主题12 中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练

这是一份主题12 中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练，共13页。
 中考英语重难题型
热点主题时文押题组合练12

001 A阅读理解 中国科学家发现世界上“最害羞的”花
002 B阅读理解 世界上最贵的圣诞丑毛衣
003 C阅读理解 埃及迁都，为开罗减负
004 D任务型阅读 3D打印-继微波炉之后的烹饪新突破！
005 E完形填空 72岁老人为妻子建造旋转房屋
006 F短文填空 广东麦当劳的环保新招儿

A阅读理解
主题：中国科学家发现世界上“最害羞的”花
Chinese scientists have discovered four kinds of Gentiana（龙胆） on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau，whose flowers can close within seconds after being touched, making them the most sensitive（敏感的） flowers in the world, according to a recently published study.
"The flowers disappeared quickly in front of you,” said Dai Can, one of the scientists who led the study. Some people on Chinese social media said the flowers are the “shyest” in the world. The rapid movement of petals （花瓣）has always been interesting to scientists and nature lovers, as unlike animals, plants are usually static.
Leaves of carnivorous （食肉的） plants can react to touch. Before the Gentiana discoveries, the only known plant to display such behavior was the sundew plant （茅 膏草）． Its green leaves can curl up within 2 to 10 minutes after being touched by a fly. It takes between 4 and 6 days for the leaf to digest （消化） the fly it catches.
However, the four kinds of Gentiana take 7 to 210 seconds to close their petals, making them the most sensitive and fast-reacting flowers in the world, the study said.
The flowers were discovered in 2020 near a lake in Nagchu, Tibet Autonomous Region.
The Gentiana's flower could protect itself from repeated visits by bumblebees, which have a large body, the study said.* Another explanation could be that the plant encourages bumblebees to transfer pollen（传播花粉）among a wider range of flowers， since a closed flower would show them that it has already been visited and the bees should look for another flower. Wang Qingfeng, a researcher at Wuhan Botanical Garden, said both should be examined further in future studies.
1 After being touched, the Gentiana can close its flower .
A. in about 10 minutes
B. in more than 2 minutes
C. within 7 to 210 seconds
D. between 4 and 6 days
2 The underlined word “static” in the passage probably means“ .”
A. very beautiful
B. not moving
C. having a short life
D. enjoyable
3 What can we infer from the passage?
A. The plants living in Nagchu can react to touch.
B. The four kinds of Gentiana are endangered plants.
C. The sundew plant is a kind of carnivorous plant.
D. Bumblebees are harmful to the Gentiana's flower.
4 The last paragraph is mainly about___________.
A. how the Gentiana's flower protects itself
B. why the Gentiana's flower closes its petals
C. how the Gentiana's flower encourages bumblebees
D. what Wang Qingfeng thinks of the study
5 What is the best title for the passage?
A. Facts of four kinds of Gentiana
B. Scientists discover the "shyest" flower in the world
C. Flowers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
D. Secrets of carnivorous plants

B阅读理解
主题：世界上最贵的圣诞丑毛衣

Every third Friday of December, people all over the UK wear their ugly Christmas sweaters for National Ugly Sweater Day. This year, you can be the owner of a holiday sweater made from silk, 24-carat gold,
diamonds and Swarovski crystals （施华洛世奇水晶）Aidan Liban, 33, from London, is an artist. He has made a Christmas sweater that sells for $39,654. He says this makes it the “world's most expensive” sweater ever made.
Aidan Liban spent 3,000 hours and more than $9,000 creating the sweater over about a year. He says that the sweater's selling price is so high because of all the hours he spent on nights and weekends to make it by hand.
The front of the sweater shows a reindeer standing in the snow wearing a Santa hat, with stars all over the sweater. The sweater includes more than 150 diamonds used to make stars, as well as almost 2,000 Swarovski crystals.
Aidan says he used all of his savings to pay for the materials. He plans to give some of the money he makes from selling the sweater to the UK's National Health Service, if he's able to find somebody to buy it.
He came up with the idea in 2020 during the lockdown （封锁） and was only able to finish the sweater in November, 2021. His sweater can be worn, but because of the materials it's made from, it can't be washed.
“It is a true piece of art,” Aidan said. “I want it to wow people and break up the doom and gloom （悲观失望） we've been hearing about for the past few years.”
It has become a tradition to wear ugly sweaters at Christmas parties in some parts of the world. The first ugly sweater party took place in 2002 in Vancouver, Canada, to raise money for a friend's cancer treatment.
1 Why does Aidan sell the sweater for $39,654?
A. Because he thinks it's the most expensive sweater in the world.
B. Because he spent a lot of time making it by hand.
C. Because he wants to tell people that he is a famous British artist.
D. Because he spent more than $9,000 on the sweater.
2 Which word can be used to describe Aidan's sweater?
A. Common.
B. Cheap.
C. Eye-catching.
D. Stupid.
3 According to the passage, which of the following pictures is Aidan's sweater?


