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高中Unit 1 Cultural Heritage导学案
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这是一份高中Unit 1 Cultural Heritage导学案，共19页。学案主要包含了句式解构，要点拾遗，情境应用等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Reading for Writing
Ⅰ. 必备单词: 根据提示填写单词
1. have downloaded that free app 已经下载了免费app
2. the United Republic of Tanzania 坦桑尼亚联合共和国
3. the process of building 建造的过程
4. from overseas 从国外
5. an exit of the house 房子的一个出口
6. complete the fact sheet 完成这张事实清单
7. the Xuanyuan Mirror 轩辕镜
8. on the roof 在屋顶上
9. sons of the Chinese dragon 中国龙的儿子们
10. through digital images 通过数字影像
11. the Mogao Caves 莫高窟
12. throughout China ’s ancient history 贯穿中国古代史
13. to further educate people 进一步教育人们
14. the researcher ’s opinion 研究人员的看法
15. direct quote 直接引语
16. show comparison and/or contrast 表现比较和/或对比
17. identify the following 确认下列事物
18. last forever 永远持续下去
19. a professional archaeologist一位专业的考古学家→the medical profession(n. )医疗专业
20. the entrance to the Great Pyramid 金字塔的入口→enter(vt. ) the room进入房间
21. forgive me for asking请原谅我问个问题→pray for forgiveness(n. )乞求原谅
22. China ’s ancient traditions 中国古代传统→Chinese traditional (adj. ) culture中国传统文化
23. historic and cultural relics 历史和文化遗迹→have a long history(n. )有着悠久历史→an important historical(adj. ) figure一位重要历史人物
Ⅱ. 必备短语: 英汉双译
1. all over the world 世界各地
2. work together 共同合作
3. work on 从事于
4. beg one ’s pardon 乞求某人原谅; 请再说一遍
5. tell right from wrong 辨别是非
Ⅲ. 必备句式: 翻译课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. Nearly 500, 000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994.
自1994年国际项目开始以来, 已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
2. Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.
如今, 这些洞穴与人们在丝绸之路上跋涉时一样国际化。
3. As one researcher who is working on the project explains, “Appreciating one ’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself. . . ”
正如该项目的一位研究人员所解释的那样: “欣赏自己的文化遗产对于了解自己非常重要……”
4. Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.
欣赏其他国家的文化遗产对于国际交流和理解是非常重要的。
关于文化遗产保护的新闻报道
框架宏观建构: 整体理解
1. The structure of the news report.
Headline—(1)Promote culture through digital images
Date—9 August 2017
Place—Lanzhou
Body of the report—Activity—recording and collecting (2)digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves
Ending—educate people to (3)appreciate the cultural heritage.
2. What writing techniques are used in this news report?
Direct quote and background introduction.
文本微观剖析: 特色表达
Write down useful sentences about protecting cultural heritage from the news report.
1. A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China ’s ancient cultural heritage.
2. The Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people to admire in America.
3. By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China ’s ancient history, culture, and traditions.
Ⅰ. 话题特点
新闻报道是记叙文的一种, 其特点是以事实为依据, 对人的经历或事实给予明确的、实事求是的报道。时态一般用过去时。
1. 标题是新闻的题目, 是对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括和提炼。
2. 首段或第一句往往为全文的中心句(topic sentence), 因此这个句子中主要讲清事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)和人物(who)。
3. 中段要补充事件的过程和细节, 往往包括目的或原因(why)和具体过程(how)等。写作过程中要保持事件的真实性、准确性、及时性, 语言要准确、简练、通俗易懂。
4. 尾段要谈对事件或活动的认识或评价。
Ⅱ. 话题词汇
1. civilization 文明
2. traditional 传统的
3. unique 独特的
4. date back to/date from 追溯到
5. pass down 传递
6. the symbol of ……的象征
7. take effective measures 采取有效的措施
8. with the help of 在……帮助下
9. think highly of 对……评价高
10. make great contributions to 对……做出巨大的贡献
11. have a great effect/influence/impact on 对……有大的影响
12. The World Heritage List 世界遗产名录
Ⅲ. 话题句式
1. Cultural relics represent historic cultures.
文化遗产代表了历史文化。
2. Cultural heritage is a symbol of great ancient civilization.
文化遗产是伟大的古代文明的象征。
3. I believe we can certainly protect cultural heritage well with the public and the government working together.
我相信在公众和政府的共同努力下, 我们一定能够保护好文化遗产。
4. With their efforts, more and more people become concerned about protecting cultural relics.
在他们的努力下, 越来越多的人关心保护文化遗产。
下面是一个对陈磊的简单采访纪录:
陈磊, 武汉某高中教师; 给古建筑拍照, 想保护文化遗产; 采访老人, 写关于遗产的历史故事; 访问学校并给学生讲遗产保护及其意义。
请根据以上信息, 以“A picture is worth a thousand words”为题写一篇介绍陈磊保护文化遗产的事迹的新闻报道。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 可适当增加细节; 3. 开头和结尾都已经给出, 不计入总词数。
A picture is worth a thousand words
Chen Lei is a senior teacher who takes photos of old buildings in Wuhan in order to preserve the city ’s cultural heritage.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei ’s photos can help us remember them and let us further realize the importance of protecting cultural heritage.
完成句子
1. 陈磊每天带着他的相机, 耐心地穿梭于城市的老城区。
Every day, Chen Lei takes his camera and walks patiently through the older parts of the city.
2. 多年来, 他拍摄了数千张老建筑的照片, 无论是现在还是将来, 都为他的同胞们创造了一个纪录。
Over the years he has taken thousands of pictures of old buildings to create a record for his fellow citizens in the present and future.
3. 他的项目的另一个重要部分是对老年居民的采访。
Another important part of his project is the interviews he conducts with elderly residents.
4. 这些故事往往将关于建筑的有趣的历史带入生活, 并让它们在武汉市民的故事中占有一席之地。
Often these stories help to bring the interesting histories of the buildings to life and give them their place in the human stories of Wuhan ’s citizens.
5. 他写的是建筑、居民和把他们编织在一起的故事。
He writes about the buildings, their inhabitants and the stories that weave them together.
6. 他还走访学校, 向学生介绍文化遗产。
He also visits schools to tell students about cultural heritage.
句式升级
7. 用现在分词短语改写句4
Often these stories help to bring the interesting histories of the buildings to life, giving them their place in the human stories of Wuhan ’s citizens.
8. 用not only. . . but also. . . 和倒装句合并句5、句6。
Not only does he write about the buildings, their inhabitants and the stories that weave them together, but he also visits schools to tell about cultural heritage.
A picture is worth a thousand words
Chen Lei is a senior teacher who takes photos of old buildings in Wuhan in order to preserve the city ’s cultural heritage.
