（新高考）2023版高考英语一轮总复习 Unit 4 natural disasters课件 新人教版必修第一册

这是一份（新高考）2023版高考英语一轮总复习 Unit 4 natural disasters课件 新人教版必修第一册，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课前自主预习，课堂考点突破，课后巩固运用，单词巧练，旱灾久旱　，使滑行滑动　，直升机　，避难处居所庇护　，保护掩蔽　，躲避风雨或危险　等内容，欢迎下载使用。

disaster　rescue　damage　destry　affect　
ruin　trap　bury　effrt　supply　aid　crash　
sweep　wave　summary　
(尤指西大西洋的)飓风　
percentage　
electrical　
breathless　
are destrying　
be affected　
be delivered　
联想积累：1．表示“灾难”的名词①typhn台风②dwnpur暴雨③tsunami海啸④fld洪水⑤trnad龙卷风
⑥hurricane飓风⑦landslide山体滑坡⑧avalanche雪崩⑨drught干旱⑩famine饥荒
2．表示“吃惊”的单词①alarm使惊恐②surprise使惊奇③astnish(使)惊讶④amaze使吃惊⑤astund使惊骇；使震惊
3．常见以-fy结尾的动词①certify证明；保证②identify识别；鉴定③simplify简化④mdify修改，修饰⑤beautify使美化，使变美⑥qualify限制；使具有资格
refer t　think abut　set up　as usual　as if　cme t an end　in ruins　
the number f　nthing but　in shck　dig ut　lk up　suffer frm...　wake up　put up　
in the pen air　n hand　mre than　sweep away　stand at　
Think abut　
the number f　
suffered frm　
联想积累：1．“in＋名词”短语面面观①in danger 处于危险之中②in pain 处于痛苦中③in truble 处于困境中④in debt 负债⑤in dubt 不能肯定的⑥in relief 如释重负
2．as短语荟萃①as many as 多达②as lng as 只要③as well as 也，和，和……一样④as far as I knw 据我所知⑤as sn as一……就……⑥as usual照例，像平常一样
us astnished　
assciated with　
as many as　
1．damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损害；损失
Which buildings were damaged in Seul？(P48)首尔哪些建筑被毁？
(1)cause/d damage t＝damage(v.)伤害，损伤(2)damage ne’s health损害某人的健康
单句语法填空①After he retired，the ld man did all he culd t prtect the ld temple frm ______________ (damage)．②The accident caused sme damage ____ my car, but it’s nthing serius.
being damaged　
一句多译众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。③As we all knw, smking can _____________________________ (damage n．)④It is well knwn that smking can _________________.(damage vt.)
d/cause damage t ur health　
damage ur health　
2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
82 killed,500,000 affected(P49)82人丧生，50万人受影响
(1)be deeply affected by 被……深深打动be affected with 感染……疾病(2)affectin n．喜爱have an affectin fr 喜欢……
“被深深地感动”的表达：be deeply mved；be deeply tuched；be deeply affected
①__________ (affect) with a serius disease, he was n lnger able t speak clearly and he knew there was n hpe f recvery.②I have much ___________(affect) fr my mum, whse wrds and actins have a psitive effect n me.
句式升级③Many yung peple were affected by his stry．They began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled.→ ____________________，many yung peple began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled.(分词作状语)
Affected by his stry　
3．ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏
In less than ne minute，a large city lay in ruins.(P50)不到一分钟，一座大城市化为了废墟。
(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟be reduced t ruins沦为废墟(2)ruin neself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin ne’s health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
单句语法填空①A number f high buildings have arisen where there was nthing three years ag but _______ (ruin)．②When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd ____ruins.
