2021学年Unit 5 Music学案

这是一份2021学年Unit 5 Music学案，共7页。学案主要包含了过去分词作表语，过去分词作状语，过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别等内容，欢迎下载使用。


观察并完成下列课文原句
1. Brn (brn) in the USA n 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University f Nevada in 1988.
2. Mved (mve) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing clr fr the first time. ”
3. Inspired (inspire), he asked his fans t make vides, which he then jined tgether int ne perfrmance.
一、过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词作表语主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
*(2020·浙江高考) After a lng run, yu may feel like yu ’re in pain, yu may feel tired.
跑一大段距离后, 你或许会感到疼痛, 疲惫。
*(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn.
詹尼弗现在结婚了, 并且有了三个孩子。
2. “get + 过去分词”也能用于被动结构和系表结构, 用于被动结构时, 它强调动作的发生; 用于系表结构时, 它强调状态的变化。
*(2020·浙江高考)I culdn ’t quite believe my luck—it turned ut n ne gt badly hurt.
我简直不敢相信我的运气——没有一个人严重受伤。
过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时, 强调主语所处的状态; 而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 强调动作。
*The library is nw clsed.
图书馆现在关闭了。(状态)
*The cup was brken by my little sister yesterday.
昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。(动作)
3. 有些过去分词作表语时, 相当于形容词, 且大部分已转化为形容词, 常见的有: delighted, disappinted, discuraged, drunk, amused, astnished, interested, crwded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, wrried, excited, married, puzzled等。
*(2020· 天津高考)Fr peple wh are interested in sund, the field f sund technlgy is definitely making nise. 对于那些对声音感兴趣的人来说, 声音技术行业(领域)肯定就是在制造噪音。
*I am delighted t hear that yu will cme t China and jin me in cmmunity service.
我很高兴听说你将要来中国, 加入我的社区服务。
充当形容词的动词-ing形式和过去分词的区别: 动词-ing形式一般具有主动意义, 表示“起某种作用”, 多用于说明事物本身的性质、特征及给人的感觉, 常译为“令人……的”; 过去分词一般具有被动意义, 表示“受某种影响”, 多用于形容人的感觉, 常译为“感到……的”。
*We were all encuraged at the encuraging news that COVID-19 had been under cntrl.
我们对于新冠肺炎疫情已经得到控制这个令人鼓舞的消息感到备受鼓舞。
单句语法填空
(1)The stry they heard ver the radi was very mving (mve).
(2)Please remain seated (seat); the winner f the prize will be annunced sn.
(3)He lked disappinted (disappint) when he heard the news.
(4)He returned and fund the dr remained lcked (lck).
(5)He gt injured (injure) in the accident and was sent t the hspital immediately.
二、过去分词作状语
过去分词在句中能作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。过去分词在句中作状语时, 可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步等。
1. 原因状语
*Trubled by the great incnvenience, the ld man decided t remve the muntains which blcked the way.
被这一巨大的不便所困扰, 老人决定把挡路的大山移走。
2. 时间状语
*When asked why they skip breakfast, sme students say they think f breakfast as the least imprtant meal f the day. 当被问及为什么不吃早餐时, 一些学生说他们认为早餐是一天当中最不重要的一顿饭。
3. 条件状语
*Given enugh time and prper guidance, the by is sure t make prgress in study. 如果给予足够的时间和适当的指导, 这个孩子在学习上一定会取得进步。
4. 方式或伴随状语
*(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)As requested, we began t pick strawberries with cautin fr fear that sme plants were destryed.
按照要求的那样, 我们开始小心地摘草莓, 以免破坏植株。
*Faced with the present situatin, yu shuld respnd actively t it.
面对目前的处境, 你应该积极做出反应。
5. 让步状语
过去分词作状语, 表示时间、原因、条件、让步时可转换为相应的状语从句; 表示方式、结果和伴随时可转化为并列分句。
*Given a lt f mney, he lived a better life.
→After he was given a lt f mney, he lived a better life.
给他许多钱后, 他的日子过得好多了。
*The film star gt ff the train, surrunded by her fans.
→The film star gt ff the train and she was surrunded by her fans.
那位电影明星走下火车, 被她的“粉丝”团团围住。
三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
1. 逻辑关系
过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的最主要区别在于: 两者与所修饰的句子主语之间的逻辑关系的区别。
(1)过去分词作状语时, 过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
*Supprted by my parents, I applied t jin the schl track team.
得到爸妈的支持, 我申请加入校田径队。
(2)现在分词作状语时, 现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
*Thinking f this, he felt a little cmfrtable because he culd d smething t make up fr his mistake.
