2022吕梁高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022吕梁高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，文件包含山西省吕梁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考英语试题解析版docx、山西省吕梁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
（本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is that frce called?
A. The pwer f wind. B. Electricity pwer. C. Gravity.
2. What is the wman ding?
A. Waiting the man. B. Changing clthes. C. Typing a paper.
3. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. English learning. B. A student. C. A class.
4. What d we knw frm the cnversatin?
A. All the infrmatin n line is false.
B. The man desn’t knw the cmputer at all.
C. The wman is cautius when shpping nline.
5. What des the man mean?
A. He will watch TV.
B. He has t leave early.
C. He will help make dinner.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What is said abut medical develpment in the future?
A. Health care will be free.
B. Cancer may be cured.
C. AIDS will disappear.
7. What will make distant places mre ppular fr a hliday?
A. Lwer cst fr air travel.
B. Faster air transprt.
C. Better air service.
8. What is the tpic f this interview?
A. Future ways f traveling.
B. Medical prgress in the future.
C. Changes f life in the next decade.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. What des the girl want her father t buy?
A. A ruler. B. High-tech things. C. Pencils and erasers.
10. Which f the fllwing des the father cnsider buying fr his daughter?
A. An MP3 player. B. A cmputer. C. A calculatr.
11. Which f the fllwing culd be a reasn fr her father t buy what she wants?
A. She vlunteers t use sme f her wn mney.
B. She asks her father t buy a cheap ne nline.
C. She tells her father she is the best in schl.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12. Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A. At a shp. B. At a bkstre. C. At a reading rm.
13. What d we knw abut the bk the man wuld like?
A. It is full f invented stries abut the Industrial Revlutin.
B. It desn’t have the number f ISBN.
C. It was published in the early 1980s.
14. What advice des the wman give the man?
A. Reading n line.
B. Brrwing frm friends.
C. Trying an ld bkstre.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What is Gary Dank?
A. The name f a restaurant.
B. The name f a special dish.
C. The name f the wman’s husband.
16. What d we knw abut the wman’s husband?
A. He is a waiter. B. He is a vegetarian. C. He ften cks at hme.
17. What desn’t the man eat?
A. Meat. B. Vegetables. C. Desserts.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What’s the speaker talking abut?
A. The life f Stephen Harwking.
B. The key t Stephen Harwking’s success.
C. The educatin f Stephen Hawking.
19. When did Hawking g t Oxfrd?
A. In 1943. B. In 1953. C. In 1956.
20. Which f the fllwing bks was published in 2001?
A. A Brief Histry f Time.
B. Black Hles.
C. The Universe in a Nutshell.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Music
Opera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The seasn runs June thrugh August, with additinal perfrmances in March and September. The Opera hnrs Enjy the Arts membership discunts. Phne: 241-2742.
Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memrial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which ffers several cncerts frm March thrugh June. Call 723-1182 fr mre infrmatin.
Symphny Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. Fr ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular seasn runs September thrugh May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend.
Cllege Cnservatry f Music ( CCM ): Perfrmances are n the main campus f the university, usually at Patricia Cbbett Theater. CCM rganizes a variety f events, including perfrmances by the well-knwn LaSalle Quartet, CCM’s Philharmnic Orchestra, and varius grups f musicians presenting Barque thrugh mdern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events fr free. A free schedule f events fr each term is available by calling the bx ffice at 556-4183.
Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellgg Ave. Large utdr theater with the clsest seats under cver (price difference). Big name shws all summer lng! Phne: 232-6220.
1. Which website shuld yu visit if yu want t see an pera?
A. B.
C. D.
2. Where can students g fr free perfrmances with their I.D. cards?
A. Patricia Cbbett Theater.B. Memrial Hall.
C. Music Hall.D. Riverbend Music Theater.
3. Hw is Riverbend Music Theater different frm the ther places?
A. It gives shws all year rund.B. It ffers seats in the pen air.
C. It has membership discunts.D. It presents nly musical wrks.
B
On February 5, 2022, China claimed its first gld at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games in the 2000m mixed team relay f shrt track speed skating. The Chinese quartet (四人组) f Fan Kexin, Qu Chunyu, Ren Ziwei and Wu Dajing strmed t a thrilling victry at the Beijing Winter Olympics in 2:37.348. Italy tk the silver and Hungary bagged the brnze.
Accrding t the rules, each team is made up f tw men and tw wmen, and each f fur skaters cvers fur and a half laps in the 2000-meter race. Olympic silver medalist Fan skated the first leg f the final race, but the race was restarted as Canadian and Hungarian athletes fell dwn sn after the starting pistl (发令枪) was fired.