A B C D
4 The passage is mainly about_________.
A. the traditional activities on National Ugly Sweater Day
B. the world's most expensive ugly Christmas sweater
C. the way to make an ugly Christmas sweater
D. the UK's National Health Service

C阅读理解
主题：埃及迁都，为开罗减负
In the new capital, Egypt's cabinet（内阁）held its first ever meeting in December,2021.“Our meeting today sends a strong and clear message to the world that Egypt is taking vigorous（有力的） steps toward the future in spite of the challenges it faces." Madbouly, now prime minister said.
First announced in March, 2015,the new administrative（行政的） capital is rising out of the desert east of Cairo. This is President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's pet project, which will cost at least $60 billion to give rise to a modern, new city in Egypt to replace the old.
Egypt's new capital is located 45 km east of Cairo on the way to the port city of Suez. It will cover an area of around 700 square kilometers. For scale, the city is expected to be the same in size as the city of Singapore.
Besides the government district, the new city will have a diplomatic（外交的）quarter， and a state-of-the-art culture and arts center， and it will also be a financial （金融的） center of Egypt.＊ President Sisi himself will move there along with all ministries. It will also have the tallest skyscrapers（摩天大楼）in Africa. It uses a smart traffic system, and its public services will be entirely digital. Once completed, the city will have a population of 6.5 million and create more than two million new jobs.
Egypt decided to build the new capital in the desert outside Cairo to deal with the large population in Cairo. The city has been the capital for more than a thousand years. It's quite crowded. The population of Cairo is expected to double in the coming decades.
Egypt is not the only country to move its capital city. Some countries have more
than one capital. For example, South Africa has three and Bolivia（玻利维亚）has two.
1 About Egypt's future, Madbouly felt quite .
A. worried
B. confident
C. painful
D. angry
2 Which of the following is President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's pet project?
A. The development of Cairo.
B. The tallest skyscrapers in Africa.
C. The smart traffic system of Egypt.
D. The new administrative capital.
3 The underlined word “scale” in the passage probably means“ "in Chinese.
A.规模
B.环境
C.财政
D.位置
4 The writer implies（暗示）that the new capital .
A. is harmful to the environment around
B. will attract many people to work there
C. is the industry center of Egypt
D. will be crowded with a large population
5 The second to last paragraph mainly tells us .
A .the place where Egypt builds the new capital
B. the reason for building the new capital
C. the long history of Cairo
D. the large population in Cairo

D任务型阅读
主题：3D打印-继微波炉之后的烹饪新突破！
Australians could soon be 3-D printing entire meals. It could be the biggest breakthrough of cooking since microwave ovens.
Hearty Adventures in Food and Play research lab director Dr Rohit Khot said,“ The technology needed to make printing food will change shopping and eating habits in a way. Food printing, I think, has lots of potential（潜力） for our future. 1 ”
“ 2 It was around the 1970s. After that there hasn't been anything that has actually caught our attention. Printing can change that, because it can allow us to design food digitally.”
Microwave ovens were a big deal when they were invented. 3
Three-dimensional food printers typically use an “ink”-ingredients often in a paste or powder-to print an item or entire dish layer by layer.
Australian researchers have also used 3-D printing to create meats for people who have trouble swallowing（吞）.The pulped（做成浆状的） meat is printed layer by layer， forming a steak-like shape. 4
The new appliance could even allow ingredients to be mixed, printed and baked in the one machine. 5 Then they would be processed into a paste, printed and baked into a cake.
Scientists said food printing would produce large-scale（大批的）food for people as early as 2030
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. Food printing would also be a game changer.
B. That's because it can connect digital with physical.
C.T he technology was exciting and futuristic（极其现代的）.
D. The last major invention that happened around cooking was microwaves.
E. This kind of meat can be more easily eaten.
F. Time-poor bakers could throw eggs, flour and butter into the machine.
G. We've realized everybody's needs are different
1.___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________

