专题08 阅读技巧--细节理解题、词义猜测题-中考英语知识及解题技巧（仁爱版）

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细节理解题
1.题型特点
这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提问,即针对(w)h-问题,如用when,where,why,hw,wh,which,what等进行提问,目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。
2.细节理解题主要的设问方式
①Which f the fllwing is true/nt true?
②Which f the fllwing is mentined/nt mentined in the passage?
③Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t this passage?
④Which f the fllwing best
⑤Which f the fllwing shws/gives the right relatinship /psitin
⑥
3.细节理解题的解题技巧
所谓“事实细节”,是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。细节理解题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。一般来说,应在短文中找出相关信息的位置,确定试题测试的考点。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实进行一定的分析比较,才能做出正确的选择。
(1)搜寻直接答案的阅读技巧
先阅读所给的问题,判断其是否适合采用直接搜寻的阅读方法。如果所提问题是文章中出现的内容(即直接性答案),就可直接搜寻答案。
(2)搜寻间接答案的阅读技巧
①阅读文章所给的问题,判断哪些题目可以依靠通读来解决。比如概括文章主题,给无标题文章选标题,指出作者的观点、意图等的题目就需要依靠通读来解决。
②用较短的时间大体上浏览一下阅读材料,注意文章有可能涉及什么内容,属于什么体裁,以及文章安排的大体轮廓等。
③从头到尾阅读一遍。一般来说,第一段或前几句包含作者的基本思想和下文的发展线索,它是全文展开的基础,为下文发展搭建了理论框架。认真阅读第一段或文章的前几句,尽量抓住其中的主要情节和论点,把握全文发展的脉络。
④有些细节题容易出错主要有几种情况:
a.干扰项多。类似的内容多而杂,需要从中找出准确答案。例如:短文同时出现多个朋友,过去现在的十几种爱好,细节题考某人过去的爱好,需要在多而杂的内容中,带上问题,逐一去寻找,比对,找到正确选项。
b.迷惑性强。例:文中出现总金牌数,问题问的是奥运金牌数,粗心的考生易错选总金牌数。这类题要看清关键信息。
例练1
Nwadays, mre and mre peple like t shp n the Internet. Hw can yu prtect yurself frm different types f Internet tricks? Fllwing these tips can make yu nline shpping safer：
(1) Never click n an unslicited(主动提供的) e-mail. If yu are interested in the things well-knwn cmpany that sells the same thing, dn’t click n any links in the e-mail itself.
(2) Dn’t answer any e-mail that asks yu fr persnal financial(财政的) infrmatin. Mst f the legitimate(合法的)cmpanies will nt ask yur infrmatin thrugh e-mail. And dn’t believe what the e-mail says easily. Smetimes sme e-mail will ask yu t make a telephne call t get mre infrmatin abut the things yu want. Dn’t frget t check the phne number n yur phnebk t make sure it is the number f a legitimate cmpany befre yu make the call.
(3) When yu are searching fr infrmatin n the Internet, make sure that there is a key symbl at the bttm f yur brwser(浏览器)and the “http” in the website address. These mean that the website is safe.
(4) Dn’t sent yur mney t an unknwn website befre yu receive the things they send t yu and make sure they wrk well.
Shpping n the Internet is cnvenient and fun. It is als safe if yu are careful enugh.
59. Which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE?
A Yu can click n any link f e-mails. （Never click n an unslicited(主动提供的) e-mail.）
B. Dn’t believe what the e-mail says easily. （dn’t believe what the e-mail says easily）
C. Nt all the websites are safe. （the “http” in the website address. These mean that the website is safe.
D. Many peple have fun shpping n the Internet.（Shpping n the Internet is cnvenient and fun.）
【答案】A
【解析】原文Never click n an unslicited(主动提供的) e-mail.
例练2
If yu want t see a thing well，tuching can help yu t “see” it better.
Yur eyes can tell yu that a glass ball is rund. But by hlding it in yur hands，yu can feel hw smth and cl the ball is. Yu can feel hw heavy the glass ball is. When yu learn all these abut the ball，yu really see it well.
With yur skin，yu can feel better. Fr example，yur fingers can tell the difference between tw different cins in yur pcket. Yu can feel a little drp f water n the back f yur hand，t. Yu can even feel sunds against yur skin. Have yu ever wanted t knw why sme peple like very lud music? They must like t feel the sunds f music.
