustsB. impressesC. schedulesD. indicates
12. A. adptB. agreeC. explreD. realize
13. A. appreciateB. cnsumeC. cmfrtD. supprt
14. A. hpefulB. surprisedC. srrwfulD. dubtful
15. A. decisinB. livingC. frtuneD. difference
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个名为“Vintage Pet Rescue”的非盈利组织，从当地的收容所接收那些不太可能找到新家的老年动物，目的是在狗生命的最后一刻，给它们一个舒适、充满爱的环境。并介绍了创始人Kristen Peralta对于照顾老年狗这一行为的一些看法。
1.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nugat喜欢一有机会就把头靠在Clarence的背上。A. idea想法；B. mercy仁慈；C. chance机会；D. pint关键点。上文提到Nugat和Clarence是好朋友，所以Nugat喜欢一有机会就把头靠在Clarence的背上。get the chance“得到机会”。故选C。
2.A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些狗住在Vintage Pet Rescue，这是一个非盈利组织，从当地的收容所接收那些不太可能找到新家的老年动物。A. takes in接收，理解；B. takes alng随身携带；C. takes ff起飞；D. takes ver接管。根据后文“elder animals frm lcal shelters”可知Vintage Pet Rescue从当地的收容所接收老年动物。故选A。
3B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些狗住在Vintage Pet Rescue，这是一个非盈利组织，从当地的收容所接收那些不太可能找到新家的老年动物。A. cmmitted坚定的；B. unlikely不太可能的；C. lucky幸运的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“t find a new hme”结合常识可知老年动物因为年龄大了，不太可能找到新家。故选B。
4.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织的目的是在狗生命的最后一刻，给它们一个舒适、充满爱的环境。A. beginning开始；B. bttm底部；C. edge边缘；D. end结束。上文提到接收的都是老年动物，即在这些老年动物生命的最后一刻，给它们一个舒适、充满爱的环境。at the end f“在……结束时”。故选D。
5.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然佩拉尔塔和丈夫非正式地救助老年狗已有一段时间了，但在2017年，佩拉尔塔把这份热情变成了一份全职工作。A. surrunding围绕；B. rescuing救助；C. inviting邀请；D. cntributing贡献。根据上文“takes care f 27 mstly senir dgs”可知佩拉尔塔和丈夫都在救助老年狗。后文“rescuing elderly pets”也是提示。故选B。
6.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些方面，比起年幼的狗，老年狗可能比较容易照顾，因为它们喜欢坐着不动。A. efficient有效率的；B. risky冒险的；C. difficult困难的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“because they prefer sitting still”可知照顾老年狗不会那么困难。故选C。
7.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们的未来并不总是那么光明。A. reliable可靠的；B. negative消极的；C. different不同的；D. bright明亮的。上文中their指的是老年狗，老年狗因为快要走到生命的尽头，所以他们的未来并不总是那么光明。故选D。
8.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像佩拉尔塔这样的许多组织坚持救助老年宠物，并在动物收容所之外给予它们保护，部分原因是收容所中的老年狗存活率只有25%，而年轻的狗存活率为60%。A. succeeding成功；B. insisting坚持；C. resulting导致；D. specializing使专门化。根据后文“n rescuing elderly pets”可知此处为短语insist n表示“许多组织坚持救助老年狗”。故选B。
9.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：像佩拉尔塔这样的许多组织坚持救助老年宠物，并在动物收容所之外给予它们保护，部分原因是收容所中的老年狗存活率只有25%，而年轻的狗存活率为60%。A. death死亡；B. adaptatin改编；C. survival存活，幸存；D. crime犯罪。根据后文“rate f just 25 percent, while yunger dgs have a 60 percent rate”可知此处是在说明收容所中，老年狗存活率只有25%，而年轻的狗存活率为60%。故选C。
10.A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：照顾20多只老年狗的生活可能会非常忙碌。A. lking after照顾；B. bringing in引进；C. relying n依赖；D. tying with玩弄。根据第二段中“Kristen Peralta, the funder f Vintage Pet Rescue, takes care f 27 mstly senir dgs.”可知此处指照顾老年狗。故选A。
11.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩拉尔塔每周至少安排一次兽医预约，给狗分发药物，并进行的沐浴和爱抚。A. adjusts调整；B. impresses使印象深刻；C. schedules安排；D. indicates表明。根据后文“vet appintments”可知此处指佩拉尔塔每周给老年狗们至少安排一次兽医预约。故选C。
12.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这项工作是有意义的，她认为这有助于表明，越来越多的人开始意识到老年狗是多么的特别。A. adpt采取；B. agree同意；C. explre探索；D. realize意识到。结合后文“just hw special senir dgs are”可知越来越多的人开始意识到老年狗是多么的特别。故选D。
13.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩拉尔塔说：“你可以看得出，当他们遇到困难时得到帮助时，他们是多么感激。”A. appreciate感激；B. cnsume消耗；C. cmfrt安慰；D. supprt支持。上文they指的是老年狗，他们遇到困难时得到了帮助，会非常感激。故选A。
