专题14 短文改错-2023年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（通用版）

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专题14 短文改错（真题练）
2022全国乙卷
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 —— 骑自行车的益处
【语篇导读】作者介绍了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。
1.【答案】greatly → great
【解析】考查形容词。句意: 我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好运动。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
2.【答案】 lives → live
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。
3.【答案】在because后加of
【解析】考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅运动和锻炼的结合。because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because of表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。
4.【答案】Whether → If 或Whether → When
【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。
5.【答案】they → you
【解析】考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。
6.【答案】cause → causing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
7.【答案】去掉have后的been
【解析】考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
8.【答案】what → which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。
9.【答案】were → are
【解析】考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
10.【答案】bicycle → bicycles
【解析】考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。

2022全国甲卷
My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school. He showed me how his medical instruments was used. I felt so closely to him. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it. One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations. With the efforts made by all sides, we began to understand each other better.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者在成长过程中和父亲之间关系的变化及处理分歧的过程。
【详解】1.【答案】去掉my
【解析】考查短语。句意：当我不上学时，我的爸爸经常带我去他的医院。off school为固定短语，表示“不在上学时”，school前面不加任何限定词。故将my去掉。
2.【答案】was→were
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。主语instruments为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。故将was改为were。
3.【答案】closely→close
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我对他感觉如此亲近。felt为系动词，后面用形容词作表语，表示“亲近的”，closely为副词，此处用close。故将closely改为close。
4.【答案】become→became
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：然而，在我上了高中之后，不知怎么的，我开始疏远他。全文用一般过去时，动词become应改为过去式became。故将become改为became。
5.【答案】talk前面加to
【解析】考查短语。句意：我不愿意和他交谈，经常违反他让我不要在外面待到很晚的规定。be willing to do意思为：愿意做，为固定短语。故在talk前面加to。
6.【答案】stay→staying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。of为介词，后面的动词stay用动名词形式staying作宾语。故将stay改为staying。
7.【答案】too→so
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这分歧如此尖锐，以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型“so…that…”译为“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。故将too改为so。
8.【答案】what→how
【解析】考查副词。句意同上。此处为“疑问副词+不定式”结构来做动词knew的宾语。结合句意，此处表达“如何解决它”，settle it为动宾关系，此处缺少方式状语，用how。故将what改为how。
9.【答案】or→and
【解析】考查并列连词。句意：一天，他和我交谈，并且希望修补我们的关系。根据语境，“talked with me”与“hoped to mend our relations”为顺承、递进关系，用and连接。故将or改为and。
10.【答案】all→both
【解析】考查限定词。句意：在两方的努力下，我们开始更好地理解对方。结合语境可知，此处表示作者和父亲双方，用both修饰sides，表示两方，all用于三者及以上。故将all改为both。

2021全国一卷
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
【答案】1. dish→dishes
2. tidying→tidy
3. whatever→whenever
4. doing前加from
5. was→is
6. 去掉are
7. most→more
8. mentally→mental
9. our→my
10. hopes→hope
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对于做家务这件事的看法以及做家务会带来的好处。
【详解】1. 考查名词单复数。句意：饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。固定短语“do the dishes”译为“洗餐具”。故将dish改为dishes。
2. 考查动词。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知，此处tidy up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water the flowers”可知，句子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I，谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。
3. 考查连词。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。根据句意可知，此处表达“有必要时我也会打扫自己的卧室”，所以用whenever(无论何时)引导让步状语从句。故将whatever改为whenever。
4. 考查介词。句意：在我看来，学生可以从做家务中受益很多。固定短语“benefit......from...... ”译为“从……中获益”。故在doing前加from。
5. 考查时态。句意：首先，做家务有助于我们成为一个负责任的人。根据全文时态可知，本文陈述客观事实需要用一般现在时。主语doing housework为单数，谓语也用单数。故将was改为is。
6. 考查动词。句意：同时，这也给了我们的父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情，改善了家庭关系。根据句意可知，此处表达“去做他们喜欢的事情”，动词like译为“喜欢”满足句意；所以动词like前的系动词are多余。故删去are。
7. 考查固定搭配。句意：此外，做家务可以是一种从学习中获得精神放松的方式。固定短语“what’s more”译为“此外”。故将most改为more。
8. 考查形容词。句意：同时，这也给了我们的父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情，改善了家庭关系。修饰名词relaxation(放松)需要用形容词。故将mentally改为mental。
9. 考查人称代词。句意：这是我对家务的看法。根据全文内容以及句意可知，此处表达“这是我对家务的看法”。故将our改为my。
10. 考查祈使句。句意：希望这能激发更多关于这个话题的思考！分析句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，所以动词hope需要用动词原形。故将hopes改为hope。

2020全国一卷
Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove， I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. ＂Not that way，＂ my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didn’t tum out as I had wished.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者做西红柿炒鸡蛋的过程。
【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。
3.考查情态动词用法。句意：并且我认为它一定很简单。must是情态动词，后接动词原形，to多余，故将to去掉。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。
5.考查连词。句意：首先我把西红柿切成块，并把它们放在一边。I cut the tomatoes into pieces与put them aside之间是并列关系，应使用and连接，故将but改为and。
6.考查名词复数。句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。
7.考查介词。句意：之后我把油倒进一个平底锅，然后开火。根据I poured oil into a pan及常识可知，把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子，所以此处应使用短语turn on，故将off改为n。
8.考查连词。句意：我耐心等待，直到油烧热。此处是指“直到”油烧热，应使用until/till引导时间状语从句，故将unless改为until/till。
9.考查冠词。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前the。
10.考查代词。句意：“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我，但是失败了。根据上文可知，是作者一个人做菜，此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”，应使用第一人称单数的宾格，故将us改为me。