All children sn learn what “Dn’t tuch!” means. They hear it ften. Yet mst f us keep n tuching things as we grw up. In shps，we tuch things that we might buy. T see smething well，we have t tuch it. The bttms f ur feet can feel things，t. Yu knw this when yu walk n warm sand，cl grass r a hard flr. All feel different under yur feet.
Mst museums are just fr lking. But tday sme museums have sme things t tuch. Their signs say，“ D tuch!” There yu can feel everything n shw.
There are ways f learning t see well by feeling. One way is t clse yur eyes and try t feel everything that is tuching yur skin. Feel the shes n yur feet，the clthes n yur bdy，the air n yur skin.
If yu want t see better，reach ut and tuch it. Then yu will really see!
Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A. Tuching is helping us t see better
B. Our skin may help us enjy music.
C. Peple dn’t have t learn t feel.
D.Mst peple tuch things t see them well.
【答案】C
【解析】Peple dn’t have t learn t feel.（文章中没有提到）
词义猜测题
题型特点
这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。利用上下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。在阅读过程中,有些同学一遇到生僻词语就查词典,这是不可取的。一遇到生僻词语就查阅词典不但会使我们养成依赖词典的习惯,而且还会影响阅读速度。我们阅读汉语文章时遇到不认识的词语是否都查词典呢?答案是否定的。可是我们是如何理解它们的呢?利用上下文提示猜测词义就是诀窍。
词义猜测题的类型主要有三种:熟词新义要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;生词释义要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词义;难句释义要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。
2.词义猜测题主要的设问方式
①What’s the meaning f the underlined Chinese?
②The underlined t/prbably means...
③The underlined be replaced by...
④What is the meaning f...
⑤Which f the fllwing wrds can take the place f the
3.词义猜测题的解题技巧
(1)通过因果关系猜测词义
通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词所在部分与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词义。有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,fr,s,thus,as a result,f curse,therefre等)表示因果关系。
例Yu shuldn’t have blamed him fr that,fr it wasn’t his fault.
解析 通过fr引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。
(2)通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义
在文章中,有时作者为避免重复,或为了表达同一事物的不同种类,使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下,我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系由熟悉的词语推测不熟悉词语的含义。
通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或r连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。
例 Man has knwn smething abut the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help f spaceships.
解析 此句中的Venus(金星),Mars(火星),Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星”这一领域。
(3)通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义
有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或人,使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词语来进行对比,我们可以利用已知单词推测未知单词的词义。
通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,hwever等;二是看与nt搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。
例 He is s hmely,nt at all as handsme as his brther.
解析 根据“nt at all as handsme...”我们不难推测出hmely是“不英俊,不漂亮”的意思。
(4)通过构词法猜测词义
在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些生词,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词义,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用。此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。
(5)通过定义或释义关系猜测词义
定义或解释形式多样,常由is,that is(t say),in ther wrds,call,mean,be cnsidered t be,refer t,be called,be knwn as,define,represent等词汇或破折号来表示。作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等进行解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较容易。如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
例 But smetimes,n rain falls fr a lng,lng time.Then there is a dry perid,r drught.
解析 从drught所在的句子我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drught,由此可见drught的意思是“久旱,旱灾”。而a dry perid和drught是同义词。这种同义或释义关系常由is,r,that is,in ther wrds,be called或破折号等来表示。
(6)通过举例来猜测词义
恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。
例 Bananas,ranges,pineapples,ccnuts and sme ther kinds f fruit grw in warm areas.
解析 pineapples和ccnuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大概的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,ccnuts和bananas,ranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。
(7)通过描述猜测词义
描述即作者为帮助读者更深刻更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的描写。
例 The penguin is a kind f seabird living in the Suth Ple.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Althugh it cannt fly,it can swim in the icy water t catch the fish.
解析 从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类,即企鹅。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
(8)根据上下文猜测词义
①有些单词并不能直接猜测出其词义,但可以根据上下文的提示猜测出其词义。
例 One f the things I always believe is that n matter hw bad smething is,yu can take smething psitive ut f it.
It wasn’t until a few weeks after September 11 that I began t see that perhaps sme gd did cme frm this tragedy.