Every day, Chen Lei takes his camera and walks patiently through the older parts of the city. Over the years he has taken thousands of pictures of old buildings to create a record for his fellow citizens in the present and future. Another important part of his project is the interviews he conducts with elderly residents. Often these stories help to bring the interesting histories of the buildings to life, giving them their place in the human stories of Wuhan ’s citizens. Not only does he write about the buildings, their inhabitants and the stories that weave them together, but he also visits schools to tell about cultural heritage.
Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei ’s photos can help us remember them and let us further realize the importance of protecting cultural heritage.
1. forgive vt. &vi. 原谅; 宽恕 vt. 对不起; 请原谅
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. 原谅自己犯的错误。
(1)forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事
forgive sb. ’s doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
(2)forgiveness n. 原谅; 宽恕
①I hope you can forgive me for not keeping my word.
我希望你能原谅我没有遵守诺言。
②I sincerely apologized to him, but he wouldn ’t forgive me.
我真诚地向他道歉, 但是他不肯原谅我。
③They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness.
他们因他们的粗鲁行为而向亨利说抱歉, 并请求他的原谅。
Forgive others whenever you can. 得饶人处且饶人。
(启示我们能原谅别人时, 就宽宏大量一些。)
2. quality n. 质量; 品质; 素质; 特征 adj. 优质的; 高质量的
(教材原句)Nearly 500, 000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. 自1994年国际项目开始以来, 已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
of good/poor quality 质量好/次
in quality 在质量方面
①I think that you can ’t be forgiven for the poor quality of your food and service.
我认为你们低劣的食物和服务不可饶恕。
②It is reported that a number of films of high quality will be shown next year.
据报道, 明年将有大量高品质的电影上映。
③The potatoes are good in quality, with reasonable price and popular among the local people.
这些土豆质量很好, 价格合适, 在当地很受欢迎。
3. opinion n. 意见; 想法; 看法
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn ’t reaching the top. 在我看来, 攀登乞力马扎罗山最好的经历不是到达顶峰。
in one ’s opinion=in the opinion of sb. 在某人看来
have an opinion on 在……方面有看法
hold the opinion that. . . 认为……; 持有……看法
①In his opinion, whether I can win the competition or not doesn ’t matter as long as I try my best. 在他看来, 只要我尽我最大努力了, 我是否能赢得比赛并不重要。
②All students who have an opinion on the activity are welcome to join in the discussion.
欢迎对这个活动有看法的学生参加这个讨论。
③They hold the opinion that taking tonics will cause them to put on weight.
他们认为吃补品会导致他们体重增加。
4. comparison n. 比较; 相比
(经典例句)Through comparison, you will get a better understanding of traditional Chinese values and beliefs.
通过对比, 你将会更好地了解中国传统的价值观和信念。
(1)by comparison (尤用于句首)比较起来, 较之
in comparison with 和……相比
(2)compare vt. 比较, 对比
compare. . . to/with 和……相比
compare. . . to 把……比作
①(2019·江苏高考) By comparison, the brains of apes require only 8% of rest-time energy.
比较起来, 类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。
②Living in the country is cheaper, in comparison with the big cities. 与大都市相比, 在乡村生活较便宜。
③The reason why you feel these feelings is that you tend to compare yourself with your friends. 你有这些感觉的原因是你倾向于把你自己与你的朋友相比较。
④If compared to a bamboo, one is usually considered to be strong-willed and modest. 如果被比作竹子, 一个人通常被认为是有坚强的意志, 并且很谦逊的。
5. Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. 如今, 这些洞穴和人们在丝绸之路上跋涉时一样国际化。
【句式解构】
本句是一个复合句。句中含有一个when引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词time。句中as. . . as. . . 意为“和……一样……”。
(1)as. . . as sb. /sth. 和某人或某物一样……
(2)as. . . as 像/和……一样
(3)as . . . as possible 尽可能……地
(4)as+adj. +a/an+名词+as. . . 和……一样……的……
①(2020·江苏高考)For in-person humor, quality isn ’t as important as you might think.
对于面对面的幽默, 质量并不像你想象的那么重要。
②The smile on her face was as beautiful as an angel ’s.
她脸上的笑容如天使般美丽。
③I will serve as a guide to offer you as much help as I can, so please don ’t worry about language.
我将担任导游为你提供尽可能多的帮助, 因此不用担心语言问题。
【要点拾遗】
1. contrast n. & vt. 对比; 对照
(经典例句)There is an obvious contrast between the cultures of East and West.
东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。
(1)contrast A with B 比较A和B
(2)in contrast to/with 与……比较起来/形成对比
(3)in contrast 比较起来; 与此相反
(4)by contrast 相比之下; 与之相比
①If you contrast some of her early writing with her later
work, you can see just how much she improved.
如果你把她的早期作品和后来的作品做一下对比, 你可以看到她提高了很多。
②In contrast to/with the sadness of the tomb sweep, people also enjoy the hope of Spring on this day.
与扫墓的悲伤相反, 人们也在这个日子怀揣着春的希望。
③By contrast, e-books look like a kind of fast food culture which lacks depth.
相比之下, 电子书看起来像一种快餐文化, 缺乏深度。
2. identify vt. 确认; 认出; 找到; 识别; 把……看成
(经典例句)This app helps you use the camera to identify color in time.
这个应用程序可以帮助你使用相机及时识别颜色。
(1)identify. . . with. . . 把……等同于……
identify A as B 把A看作B; 认为A是B
identify with sb. 认同某人; 与某人产生共鸣
(2)identification n. 鉴定, 识别; 身份证明
(3)identity n. 身份; 一致
Identity Card 身份证
①She would only play a role if she could identify with the character.
她只愿扮演自己认同的人物角色。
②(2019·天津高考)After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who identified the lady as Erin Smith.
我在网上分享了这个故事后收到一个人的回复, 他认出这位女士是Erin Smith。
③You must collect the mail in person and take along some form of indentification.
你必须亲自去取邮件, 并带上某种身份证明。
Project: Learn about intangible cultural heritage
Ⅰ. 话题素材积累
1. Paper cutting剪纸
Traditional paper cutting is also called “Window blossoms” because they were first put on windows for decoration.
传统的剪纸也叫做“窗花”, 因为它们最初就是贴在窗户上作为装饰用的。
2. Peking Opera京剧
Peking opera, which dates back to the Qing Dynasty, is seen as China ’s national opera and has a history of more than 200 years.
京剧被看作是中国国粹, 可追溯到清朝, 拥有200多年历史。
3. Shadow Puppets皮影
Shadow puppet plays are a traditional folk art, the origin of which can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty.
皮影戏是一种传统的民间艺术, 它的起源可以追溯到西汉。
4. Chinese calligraphy中国书法
Chinese calligraphy, the art of beautiful handwriting, has developed over many centuries and has a long history. The four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and inkstone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy.