2019全国一卷
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.
【答案】interesting→interested
where→when
football前面加上a
but→and
hardly→hard
surprising→surprise
player→players
say→saying
now→then
去掉my
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了由于一次偶然的经历，自己喜欢上了踢足球。从此成了一名优秀球员。
【详解】1. 考查形容词用法。“interest（使感兴趣；使关注）”的形容词有interesting（使人感兴趣的）常修饰物；与interested（表现出兴趣的）常修饰人。本句的意思为：多亏一个偶然的事件，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。主语是I，故将interesting改为interested。
2. 考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。
3. 考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a。
4. 考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
5. 考查副词。“hard（努力地；费力地）”与“hardly（几乎不；几乎没有）”都为副词，但是词义不同。本句意思为：我挡住足球，并使劲地将它踢回操场。故将hardly改为hard。
6. 考查固定搭配。“to one’s + 名词”在句中表示结果，“to one’s surprise”意思为“使某人惊讶的是…”。故将surprising改为surprise。
7. 考查名词的数。“player（运动员）”为可数名词，所以all（所有的）后需要用player的复数形式。故将player改为players。
8. 考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。
9. 考查固定搭配。句意：从那时开始，我放学后跟同学一起踢足球。且“from now on（从现在开始）”后边句子应该表示从现在开始所发生动作或存在的情况，不能用一般过去时。此处后面是一般过去时，表示“从那时起”是from then on，故将now改为then。
10. 考查固定搭配。“踢足球”的英语表达为“play football”，中间不能加冠词或者代词。故将my去掉。

2018全国一卷
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond, which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
【分析】本文讲述乡下祖父母家发生的变化，生活越来越好，我感到幸福，打算每一年回老家一次．
【解答】During my last winter holiday, I went to∧ countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond ∧which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every years, but he agreed．
1．to后面加the．考查冠词．名词countryside前边要加the，这里是特指乡下．
2．find改成found．考查时态．根据时间是去年寒假，所以用过去时．
3．another改成other．考查形容词．根据句意； 他们和狗，鸭子，以及其他的动物，another是形容词"其他的"．
4．here改成there．考查副词．祖父母在乡下，所以应该是去那里．
5．chicken改成chickens．考查名词的数．chicken作为"鸡"讲是可数名词．所以用复数形式．
6．加in which或者where．考查定语从句，先行词为pond，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where或in which引导．
7．sell改成selling．考查动名词，介词by后跟动名词作宾语．
8．happily改成happy．考查形容词，作felt的表语，用形容词．
9．去掉return后面的for，every two years每两年，为固定搭配，不加for．
10．but改成and．考查连词，前后句子是并列关系，所以用and连接．

2017全国一卷
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
【分析】本文主要讲述作者第一次学开车的经历．由于紧张，弄不清左右，好在几分钟后，驾驶教练要作者停车，作者才轻松下来，但停在了路中间．
【解答】In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard∧first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
【详解】
1．eighteen改为eighteenth 考查数词．此处应是第十八个生日，用序数词．
2．how hard后加the或my 考查冠词或代词．序数词前用定冠词the．或我学车的第一天，用形容词性物主代词．
3．so改为but/yet 考查连词．前后两个单句表示转折关系，用连词but/yet．
4．goes改为went 考查动词时态． 全文讲述的是已发生的事情，用一般过去时．
5．word改为words 考查名词复数．word的基本意思是"单词"，指语言中能独立存在的最小表意单位，也可指"（说的）话，话语，言语，谈话"等，是可数名词，此时要用复数形式．
6．Turning改为Turn 考查祈使句．“Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turn left!”这些属于祈使句，要用动词原形．
7．去掉much 考查固定搭配．so…that…意为"如此/这么…以致于…"，句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句．已有副词so，much是多余的，要去掉．
8．late改为later 考查副词．later用于一段具体时间之后，表示从过去或将来算起的多长时间以后，但通常不指从现在算起的多久以后．
9．suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词．stop是名词，要用形容词修饰．
10．on改为of 考查介词．in the middle of意为"正在…当中； 在…的中部"，是固定搭配．

2016全国一卷
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.
【分析】改错题要注意代词，连词以及词性、人称的转化．
做好短文改错题，可以从以下三方面去考虑：1．快速阅读短文，如抓住中心思想，从整体上对短文有个了解． 2．充分运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类选择、词的搭配、习惯用法出发，进行分析判断，尽快找出错误在何处． 3．重视整体和语境，从上下文关系中找出表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词或词组，判断是递进关系还是转折关系，是因果关系还是让步关系．
【解答】
71．that→where My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live．此处缺少宾语，表示地点——靠近我住的地方，要用where，不用that．
72．but去掉 考查连词，though表示虽然，在英文中，不与but连用，只用though即可，因而去掉but．
73．had→have 全段主要时态为一般现在时，是对一般情况的描述，had to 改为have to．
74．honest→honesty 关键句the key to his Success is honest（他成功的关键是诚实），诚实为名词形式，故改为honesty．
75．or→and 考查连词，此处没有选择关系，应用and，意为"每天都要保证用新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油"．
76．using→used 这里是表示"被用来"，为被动语态，应用used．
77．becoming前加of dream是不及物动词，后要加介词of，表示"梦想什么"．
78．the→a 这里是泛指"短时间内"，应是in a short period of time．
79．our→his 名词所有格使用错误．饭店为他所有，应是his．
80．steady→steadily grow是动词，表示增长，应用副词修饰，故用steadily．