As the race started again, Fan finished the first leg in third, and her teammates came frm behind t lead the race. In the last ten laps, China steadily extended the advantage, while skaters frm Canada and Hungary cllided (相撞). The Italians finished 0.016 secnds behind China, almst cut the deficit. Pwerhuses Suth Krea and the Netherlands were penalized and kncked ut frm the final.
“I’ve been waiting fr this gld medal fr a lng time. I always believe in ur team and my teammates,” said Fan with tears rlling dwn her face after the cmpetitin. “We’ve been training hard every day, and we can even feel bld in ur thrat when we stepped ut f the rink. We made it!” The victry slidifies China’s dminance in shrt-track speed skating. Wu said, “Our shrt track team is a big family. We never give up and always g all ut fr every pprtunity t win.”
4. What is the purpse f paragraph 1?
A. T explain the rules f the speed skating event.
B. T intrduce speed skaters frm different cuntries.
C. T shw the result f the shrt-track speed skating race.
D. T stress the imprtance f the Chinese team’s victry.
5. Why was the mixed 2000m relay race restarted?
A. Tw athletes fell dwn accidentally in the final race.
B. The starting pistl was fired at the wrng time.
C. Sme players brke the rules in the cmpetitin.
D. The skating track was nt in gd cnditin.
6. What d the underlined wrds “cut the deficit” prbably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Scred the same.B. Brke the recrd.
C. Lst the race.D. Missed the match.
7. What can we learn frm the shrt track team’s success?
A. Failure is the mther f success.B. Well begun, half dne.
C. Each cin has tw sides.D. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
C
In a new study, scientists analyzed bld samples frm 22 healthy dnatrs and fund micrplastics (微塑料) in 17. Half the samples cntained PET plastic, which is cmmnly used in drinks bttles, while a third cntained plystyrene (聚苯乙烯), which is used fr packaging fd and ther prducts. A quarter f the bld samples cntained plyethylene, frm which plastic carrier bags are made.
“Previus wrk had shwn that micrplastics were 10 times higher in the waste f babies cmpared with adults and that babies fed with plastic bttles are swallwing millins f micrplastic particles (微粒) a day. We als knw in general that babies are mre sensitive t chemical and particle expsure,” said Prf Dick Vethaak, a scientist at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. “That wrries me a lt.”
The new research adapted existing techniques t detect and analyze particles as small as 0.0007mm. Sme f the bld samples cntained tw r three types f plastic. The team used steel needles and glass tubes t avid pllutin and tested fr backgrund levels f micrplastics using blank samples.
Vethaak acknwledged that the amunt and type f plastic varied between the bld samples. “But this is a pineering study,” he said, “with mre wrk nw needed.” He said the differences might reflect shrt-term expsure befre the bld samples were taken, such as drinking frm a plastic cffee cup r wearing a plastic face mask.
“Are the particles preserved in the bdy? Are they transprted t certain rgans? And are these levels high enugh t cause disease?” Vethaak said. “Mre detailed research n hw micrplastics affect the structures and prcesses f the human bdy, and whether and hw they can transfrm cells and hw they may cause cancer, is urgently needed. The prblem is becming mre urgent each day,” Vethaak added.
8. What des the new study in paragraph 1 shw?
A. Micrplastic pllutin is harmful t human health.
B. Drinks bttles cntain mre micrplastics than plastic carrier bags.
C. Micrplastics have been fund in human bld by scientists.
D. Fd packaging is the main surce f micrplastics in the human bdy.
9. What makes Vethaak wrried in paragraph 2?
A. The fd fed t babies.B. The mass prductin f plastic bttles.
C. The effect f micrplastics n babies.D. The increasing amunt f chemicals in fl.
10. What might cause micrplastics t vary between bld samples accrding t Prf Dick Vethaak?
A. Varius sampling time.B. Shrt-term expsure t plastics befre sampling.
C. Different ways f sampling.D. Pllutin f bld samples.
11. What is the Vethaak’s attitude t the effects f micrplastics n human bdy frm the last paragraph?
A Dubtful.B. Cautius.
C. Jyful.D. Anxius.
D
Every driver lves sailing thrugh a series f green lights withut having t stp and wait at a traffic light. Nw, thanks t artificial intelligence, German researchers have fund a way t reduce time spent at crssings.