中国书法, 一种美丽的书写艺术, 已经发展很多个世纪, 拥有着悠久的历史。“文房四宝”——笔墨纸砚是学习中国书法的基本。
Ⅱ. 话题写作赏练
假定你是李华, 你的美国笔友Tom来信向你了解京剧的有关情况。请你用英语给他写一封回信, 内容包括:
1. 京剧是中国的国粹;
2. 京剧有两百多年的历史;
3. 在国内外享有盛誉。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I ’m very happy to receive your letter. I ’m writing to have a brief introduction of Peking Opera(简要介绍京剧) in response to your request.
First of all, Peking Opera plays an important role in Chinese culture(在中国文化中起着重要作用) and it ’s widely accepted that Peking Opera is considered as China ’s national opera(被认为是中国国粹). In addition, Peking Opera, which dates back to the Qing Dynasty(追溯到清朝), has a history of more than 200 years. More importantly, it enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad(在国内外享有盛誉).
I strongly suggest that you come to China and enjoy Peking Opera, which will help you have a better understanding of Chinese culture(更好地了解中国文化).
I ’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions (观点)on what to learn in senior high school.
2. The news that he was admitted into a famous university spread quickly throughout(遍及) the small village.
3. I had the time of my life and wished I could stay there forever(永远).
4. The activity is aimed at presenting the new image(形象) of China and helping people learn more about her.
5. As far as I know, the digital(数字的) camera in our shop is of high quality.
6. During the summer holiday, I went on a tour of Tibet, known as “the roof(屋脊) of the world”.
7. There are a lot of beautiful and historic(历史的) places in Xi ’an.
8. Passengers were asked to identify(确认) their own suitcases before they were put on the plane.
9. The plan to expand the company overseas(海外) was a complete failure.
10. I sat at a table, explaining every step of the process(过程) while making tea.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Please forgive me for not being able to attend your birthday party.
2. John and his grandfather saw us off at the village entrance(enter).
3. This restaurant has various dishes of high quality as well as top services.
4. I encourage you to come to China for further(far) education for the following reasons.
5. Depending on their professional(profession) skills, they quickly prevented the fire from spreading.
6. The Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most popular traditional(tradition) festivals celebrated in China.
7. Derksen enjoyed a street snack, which was paid by using apps downloaded(download) to his smartphone.
8. It is an interesting novel and is excellent beyond comparison(compare).
9. Ham, sausage and other processed (process) meats can lead to cancer, according to a report.
10. If you want to live as healthily(health) as I do, you ’d better take regular exercises every day.
单
词
1. former adj. 以前的; (两者中)前者的
2. clue n. 线索; 提示
3. preserve vt. 保存; 保护; 维持n. 保护区
4. proposal n. 提议; 建议
5. protest n. 抗议vi. & vt. (公开)反对; 抗议
6. committee n. 委员会
7. establish vt. 建立; 创立
8. prevent vt. 阻止; 阻碍; 阻挠
9. loss n. 丧失; 损失
10. department n. 部; 司; 科
11. fund n. 基金; 专款
12. within prep. & adv. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
13. attempt n. & vt. 企图; 试图; 尝试
14. worthwhile adj. 值得做的; 值得花时间的
15. mount n. 山峰 vt. 爬上; 骑上vi. 爬; 登上
16. document n. 文件; 公文; (计算机)文档
vt. 记录; 记载(详情)
17. download vt. 下载 n. 下载; 已下载的数据资料
18. republic n. 共和国
19. process n. 过程; 进程; 步骤 vt. 处理; 加工
20. overseas adj. 海外的 adv. 在海外
21. forgive vt. &vi. (forgave, forgiven)原谅; 宽恕vt. 对不起; 请原谅
22. quality n. 质量; 品质; 素质; 特征 adj. 优质的; 高质量的
23. further adv. (far的比较级)更远; 进一步
24. opinion n. 意见; 想法; 看法
25. contrast n. 对比; 对照 vt. 对比; 对照
26. identify vt. 确认; 认出; 找到
27. create vt. 创造; 创作→ creation n. 创造; 产品→ creative adj. 创造性的; 有创造力的; 有创意的→ creatively adv. 创造性地; 有创造力地→ creativity n. 创造性; 创造力
28. promote vt. 促进; 提升; 推销; 晋级→promotion n. 提升, 晋升
29. apply v. 应用; 适用; 申请→ application n. 申请(表); 用途; 运用; 应用(程序)→applicant n. 申请人; 求职者
30. balance n. 平衡; 均匀vt. 使平衡→ balanced adj. 平衡的, 均衡的
31. likely adj. 可能的adv. 可能地→ unlikely adj. 不可能的
32. limit n. 限度; 限制 vt. 限制; 限定→ limited adj. 有限的→limitation n. 范围; 限制
33. contribute vi. & vt. 捐献; 捐助→ contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠
34. investigate vi. &vt. 调查; 研究→investigation n. 调查
35. conduct n. 行为; 举止; 管理方法 vt. 组织; 安排; 带领→ conductor n. (公车)售票员; 列车员; (乐队)指挥
36. donate vt. (尤指向慈善机构)捐赠; 赠送; 献(血)→ donation n. 捐赠→ donator n. 捐赠者
37. disappear vi. 消失; 灭绝; 消亡→ disappearance n. 消失; 灭绝; 消亡
38. profession n. 行业, 职业→ professional adj. 专业的; 职业的 n. 专业人员; 职业选手
39. enter vi. 进入→ entrance n. 入口; 进入
40. tradition n. 传统; 传统的信仰或风俗→ traditional adj. 传统的
41. history n. 历史→historic adj. 历史上著名(或重要)的; 有史时期的
42. compare vt. 比较, 比喻→ comparison n. 比较; 相比
短
语
1. take part in 参与(某事); 参加(某活动)
2. give way to 让步; 屈服
3. keep balance 保持平衡
4. lead to 导致
5. make a proposal 提出建议
6. turn to 向……求助; 致力于; 翻到(书的某页); 转向
7. prevent. . . from. . . 阻止; 不准
8. donate. . . to. . . 向……捐赠……
9. make sure 确保; 设法保证
10. all over the world 全世界
11. work together 共同合作
12. work on 从事于
13. beg one ’s pardon 乞求某人原谅
14. tell right from wrong 辨别是非
句
式
结
构
1. when引导定语从句
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new(新旧更替的时代), and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
2. not only. . . but (also). . . 引导并列成分, 位于句首部分倒装
Not only had the countries found a path to the future (这些国家不仅找到了一条通向未来之路) that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
3. as引导非限制性定语从句
As one researcher who is working on the project explains(正如该项目的一位研究人员所解释的那样), “Appreciating one ’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself. . . ”
4. as+形容词/副词原级+as
Today, the caves are just as international as they were(这些洞穴与它们之前一样具有国际性) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.