The wrd“psitive”in the passage prbably means .
A.terribleB.badC.gdD.real
解析 根据上文“我一直认为不管世间的事物有多么糟,你还是能发现它积极的一面。”因此答案是C。
②在句子或段落中,若事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。
例 If he thinks he can invite me ut,he is all wet.I dn’t like t be with him.
The underlined phrase“all wet”means .
A.drunkB.sweatingC.happyD.wrng
解析 根据下文“我不喜欢跟他在一起”可知,他如果认为能约我出去,那就“错了”。因此D是正确答案。
(9)根据生活常识猜测词义
有时,我们利用自己的生活常识,便可知道生词的含义。
例 A deaf-and-dumb guy went int a hardware stre t ask fr sme nails.
解析 从句子意思可知他想买钉子,那么卖钉子的商店无疑是五金店。
(10)利用单词的发音进行推测
英语中有些单词来自汉语,与汉语的发音有些相似,另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译,如:sfa(沙发),cffee(咖啡),typhn(台风),aspirin(阿司匹林),nyln(尼龙)等。因此,利用单词的发音也是一种猜测的手段。
例 The Olympic Games began in the 5th century BC.
One day it was revealed that Mrs Mrel had cancer and was beynd any help except that f mrphine.
解析 上面这两个句子中画线的两个词,只要我们能准确发音,就能知道它们的意思分别是“奥林匹克”和“吗啡”。
练一练
一、释义题解题方法
1.反义法 如 ht and cld, give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。
As always, the peple are the mst interesting part. A Bite f China 2 shws a greater dream—thrugh hmemade fd, it tells the jys and srrws f cmmn Chinese in changing times, accrding t directr Chen Xiaqing f the dcumentary series.
. What des the underlined wrd “srrws” mean in Chinese?
故事 B. 伤害 C. 快乐 D. 悲伤
【答案】D
【解析】jys and srrws 快乐和悲伤
2.释义法 对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语、逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。
We are already familiar with cmputers—cmputers wrk fr us at hme, in ffices and in factries. But it is als true that many children tday are using cmputers at schls befre they can write. What des this mean fr the future? Are these children lucky r nt?
. “T be familiar with” means t _______.
knw nthing B. knw abut C. dislike D. like
【答案】B
【解析】根据cmputers wrk fr us at hme, in ffices and in factries. But it is als true that many children tday are using cmputers at schls befre they can write
情景推断法、代词替代法
I ran quickly t my huse t call 119, and then I rang my neighbr’s drbell, kncked at the dr, but there was n respnse. I gt int the huse thrugh the windw and fund my neighbr sleeping in his bedrm .I wke him up and we rushed ut f the huse tgether.
The underlined wrd “respnse” can be replaced (代替) by ______.
A. result B. answer C. questin D. key
【答案】B
【解析】kncked at the dr, but there was n respnse. 我去敲门但没有人应答
4.构词法
Zhang Lili, a yung teacher frm Heilngjiang, has been given the hnr “the mst beautiful teacher”. She risked her life t save 2 students frm a high­speed bus in May, 2012. She was badly injured in the accident. Her gd deed(事迹)and brave acts have wn great admiratin frm acrss the cuntry. Many peple have sent best wishes t her and dnated(捐献) a lt f mney fr her treatment.
55.What’s the meaning f the wrd “admiratin” in the passage?
A. 敬佩 B. 同情 C. 讨厌 D. 感激
【答案】A
【解析】admire+tin
真题训练
一
In English, the wrd “pig” has many idims(习语). Nw, in the Year f the Pig, why nt pick up sme f them?
Let’s begin with sme very interesting expressins. We all knw pigs spend a large amunt f time eating. As a result, many pigs are fat. In English, we use the idim“eat like a pig”t describe peple wh eat a lt. But it can be rude t use this idim.
Anther interesting idim t learn is “lipstick(口红)n a pig”. While yu think this expressin describes a beautiful thing, the ppsite is true. We use this idim t say that n matter hw well we decrate an ugly prduct, it is still ugly. Even the mst expensive lipstick cannt fix it!