一句多译他犯了个错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。③He made a mistake, ______________________ f ging abrad.(定语从句)④He made a mistake, __________________ f ging abrad.(分词作状语)
which ruined his chance　
ruining his chance　
4．shck n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
Peple were in shck—and then，later that afternn，anther big quake shk Tangshan again.(P50)人们惊呆了——接着，在那天下午晚些时候，另一场大地震再次震撼了唐山。
(1)a great shck t sb.对某人来说是极大的震惊in shck 震惊；吃惊(2)shcked adj.震惊的；惊讶的be shcked at/by 对……吃惊be shcked t d sth.吃惊地做某事(3)shcking adj.令人震惊的
electric shck 触电；电休克cultural shck 文化冲突shck 表示“吃惊；震惊；令人震惊的事情”时是可数名词，表示“(身心受到的)打击；震惊”和“休克”时是不可数名词。
单句语法填空①Everyne in the street was _________(shck) when they heard the news.②_________ (shck) by the explsin, peple ran abut in the street.③His nt passing the final exam was ___great shck t his parents.④I was shcked ________(hear) that ur factry wuld have t clse.
完成句子⑤他们在过去的几年里取得了惊人的成就，令许多人震惊。They have made amazing achievements in the past few years, __________ many peple.
5．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
Sn after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.(P50)地震发生后不久，军队派出15万名士兵到唐山挖掘被困人员并埋葬死者。
(1)trap sb. int (ding)...诱使某人(做)……be trapped in...困在……中，陷在……中(2)set a trap设置陷阱/布下圈套fall int a trap落入圈套
单句语法填空①There was a pwer failure；as a result, they _____________(trap) in the lift.②They set ___ trap fr him and he walked right int it.③The stream has frzen up; yu can see the fish trapped ____ the ice.
were trapped　
6．bury vt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使专心
表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：be devted t；be lst in；be engaged in；be absrbed in；fcus/cncentrate n
单句语法填空①(天津高考书面表达)Thugh ________(bury) in bks these days, I have still jined several student clubs in rder t imprve myself.②He sank int a chair, _________(bury) his face in his hands.③She sat n the grund, ________(bury) in thught.
一句多译他埋头看书，不知道外面正在下雨。(bury)④Because he _____________________________ his bks，he didn’t knw it was raining utside.⑤ __________________________，he was nt aware it was raining utside.(现在分词短语作状语)
buried himself in/was buried in　
Burying himself in his bks　
7．breathe vi．& vt．呼吸
Slwly, the city began t breathe again.(P50)慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
(1)breathe in吸气breathe ut 呼气breathe deeply 深呼吸(2)breath n．呼吸；气息take a deep breath 深呼吸ut f breath 喘不过气hld ne’s breath 屏住呼吸catch ne’s breath 喘气；歇口气(3)breathless adj．喘不过气来；目瞪口呆的
单句语法填空①The air in this city is s dirty that it is difficult __________ (breath)．②We were ut ____ breath when we gt t the tp f the hill.③Hw lng can a persn hld his ________ (breathe) under water depends n hw healthy he is.④The by tk ___ deep breath and dived int the water.
8．effrt n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city’s peple，a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins．(P50)在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一个崭新的唐山在地震废墟上崛起。
with effrt 费力地spare n effrt t d sth.不遗余力做某事make an effrt/effrts t d sth. 努力做某事
单句语法填空①What’s the pint，in yur pinin，f helping him if he desn’t make an effrt ________(help) himself?②Yu ught t have a will and spare n effrt ___________(achieve) yur target.
一句多译我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。③We’ll _____________________ yu, but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties．(best)④We’ll ____________________ yu, but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.(effrt)⑤We’ll _____________________ yu，but yu must get prepared t meet all kinds f difficulties.(effrt)
try/d ur best t help　
make an effrt t help　
spare n effrt t help　
9．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
Sme were fund alive，thugh they were suffering frm terrible injuries, but thers had already stpped breathing when they were discvered.(P51)有些人被发现时还活着，虽然他们受了重伤，但其他人被发现时已经停止了呼吸。
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏suffer frm 受……折磨；患……病(2)suffering n．痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事sufferer n．受难者；患病者
单句语法填空①Amng bese children，abut 30 percent als suffer ______ high levels f bld sugar and fat.②The ld man is said t have gne thrugh varieties f ___________ (suffer) during the war.③Shrtly after ___________ (suffer) frm a massive earthquake and being reduced t ruins, the city tk n a new lk.