5. 动词-ing形式作主语
Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries(欣赏其他国家的文化遗产) is very important for international communication and understanding.
Gone with the Wind(excerpt Ⅰ)
Margaret Mitchell
ELLEN O ’HARA was thirty-two years old, and, according to the standards of her day, she was a middle-aged woman, one who had borne six children and buried three. She was a tall woman, standing a head higher than her fiery little husband, but she moved with such quiet grace in her swaying hoops that the height attracted no attention to itself. Her neck, rising from the black taffeta sheath of her basque, was creamy-skinned, rounded and slender, and it seemed always tilted slightly backward by the weight of her luxuriant hair in its net at the back of her head. From her French mother, whose parents had fled Haiti in the Revolution of 1791, had come her slanting dark eyes, shadowed by inky lashes, and her black hair; and from her father, a soldier of Napoleon, she had her long straight nose and her square-cut jaw that was softened by the gentle curving of her cheeks. But only from life could Ellen ’s face have acquired its look of pride that had no haughtiness, its graciousness, its melancholy and its utter lack of humor.
She would have been a strikingly beautiful woman had there been any glow in her eyes, any responsive warmth in her smile or any spontaneity in her voice that fell with gentle melody on the ears of her family and her servants. She spoke in the soft slurring voice of the coastal Georgian, liquid of vowels, kind to consonants and with the barest trace of French accent. It was a voice never raised in command to a servant or reproof to a child but a voice that was obeyed instantly at Tara, where her husband ’s blustering and roaring were quietly disregarded.
As far back as Scarlett could remember, her mother had always been the same, her voice soft and sweet whether in praising or in reproving, her manner efficient and unruffled despite the daily emergencies of Gerald ’s turbulent household, her spirit always calm and her back unbowed, even in the deaths of her three baby sons. Scarlett had never seen her mother ’s back touch the back of any chair on which she sat. Nor had she ever seen her sit down without a bit of needlework in her hands, except at mealtime, while attending the sick or while working at the bookkeeping of the plantation.
It was delicate embroidery if company were present, but at other times her hands were occupied with Gerald ’s ruffled shirts, the girls ’ dresses or garments for the slaves. Scarlett could not imagine her mother ’s hands without her gold thimble or her rustling figure unaccompanied by the small negro girl whose sole function in life was to remove basting threads and carry the rosewood sewing box from room to room, as Ellen moved about the house superintending the cooking, the cleaning and the wholesale clothes-making for the plantation.
导语: 《飘》是美国作家玛格丽特·米切尔创作的长篇小说, 该作1937年获得普利策文学奖。小说以亚特兰大以及附近的一个种植园为故事场景, 描绘了内战前后美国南方人的生活。本片段摘自《飘》第三章, 作者在本章开篇生动地描写了女主人公母亲的相貌、性格等。
1. taffeta n. 塔夫绸
2. luxuriant adj. 华丽的; 茂盛的
3. melancholy n. 犹豫; 悲伤
4. consonant n. 辅音; 辅音字母
文章开篇有很多词汇(creamy-skinned, rounded, slender luxuriant hair等)描述了女主人公母亲的精致的相貌。其他关于人物面容描写的词汇有:
一、脸型(face): round圆的; thin瘦的; long长的; square方的
二、头发(hair):
(1)发型(hair style): straight直的; curly卷发的; pigtail辫子; bald秃顶的
(2)发色(hair color): jet-black乌黑的; fair浅色的; blonde浅黄色的; golden金色的; dyed染色的; brunette浅黑色的; mousy暗灰褐色的
三、眼睛(eye): deep-set深陷的; sunken凹陷的; bulging/protruding凸出的; eyelash睫毛; eyebrow眉毛
【情境应用】
1. She eats too much these days , so her face is getting round.
她最近吃得太多了, 所以她的脸变圆了。
2. Her hair is brown and curly.
她的头发是棕色而卷曲的。
3. His eyes are deep-set because he has worked till midnight for a long time.
他的眼睛深陷, 因为他这段时间经常工作到午夜。
名著译文:
《飘》(节选1)
玛格丽特·米切尔
爱伦·奥哈拉现年32岁, 依当时的标准已是个中年妇人, 她生有六个孩子, 但其中三个已经夭折。她高高的, 比那位火爆性子的矮个子丈夫高出一头, 不过她的举止是那么文静, 走起路来只见那条长裙轻盈地摇摆, 这样也就不显得怎么高了。她那奶酪色的脖颈圆圆的, 细细的, 从紧身上衣的黑绸圆领中端端正正地伸出来, 但由于脑后那把戴着网套的丰盈秀发颇为浓重, 便常常显得略向后仰。她母亲是法国人, 是一对从1791年革命中逃亡到海地来的夫妇所生, 她给爱伦遗传了这双在墨黑睫毛下略略倾斜的黑眼睛和这一头黑发。她父亲是拿破仑军队中的一名士兵, 传给她一个长长的、笔直的鼻子和一个有棱有角的方颚, 只不过后者在她两颊的柔美曲线的调和下显得不那么惹眼了。同时爱伦的脸也仅仅通过生活才形成了现在这副庄严而并不觉得傲慢的模样, 这种优雅, 这种忧郁而毫无幽默感的神态。
如果她的眼神中有一点焕发的光彩, 她的笑容中带有一点殷勤的温煦, 她那使儿女和仆人听来感到轻柔的声音中有一点自然的韵味, 那她便是一个非常漂亮的女人了。她说话用的是海滨佐治亚人那种柔和而有点含糊的口音, 元音是流音, 子音咬得不怎么准, 略略带法语腔调。这是一种即使命令仆人或斥责儿女时也从不提高的声音, 但也是在塔拉农场人人都随时服从的声音, 而她的丈夫的大喊大叫在那里却经常被悄悄地忽略了。
从斯嘉丽记得的最早时候起, 她母亲便一直是这个样子, 她的声音, 无论在称赞或者责备别人时, 总是那么柔和而甜蜜; 她的态度, 尽管杰拉尔德在纷纷扰扰的家事中经常要出点乱子, 却始终是那么沉着, 应付自如; 她的精神总是平静的, 脊背总是挺直的, 甚至在她的三个幼儿夭折时也是这样。斯嘉丽从没见过母亲坐着时将背靠在椅子背上, 也从没见过她手里不拿点针线活便坐下来(除了吃饭), 即使是陪伴病人或审核农场账目的时候。
在有客人在场时, 她手里是精巧的刺绣, 别的时候则是缝制杰拉尔德的衬衫、女孩子的衣裳或农奴们的衣服。斯嘉丽很难想象母亲手上不戴那个金顶针, 或者她那一路沙沙作响的身影后面没有那个黑女孩, 后者一生中唯一的任务是给她拆绷线, 以及当爱伦为了检查烹饪、洗涤和大批的缝纫活而在满屋子四处跑动时, 捧着那个红木针线盒从一个房间走到另一个房间。
Reading for Writing
Ⅰ. 必备单词: 根据提示填写单词
1. have downloaded that free app 已经下载了免费app
2. the United Republic of Tanzania 坦桑尼亚联合共和国
3. the process of building 建造的过程
4. from overseas 从国外
5. an exit of the house 房子的一个出口
6. complete the fact sheet 完成这张事实清单
7. the Xuanyuan Mirror 轩辕镜
8. on the roof 在屋顶上
9. sons of the Chinese dragon 中国龙的儿子们
10. through digital images 通过数字影像
11. the Mogao Caves 莫高窟
12. throughout China ’s ancient history 贯穿中国古代史
13. to further educate people 进一步教育人们
14. the researcher ’s opinion 研究人员的看法
15. direct quote 直接引语
16. show comparison and/or contrast 表现比较和/或对比
17. identify the following 确认下列事物
18. last forever 永远持续下去
19. a professional archaeologist一位专业的考古学家→the medical profession(n. )医疗专业
20. the entrance to the Great Pyramid 金字塔的入口→enter(vt. ) the room进入房间
21. forgive me for asking请原谅我问个问题→pray for forgiveness(n. )乞求原谅
22. China ’s ancient traditions 中国古代传统→Chinese traditional (adj. ) culture中国传统文化
23. historic and cultural relics 历史和文化遗迹→have a long history(n. )有着悠久历史→an important historical(adj. ) figure一位重要历史人物
Ⅱ. 必备短语: 英汉双译
1. all over the world 世界各地
2. work together 共同合作
3. work on 从事于
4. beg one ’s pardon 乞求某人原谅; 请再说一遍
5. tell right from wrong 辨别是非
Ⅲ. 必备句式: 翻译课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. Nearly 500, 000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994.