E完形填空
主题：72岁老人为妻子建造旋转房屋
A 72-year old man built a house that can rotate（旋转）all the way around.
Vojin Kusic was tired of his wife's“ 1 ”about the view from their home. Then he built a rotating house so that his wife would be able to 2 whatever view she wanted out of the windows.
Vojin Kusic said,“ I design the house in order to 3 my wife so she can watch a rising sun in one moment and passers-by in the next.”
Situated on a plain in northern Bosnia near the town of Srbac, the house was 4 by Mr Kusic, who is self-taught, with a view of farmland as well as forests and the river.
At its slowest speed, it takes 24 hours for the house to rotate a full circle. At its 5 ,it can make a full circle in 22 seconds.
Before this, Kusic had 6 built a non-rotating house for his family. At the time, his wife wanted their bedrooms to face the sun, so Kusic made sure that 7 did. But this meant their living room faced away from the 8 ,and his wife complained that she couldn't see people entering their front yard.'
Kusic started tearing down walls. In order to prevent his wife from changing her mind 9 which way the rooms should face again, he decided to build a house that could rotate, using 10 motors and parts from an old army vehicle. In this way, she wouldn't have to 11 .
Mr Kusic said he was inspired by other 12 .And his poor background had forced him to 13 ways to make things by himself.
He said,“ It only requires will and 14 ,and I had enough time and knowledge.”
The home was 15 built by Mr Kusic himself over the course of six years
1A.experience
B. complaints
C. thoughts
D. arguments
2A.see
B. close
C. draw
D. open
3A.teach
B. worry
C. scare
D. please
4A.bought
B. canceled
C. designed
D. provided
5A.longest
B. fastest
C. closest
D. furthest
6A.seldom
B. almost
C. usually
D. already
7A.they
B. he
C. she
D. it
8A.river
B. farm
C. road
D. forest
9A.from
B. about
C. with
D. among
10A.smooth
B. strange
C. electric
D. musical
11A.believe
B. choose
C. refuse
D. explain
12A.doctors
B. musicians
C. customers
D. inventors
13A.look for
B. take up
C. put off
D. turn down
14A.courage
B. knowledge
C. surprise
D. pressure
15A.normally
B. completely
C. actually
D. recently


F短文填空
主题：广东麦当劳的环保新招儿
Recycle recent burn ride like choose lucky see but many they decide
Have you ever eaten a hamburger at McDonald's? 1 , a video of customers riding exercise bikes while enjoying their meals at a McDonald＇s outlet（经销店） in Guangdong went viral on social media.
The TikTok video that has been doing the rounds online over the past week shows stationary （固定的）bikes being used as seats at McDonald＇s eateries in Guangdong. Made out of 2 plastic，the bikes not only encourage people to start burning calories as they eat, 3 they also allow them to recharge their smartphones with the generated energy.
While McDonald's has done a lot of work to clean its junk food image, it appears one outlet is taking things to a whole new level! Instead of chairs, they have replaced 4 with cycling machines!
In the viral video, customers at McDonald's can be seen 5 a bike as they eat their food. A woman is eating a McDonald's burger while drinking what looks 6 Coca-Cola as she pedals（踩） with her feet on the bike. The man sitting next to the woman can also 7 enjoying his burger as he exercises on another bike.
And tables without stationary bicycles can also be seen in the background. So you have a 8 ! According to McDonald's China, now there are ten such “Green Charging Bikes" at two restaurants
in Guangdong and Shanghai.
However, the exercise bicycles are not 9 calories， but a green initiative （倡议）， as the primary purpose of these bikes is to charge mobile phones. The new initiative focuses on creating products with plastic parts from recycled materials. It is “designed to inspire 10 green behavior as customers enjoy their McDonald's favorites”.
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺（每个词只能用一次，有两个词多余）。
1.____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________
6.____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ____________