2015全国一卷
When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we’ll live to regret it.
【分析】改错题要注意代词，连词以及词性、人称的转化．
做好短文改错题，可以从以下三方面去考虑：1．快速阅读短文，如抓住中心思想，从整体上对短文有个了解． 2．充分运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类选择、词的搭配、习惯用法出发，进行分析判断，尽快找出错误在何处． 3．重视整体和语境，从上下文关系中找出表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词或词组，判断是递进关系还是转折关系，是因果关系还是让步关系．
【解答】
1．think→thought 我认为在那儿很快乐．时态用法错误．这里用一般过去时，表示"过去认为"．
2．in后面加冠词the in the countryside为常用短语，意为"在乡村，在农村，在乡下"，因此名词countryside之前应该添加冠词the．
3．or→and 根据语境"空气干净，并且山是绿的"可知，并列连词or使用错误，应改为and．
4．on→with with the development of为介词短语，意为"随着…的发展"，故文中的介词on使用错误，应改为with．
5．have been shown→have shown 该句的主语Lots of studies是动作的发出者，因此句子应使用主动语态，需要删除been．句意：许多研究表明．主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态．解析：考查语态．此处表示"研究表明"，所以用主动语态．
6．seriously→serious 名词problem之前应使用形容词作定语，故副词seriously错误，应改为形容词serious．句意：全球变暖已经成为严重的问题．
7．airs→air 考查名词的数．air为物质名词，"空气"是不可数名词，不能用复数形式．
8．Much→Many 修饰可数名词复数animals应用many，因此句中的Much应改为Many．句意：许多罕见的动物已经消失．
9．found→find 根据常识可知，情态动词must之后应该接动词原形，故found改为find．
10．your→our/the 根据主语we和上下文语境可知，形容词性物主代词your使用错误，应改为our，也可改为定冠词the（environment在此处表示特指）．
2014全国一卷
Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden. Since then --- for all these year --- we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
【分析】改错题要注意代词，连词以及词性、人称的转化．
做好短文改错题，可以从以下三方面去考虑：1．快速阅读短文，如抓住中心思想，从整体上对短文有个了解． 2．充分运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类选择、词的搭配、习惯用法出发，进行分析判断，尽快找出错误在何处． 3．重视整体和语境，从上下文关系中找出表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词或词组，判断是递进关系还是转折关系，是因果关系还是让步关系．
【解答】Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I
ago of

planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果） in our back garden. Since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As∧result, the
years have a
plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There
everywhere tasty
are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato
many
plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or
去掉but或改为yet
insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
wonderful
【详解】
1. before改为ago. 表示"多久以前"的固定结构为"时段+ago"所以题意中"五年前"应为"five years ago"；
2. by改为of. "在某人的帮助下"固定搭配为"with the help of sb."；
3. year改为years. 前面限定词"these"提示表达的意思为"这些年"故year用复数形式years；
4. had改为have. 该句时间提示"since then"为自那以来，故该句应用现在完成进行时，结构为"have been doing sth."；
5. As和result之间加a. 这里考查固定搭配"as a result"表示"因此"；
6. somewhere改为everywhere. 该句意思为"圣女果四处繁殖"somewhere意为"某处"，而everywhere意为"到处，四处，各处"；
7. taste改为tasty. 该处要表达意思为"圣女果虽小但汁多且味美"由and连接的并列成分前一个用的是形容词 juicy，故其后也该用形容词tasty；
8. much改为many. 这里指的是圣女果，是可数名词复数，故应该用many；
9. 去掉but或改为yet. 表示"尽管…但是…"时although无法与but同时使用，但although可以与表示转折的yet连用；
10. wonderfully改为wonderful. 这里修饰的是tomatoes，故应该用形容词wonderful作定语．

2013全国一卷
I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now.
I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.
【分析】文章讲述了作者对祖父母的回忆．祖母过去常常把作者抱在大腿上，唱一些古老的歌曲．可惜作者四岁时，祖母就去世了；作者也清楚地记得祖父的样子：高个，宽肩，白胡子．声音浑厚，强壮有力．有时还会吓到作者的小伙伴，但在作者心中，祖父是一位最慈祥的人．
【解答】
I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and
hold
sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory
passed
for me now.
I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a
well / clearly shoulders
beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which
to / into
set himself apart from others in our small town, ∧he was
strong and powerful. In a
him and 去掉a
fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do
when
homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.
ever
1．holding改为hold．句中used to do something，表示"过去常常"，是特殊的情态动词，后接动词原形．
2．passes改为passed．该句描述的是过去的事实，要用一般过去时态．
3．much 改为well．very much 很多；一般修饰数量多少；very well 很好；一般修饰动词．此句是对remember这个动词的修饰，要用very well．
4．shoulder改为shoulders．shoulder此处指的是双肩，要用复数．
5．toward改为into．句意表达的是胡须由黑变白了，from…into…由…变成…；toward表示方向．
6．himself改为him．谓语动词为set，宾语可直接用名词的宾格；set…apart from…有别与，与…不同．
7．加and．该句由两个单句构成，前一个单句中带有非限制性定语从句．两个单句需要用并列连词连接，此处根据句意应用and．
8．去掉a．固定短语，in fact 事实上，实际上．
9．during 改为when．题干中前后都是句子，要用连词；during介词，在…期间，要改为连词when．
10．never改成ever．句意表达的是肯定．never 意为从未有过；ever意为曾经，在任何时候．