自1994年国际项目开始以来, 已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
2. Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.
如今, 这些洞穴与人们在丝绸之路上跋涉时一样国际化。
3. As one researcher who is working on the project explains, “Appreciating one ’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself. . . ”
正如该项目的一位研究人员所解释的那样: “欣赏自己的文化遗产对于了解自己非常重要……”
4. Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.
欣赏其他国家的文化遗产对于国际交流和理解是非常重要的。
关于文化遗产保护的新闻报道
框架宏观建构: 整体理解
1. The structure of the news report.
Headline—(1)Promote culture through digital images
Date—9 August 2017
Place—Lanzhou
Body of the report—Activity—recording and collecting (2)digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves
Ending—educate people to (3)appreciate the cultural heritage.
2. What writing techniques are used in this news report?
Direct quote and background introduction.
文本微观剖析: 特色表达
Write down useful sentences about protecting cultural heritage from the news report.
1. A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China ’s ancient cultural heritage.
2. The Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people to admire in America.
3. By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China ’s ancient history, culture, and traditions.
Ⅰ. 话题特点
新闻报道是记叙文的一种, 其特点是以事实为依据, 对人的经历或事实给予明确的、实事求是的报道。时态一般用过去时。
1. 标题是新闻的题目, 是对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括和提炼。
2. 首段或第一句往往为全文的中心句(topic sentence), 因此这个句子中主要讲清事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)和人物(who)。
3. 中段要补充事件的过程和细节, 往往包括目的或原因(why)和具体过程(how)等。写作过程中要保持事件的真实性、准确性、及时性, 语言要准确、简练、通俗易懂。
4. 尾段要谈对事件或活动的认识或评价。
Ⅱ. 话题词汇
1. civilization 文明
2. traditional 传统的
3. unique 独特的
4. date back to/date from 追溯到
5. pass down 传递
6. the symbol of ……的象征
7. take effective measures 采取有效的措施
8. with the help of 在……帮助下
9. think highly of 对……评价高
10. make great contributions to 对……做出巨大的贡献
11. have a great effect/influence/impact on 对……有大的影响
12. The World Heritage List 世界遗产名录
Ⅲ. 话题句式
1. Cultural relics represent historic cultures.
文化遗产代表了历史文化。
2. Cultural heritage is a symbol of great ancient civilization.
文化遗产是伟大的古代文明的象征。
3. I believe we can certainly protect cultural heritage well with the public and the government working together.
我相信在公众和政府的共同努力下, 我们一定能够保护好文化遗产。
4. With their efforts, more and more people become concerned about protecting cultural relics.
在他们的努力下, 越来越多的人关心保护文化遗产。
下面是一个对陈磊的简单采访纪录:
陈磊, 武汉某高中教师; 给古建筑拍照, 想保护文化遗产; 采访老人, 写关于遗产的历史故事; 访问学校并给学生讲遗产保护及其意义。
请根据以上信息, 以“A picture is worth a thousand words”为题写一篇介绍陈磊保护文化遗产的事迹的新闻报道。
注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 可适当增加细节; 3. 开头和结尾都已经给出, 不计入总词数。
A picture is worth a thousand words
Chen Lei is a senior teacher who takes photos of old buildings in Wuhan in order to preserve the city ’s cultural heritage.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei ’s photos can help us remember them and let us further realize the importance of protecting cultural heritage.
完成句子
1. 陈磊每天带着他的相机, 耐心地穿梭于城市的老城区。
Every day, Chen Lei takes his camera and walks patiently through the older parts of the city.
2. 多年来, 他拍摄了数千张老建筑的照片, 无论是现在还是将来, 都为他的同胞们创造了一个纪录。
Over the years he has taken thousands of pictures of old buildings to create a record for his fellow citizens in the present and future.
3. 他的项目的另一个重要部分是对老年居民的采访。
Another important part of his project is the interviews he conducts with elderly residents.
4. 这些故事往往将关于建筑的有趣的历史带入生活, 并让它们在武汉市民的故事中占有一席之地。
Often these stories help to bring the interesting histories of the buildings to life and give them their place in the human stories of Wuhan ’s citizens.
5. 他写的是建筑、居民和把他们编织在一起的故事。
He writes about the buildings, their inhabitants and the stories that weave them together.
6. 他还走访学校, 向学生介绍文化遗产。
He also visits schools to tell students about cultural heritage.
句式升级
7. 用现在分词短语改写句4
Often these stories help to bring the interesting histories of the buildings to life, giving them their place in the human stories of Wuhan ’s citizens.
8. 用not only. . . but also. . . 和倒装句合并句5、句6。
Not only does he write about the buildings, their inhabitants and the stories that weave them together, but he also visits schools to tell about cultural heritage.
A picture is worth a thousand words
Chen Lei is a senior teacher who takes photos of old buildings in Wuhan in order to preserve the city ’s cultural heritage.