“Pigs might fly”is an idim widely used in daily life. It’s used t shw that yu d nt believe smething will ever happen. Fr example, Rick has been smking fr twenty years. Once he said he wuld give it up. His friends all laughed and said, “Yes, and pigs might fly.”
The last idim we are ging t learn is“guinea pig”.
The guinea pig is actually nt a pig. It is a rat that has shrt legs and n tail. Many children keep the animal as a pet. But if we say smene is used as a guinea pig, it means new ideas, methds, r medical treatments are tested n them.
1.What’s the best title f the passage?
A.Pig IdimsB.Year f the Pig
C.Different PigsD.Habits f the Pig
2.Putting a new cver n a brken phne is just like .
A.eating like a pigB.decrating a flying pig
C.putting lipstick n a pigD.keeping a guinea pig
3. has the similar meaning t “pigs might fly”.
A.太阳从西边出来B.竹篮打水一场空
C.失败乃成功之母D.磨刀不误砍柴工
4.Cindy likes creating her wn dishes. She always uses her husband as a guinea pig t .
A.ck fr herB.try her new dishes
C.d sme cleaningD.buy the latest ckbk
5.Which f the fllwing shws the structure(结构)f the passage?(P=Paragraph)
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。由第一段的内容可知,本文介绍了有关“猪”的习语。
【答案】C
【答案】推理判断题。由第三段可知,给“猪抹口红”用来表示丑陋的东西无论怎样修饰它还是丑陋的。
【答案】A
【答案】推理判断题。由第四段可知,“pigs might fly”用来表达你不相信某件事会发生。故选A。
【答案】B
【答案】推理判断题。由文章最后一句可知,“guinea pig”用来表示在某人身上尝试新的方法等。
【答案】A
【答案】推理判断题。文章第一段做总述,第二、三、四、五段分别介绍一个习语,是总分结构,故选A。
二
Peple in different cuntries have different Internet habits. In fact, peple are spending mre and mre time nline these days. A new reprt shws hw much time peple spend nline. It says peple spend an average(平均)f 6 hurs and 42 minutes a day nline.
Accrding t the reprt, peple in Philippines use the Internet the mst. They spent an average f 10 hurs and 2 minutes a day nline in 2018. Brazil came in secnd, with 9 hurs and 29 minutes, fllwed by Thailand, Clmbia and Indnesia.
There are many reasns fr these high numbers. Snia Livingstne, a prfessr(教授)at the Lndn Schl f Ecnmics and Plitical Science, said, “Many peple wrk nline. Mre and mre jbs, like driving fr Uber, need the use f an app.”
1.Accrding t the reprt, peple in use the Internet the least.
A.PhilippinesB.Japan
C.BrazilD.China
2.Accrding t the reprt, hw many cuntries are belw the average time in using the Internet?
A.3. B.4. C.5. D.6.
3.Hw much time des a Brazilian spend a day nline in 2018 accrding t the reprt?
A.6h 42m. B.9h 11m. C.9h 29m. D.5h 52m.
4.What is the main reasn fr the high number f Internet users accrding t Snia Livingstne?
A.Wrking.B.Studying.
C.Playing games.D.Travelling.
5.The writer wants t tell us .
A.the Internet habits f sme cuntries
B.different time in different cuntries
C.the number f Internet users in sme cuntries
D.the reasns fr the high number f Internet users
答案
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由右边的图示可知,日本人花在上网的时间最少。
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,平均上网时间为6小时42分,对比右边图示,低于该时间的有3个国家。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由右边图示第二行可知,巴西的平均上网时间为9 h 29 m。
【答案】A
【解析】由第三段第二句可知,人们上网的主要原因是工作。
5.【答案】A 【解析】主旨大意题。由文章第一句可知,本文讲述了不同国家人们的不同上网习惯。
三
We usually think that plants always stay quiet and never speak. Grass desn’t cry when yu cut it;flwers dn’t shut when they’re picked. But this view f the wrld culdn’t be mre wrng. Plants talk t each ther all the time. Their language is ne f chemicals.
Over the years, scientists have fund that different types f plants, frm trees t tmates, send cmpunds(复合物)int the air t help neighbring plants. But exactly hw plants receive and act n many f these signals is still a mystery.
Scientists frm Kyt University in Japan lked at tmat plants that had been bitten by insects. T start ut, they grew plants in tw plastic bags cnnected by a tube(管子). One plant had been bitten by insects. The ther was nt bitten.