2012全国一卷
I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “That’s it. No more toys to you.” My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.
【分析】文章大意：从小我学会了要更加耐心，更加好争斗．从四岁到六岁，我毁坏了我所有的玩具．后来父母发现了问题所在，不再给我买玩具．父母对我的惩罚持续了一年，同时我发现耐心一点就能让我的玩具持续久一点．从此我的态度发生了变化．
【解答】I learned early in life that I had to be morepatient and little aggressive. From
less
the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I
toys
was happy when the toys worked, but when things did∧wrong, I got angry and
went/或者加go
broke it. For a while∧parents bought me new toys. But before long they began
them my
to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my
what tore
father said, “That’s it. No more toys to you.” My punishment lasted a year.
for
Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.
could/might
My attitude changed from then on.
1．little改为less 考查副词的用法．根据文意：我不得不多一些耐心而少一些挑衅性．此处less修饰形容词．
2．toy改为toys 考查名词的单复数形式． 根据each of 可知，应该是我的玩具中的每一个，故用复数形式toys．
3．did改为went或者did 后加go 考查固定短语的表达法．考查短语go wrong意为：出错．
4．it改为them 考查代词指代一致．此处前文指toys，所以后用them．
5．在parents前加my．考查代词的用法．parents bought me new toys．此处my和me对应．英语中需前后一致，my．
6．which改为what 考查名词性从句的连接词．此处what作宾语从句的主语，句意：看所发生是一切．
7．tear改为tore 考查动词时态． 通过观察整个文章的时态以及my fifth birthday可知，此处用一般过去时．
8．to改为for 考查介词的用法．此处意为：不再给你买玩具了．toys for sb意为：给某人的玩具．
9．must改为could/might 考查情态动词．根据文意：拥有更多的耐心，我就能使玩具使用的更久．
10．去掉last前的to 考查不定式作宾语补足语．解题关键：make sb/sth do，此处make作"使"解，其后接不带to的不定式作宾补．

2021全国二卷
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are：Who will you go in times of trouble? Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
1.are→is
2.go后加to
3.friend→friends
4.删除turn后的out
5.little→few
6.our→their
7.talk→talking
8.kept→keep
9.where→when/whenever
10.mostly→most
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于学生在碰到问题后的解决方式的问卷调查结果。
1.考查主谓一致。句意：其中的一个问题是：你遇到麻烦时会去找谁？one of the +名词复数，意为“……之一”，为单数含义，所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意，此处指问卷调查中的一个问题，所以为客观事实，时态用一般现在时。故are改为is。
2.考查固定结构。句意同上。短语go to sb.“求助于某人”相当于短语turn to sb. for help。故go后加to。
3.考查名词复数。句意：许多同学说他们会和他们的朋友说或同学讲，因为他们是同龄人，能彼此理解。friend“朋友”为可数名词，结合句中their，所以此处要用复数。故friend改为friends。
4.考查固定短语。句意：一些说他们会向他们的父母或老师求助。固定短语turn to sb. for help，意为“向某人求助”，所以此处删除介词out。故删除turn后的out。
5.考查代词。句意：只有一些人选择自己解决问题。结合上文“Many students say...”及“Some will turn...”可知，此处指一些学生。student为可数名词，应用a few代指。a little通常代指不可数名词。故little改为few。
6.考查代词。句意同上。短语on one’s own，意为“独自”，结合句意可知，此处指学生们独自完成，所以要用代词their。故our改为their。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短语dislike doing sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。
8.考查时态。句意：他们很自闭。结合前文可知，文章的时态用一般现在时。所以此处的kept改为keep。故kept改为keep。
9.考查连词。句意：在我看来，当我们有麻烦时（无论什么时候我们有麻烦时），我们应该从我们最相信的人们那里寻求帮助。分析可知，本句为含有状语从句的复合句。主句为we should seek help...，从句表示的含义为无论什么时候我们有麻烦或者当我们有麻烦时，所以应用when/whenever引导。故where改为when/whenever。
10.考查副词。句意同上。副词mostly，意为“大多数”；most意为“最”，此处指最相信的人，指程度。故mostly改为most。

2020全国二卷
Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy. I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m surely you’ll have a good time. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.
【答案】1.what→which
2.come后加to
3.surely→sure
4.start→started
5.for→but / yet
6.vacations→vacation
7.such→so
8.去掉on
9.yours→your / you
10.sooner→soon
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者给他的朋友回信。很高兴听说他的朋友在学功夫，也很期待能和他一起学习中国功夫。
【详解】1.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：谢谢你的来信，你的信真正让我开心。分析句子，逗号后的从句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词your letter，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故将what改为which.
2. 考查固定搭配。句意：我很高兴知道你来中国在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫。分析句子，此处come为不及物动词，后接宾语是需加相应介词。come to 译为“来到”是故定短语。故在come 和China之间加to。
3. 考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
4.考查时态。句意：事实上，我七岁时就开始学功夫了。分析句子，此处动词start讲述的是7岁的时候，动词应该用过去时。故将start改为started。
5.考查连词。句意：但我早就不练习了。分析句子，此处前句提到“我7岁开始学功夫”，后句提到“很久没有练习了”。此处前后应是转折关系。故将for改为but / yet。
6.考查不可数名词。句意：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子，vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词，后面不可加s表示复数。Summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。
7.考查副词。句意：然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它，这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子，此处应表示“以便；所以”。故将such改为so.
8.考查介词。句意：我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every day 译为“每一天”，前不能用有任何介词修饰。故on多余，应去掉。
9.考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子，best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。/句中的yours为名词性物主代词，不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。
10.考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。