句式升级④Jhn has suffered frm lung cancer fr many years．He has decided t give up smking.→_________________________________________，Jhn has decided t give up smking.(现在分词短语作状语)
Having suffered frm lung cancer fr many years　
10．supply n．[pl.]补给品；供应(量)；补给vt.供应；供给
The supplies which were prvided t the disaster area were cllected frm arund the cuntry.(P52)向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。
(1)a supply f……的供应；一批in shrt supply供应不足supply and demand供求关系(2)supply sb. with sth./supply sth. t sb.供应某人某物
supply作名词，表示“补给品”时，要用复数形式，即supplies。
单句语法填空①They used the mney __________ (supply) the schl with new textbks.②Whenever she ges ut with her baby，she always takes ___ large supply f baby fd with her.③Fd __________(supply) in the fld-stricken area are running ut.
一句多译政府在地震发生后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。④The gvernment has __________ plenty f fd and clthes ____ the lcal peple since the earthquake ccurred.⑤The gvernment has __________the lcal peple ______ plenty f fd and clthes since the earthquake ccurred.
11．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
She’s feeding the baby wh survived the earthquake.(P52)她正在给地震中幸存的婴儿喂食。
(1)survive sth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来survive n依靠……生存下来survive frm...从……存活下来；流传下来A survive B(by...)A比B活得长……(2)survivr n．幸存者(3)survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
survive 表示“幸存；幸免于”时为及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不用再加介词in或frm。
单句语法填空①(2019·江苏卷)After all, nt everyne has realized that wildlife has thughts, feelings, and mst imprtantly, equal rights ___________ (survive)．②Nne f these seems t have much chance f __________ (survive)．③As far as I knw, the ld lady survived her husband ____ 5 years.
句式升级④After she had survived that night, she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.→_________________________，she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right．(分词作状语)
Having survived that night　
12．strike n．& vi．(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；罢工；突然想到；打动，迷住；(钟)敲 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
The undersea quake struck arund 7:00 a.m., Sunday ff the west cast f Indnesia’s Sumatra Island.星期天早上7点左右，印尼苏门答腊岛西海岸发生海底地震。(P54)
(1)be struck with/by 为……所袭击(感动)It strikes sb. that.．某人突然想到…… ne’s heart 使……刻骨铭心(2)be n strike 在罢工g n strike 举行罢工(3) striker n．罢工者；前锋
单句语法填空①The cal miners decided t g ____ strike fr better wrking cnditins.②It struck me ______ everyne was unusually silent.③I was stricken ____ his inspiring wrds.④An apple fell ff the tree and struck him n _____ head.
写出下列句中strike的含义⑤The clck struck twelve when I gt hme last night．________⑥A terrible earthquake did strike the nrtheast f Japan n March 11．______⑦A gd idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper．__________⑧The visitrs were struck by the beauty f the West Lake．____________
13．effect n．影响；结果；效果
The film had quite an effect n her.这部影片对她影响极大。
(1) take effect 生效；见效cme int effect 生效have an effect/influence/impact/n/upn 对……产生影响put effect 实施；使……生效/起作用in effect 事实上；实际上be f n effect 没有效果的；没有影响的side effect 副作用cause and effect 因果(2)effective adj．有效的；有影响的(3)affect vt．影响
1．asif似乎；好像；仿佛
It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end！(P50)仿佛世界末日即将来临！
(1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。(2)as if从句用虚拟语气：①从句用一般过去时；be动词用were(与现在的事实相反)；②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)；③从句用wuld/culd/might d形式(与将来的事实相反)。(3)as if从句可用省略形式，后面通常接不定式、分词、形容词或介词短语。
单句语法填空①The kids were very friendly with her and even lked up t her as if she ______ (be) their wn mther.②When he saw his mther at the street crner, the by cried sadly as if he ________________ (scld) by smene else.③He pened his muth as if _______ (say) smething imprtant.