想起这件事, 他感觉有点舒服, 因为他可以做点事情弥补自己的错误。
(3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构, 作状语时不表示“被动关系”, 其前不用being。常见的这种过去分词及短语有: lst in(陷入某种状态)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、lst/absrbed(沉溺于)、 brn in(出生于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired f(厌烦了)等。
*Brn in a music-lving family, I learned t play the pian as a child.
出生于一个热爱音乐的家庭, 我小时候就学会了弹钢琴。
2. 时间概念
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前, 或表示“一种状态”, 与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式(ding)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行。
*Written in a hurry, this article was nt s gd.
因为写得匆忙, 这篇文章不是很好。
*Reading carefully, he fund smething he hadn ’t knwn befre.
他仔细读书时, 发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
【巧学助记】 分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语, 主语是关键。
前后两动作, 共用一主语。
主语找出后, 再来判关系。
主动用-ing, 被动用-ed。
【知识延伸】
独立主格结构
非谓语动词作状语时, 它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语, 我们称之为独立主格结构, 在句中作状语。
独立主格结构的特点: ①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不同, 它独立存在; ②独立主格结构中作主语的名词或代词与后面的分词或不定式是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系; ③独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子隔开。
独立主格结构的构成: ①名词/代词+分词; ②名词/代词+不定式; ③with/withut+名词/代词+分词/不定式。
*The test finished(=When the test was finished), we began ur hliday.
考试结束后, 我们就开始放假了。
*The president assassinated(=Because the president was assassinated), the whle cuntry was in deep srrw.
总统被暗杀了, 全国上下都沉浸在悲痛之中。
*Weather permitting(=If the weather permits), we are ging t visit yu tmrrw.
如果天气允许, 我们明天去看你。
*I std befre her with my heart beating fast.
我站在她面前, 心跳得很快。
单句语法填空
(1)Althugh built (build) befre the war, the engine is still in perfect rder.
(2) Surprised (surprise) at what happened, Tm didn ’t knw what t d.
(3) Seen (see) frm here, the picture appears beautiful indeed.
(4) Asked (ask) fr his views abut his teaching jb, Philip said he fund it very interesting and rewarding.
(5)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Everyne was silent, waiting (wait) t see wh wuld be called upn t read his r her paragraph alud.
(6)When given (give) a medical examinatin, yu shuld keep calm.
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Edited (edit) by three language experts, it has been ppular with the readers ever since it came ut tw years ag.
2. Tny is really amusing and tells jkes when he thinks we ’re getting bred (bre).
3. Filled (fill) with pride, we are lking frward t the next activity.
4. He std there silently, mved (mve) t tears.
5. Attracted (attract) by the beautiful sight, I culdn ’t wait t g utside with my camera.
6. Thugh defeated (defeat) many times, the man didn ’t lse heart.
7. Based (base) n what yu knw abut me, please give me sme persnal suggestins.
8. Given (give) mre attentin, the tree culd have grwn better.
9. Prfessr Wang will give us a lecture abut the histry f Chinese tea, fllwed (fllw) by a perfrmance f Chinese tea shw.
10. As we jined the big crwd I gt lst (lse) frm my friends.
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. Because yu are interested in Peking Opera, yu are sure t enjy this exhibitin.
→Interested in Peking Opera, yu are sure t enjy this exhibitin.
2. If they are given enugh water and sunlight, the plants will grw t three metres.
→Given enugh water and sunlight, the plants will grw t three metres.
3. When all wrk was finished, he had time t have a gd rest.
→All wrk finished, he had time t have a gd rest.
4. When they heard the bell, the students began t enter the classrm.
→Hearing the bell, the students began t enter the classrm.
5. As they were influenced by the warm-hearted wrker ’s example, the cuple did cuntless gd deeds.
→Influenced by the warm-hearted wrker ’s example, the cuple did cuntless gd deeds.
6. Mr Li was deeply mved, and thanked the kids again and again.
→Mr Li, deeply mved, thanked the kids again and again.
7. When yu are faced with sme tugh prblems, yu might cnsider asking yur teachers fr help.
→Faced with sme tugh prblems, yu might cnsider asking yur teachers fr help.
根据汉语提示, 用本单元的语法完成下列句子, 并组成一篇连贯的短文。
1. 随着新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的扩散, 很多人担心会感染(infect)新冠肺炎。(be/get dne)
2. 然而在中国, 无数医生和研究人员努力工作, 旨在控制新冠肺炎疫情(pandemic)。(aimed t d)
3. 受到他们的鼓舞, 我们对未来充满了信心。
4. 面对这种形势, 作为一名高中生, 我们应该努力学习。
With COVID-19 spreading, many peple were wrried that they might get infected this virus. Hwever, in China there were many dctrs and researchers wrking hard, aimed t put the COVID-19 pandemic under cntrl. Inspired by them, we were cnfident f ur future. Faced with this situatin, as a senir student, we shuld study hard.