2019全国二卷
Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
【答案】job→jobs
coolly→cool
five→fifth
too→very/so
chemistry后面加上in/at
or→and
They→There
amazing→amazed
去掉more
is→was
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了从小到大自己的职业梦想随着求学经历不断改变的过程。
【详解】1. 考查名词的数。“job（工作；职业）”为可数名词，用different（不同的）修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应该用名词的复数形式。故将job改为jobs。
2. 考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked（看起来…样）”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。
3. 考查序数词。年级、班级是按数字顺序排列的，所以“在几年级”中的数词需要用序数词。故将five改为fifth。
4. 考查副词。句意：在五年级的时候，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师，所以我想变成一名老师。“so much”在句中一般表达肯定意思，可与that连用表示“如此…以至于”。而“too much”表太多，一般与to搭配，表达否定意思“太…以至于不能…”。本句话表达肯定意思，非常so much 或very much，故将too改为very/so。
5. 考查介词。“在高中”需要用介词in或者at，故在high school前加in/at。
6. 考查连词。句意：在高中学化学的时候，我重新考虑了自己的目标并决定变成一名医生。 “重新考虑”与“决定变成一名医生”之间是顺承关系，不是选择关系。故将or改为and。
7. 考查there be句型。句意：有两个原因可以解释这个决定。句中的they在前边句中找不到指代关系，且后边句子中的one与the other是对这两个原因的解释。故将they改为there。
8. 考查形容词用法。“amaze（使惊奇；使惊愕）”形容词形式有amazed（大为惊奇）与amazing（令人大为惊奇的）。本句话中主语为I，句意:病人看完医生就会感觉好很多，对此我感到惊奇，而不是我令别人惊奇。故将amazing改为amazed。
9. 考查形容词比较级。句中better为well（健康；身体好）的比较级形式，多音节的形容词或副词构成比较级用more 加形容词或副词，即more不能与berrer连用。故将more去掉。
10. 考查一般过去时。本篇文章使用的全是一般过去时，且与最后一句并列的“one was that…”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。讲述当时做决定时的原因。故将is改为was。

2018全国二卷
When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
【分析】本文讲述我小的时候，星期五晚上是我们家的游戏之夜．直到上了高中，我才意识到我的父母是多么的正确．我父母在我小时候教我的游戏后来证明对我以后的生活很有用．
【解答】When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I∧ unwiling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life．
1． Friday’s改成Friday．考查固定搭配，Friday和night不是所属关系，所以不用名词所有格，直接用名词作定语．
2． sort改成sorts．考查固定搭配，all sorts of各种各样的．
3． the改成a．考查冠词，泛指用不定冠词，此处泛指一个小孩．
4． watching改成watch．考查不定式，ask to do要求做，前面有to，所以用动词原形．
5． 去掉to．考查情态动词，would do "过去常常做"．
6． us改成me．考查人称代词，指代I，作宾语，所以用me．
7． I后面加was．考查固定搭配，be unwilling to do不愿意做，描述小时候，所以用过去式．
8． for改成with．考查介词，表示"和…一起"，用介词with．
9． are改成were．考查时态，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时态．
10．where改成when．考查句意，表示"当我小的时候"，用when引导时间状语从句．

2017全国二卷
Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables!
【分析】本文主要讲述张先生夫妇在作者学校工作. 他们离学校远，每天要花一个半小时到学校. 业余时间则在屋顶花园种植蔬菜，到网上查找有用的信息.
【解答】Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students∧pick the vegetables!
详解：
1. all改为both或去掉all. 考查代词. Mr. and Mrs. Zhang是两个人，用both. all指三人及以上，或去掉all.
2. a改为an或one. 考查冠词. hour是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词表示泛指，因其读音以发元音开头，用不定冠词an.
3. interesting改为interested. 考查过去分词. be interested in意为"对…感兴趣"，是固定搭配.
4. that改为which. 考查定语从句. 分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词garden在从句中作主语，用关系代词which.
5. earlier改为early. 考查词语用法. 此处没有比较对象，要用副词原级.
6. 去掉for. 考查词语用法. buy是及物动词，后接名词作宾语时不需要加介词for，要去掉.
7. beside改为besides. 考查副词. beside意为"在…旁边；在…附近"，是介词，besides意为"而且，也"，是副词，此处应是：而且，也.
8. informations改为information. 考查名词. information是不可数名词，没有复数形式.
9. came改为comes. 考查动词时态. 此处是一般事实，用一般现在时态.
10. 加to 考查动词不定式. invite sb. to do sth. 意为"邀请某人做某事"，动词不定式作宾语补足语.