Every day, Chen Lei takes his camera and walks patiently through the older parts of the city. Over the years he has taken thousands of pictures of old buildings to create a record for his fellow citizens in the present and future. Another important part of his project is the interviews he conducts with elderly residents. Often these stories help to bring the interesting histories of the buildings to life, giving them their place in the human stories of Wuhan ’s citizens. Not only does he write about the buildings, their inhabitants and the stories that weave them together, but he also visits schools to tell about cultural heritage.
Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei ’s photos can help us remember them and let us further realize the importance of protecting cultural heritage.
1. forgive vt. &vi. 原谅; 宽恕 vt. 对不起; 请原谅
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. 原谅自己犯的错误。
(1)forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事
forgive sb. ’s doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
(2)forgiveness n. 原谅; 宽恕
①I hope you can forgive me for not keeping my word.
我希望你能原谅我没有遵守诺言。
②I sincerely apologized to him, but he wouldn ’t forgive me.
我真诚地向他道歉, 但是他不肯原谅我。
③They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness.
他们因他们的粗鲁行为而向亨利说抱歉, 并请求他的原谅。
Forgive others whenever you can. 得饶人处且饶人。
(启示我们能原谅别人时, 就宽宏大量一些。)
2. quality n. 质量; 品质; 素质; 特征 adj. 优质的; 高质量的
(教材原句)Nearly 500, 000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. 自1994年国际项目开始以来, 已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。
of good/poor quality 质量好/次
in quality 在质量方面
①I think that you can ’t be forgiven for the poor quality of your food and service.
我认为你们低劣的食物和服务不可饶恕。
②It is reported that a number of films of high quality will be shown next year.
据报道, 明年将有大量高品质的电影上映。
③The potatoes are good in quality, with reasonable price and popular among the local people.
这些土豆质量很好, 价格合适, 在当地很受欢迎。
3. opinion n. 意见; 想法; 看法
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn ’t reaching the top. 在我看来, 攀登乞力马扎罗山最好的经历不是到达顶峰。
in one ’s opinion=in the opinion of sb. 在某人看来
have an opinion on 在……方面有看法
hold the opinion that. . . 认为……; 持有……看法
①In his opinion, whether I can win the competition or not doesn ’t matter as long as I try my best. 在他看来, 只要我尽我最大努力了, 我是否能赢得比赛并不重要。
②All students who have an opinion on the activity are welcome to join in the discussion.
欢迎对这个活动有看法的学生参加这个讨论。
③They hold the opinion that taking tonics will cause them to put on weight.
他们认为吃补品会导致他们体重增加。
4. comparison n. 比较; 相比
(经典例句)Through comparison, you will get a better understanding of traditional Chinese values and beliefs.
通过对比, 你将会更好地了解中国传统的价值观和信念。
(1)by comparison (尤用于句首)比较起来, 较之
in comparison with 和……相比
(2)compare vt. 比较, 对比
compare. . . to/with 和……相比
compare. . . to 把……比作
①(2019·江苏高考) By comparison, the brains of apes require only 8% of rest-time energy.
比较起来, 类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。
②Living in the country is cheaper, in comparison with the big cities. 与大都市相比, 在乡村生活较便宜。
③The reason why you feel these feelings is that you tend to compare yourself with your friends. 你有这些感觉的原因是你倾向于把你自己与你的朋友相比较。
④If compared to a bamboo, one is usually considered to be strong-willed and modest. 如果被比作竹子, 一个人通常被认为是有坚强的意志, 并且很谦逊的。
5. Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. 如今, 这些洞穴和人们在丝绸之路上跋涉时一样国际化。
【句式解构】
本句是一个复合句。句中含有一个when引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词time。句中as. . . as. . . 意为“和……一样……”。
(1)as. . . as sb. /sth. 和某人或某物一样……
(2)as. . . as 像/和……一样
(3)as . . . as possible 尽可能……地
(4)as+adj. +a/an+名词+as. . . 和……一样……的……
①(2020·江苏高考)For in-person humor, quality isn ’t as important as you might think.
对于面对面的幽默, 质量并不像你想象的那么重要。
②The smile on her face was as beautiful as an angel ’s.
她脸上的笑容如天使般美丽。
③I will serve as a guide to offer you as much help as I can, so please don ’t worry about language.
我将担任导游为你提供尽可能多的帮助, 因此不用担心语言问题。
【要点拾遗】
1. contrast n. & vt. 对比; 对照
(经典例句)There is an obvious contrast between the cultures of East and West.
东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。
(1)contrast A with B 比较A和B
(2)in contrast to/with 与……比较起来/形成对比
(3)in contrast 比较起来; 与此相反
(4)by contrast 相比之下; 与之相比
①If you contrast some of her early writing with her later
work, you can see just how much she improved.
如果你把她的早期作品和后来的作品做一下对比, 你可以看到她提高了很多。
②In contrast to/with the sadness of the tomb sweep, people also enjoy the hope of Spring on this day.
与扫墓的悲伤相反, 人们也在这个日子怀揣着春的希望。
③By contrast, e-books look like a kind of fast food culture which lacks depth.
相比之下, 电子书看起来像一种快餐文化, 缺乏深度。
2. identify vt. 确认; 认出; 找到; 识别; 把……看成
(经典例句)This app helps you use the camera to identify color in time.
这个应用程序可以帮助你使用相机及时识别颜色。
(1)identify. . . with. . . 把……等同于……
identify A as B 把A看作B; 认为A是B
identify with sb. 认同某人; 与某人产生共鸣
(2)identification n. 鉴定, 识别; 身份证明
(3)identity n. 身份; 一致
Identity Card 身份证
①She would only play a role if she could identify with the character.
她只愿扮演自己认同的人物角色。
②(2019·天津高考)After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who identified the lady as Erin Smith.
我在网上分享了这个故事后收到一个人的回复, 他认出这位女士是Erin Smith。
③You must collect the mail in person and take along some form of indentification.
你必须亲自去取邮件, 并带上某种身份证明。
Project: Learn about intangible cultural heritage
Ⅰ. 话题素材积累
1. Paper cutting剪纸
Traditional paper cutting is also called “Window blossoms” because they were first put on windows for decoration.
传统的剪纸也叫做“窗花”, 因为它们最初就是贴在窗户上作为装饰用的。
2. Peking Opera京剧
Peking opera, which dates back to the Qing Dynasty, is seen as China ’s national opera and has a history of more than 200 years.
京剧被看作是中国国粹, 可追溯到清朝, 拥有200多年历史。
3. Shadow Puppets皮影
Shadow puppet plays are a traditional folk art, the origin of which can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty.
皮影戏是一种传统的民间艺术, 它的起源可以追溯到西汉。
4. Chinese calligraphy中国书法
Chinese calligraphy, the art of beautiful handwriting, has developed over many centuries and has a long history. The four treasures of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and inkstone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy.