Called the KI4LSA prject and funded by the Ministry f Transprt and Digital Infrastructure, the innvatin is being tested. Scientists first studied algrithms (算法) taken frm a busy crssing t learn abut traffic patterns and where imprvements were mst needed. There is a great necessity t speed up waiting times at crssings as traditinal methds are inflexible, accrding t the Fraunhfer Institute.
The new AI methd uses radar sensrs and high-reslutin cameras t interpret traffic patterns in real-time. They can determine the speed f traffic as well as waiting times and cmbine this with algrithms. Scientists are currently trying this ut at a busy crssing in Lemg, Germany, with encuraging results.
The intelligent lights are said t imprve traffic flw by 10 t 15 percent which results in mney saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create ecnmic damage that adds up t 100 billin eurs a year. Apart frm reducing cmmuting time, these traffic lights will reduce nise and CO2 emissins frm cars idling (空转) at crssings.
Anther exciting develpment in this research is the K14PED prject, which studies pedestrians passing crssings. Using AI, researchers can identify hw many peple are waiting at a pedestrian crssing and whether sme f these peple will need extra time t crss the street. Using a 3D pints clud, they can tell if smene has disabilities r is elderly withut identifying the individual. Because pedestrian buttns that are presently at crssings cannt determine if sme peple have special needs r are elderly, this is a real win. Such a needs-based system culd reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which culd then decrease jaywalking (乱穿马路) by 25 percent.
Testing will be dne until the late summer f 2022 in the German twns f Lemg and Bielefeld, with researchers ptimistic that it will be adpted by many cuntries. This technlgy is exciting news fr pedestrians and drivers alike. It encurages safety, prtects the envirnment, and may even give yu mre time t enjy yur mrning cffee befre heading ff t wrk!
12. What is the functin f AI in the KI4LSA prject?
A. T avid nise pllutin.B. T cntrl the speed f traffic.
C. T remind peple f traffic rules at crssings.D. T prvide real-time infrmatin abut traffic.
13. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. Ways f imprving traffic flw.B. The develpment f artificial intelligence.
C. The effect f traffic jams n the envirnment.D. Advantages caused by the intelligent lights.
14 What can we learn abut the K14PED prject?
A. It can be helpful t pedestrians with special needs.
B. It can identify the individual accurately.
C. It can avid traffic accidents with a 3D pints clud.
D. It has been applied t streets in many cuntries.
15. Which culd be the best title fr the text?
A. The Bright Future f AI TechnlgyB. The Intelligent Traffic Lights: A Blessing fr Transprtatin
C. Digital Traffic System: A Sign f Smart CitesD. The New Traffic Service fr Old Citizens
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An aplgy tells smene that we are srry fr the hurt we caused even if we didn’t d it n purpse.
____16____
Aplgies are ne f the tls that we use t build gd friendships and relatinships. When yu say “ I am srry ” and really mean it, it’s because yu prbably feel bad that smething yu did r said hurt the ther persn. Saying yu’re srry is mre than just wrds. Yu are als saying that yu respect the ther persn and yu care abut his r her feelings. After aplgizing, yu might feel a little better. ____17____ When yu aplgize in a caring way, yu can feel gd because yu are trying t make things right again.
Des aplgizing fix everything?
Smetimes a sincere “ I am srry ” fixes everything right away. Other times, it might take a while fr smene t get past (通过) feeling upset. Yu may need t give the ther persn sme time. Even after yu say yu are srry, he r she might still feel bad abut what yu said r did. ____18____
What if yu have been hurt?
____19____ . Hwever, if a persn keeps hurting yu and aplgizing withut making an effrt t change, yu may nt want t make friends with him. Just because smene aplgizes, yet it desn’t mean yu have t be friends. ____20____ , anything mre is up t yu!
A. Hw shuld we aplgize?
B. Why shuld we aplgize?
C. Althugh it’s plite t accept an aplgy,
D. The ther persn will prbably feel better, t.
E. When he r she des smething wrng,
F. When smene aplgizes t yu yu may welcme it.
G. But at least yu can feel gd abut aplgizing r fixing the mistake.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 16, I wrte a bucket list. This was a list f things that I wanted t d in my lifetime. One f the things n my bucket list was t d a(n) ___21___ .
Tw years ag I spent three mnths traveling arund Suth America. We ___22___ s many places and it was a great experience. One f the mst ___23___ things we saw was Iguassu Falls. The day after we visited the waterfalls we were ___24___ in a htel in Brazil, having breakfast. My friend then suddenly ___25___ an ad n the wall saying “ Skydive ver Iguassu Falls tday! ” We lked at each ther and decided it was time t d smething ___26___ . Tday wuld be the day that we wuld jump ut f a ___27___ .