They fund that when insects bite plant leaves, the plants dn’t sit quietly. They send a chemical called“hexvic”int the air. Humans can’t ntice it, but the chemical carrys a smell that neighbring plants can ntice. This way, neighbring plants realize the danger and begin t give ff mre “hexvic” t prtect themselves.
The same scientists cntinued their research by placing insects n the plants that had nt been bitten. The plants were able t kill nearly 50 percent f the invaders, much mre than their neighbr.
“It was surprising that the plants that had nt been bitten didn’t send the chemical until they received a warning message frm their infested(受侵的)neighbr,” the scientists said. These findings culd be used t help farmers with the cntrl f the insects which d harm t their plants.
1. When bitten by insects, the tmat plants .
A.stayed quiet withut ding anythingB.died immediately after that
C.sent ut a chemical t warn thersD.wuldn’t be hurt again by the same insects
2.What des the underlined wrd “invaders”in Paragraph 5 refer t?
A.Scientists.B.Insects.
C.Cmpunds.D.Farmers.
3.What can we learn frm the research?
A.Tmat plants are easily bitten by insects.B.The smell f “hexvic” is a kind f warning message.
C.“Hexvic” can help plants kill all the insects near them.D.Plants wn’t give ff chemicals until they are hurt.
4.Which f the fllwing is True accrding t the passage?
A.Plants dn’t cmmunicate with each ther.
B.Scientists did the research with tw plants bitten by insects.
C.The findings f the research help farmers t prtect their plants.
D.Cmmunicatin amng plants is n lnger a mystery.
5.What’s the best title f the passage?
A.Grwing TmatesB.Talking Plants
C.Harmful ChemicalsD.Scientific Researches
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由第四段内容可知,植物被昆虫咬后,会向空气中发送一种化学物质来警告其他植物。
【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。画线词的前一句提到:科学家将昆虫投放在没被咬的植物上,植物可以杀死将近百分之五十的入侵者。即指投放的昆虫。
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由第四段最后两句可知,“hexvic”的气味是一种警告信号。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由文章最后一句可以得出答案。
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。由文章第一段最后两句及全文内容可知,文章主要讲述的是植物通过一种化学物质交谈。
四
Every year, students frm all walks f life have the chance t take part in the Scripps Natinal Spelling Bee, ne f the natin’s ldest and mst ppular cmpetitins.
What is yur guerdn fr studying spelling? If yu’re Sameer Mishra, the winner in 2008, knwing hw t spell “guerdn” means yu can get the schlarships(奖学金), the cash(现金)prizes, and the title f the best speller in the United States.
This cmpetitin has challenged students since 1925. Students under the age f 15 train year-rund fr a chance t shw their spelling skills t the wrld. Rund 1 f the spelling bee is a written test. All ther runds are ral(口头的) cmpetitins. In the final runds, spellers have ne chance t spell a wrd crrectly befre yu fail in the cmpetitin. It’s an event that requires a lt f cnfidence.
1. Which final wrd did Sukanya Ry spell crrectly in 2011?
A.Cymtrichus.B.Guetapens.
C.Knaidel.D.Feuilletn.
2.Wh can cmpete in the Scripps Natinal Spelling Bee?
A.Jack, 14 years ld.B.Kelly, 16 years ld.
C.Tny, 18 years ld.D.Cathy, 20 years ld.
3.Which student wn the cmpetitin by spelling the wrd “marcain”?
A.Vanya Shivashankar.B.Nihar Saireddy Janga.
C.Ananya Vinay.D.Karthik Nemmani.
4.What d the students d in Rund 1?
A.Win schlarships.B.Get cash prizes.
C.Take a written test.D.Have ral cmpetitins.
5.Which is TRUE abut the Scripps Natinal Spelling Bee?
A.It has begun since 2008.
B.It is a ppular spelling cmpetitin.
C.The winning wrd was cnfidence.