14.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们希望和你在一起，你爱他们。A. hpeful有希望的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. srrwful悲伤的；D. dubtful怀疑的。根据后文“they’re with yu and yu lve them”可知老年狗希望能和帮助自己的人在一起，故选A。
15.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道你救了一只狗的命，而且你将对它的余生产生影响，这真是太特别了。A. decisin决定；B. living生计；C. frtune财富；D. difference差异。结合前后文语境“yu’re ging t make a …t the rest f its life”可知此处表示“有影响”短语为make a difference。故选D。
语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Austrian authr Peter Handke cllected the 2019 Nbel Prize in Literature while the 2018 award, which __1____(pstpne)last year, went t Plish authr Olga Tkarczuk.
Handke “has established himself as ne f the mst ___2____(influence)writers in Eurpe after the Secnd Wrld War”. His wrks are filled with a strng desire ____3___(discver)and make his discveries cme t life by finding new literary expressins fr them, the Swedish Academy said. He ____4___(write)many nvels in the past decades, like Shrt Letter, Lng Farewell, __5____ a yung Austrian writer travels acrss the United States in search f his wife. This nvel is ___6___(general)cnsidered as ne f Handke’s typical cnfusing wrks.
Tkarczuk became ___7____ winner f the 2018 award “fr a narrative（叙事的）imaginatin that with encyclpedic（博学的）passin represents the crssing f ____8___(bundary)as a frm f life”. Her first wrk came ut in 1993, and ____9____ was believed that her third nvel Primeval and Other Times marked her majr breakthrugh. In 2018, she was awarded the Man Bker Internatinal Prize fr her nvel Flights, ____10____(becme)the first Plish writer t d s.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2019年诺贝尔文学奖得主奥地利作家彼得·汉德克的在文学方面的成就。
1. was pstpned 【解析】考查动词时态语态。分析句子可知，which引导定语从句，which指代the 2018 award，是第三人称单数，pstpne是从句中的谓语动词，与主语是被动关系，根据last year可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，综上，故填was pstpned。
2. influential【解析】考查形容词。句意：汉德克“在二战后的欧洲成为最有影响力的作家之一”。 修饰名词writers用形容词，故填influential。
3. t discver 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，discver作定语，修饰desire，desire后接不定式作定语，故填t discver。
4. has written 【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语in the past decades可知，表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has written。
5. where 【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，__5____ a yung Austrian writer travels acrss the United States in search f his wife是定语从句，先行词是Lng Farewell，从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。
6. generally 【解析】考查副词。修饰谓语动词is cnsidered as用副词作状语，故填generally。
7. the【解析】考查冠词。此处特指2018年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者。故填the。
8. bundaries 【解析】考查名词单复数。 bundary是可数名词,其前没有限定词所以这里应用其复数形式。故填bundaries。
9. it【解析】考查形式主语。此处是It+be+过去分词+that句型,其中it是形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语。可用在此句型中的过去分词还有said，reprted, acknwledged, knwn等。故填it。
10. becming【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词因此空处应填非语动词作状语。此处表示自然而然的结果,因此应该用现在分词。故填becming。
写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华，最近收到好友Lucy的邮件，告诉你她寒假想来你的家乡旅游。请你给她回一封邮件，内容包括：
(1) 表示欢迎；
(2) 介绍一下你的家乡并推荐一处旅游景点。
注意：(1) 词数80左右；
(2) 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Lucy,
I’m s glad t receive yur email and knw yu’re cming t my hmetwn in the winter vacatin.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hpe this is helpful. I lk frward t seeing yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Lucy,
I’m s glad t receive yur email and knw yu’re cming t my hmetwn in the winter vacatin.