had been sclded　
句式升级④The ld man was lying n the grund as if he was badly hurt.→The ld man was lying n the grund as if ___________.(状语从句的省略)
badly hurt　
2．was 正要做某事，突然(就在这时)……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.(P54)我正和三个孩子吃早饭，这时水开始灌进了我家里。
when为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and then/and at that time
单句语法填空①I ______________ (wnder) whether t participate when my English teacher came by，telling me that it was a gd chance t display my talent.②She pened her eyes with a start and was abut t cry ut ______ she heard her father urgently telling her t keep quiet.③The prfessr had just finished his speech when students ________ (rush) ut f the classrm.
was wndering　
完成句子④约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了一声尖叫。Jhn _____________ in his rm when he heard a scream.⑤我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。I was ______________giving up when my best friend encuraged me t g n.(6)她刚刚做完作业，妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。She _________________her hmewrk when her mther asked her t practise playing the pian.
was studying　
n the pint f　
had just finished　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．______ the aid f ur English teacher，we have made great prgress this term.2．As is knwn t all，a strng and __________ (pwer) China will certainly benefit the whle wrld.3．Heavy flds ________(strike) the Suth last week，causing great damage t the lcal peple.4．Several days later mst f the buildings which had been _________(damage) were repaired.
5．It is a pity that the 500-year-ld wden twer ______________ (destry) in the fire last year.6．Their inventins have cntributed t the develpment f ____________(electricity) engineering.7．In his life he set an example f bravery and ________(wise) t thers.8．Six mnths after ___________(suffer) ur defeat n the spring practice field，we wn ur first game.
was destryed　
9．The gvernment has declared a state f ___________(emergent) fllwing the earthquake.10．She heard the wind ___________(whistle) thrugh the trees and the hwl f a distant wlf.
Ⅱ.完成句子1．他讲起英语来好像他是个美国人。(as if)He speaks English _____________________________.2．他妻子去世的消息使他大为震惊。(shck)The news f his wife’s death was _____________________.3．被认为，这场风暴造成多达4人死亡。(as many as)The strm is thught t be respnsible fr ____________________.
as if/thugh he were an American　
a terrible shck t him　
as many as fur deaths　
4．我站在那里，等着他。(现在分词作状语)I std there, _______________.5．他们到得太晚了，没能赶上第一班车。()They gt there ________________ the first bus.6．我正沿着河边走，突然听到了一个男孩的呼救声。(be )I _____________________________ I heard a by crying fr help.
waiting fr him　
t late t catch　
was walking alng the river when　
Ⅲ.教材与语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。At 3:42 a.m., everything began t shake．It seemed as if the wrld came t 1．____ end! Eleven kilmetres directly belw the city, ne f the 2．__________ (great)earthquakes f the 20th century had begun．It was felt in Beijing, 3．_______ is mre than 150 kilmetres away．One third f the natin felt it．
A huge crack that was eight kilmetres lng and thirty metres wide 4．_____ (cut)acrss huses, rads, and canals．Steam burst frm hles in the grund．Hard hills f rck became rivers f dirt．In fifteen terrible secnds a large city lay 5．____ ruins．The suffering f the peple was extreme．Tw 6．________(three) f them died r were injured during the earthquake．Thusands f families were killed and many children were left withut parents．
The number f peple wh were killed r 7．___________ (serius) injured reached mre than 400,000.150, 000 sldiers were sent t Tangshan t help the rescue wrkers．They rganized teams 8．_______ (dig) ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead．Wrkers built shelters fr 9．_________ (survive) whse hmes 10．_________________ (destry)．Slwly，the city began t breathe again.
had been destryed　
Ⅳ.单元主题与高考写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文2008年四川汶川地震是一次致命性的地震，发生在2008年5月12日。在附近地区以及北京和上海都有震感，那里的写字楼有轻微摇晃。这是自1976年唐山大地震以来对中国最致命的地震，也是21世纪最致命的地震。
It is knwn that Wenchuan was hit by a severe earthquake n May 12,2008. After the earthquake，everywhere we lked，we 1．______________________(发现一切都变成了废墟). 2．____________ (似乎) the wrld were cming t an end.Hwever，nt all hpe was destryed.
fund everything in ruins　
It seemed as if