2016全国二卷
The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.
【分析】本文主要讲述了释放工作压力的方法．首先要学会识别出比较重要的以及不是那么重要的工作，然后先去处理你感觉最重要的工作，使自己获得成就感；由于大多数人通常在早晨比晚些时候要更专注于我们的工作，因此要尽可能在午饭前富有成效的完成工作，以便使自己获得自信心；另外，研究表明：如果我们能进行定期地短暂的休息，使我们的身体和大脑得到充分地休息，会提高我们的工作效率；最后指出：无论在工作之余做什么，都要确保它能把自己从日常生活的压力中解脱出来，而不是又添了另一件令自己担忧的事．
【解答】答案：
61．greater 由于and之后的less使用的是little的比较级，并且根据并列连词and连接的前后两部分在形式上应保持一致，所以great也要使用比较级形式greater，意为"比较重要的以及不是那么重要的工作"；故填greater
62．achievement 此处的"a real sense of"意为：一种真正的…；通常用作定语来修饰名词；而此处achieve的名词形式是在它的后面加ment，由于它是不可数名词，它的后面不能加s；故填achievement
63．is 通读全文可知，整篇文章使用的都是一般现在时，所以此处也应该使用一般现在时态；由于此处的主语是一个句子"Leaving the less important things until tomorrow把不那么重要的事情留到明天做"，因此谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式，故填is
64．on "be focus on"是固定的短语，意为"专注于"；故填on
65．as "as…as possible"为固定的表达，意为：尽可能..的干某事；故填as
66．studies 分析句意可知，此处的study是可数名词"研究"的意思；根据它后面的谓语动词show使用了原形可知，主语应该是复数形式，故填studies
67．regularly regular是形容词：有规律的；该空缺处用来修饰动词短语take short breaks"短暂的休息"，所以应使用它的副词形式，意为：进行定期地短暂的休息；故填regularly
68．a "for a while"是固定的短语，意为"一会儿"；故填a
69．to bring 此处be less likely to do是固定的短语，意为：不太可能干某事；故填to bring
70．make 此处是表示给某人提建议，是省略了主语you的祈使句，因此谓语动词要使用动词原形；意为：要确保它能把你从日常生活的压力中解脱出来，而不是又添了另一件令你担忧的事．故填make

2015全国二卷
One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
【分析】本文主要讲述Tony和父母一起到商店购物，与父母走失了，后在一位妇女的指导下，看到了他的父母.
【解答】One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later. Tony saw∧parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
详解：
1. parent改为parents 考查名词复数. 结合下文的"his parents were missing"可知托尼是和爸爸妈妈一起去购物的，因此应用复数形式parents.
2. on改为in 考查介词. 结合生活常识可知，这里表示在商店橱窗里摆放着一个玩具，故应用in.
3. 去掉very 考查固定搭配. so…that…意为"如此/这么…以致于…"，句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. /adv. +that从句.
4. looks改为looking 考查动名词. 介词after后接动词时要用动名词形式.
5. where改为that或者去掉where 考查连词. 本句中连词that引导的从句充当动词found的宾语，that不作句子成分只起连接作用，同时宾语从句又可以省略掉连词that. 而where引导宾语从句时，在从句中作地点状语，有"在哪里"的意思.
6. begun改为began 考查动词时态. 这里是对过去发生的事情的客观叙述，应用一般过去时.
7. telling改为told 考查动词时态. and后tell和saw一起做并列谓语，而并非和crying并列做宾补.
8. a改为the 考查冠词. 同一名词第二次提到应表示特指用定冠词.
9. 加his 考查代词. 此处parents并不是表示泛指而是指托尼的爸爸妈妈，名词parents前缺少限定词.
10. terrible改为terribly 考查副词. 修饰形容词worried应用副词.


2014全国二卷
My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
【分析】本文为记叙文，题材是人物故事类．讲述了一位不知名的少年骑车追还失主手提箱的故事．
【解答】
61．being 考查非谓语．介词后用动名词做宾语．worry about doing，考查介词后接doing动名词形式；
62．and 考查连词．and连接两个句子，表示顺承关系．很明显，两句之间需连词相连接，通过前后句意关系，many people waiting和looked very anxious判断，属并列关系．
63．disappointed 考查非谓语．表示人的内心活动，应使用﹣ed分词演变来的形容词，这里指他们看起来既焦虑又失望．look为感官半系动词，连接形容词，表人状态，故用﹣ed形式；
64．to 考查介词．考查next to介词短语搭配，意为"挨着，靠近"，比较简单，整体充当a place的后置定语；
65．caught 考查非谓语．全文是叙述一件往事，以一般过去时为主，故这里应使用catch的过去式．此空首先考虑确实谓语动词形式，结合全文，表示瞬间动作，吸引了我的注意力，所以填一般过去时态，中等难度．
66．to stop 考查非谓语．表示"拒绝做某事"时，refuse后接不定式做宾语．考查refuse动词的搭配，refuse to do，难度简单；
67．riding 考查非谓语．表示"继续（不间断地）做某事"时，要用keep doing sth.，相当于continue doing sth…考查keep doing，强调一直持续在做，难度简单；
68．Did 考查助动词．句尾的问号提示该句尾疑问句，"丢失"是发生在过去的动作，故应使用助动词did．通过asked，表明询问，结合语境中last stop，应使用一般过去时态，请注意大写；
69．me/mine 考查代词．该句既可以用宾格me表示"是我（丢了手提箱）"，也可以用名词性物主代词mine表示"那是我的手提箱．此空答案可理解为两种回答方式，一是我丢了，回答It’s me．二是回答是我的suitcase，所以可回答It’s mine．所以按照不同理解可有以上两种答案．

2013全国二卷
The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800’s. Have tea in the late agternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day. Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain (瓷器) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cupswithout handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.
【分析】文章介绍了英国下午茶的起源．十九世纪初，英国人在午餐和晚餐之间喝下午茶，渐渐地成为一种习惯．有趣的是，这和英国的瓷器工业有关．中国传统的茶杯是没有把的，当茶在英国流行起来的时候，为了迎合英国人的习惯，人们迫切需要大量的好茶杯，这就促进了瓷器工业的发展．
【解答】The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain.
去掉
It is said to have started in the early 1800’s.
Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,
having
that might not be served until 8o’clock at night.
which
This custom soon becomes another meal of∧day.
became 加the
Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain（瓷器）industry.
Interestingly with/to
Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.
drunk
When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to
cups
suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.
growth
【详解】
1．去掉of．read是及物动词，直接接宾语．
2．have改为having．句中have tea in the afternoon是充当provides的主语，要用动名词．
3．that改为which．句子之间有逗号分隔，是一个非限制性定语从句，不能用that引导．
4．becomes改为became．文章讲述的是过去是事，要用一般过去时态．
5．加the．day可数名词，要用限定词，表达抽象的时间．
6．Interesting改为Interestingly．修饰整个句子要用副词．
7．by改为with或to．搭配短语have a connection with/to sth与某物有联系．
8．drank改为drunk．句子表达的是被动，要用过去分词．drink的过去分词是drunk．
9．cup改为cups．cup杯子，可数名词，表示泛指需要很多茶杯，要用复数．
10．grow改为growth．grow前面后定冠词，说明是名词，充当介词for的宾语．grow的名词是growth增长，成长．