Yu are welcme t my hmetwn, Xuzhu. I’d like t ffer yu sme infrmatin t make yur jurney enjyable.
Xuzhu, lcated in the nrth f Jiangsu Prvince, is a beautiful city with a lng histry. In recent years, it has taken n a new lk. There are many places f interest here, amng which Yunlng Muntain Scenic Spt is a must-see place. Yunlng Muntain is cvered with green trees thrughut the year, and at its ft lies Yunlng Lake, surrunded by varieties f flwers and differently-shaped trees, impressing visitrs with its beauty frever, attracting millins f visitrs frm hme and abrad each year.
I hpe this is helpful. I lk frward t seeing yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分20分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Claytn was a lvely healthy kid with a lve f learning-until he started having epilepsy(癫痫) at the age f fur. His disease was finally cntrlled,but the treatment had sme unpleasant side effects including aggressive behavir, lack f attentin and hands shaking.
Befre Claytn started kindergarten, my daughter Jill spke with his teacher, Ms. Bnnie, abut the prblems my grandsn faced. Ms. Bnnie prmised t let her knw hw he behaved. And whenever Claytn behaved well. she wuld reward him with a certificate(证书 )
Surprisingly, after the first day f schl ，Claytn smiled and handed his mm a certificate that said, "Claytn had a great day. "He brught hme three awards that first week, but then suddenly stpped. His teacher explained that Claytn refused t stay at his desk and had truble even in writing his name.
Then Ms. Bnnie gave Claytn fitted glves t help with his hlding the pen. At first, Claytn was excited but later he refused t use the aids because he wanted t be just like the ther kids. My heart was brken and I was a little disappinted at Claytn's perfrmance.
Since Jill lived next dr, she wuld drp Claytn ff at my huse everyday. While prepared him an after-sch- snack ne day, asked if there was certificate in his backpack frm his teacher. He shk his head and said, "Grandma, Ms. Bnnie wuldn't give me a certificate. But I think I have tried t perfrm well in her class."I tld him, "It is kay as lng as yu tried yur best.”
Ms. Bnnie tried t help Claytn stay n his task. She made cards describing eyes, ears and a chair t remind him t fcus, listen and stay seated. Whenever he misbehaved, she held up ne f the cards. As an added encuragement, placed an empty picture frame(画框) n my wall and prmised him that I'd frame his next certificate and that I'd teach him t dance.
As usual, Jill's car stpped in my driveway.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
I rushed utside as Claytn jumped ut f his mther's car.

But ne day, Claytn didn't stp by.

【答案】
I rushed utside as Claytn jumped ut f his mther's car. He was smiling and hiding his hands behind his back. He shwed his certificate t me and said, "Here, Grandma, did it fr yu. It read, "Claytn had a pretty gd day."I tk his little hands and turned him arund and arund as we did ur "Happy Feet Dance" mves. A wide smile appeared n his face as he watched me carefully place the certificate in the picture frame. Jy fully, in the fllwing days, Claytn cntinued bringing me his certificates.
But ne day, Claytn didn't stp by. Jill called later, saying Claytn didn't get his certificate and was in tears. When he picked up the phne, I cmfrted him, "Hney, I dn't expect an award every day. Besides, I'm running ut f frames.”Nw, Claytn has grwn up. He has achieved many awards. Every time dust the frames presenting Claytn's kindergarten certificates, my heart dances fr jy. knw my grandsn is ding better.
【解析】本文讲述了作者通过给外孙装裱证书来鼓励他成长的故事。根据短文可知,为了配合老师鼓励外孙,作者在墙上挂了一个空画框。如果外孙再取得证书,她会给证书装上画框，并教他跳舞。这个办法可以鼓励外孙在学校表现得更好吗？根据续写的第一段首句可知,外孙从他母亲的车里跳了出来,作者迎了上去,外孙会取得证书吗？作者会怎样鼓励外孙?根据续写第二段首句可知,外孙突然不来作者家了,发生了什么事情?作者给证书装画框的办法奏效吗?