答案解析
A阅读理解
中国科学家在青藏高原发现了世界上最敏感的花-龙胆。它们的花瓣被触摸后在数秒钟内就能合拢。龙胆花迅速闭合可以保护自己免受大黄蜂的反复造访，还能“鼓励”大黄蜂在更大范围的花朵间传播花粉。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段的 whose flowers can close within seconds after being touched 和第四段 的the four kinds of Gentiana take 7 to 210 seconds to close their petals 可知，龙胆的花朵被触摸后能在7到210秒内闭合。
2．B 词义猜测题。根据上文 as unlike animals可知，动物是活动的，植物与动物不同，通常是静止的。
3．C 推理判断题。根据第三段的Leaves of carnivorous plants can react to touch..the only known plant to display such behavior was the sundew plant. 可知，食肉植物的叶子可以对触摸做出反应。已知的唯一具有这种行为的植物是茅膏草，由此可推知，茅膏草是食肉植物。
4．B 主旨大意题。最后一段介绍了龙胆花的花瓣能迅速闭合的两个原因：一是保护自己免受大黄蜂的反复造访，二是鼓励大黄蜂在更大范围的花朵间传播花粉。
5．B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国科学家在青藏高原发现了四种龙胆，它们是世界上最敏感的花，它们的花朵被触摸后，最快7秒钟就能合拢。
★难句分析
The Gentiana's flower could protect itself from repeated visits by bumblebees, which have a large body, the study said.该研究称，龙胆的花可以保护自己免受大黄蜂的反复造访，大黄蜂的个头很大。
repeated是形容词，意思是“重复的，反复发生的”；which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 bumblebees是复数，因此从句中谓语用have。
B阅读理解
英国艺术家艾丹·利班用丝绸、24K金、钻石和施华洛世奇水晶制成了一件圣诞丑毛衣，售价为39654美元，是“世界上最贵的”毛衣。在世界上的一些地方，穿丑毛衣参加圣诞派对已经成为一种传统。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第三段的He says that the sweater's selling price is so high because of all the hours he spent on nights and weekends to make it by hand.可知，这件毛衣的售价之所以这么高，是因为艾丹花了很多时间进行手工制作。
2．C 推理判断题。根据第一段的a holiday sweater made from silk, 24-carat gold, diamonds and Swarovski crystals和倒数第二段的I want it to wow people可知，这件毛衣用丝绸、24K金、钻石和施华洛世奇水晶制成，艾丹希望它能惊艳众人，因此这件毛衣是“引人注目的”。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第四段的 The front of the sweater shows a reindeer standing in the snow wearing a Santa hat, with stars all over the sweater. 可知，这件毛衣的正面是一只戴着圣诞帽站在雪地里的驯鹿，毛衣上布满了星星。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了英国艺术家艾丹·利班制作了世界上最贵的圣诞丑毛衣。
★难句分析
The first ugly sweater party took place in 2002 in Vancouver, Canada, to raise money for a friend's cancer treatment．第一个丑毛衣派对在2002年的加拿大温哥华举办，目的是为一位朋友的癌症治疗筹集资金。
动词不定式短语 to raise money for a friend＇s cancer treatment 在句中作目的状语。
C阅读理解
埃及内阁于2021年12月在新首都举行了首次会议。2015年，埃及首次宣布在开罗东部的沙漠中修建新首都，以应对开罗庞大的人口。该项目将耗资至少600亿美元。
1．B 推理判断题。根据埃及现任总理马德布利的讲话 Our meeting today sends a strong and clear message to the world that Egypt is taking vigorous steps toward the future in spite of the challenges it faces可知，马德布利认为，尽管面临挑战，埃及仍在朝着未来砥砺前行，这表明他对埃及的未来充满信心。
2．D细节理解题。根据第二段的．．．the new administrative capital is rising out of the desert east of Cairo. This is President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's pet project可知，新行政首都是埃及总统阿卜杜勒。法塔赫·塞西钟爱的项目。
3．A 词义猜测题。根据下文 the city is expected to be the same in size as the city of Singapore 可知，这 座城市预计将与新加坡市一样大，故可猜测scale意思是“规模”。
4．B 推理判断题。根据第四段的Once completed，the city will..create more than two million new jobs. 可知，一旦建成，这座城市将创造200多万个新就业岗位，即吸引很多人去那儿工作。
5．B 主旨大意题。倒数第二段主要介绍了埃及决定建立新首都的原因。
★难句分析
Besides the government district, the new city will have a diplomatic quarter,and a state-of-the-art culture and arts center, and it will also be a financial center of Egypt.除了政府区，这座新城市还将有外交区及最先进的文化艺术中心，并且它还将成为埃及的金融中心。