D.The winner in 2010 was Kavya Shivashankar.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由表格的第五行(2011)可知,Sukanya Ry拼对的最后一个单词是cymtrichus。
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知,15岁以下的学生可以参加比赛。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由表格倒数第二行可知答案。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第三句可知,比赛第一阶段是笔试。
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知B项正确。
五
In Octber 2018, parents were shcked t find that an internatinal schl in Shanghai had fd safety prblems. They fund fd prblems in the schl’s kitchen. They were s angry that they reprted it t the law enfrcement ffice immediately. After fully examined, mldy tmates and nins were fund and the headmaster was fired.
Parents acrss China have becme increasingly wrried abut fd safety in schls, accrding t The Beijing News.
Teenagers need t eat nutritius (营养的)fd when they’re grwing up t be healthy adults. Therefre, it is necessary fr schl dining halls t prvide healthy fd. With this in mind, the gvernment has intrduced a new fd safety regulatin(规定)that will imprve nutritin and health standards in schls.
The regulatin was carried ut n April 1. It requires the headmasters t eat with students in the dining halls. Schls will als be required t make infrmatin abut fd surces and suppliers public.
The regulatin als suggests that parents shuld eat with students at schl in rder t prvide advice n fd safety and nutritin. Schls must find ut fd safety prblems and slve them right away.
“If a schl is caught buying lw-quality fd r failing t reprt fd safety incidents(事件), the headmasters will be warned, fired r handed ver t law enfrcement,” the regulatin says.
1.Wh intrduced the new fd safety regulatin?
A.The gvernment. B.Parents.
C.Headmasters.D.China Daily.
2.What des the underlined wrd “mldy” mean in Chinese?
A.破旧的B.发霉的
C.乏味的D.无聊的
3.Hw d schls carry ut the new regulatin?
A.By building mre than ne dining hall.
B.By imprving the cnditins f their dining halls.
C.By allwing teachers and students t eat tgether.
D.By shwing the public where their fd cmes frm.
4.What d we knw frm Paragraph 5?
A.Fd safety prblems can be easily slved.
B.Teenagers shuld g hme t eat meals every day.
C.Parents are wrried abut fd safety in schls.
D. Parents shuld play a part in imprving fd safety in schls.
5.What is the passage mainly abut?
A.Students’ eating habits.B.Schl headmasters.
C.Fd safety in schls.D.Parent-teacher relatinship.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句可知答案。
【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。此处表示发霉的西红柿和洋葱被找到,故选B。
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“make infrmatin abut fd surces and suppliers public”可知,要公示食品来源。故选D。
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。由本段的内容可知,家长应该多关注学校食品安全。
【答案】C
【解析】 主旨大意题。由文章的主要内容可知,本文谈论的是学校食品安全。
六
1.What’s the purpse f the cmpetitin?
A.T send a pht.B.T design a bkmark.
C.T win statinery.D.T celebrate the Wrld Bk Day.
2.Hw many tips abut designing are there in the text?
A.One. B.Tw. C.Three. D.Fur.
3.T take part in the cmpetitin, yu shuld .
A.mail yur bkmark t STABILOB.take a pht f the statinery
C.send yur entry t The Week JunirD.design the bkmark after April 20th
4.Yu can get mre infrmatin n STABILO .
A.by emailB.by letter
C.n the phneD.n the website
5.The text is prbably a .
A.pemB.pster
C.reprtD.stry
1.【答案】D
【解析】 细节理解题。由海报第二行可知答案。
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由海报Tp Tips中的四点(带图点)可知有四条提示。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由海报倒数第三行可知答案。
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由海报最后一行的网址可知,可以在网页上获得更多信息。
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由文章的格式及内容可知,这是一张海报。
七
A hare was very ppular with the ther animals wh all said they were her friends. But ne day she heard the hunds (猎犬) getting clse and hped t escape them with the help f her many friends. S, she went t the hrse, and asked him t carry her away frm the hunds n his back. But he refused, because he had imprtant wrk t d fr his master. He felt sure that all her ther friends wuld cme t help her.
She then came t the bull, and hped that he wuld repel the hunds with his hrns (角). The bull replied, “I am very srry, but I have an appintment with a lady; but I feel sure that ur friend the gat will d what yu want.” The gat, hwever, feared that his back might d her sme harm if he tk her upn it. The sheep, he felt sure, was the prper friend t ask fr help.
S she went t the sheep and tld him the situatin. The sheep replied, “Anther time, my dear friend. I d nt like t have anything t d with it, as hunds have been knwn t eat sheep as well as hares.”