中国书法, 一种美丽的书写艺术, 已经发展很多个世纪, 拥有着悠久的历史。“文房四宝”——笔墨纸砚是学习中国书法的基本。
Ⅱ. 话题写作赏练
假定你是李华, 你的美国笔友Tom来信向你了解京剧的有关情况。请你用英语给他写一封回信, 内容包括:
1. 京剧是中国的国粹;
2. 京剧有两百多年的历史;
3. 在国内外享有盛誉。
注意: 1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I ’m very happy to receive your letter. I ’m writing to have a brief introduction of Peking Opera(简要介绍京剧) in response to your request.
First of all, Peking Opera plays an important role in Chinese culture(在中国文化中起着重要作用) and it ’s widely accepted that Peking Opera is considered as China ’s national opera(被认为是中国国粹). In addition, Peking Opera, which dates back to the Qing Dynasty(追溯到清朝), has a history of more than 200 years. More importantly, it enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad(在国内外享有盛誉).
I strongly suggest that you come to China and enjoy Peking Opera, which will help you have a better understanding of Chinese culture(更好地了解中国文化).
I ’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions (观点)on what to learn in senior high school.
2. The news that he was admitted into a famous university spread quickly throughout(遍及) the small village.
3. I had the time of my life and wished I could stay there forever(永远).
4. The activity is aimed at presenting the new image(形象) of China and helping people learn more about her.
5. As far as I know, the digital(数字的) camera in our shop is of high quality.
6. During the summer holiday, I went on a tour of Tibet, known as “the roof(屋脊) of the world”.
7. There are a lot of beautiful and historic(历史的) places in Xi ’an.
8. Passengers were asked to identify(确认) their own suitcases before they were put on the plane.
9. The plan to expand the company overseas(海外) was a complete failure.
10. I sat at a table, explaining every step of the process(过程) while making tea.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Please forgive me for not being able to attend your birthday party.
2. John and his grandfather saw us off at the village entrance(enter).
3. This restaurant has various dishes of high quality as well as top services.
4. I encourage you to come to China for further(far) education for the following reasons.
5. Depending on their professional(profession) skills, they quickly prevented the fire from spreading.
6. The Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most popular traditional(tradition) festivals celebrated in China.
7. Derksen enjoyed a street snack, which was paid by using apps downloaded(download) to his smartphone.
8. It is an interesting novel and is excellent beyond comparison(compare).
9. Ham, sausage and other processed (process) meats can lead to cancer, according to a report.
10. If you want to live as healthily(health) as I do, you ’d better take regular exercises every day.
单
词
1. former adj. 以前的; (两者中)前者的
2. clue n. 线索; 提示
3. preserve vt. 保存; 保护; 维持n. 保护区
4. proposal n. 提议; 建议
5. protest n. 抗议vi. & vt. (公开)反对; 抗议
6. committee n. 委员会
7. establish vt. 建立; 创立
8. prevent vt. 阻止; 阻碍; 阻挠
9. loss n. 丧失; 损失
10. department n. 部; 司; 科
11. fund n. 基金; 专款
12. within prep. & adv. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
13. attempt n. & vt. 企图; 试图; 尝试
14. worthwhile adj. 值得做的; 值得花时间的
15. mount n. 山峰 vt. 爬上; 骑上vi. 爬; 登上
16. document n. 文件; 公文; (计算机)文档
vt. 记录; 记载(详情)
17. download vt. 下载 n. 下载; 已下载的数据资料
18. republic n. 共和国
19. process n. 过程; 进程; 步骤 vt. 处理; 加工
20. overseas adj. 海外的 adv. 在海外
21. forgive vt. &vi. (forgave, forgiven)原谅; 宽恕vt. 对不起; 请原谅
22. quality n. 质量; 品质; 素质; 特征 adj. 优质的; 高质量的
23. further adv. (far的比较级)更远; 进一步
24. opinion n. 意见; 想法; 看法
25. contrast n. 对比; 对照 vt. 对比; 对照
26. identify vt. 确认; 认出; 找到
27. create vt. 创造; 创作→ creation n. 创造; 产品→ creative adj. 创造性的; 有创造力的; 有创意的→ creatively adv. 创造性地; 有创造力地→ creativity n. 创造性; 创造力
28. promote vt. 促进; 提升; 推销; 晋级→promotion n. 提升, 晋升
29. apply v. 应用; 适用; 申请→ application n. 申请(表); 用途; 运用; 应用(程序)→applicant n. 申请人; 求职者
30. balance n. 平衡; 均匀vt. 使平衡→ balanced adj. 平衡的, 均衡的
31. likely adj. 可能的adv. 可能地→ unlikely adj. 不可能的
32. limit n. 限度; 限制 vt. 限制; 限定→ limited adj. 有限的→limitation n. 范围; 限制
33. contribute vi. & vt. 捐献; 捐助→ contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠
34. investigate vi. &vt. 调查; 研究→investigation n. 调查
35. conduct n. 行为; 举止; 管理方法 vt. 组织; 安排; 带领→ conductor n. (公车)售票员; 列车员; (乐队)指挥
36. donate vt. (尤指向慈善机构)捐赠; 赠送; 献(血)→ donation n. 捐赠→ donator n. 捐赠者
37. disappear vi. 消失; 灭绝; 消亡→ disappearance n. 消失; 灭绝; 消亡
38. profession n. 行业, 职业→ professional adj. 专业的; 职业的 n. 专业人员; 职业选手
39. enter vi. 进入→ entrance n. 入口; 进入
40. tradition n. 传统; 传统的信仰或风俗→ traditional adj. 传统的
41. history n. 历史→historic adj. 历史上著名(或重要)的; 有史时期的
42. compare vt. 比较, 比喻→ comparison n. 比较; 相比
短
语
1. take part in 参与(某事); 参加(某活动)
2. give way to 让步; 屈服
3. keep balance 保持平衡
4. lead to 导致
5. make a proposal 提出建议
6. turn to 向……求助; 致力于; 翻到(书的某页); 转向
7. prevent. . . from. . . 阻止; 不准
8. donate. . . to. . . 向……捐赠……
9. make sure 确保; 设法保证
10. all over the world 全世界
11. work together 共同合作
12. work on 从事于
13. beg one ’s pardon 乞求某人原谅
14. tell right from wrong 辨别是非
句
式
结
构
1. when引导定语从句
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new(新旧更替的时代), and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
2. not only. . . but (also). . . 引导并列成分, 位于句首部分倒装
Not only had the countries found a path to the future (这些国家不仅找到了一条通向未来之路) that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
3. as引导非限制性定语从句
As one researcher who is working on the project explains(正如该项目的一位研究人员所解释的那样), “Appreciating one ’s own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself. . . ”
4. as+形容词/副词原级+as
Today, the caves are just as international as they were(这些洞穴与它们之前一样具有国际性) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.
5. 动词-ing形式作主语
Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries(欣赏其他国家的文化遗产) is very important for international communication and understanding.