That afternn we were picked up and taken t the Skydive Center. We put n ur gear (装备) and we were given sme ___28___ . After signing a few papers we were n ur way t the plane! There were 14 f us in a very small space as we tk ff int the ___29___ . This is when my heart started t ___30___ very fast.
Suddenly we were 3,000 meters abve the grund. ___31___ , I was tied t an instructr s I didn’t have t ___32___ anything. He asked me if I was ___33___ t fall frm the plane, but befre I had time t ___34___ , I felt the wind rushing against my face as we fell t the grund at 200 kilmeters an hur! Everything belw me lked s small and my ___35___ was simply taken away.
After abut 20 secnds f ___36___ , the parachute (降落伞) pened and everything ___37___ . We flated peacefully tward Earth, leaving the cluds behind us.
This was definitely ne f the scariest but mst ___38___ experiences f my life. The feeling f falling frm s high is amazing. I wuld definitely d anther skydive if I had the pprtunity. I wuld als lve t try ther ___39___ sprts such as bungee jumping (蹦极). I think that everyne shuld d smething that ___40___ them nce in a while.
21. A. diveB. skydiveC. experimentD. research
22. A. leftB. passedC. visitedD. missed
23. A. insignificantB. shckingC. differentD. amazing
24. A. readingB. wrkingC. hidingD. relaxing
25. A. nticedB. recgnizedC. rememberedD. reviewed
26. A. beautifulB. strangeC. crazyD. funny
27. A. shipB. carC. trainD. plane
28 A. testsB. instructinsC. warningsD. lectures
29. A. airB. waterC. spaceD. frest
30. A. sinkB. beatC. knckD. hit
31. A. FranklyB. EventuallyC. EntirelyD. Frtunately
32. A. wrry abutB. help utC. fcus nD. find ut
33. A. capableB. readyC. likelyD. free
34. A. checkB. inquireC. answerD. argue
35. A. heartB. mindC. cncernD. breath
36. A. flyingB. fallingC. risingD. shaking
37. A. let me dwnB. came t lifeC. slwed dwnD. sped up
38. A. excitingB. inspiringC. annyingD. exhausting
39. A. extremeB. fieldC. strengthD. team
40. A. bthersB. scaresC. challengesD. satisfies
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式，
The Ministry f Educatin recently released a new curriculum (课程) standard fr labr educatin in cmpulsry educatin.
Primary schl students in first and secnd ____41____ (grade) need t d basic cleaning wash vegetables and peel fruit, and learn t raise ne r tw kinds f plants r small animals. Third and furth graders shuld clean their classrms, wash their underwear, scks and shes, knw ____42____ t make cld dishes and use hme appliances. Fifth and sixth graders shuld master ____43____ skills f cking tw r three cmmn dishes, such as fried eggs, r scrambled eggs with tmat.
Fr middle schl students, they ____44____ (encurage) t ck three r fur dishes ____45____ (independent), learn hw t make ne r tw kinds f traditinal handicrafts ____46____ experience ne r tw types f industrial labr, new technlgies, mdem service r vlunteer wrk.
The new curriculum calls fr the ____47____ (participate) f families in students’ labr educatin. Schls shuld use varius means ____48____ (help) parents realize the imprtance f labr educatin and help parents make husehld lists t imprve students’ independence.
The curriculum has been discussed n scial media. Netizens welcmed the inclusin f such curses and said ____49____ is necessary t teach yung students basic skills. Sme have regretted nt _____50_____ (learn) such skills during their schl days.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Hw many hurs d yu sleep a day? Gu Ailing, wh answer was 10 hurs, said that she slept 14 hur ne night, frm 8 pm t 10 am the next day. She jking said, “ It was thing wrth ‘ shwing ff ’ . ” Gd sleep is seen t as her secret weapn t success. Since a yung age, bth she and his mther have been paying attentin t her sleep. Gu nly skied n weekends frm the age f 8 t 14 t ensure she has enugh sleep. Called her mther the “ sleep plice ” , she wuld always be pushed t sleep mre. Gu’s success shws the imprtant f enugh sleep fr yung peple. Make sure t get sufficiently sleep every day.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你校将于今年国庆节之际举办中华文化展。请你写信邀请你的好友Rbert参加。须包含以下要点：
1.时间和地点；2.展出内容及意义。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。