besides 意思是“除····之外（还有）”，state-of-the-art 意思是“应用最先进技术的；最先进的”。
D任务型阅读
3D打印食物可能是继微波炉之后烹饪领域的最大突破。科学家表示，食物打印最早将在2030年为人们大规模生产食品。
1．B 上文提到 Food printing．．has lots of potential for our future.“食物打印在未来有很大的潜力”，B项 That＇s because it can connect digital with physical.“那是因为它可以将数字与实体联系起来”是对上一句的解释。
2．D 根据下文 It was around the 1970s．可知，D项符合语境。
3．C 选项C中的The technology是指上文的Microwave ovens，前后语义连贯。
4．E上文提到The pulped meat，此处顺承表示这种肉的特点，故E项This kind of meat can be more easily eaten.符合语境。
5．F 由下文 Then they would be processed into a paste“它们会被加工成糊状”可知，F项所述与此处语义连贯。
★难句分析
Then they would be processed into a paste, printed and baked into a cake.然后，它们会被加工成糊状，打印出来，然后烘烤成蛋糕。
printed和 baked 与前面的 be processed并列，与前面的would构成一般将来时的被动语态。
E完形填空
一位72岁的波黑老人，为了让妻子欣赏到不同视角的风景，历时六年亲手建造了一所可以旋转的房子。
1．B 根据下文 Then he built．．．whatever view she wanted out of the windows.可知，妻子对房子的视野有怨言。
2．A 动词see可与下文的view搭配。
3．D 根据下文 she can watch a rising sun in one moment and passers-by in the next.“她就可以在这 一刻看到冉冉升起的太阳，下一刻又可以看到路人”，可知，库斯克设计这所房子是为了取悦妻子。4．C 根据下文 who is self-taught可知，库斯克自学成才，自己设计的房屋。
5．B 与上文的slowest对比，此处是指fastest“最快的”速度。
6．D 根据下文 Kusic started tearing down walls．可 知，在此之前，库斯克已经建造过一所不能旋转的房子。
7．A 此处 they指代上文的 their bedrooms。
8．C 根据下文 she couldn’t see people entering their front yard 可知，她看不到进入他们前院的人，由此可推知，人们通过马路进入前院，故他们的客厅背对着马路。
9．B 此处指他的妻子关于房间应该朝哪一个方向的想法。about“关于”，符合语境。
10．C 根据下文的motors“马达”可知，前面用electric修饰，指“电动马达”。
11．B 根据上文 he decided to build a house that could rotate可知，库斯克决定建造一所可以旋转的房子，这样妻子就不用选择房间朝哪个方向了。
12．D 根据文章的第一句A 72-year-old man built a house that can rotate all the way around.可知，库 斯克建造了一所可以朝四周旋转的房子，这是一项发明，库斯克应该是受到了其他发明家的启发。
13．A 根据句意“他贫穷的家庭背景迫使他寻找自己制作东西的方法”可确定选look for。其他选项语义不通顺。
14．B 由下文 I had enough time and knowledge“我 有足够的时间和知识”可知，此处选 knowledge。
15．B 根据上文 make things by himself可知，这所房子完全是由库斯克先生自己花费六年时间建造的。
★难句分析
But this meant their living room faced away from the road, and his wife complained that she couldn't see people entering their front yard.但这意味着他们的客 厅背对着马路，他的妻子抱怨说，她看不到进入他们前院的人。
and连接两个并列句。their living room faced away from the road是宾语从句，作meant的宾语；that she couldn’t see people entering their front yard 是宾语从 句，作complained的宾语。
F短文填空
最近，一段关于顾客在广东一家麦当劳餐厅边用餐边骑健身脚踏车的视频在社交媒体上走红。该麦当劳餐厅里，固定脚踏车被用作座位。这种脚踏车由可回收塑料制成，不仅能鼓励人们在吃东西时燃烧卡路里，还能让他们用所产生的能量给智能手机充电。这项新倡议旨在鼓励更多的绿色行为。
1．Recently 由语境可知，此处应用副词recently“最近”。
2．recycled 根据最后一段的plastic parts from recycled materials 可知，这种脚踏车由可回收塑料制成。
3．but not only．．but also．．．是固定搭配，意思是“不
4．them 此处需用代词指代上文的chairs，且作宾语，故填them。
5．riding 根据下文的a bike 可知，应用ride；be seen doing sth 意思是“被看到正在做某事”。
6．like 此处like是介词，look like“看起来像··．．．．”。
7．be seen 句意：在该女子旁边的男子也被看到一边吃着汉堡，一边在另一辆脚踏车上锻炼。此处为带情态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词＋be done。
8.choice根据上文 And tables without stationary bicycles can also be seen in the background，可知， 没有固定脚踏车的桌子也可以在背景中看到，所以你有选择。前面的冠词a为提示，故填名词choice。
9.to burn此处用动词不定式to burn作表语。
10.more句意“旨在鼓励更多的绿色行为··...·”，这是倡议，表示“更多的”，故填more。
★难句分析
A woman is eating a McDonald's burger while drinking what looks like Coca-Cola as she pedals with her feet on the bike.一名女子一边用脚踩着脚踏车，一边吃着麦当劳汉堡，同时喝着貌似可口可乐的饮料。
what 引导宾语从句。as意为“当······的时候”，引导时间状语从句。