Gone with the Wind(excerpt Ⅰ)
Margaret Mitchell
ELLEN O ’HARA was thirty-two years old, and, according to the standards of her day, she was a middle-aged woman, one who had borne six children and buried three. She was a tall woman, standing a head higher than her fiery little husband, but she moved with such quiet grace in her swaying hoops that the height attracted no attention to itself. Her neck, rising from the black taffeta sheath of her basque, was creamy-skinned, rounded and slender, and it seemed always tilted slightly backward by the weight of her luxuriant hair in its net at the back of her head. From her French mother, whose parents had fled Haiti in the Revolution of 1791, had come her slanting dark eyes, shadowed by inky lashes, and her black hair; and from her father, a soldier of Napoleon, she had her long straight nose and her square-cut jaw that was softened by the gentle curving of her cheeks. But only from life could Ellen ’s face have acquired its look of pride that had no haughtiness, its graciousness, its melancholy and its utter lack of humor.
She would have been a strikingly beautiful woman had there been any glow in her eyes, any responsive warmth in her smile or any spontaneity in her voice that fell with gentle melody on the ears of her family and her servants. She spoke in the soft slurring voice of the coastal Georgian, liquid of vowels, kind to consonants and with the barest trace of French accent. It was a voice never raised in command to a servant or reproof to a child but a voice that was obeyed instantly at Tara, where her husband ’s blustering and roaring were quietly disregarded.
As far back as Scarlett could remember, her mother had always been the same, her voice soft and sweet whether in praising or in reproving, her manner efficient and unruffled despite the daily emergencies of Gerald ’s turbulent household, her spirit always calm and her back unbowed, even in the deaths of her three baby sons. Scarlett had never seen her mother ’s back touch the back of any chair on which she sat. Nor had she ever seen her sit down without a bit of needlework in her hands, except at mealtime, while attending the sick or while working at the bookkeeping of the plantation.
It was delicate embroidery if company were present, but at other times her hands were occupied with Gerald ’s ruffled shirts, the girls ’ dresses or garments for the slaves. Scarlett could not imagine her mother ’s hands without her gold thimble or her rustling figure unaccompanied by the small negro girl whose sole function in life was to remove basting threads and carry the rosewood sewing box from room to room, as Ellen moved about the house superintending the cooking, the cleaning and the wholesale clothes-making for the plantation.
导语: 《飘》是美国作家玛格丽特·米切尔创作的长篇小说, 该作1937年获得普利策文学奖。小说以亚特兰大以及附近的一个种植园为故事场景, 描绘了内战前后美国南方人的生活。本片段摘自《飘》第三章, 作者在本章开篇生动地描写了女主人公母亲的相貌、性格等。
1. taffeta n. 塔夫绸
2. luxuriant adj. 华丽的; 茂盛的
3. melancholy n. 犹豫; 悲伤
4. consonant n. 辅音; 辅音字母
文章开篇有很多词汇(creamy-skinned, rounded, slender luxuriant hair等)描述了女主人公母亲的精致的相貌。其他关于人物面容描写的词汇有:
一、脸型(face): round圆的; thin瘦的; long长的; square方的
二、头发(hair):
(1)发型(hair style): straight直的; curly卷发的; pigtail辫子; bald秃顶的
(2)发色(hair color): jet-black乌黑的; fair浅色的; blonde浅黄色的; golden金色的; dyed染色的; brunette浅黑色的; mousy暗灰褐色的
三、眼睛(eye): deep-set深陷的; sunken凹陷的; bulging/protruding凸出的; eyelash睫毛; eyebrow眉毛
【情境应用】
1. She eats too much these days , so her face is getting round.
她最近吃得太多了, 所以她的脸变圆了。
2. Her hair is brown and curly.
她的头发是棕色而卷曲的。
3. His eyes are deep-set because he has worked till midnight for a long time.
他的眼睛深陷, 因为他这段时间经常工作到午夜。
名著译文:
《飘》(节选1)
玛格丽特·米切尔
爱伦·奥哈拉现年32岁, 依当时的标准已是个中年妇人, 她生有六个孩子, 但其中三个已经夭折。她高高的, 比那位火爆性子的矮个子丈夫高出一头, 不过她的举止是那么文静, 走起路来只见那条长裙轻盈地摇摆, 这样也就不显得怎么高了。她那奶酪色的脖颈圆圆的, 细细的, 从紧身上衣的黑绸圆领中端端正正地伸出来, 但由于脑后那把戴着网套的丰盈秀发颇为浓重, 便常常显得略向后仰。她母亲是法国人, 是一对从1791年革命中逃亡到海地来的夫妇所生, 她给爱伦遗传了这双在墨黑睫毛下略略倾斜的黑眼睛和这一头黑发。她父亲是拿破仑军队中的一名士兵, 传给她一个长长的、笔直的鼻子和一个有棱有角的方颚, 只不过后者在她两颊的柔美曲线的调和下显得不那么惹眼了。同时爱伦的脸也仅仅通过生活才形成了现在这副庄严而并不觉得傲慢的模样, 这种优雅, 这种忧郁而毫无幽默感的神态。
如果她的眼神中有一点焕发的光彩, 她的笑容中带有一点殷勤的温煦, 她那使儿女和仆人听来感到轻柔的声音中有一点自然的韵味, 那她便是一个非常漂亮的女人了。她说话用的是海滨佐治亚人那种柔和而有点含糊的口音, 元音是流音, 子音咬得不怎么准, 略略带法语腔调。这是一种即使命令仆人或斥责儿女时也从不提高的声音, 但也是在塔拉农场人人都随时服从的声音, 而她的丈夫的大喊大叫在那里却经常被悄悄地忽略了。
从斯嘉丽记得的最早时候起, 她母亲便一直是这个样子, 她的声音, 无论在称赞或者责备别人时, 总是那么柔和而甜蜜; 她的态度, 尽管杰拉尔德在纷纷扰扰的家事中经常要出点乱子, 却始终是那么沉着, 应付自如; 她的精神总是平静的, 脊背总是挺直的, 甚至在她的三个幼儿夭折时也是这样。斯嘉丽从没见过母亲坐着时将背靠在椅子背上, 也从没见过她手里不拿点针线活便坐下来(除了吃饭), 即使是陪伴病人或审核农场账目的时候。
在有客人在场时, 她手里是精巧的刺绣, 别的时候则是缝制杰拉尔德的衬衫、女孩子的衣裳或农奴们的衣服。斯嘉丽很难想象母亲手上不戴那个金顶针, 或者她那一路沙沙作响的身影后面没有那个黑女孩, 后者一生中唯一的任务是给她拆绷线, 以及当爱伦为了检查烹饪、洗涤和大批的缝纫活而在满屋子四处跑动时, 捧着那个红木针线盒从一个房间走到另一个房间。
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