The hare then went, as a last hpe, t the calf(小牛), wh regretted that he was unable t help her, as he did nt like t take the respnsibility(责任)upn himself, as s many lder persns than himself had refused the task. By this time the hunds were quite near, and the hare tk t her heels and luckily escaped.
1.What d we knw abut the hare?
A.She was strng enugh t face all the dangers.
B.She was friendly and all animals lved t help her.
C.She was ready t help ther animals when necessary.
D.She gt alng well with ther animals and had a lt f friends.
2.What happened t the hare ne day?
A.The hrse carried her away n his back.
B.Her enemy came near and she was in danger.
C.She had an argument with her friend, the bull.
D.The gat hurt her when taking her upn his back.
3.What des the underlined wrd “repel” mean in Chinese?
A.击退B.厌恶C.排斥D.拒绝
4.What d yu think f the sheep?
A.Helpless.B.Brave.
C.Friendly.D.Smart.
5.What des the stry want t tell us?
A.Dn’t judge a bk by its cver.
B.One’s mind wrks fast in time f danger.
C.Smetimes enemies can becme gd friends.
D.Having t many friends means n friends smetimes.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。从A hare was very ppular with the ther animals wh all said they were her friends. 可知,兔子有许多朋友。
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。从ne day she heard the hunds getting clse可知,兔子听到猎犬就要来了, 她将会有危险。
【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。从第二段第一句可猜测出答案, 兔子找到了牛, 希望他用牛角“击退”猎犬。
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。从第三段可知,绵羊不愿意惹事, 也怕被猎犬吃掉, 因此可以判断他是无能为力的。
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。从故事内容可以看出, 兔子虽然朋友很多, 但是关键时刻没有任何人愿意帮助她, 所以朋友并不是越多越好。
八
1.What’s the main tpic f the 2018 China beautiful cuntryside turism activities?
A.Ship sailing.B.Natural bathing.
C.Spring flwer.D.Histry recrd.
2.The number f China’s red turism in 2017 is .
A.smaller than that f 2016B.larger than that f 2016
C.the same as that f 2018D.larger than that f 2018
3.What’s the shape f Shipaiyang?
A.Like tw ships.B.Like tw fishes.
C.Like ne twer.D.Like ne muntain.
4.What’s Text 3 abut?
A.Cuntryside turism.B.Red turism.
C.Island turism.D.Frest turism.
5.Where are the three texts prbably taken frm?
A.A traffic map.B.A shpping website.
C.A medical reprt.D.A travelling magazine.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由第一段第一句中的with “spring flwer” as the main tpic可知答案选C。
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第一句The number f China’s “red turism” was almst three times in the first half f 2017, as cmpared with the same perid in 2016.可知答案选B。
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第二句中的is shaped like tw large ships sailing n the sea可知答案选A。
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。第三段介绍了平潭的海岛旅行,故选C。
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。这三段短文都是关于旅游的,故应当是来自旅游杂志。
Year
Winning Wrd
Champin
2008
guerdn
Sameer Mishra
2009
ladicean
Kavya Shivashankar
2010
strmuhr
Anamika Veeramani
2011
cymtrichus
Sukanya Ry
2012
guetapens
Snigdha Nandipui
2013
knaidel
Arvind Mahankali
2014
feuilletn
Ansun Suje
2015
scherenschnitt
Vanya Shivashankar
2016
gesellschaft
Nihar Saireddy Janga
2017
marcain
Ananya Vinay
2018
kinnia
Karthik Nemmani
Text 1
China started the 2018 China beautiful cuntryside turism activities in April, with “spring flwer” as the main tpic. 56 places f interest and 60 natinal demnstratin cunties(示范县) have been intrduced n this cnference.
Text 2
The number f China’s “red turism” was almst three times in the first half f 2017, as cmpared with the same perid in 2016. Meanwhile, an increasing number f yung peple are visiting such places, with thse brn in the 1980s, the 1990s and the 2000s.
Text 3
Pingtan is famus fr its island turism. Shipaiyang, ne f the greatest natural wnders in Pingtan, is shaped like tw large ships sailing n the sea. Facing east, Lngfengtu Beach is the largest natural bathing beach in China.