2012全国二卷
I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “That’s it. No more toys to you.” My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.
【分析】文章大意：从小我学会了要更加耐心，更加好争斗．从四岁到六岁，我毁坏了我所有的玩具．后来父母发现了问题所在，不再给我买玩具．父母对我的惩罚持续了一年，同时我发现耐心一点就能让我的玩具持续久一点．从此我的态度发生了变化．
【解答】I learned early in life that I had to be morepatient and little aggressive. From
less
the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I
toys
was happy when the toys worked, but when things did∧wrong, I got angry and
went/或者加go
broke it. For a while∧parents bought me new toys. But before long they began
them my
to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my
what tore
father said, “That’s it. No more toys to you.” My punishment lasted a year.
for
Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.
could/might
My attitude changed from then on.
1．little改为less 考查副词的用法．根据文意：我不得不多一些耐心而少一些挑衅性．此处less修饰形容词．
2．toy改为toys 考查名词的单复数形式． 根据each of 可知，应该是我的玩具中的每一个，故用复数形式toys．
3．did改为went或者did 后加go 考查固定短语的表达法．考查短语go wrong意为：出错．
4．it改为them 考查代词指代一致．此处前文指toys，所以后用them．
5．在parents前加my．考查代词的用法．parents bought me new toys．此处my和me对应．英语中需前后一致，my．
6．which改为what 考查名词性从句的连接词．此处what作宾语从句的主语，句意：看所发生是一切．
7．tear改为tore 考查动词时态． 通过观察整个文章的时态以及my fifth birthday可知，此处用一般过去时．
8．to改为for 考查介词的用法．此处意为：不再给你买玩具了．toys for sb意为：给某人的玩具．
9．must改为could/might 考查情态动词．根据文意：拥有更多的耐心，我就能使玩具使用的更久．
10．去掉last前的to 考查不定式作宾语补足语．解题关键：make sb/sth do，此处make作"使"解，其后接不带to的不定式作宾补．

2020全国三卷
My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者的妈妈坚持让全家人吃健康食物，确保每个人身体好。一开始，家人有些排斥。在母亲的坚持下，我充满感激地接受了母亲的好意。
【详解】第一处：考查固定短语。句意：我的妈妈真的关心我们家庭里每个人的健康。be concerned with关心，该短语是固定短语，所以concerning改成concerned。
第二处：考查名词单复数。句意同上。family当“家庭”讲时，是集合名词，这里表示“我们一个家庭”，所以用单数，families改成family。
第三处：考查固定短语。句意：为了确保我们所有人身体好，她为我们制定了特殊的计划。 make sure确保，该短语是固定短语，所以surely改成sure。
第四处：考查简单句。句意同上。这是一个简单句，前面in order to…作目的状语，不用连词and，所以去掉and。
第五处：考查冠词。句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。
第六处：考查时态。根据时间状语every morning，可知这里表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词要用原形。所以had改成have。
第七处：考查主谓一致。句意：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我也不喜欢苹果。表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时。主语my dad是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以don’t改成doesn’t。
第八处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth.被迫做某事，所以forced 后面加to。
第九处：考查代词。句意：但是她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。文中指“我的妈妈”，是女性，所以he改成she。
第十处：考查定语从句。句意：出于对妈妈好意的理解，我满怀感激地吃着妈妈提供的所有食物。这里含有一个定语从句，先行词是all the food，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，可用that或which，先行词被all所修饰，只能使用that，不能使用which，且what不能引导定语从句，所以what改成that。

2019全国三卷
I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
【答案】opens→open
required→requires
ordinarily→ordinary
cafe后面加上to
去掉like
yourselves→themselves
what→that/which
manage→managing
city→cities
an→a
【解析】
【详解】1. 本句考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to后用动词原形。故把 opens改为 open。2. 本句考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现代时。故把 required改为 requires。3. 本句考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。故把 ordinarily改为 ordinary。
4. 本句考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth“ 想要某人做某事”。故在have前加to。5. 本句考查介词的用法。such as和like都是用来举例子，重复了。故把like删除。6. 本句考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语，故把 yourselves改为 themselves。7. 本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。8. 本句考查动词的固定搭配。succeed in doing something“成功的做了某事”。故把manage 改为managing。
9. 本句考查名词的用法。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。
10. 本句考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音因素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用a。故把an改为a。

2018全国三卷
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well.” Immediate, I raised my hand.[来
【分析】本文讲述我想起父亲的话"教室是一个学习的地方，包括从课本中学习，也包括错误．"克服害羞心理，在写作课上朗读自己的文章．
【解答】It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager ∧take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well. Immediate, I raised my hand．
1．begin改为begun，考查时态，用过去分词和had构成过去完成时态．
2．wait改为waiting，考查现在分词，句子主语和wait自己是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语．
3．and改为or，考查连词，表示他或她的，所以用or连接．
4．eager后面加to，考查固定搭配，be eager to do sth急切地想做某事．
5．myself改为my，考查形容词性物主代词，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词．
6．去掉that，考查固定搭配，be afraid to do sth不敢做某事．
7．larger改为large，考查形容词，a large group of people一大群人．
8．include改为includes，考查主谓一致，主语为that，所以用第三人称单数谓语．
9．mistake改为mistakes，考查名词的数，mistake为可数名词，所以用复数泛指．
10．immediate改为immediately，考查副词，修饰动词用副词．

2017全国三卷
When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time; car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.
【分析】短文主要讲了作者通过一张照片回忆起了高中的许多美好时光．
【解答】
When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had
have
grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month
but
after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new
taken became
member of the school music club. Around me in∧picture are the things they were
this/the that/which
very important in my life at that time; car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and
different
collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy
latest
memories of your high school days.
my
1．of去掉，考查从句的用法，realize是及物动词后接宾语从句，因此不用of．
2．had改为have，考查时态，句中有时间状语 in the past few years，表示从过去到现在一直持续的状态，应使用现在完成时．
3．and改为but，考查固定搭配，not only…but also"不仅…，而且"．
4．took改为taken，考查被动语态，photo与take构成被动的关系，因此使用被动语态be done，take的过去分词是taken．
5．become改为became，考查谓语动词，and连接两个并列的谓语，前使用entered一般过去时，因此become也要改为一般过去时became．
6．in后加this/the，考查代词或者定冠词，根据语境指的是"在这张图片"，可以使用this或the．
7．they 改为that/which，考查定语从句的引导词，things作为先行词，引导定语从句可以使用that或者which．
8．difference改为different，考查形容词，此处应使用形容词修饰后面的名词kinds．
9．late改为latest，考查形容词的辨析，late"晚的"，latest"最新的"，根据语境是"最新的音乐唱片"．
10．your改为my，考查形容词性物主代词，联系上文语境可知此处指"我的高中时光"，应使用my．

2016全国三卷
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.

【分析】作者在本文中回忆了自己13岁到19岁时的时候，自己以为什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了，但是父母却不这样认为，所以作者很反感．等离开父母上了大学，重要自己独立了，却又想得到父母的帮助．
【解答】The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever∧ need help.
1．year改为years．考查名词复数．teenage years青少年应该是一段时间，为可数名词复数．
2．worse改为worst．考查形容词最高级．and为并列连词，the best相对的是the worst，应为最高级．
3．去掉the．考查固定搭配．at first意为"首先；最早"，是固定搭配．
4．yourself改为myself．考查代词．主语和宾语为同一个人，用反身代词myself作宾语．
5．such改为so．考查代词．根据句意：但我父母不这么认为．应为"they don’t think so."，so指代前面的一个观点．
6．tell改为told．考查动词时态．此处讲述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时态．
7．freely改为free．考查形容词．be动词后接形容词作表语．
8．wear改为wearing．考查动名词．by是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式．
9．to改为for．考查介词．表示目的应用目的介词for，意为"以（提及地）为目的地"．
10．加I 考查代词．考查从句．whenever引导时间状语从句，句中缺少主语I，需加上人称代词I．
【分析】作者在本文中回忆了自己13岁到19岁时的时候，自己以为什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了，但是父母却不这样认为，所以作者很反感．等离开父母上了大学，重要自己独立了，却又想得到父母的帮助．
【解答】The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever∧ need help.
1．year改为years．考查名词复数．teenage years青少年应该是一段时间，为可数名词复数．
2．worse改为worst．考查形容词最高级．and为并列连词，the best相对的是the worst，应为最高级．
3．去掉the．考查固定搭配．at first意为"首先；最早"，是固定搭配．
4．yourself改为myself．考查代词．主语和宾语为同一个人，用反身代词myself作宾语．
5．such改为so．考查代词．根据句意：但我父母不这么认为．应为"they don’t think so."，so指代前面的一个观点．
6．tell改为told．考查动词时态．此处讲述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时态．
7．freely改为free．考查形容词．be动词后接形容词作表语．
8．wear改为wearing．考查动名词．by是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式．
9．to改为for．考查介词．表示目的应用目的介词for，意为"以（提及地）为目的地"．
10．加I 考查代词．考查从句．whenever引导时间状语从句，句中缺少主语I，需加上人称代词I．
【分析】作者在本文中回忆了自己13岁到19岁时的时候，自己以为什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了，但是父母却不这样认为，所以作者很反感．等离开父母上了大学，重要自己独立了，却又想得到父母的帮助．
【解答】The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever∧ need help.
1．year改为years．考查名词复数．teenage years青少年应该是一段时间，为可数名词复数．
2．worse改为worst．考查形容词最高级．and为并列连词，the best相对的是the worst，应为最高级．
3．去掉the．考查固定搭配．at first意为"首先；最早"，是固定搭配．
4．yourself改为myself．考查代词．主语和宾语为同一个人，用反身代词myself作宾语．
5．such改为so．考查代词．根据句意：但我父母不这么认为．应为"they don’t think so."，so指代前面的一个观点．
6．tell改为told．考查动词时态．此处讲述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时态．
7．freely改为free．考查形容词．be动词后接形容词作表语．
8．wear改为wearing．考查动名词．by是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式．
9．to改为for．考查介词．表示目的应用目的介词for，意为"以（提及地）为目的地"．
10．加I 考查代词．考查从句．whenever引导时间状语从句，句中缺少主语I，需加上人称代词I．