01-冲刺2022年中考英语首字母填空临考押题（上海专用）

这是一份01-冲刺2022年中考英语首字母填空临考押题（上海专用），共12页。试卷主要包含了alne 2等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Half f the wrld's ppulatin get headaches
If yu get regular headaches, yu are nt a_____1_____. A new reprt says half f us suffer(受苦) frm them. Researchers frm the Nrwegian University f Science and Technlgy lked at 357 different studies n headaches frm 1961 t 2020. The reprt was p_____2_____ in "The Jurnal f Headache and Pain". The studies were mainly frm rich cuntries. They i_____3_____ infrmatin n general headaches, migraines(偏头痛), and headaches frm tensin(紧张焦虑).
The researchers said that 52 percent f peple in the study suffered frm sme frms f headache every year. The lead researcher, Lars Jacb Stvner, was s_____4_____ that the numbers were s big and that s many peple gt headaches.
The researchers fund that wmen are mre l_____5_____ t get headaches than men. They said 17 percent f wmen get migraines, cmpared t 9 percent f men. Six percent f wmen get headaches n 15 r mre days a mnth, w_____6_____ the number is three per cent fr men.
Mr Stvner said: "What is clear is that verall(总体上), headache disrders(紊乱) are highly prevalent(普遍发生的) wrldwide and can be a great pain." He said mre peple are getting headaches, saying: "The data des suggest that headaches and migraine rates may be i_____7_____." Stvner added that mre research was needed. He said it was imprtant, "t analyze(分析) the different causes f target preventin and treatment mre effectively(有效地)".
答案：
1.alne 2.published 3.included 4.surprised 5.likely 6.while 7.increasing
译文：
世界近一半人有头痛困扰
如果你经常感到头痛，那么你并不孤单。一份新的报告说我们中有一半的人受之所困扰。来自挪威科技大学的研究人员研究了1961年至2020年期间的357项关于头痛的不同研究。该报告发表在《头痛和疼痛杂志》上。这些研究主要来自富裕国家。其中包括了一般头痛、偏头痛和紧张性头痛的信息。
研究人员说，研究中每年有52%的人患有某种形式的头痛。首席研究员拉尔斯·雅各布·斯托夫纳很惊讶于这个数字如此之大，如此多的人感到头痛。
斯托夫纳先生说：“很清楚的是，总体来说，头痛疾病在世界范围内非常普遍，可能是一种巨大的痛苦。”他说，越来越多的人感到头痛，他说：“数据确实表明，头痛和偏头痛的发病率可能正在上升。”斯托夫纳补充说，还需要更多的研究。他说，“分析头痛的不同原因是很重要的……更有针对性地预防和治疗”。
研究人员发现，女性比男性更容易患头痛。他们说，17%的女性患有偏头痛，而男性的这一比例为9%。6%的女性每月15天或更多时间会头痛，而男性的这一比例为3%。
斯托夫纳先生说：“很清楚的是，总体来说，头痛疾病在世界范围内非常普遍，可能是一种巨大的痛苦。”他说，越来越多的人感到头痛，他说：“数据确实表明，头痛和偏头痛的发病率可能正在上升。”斯托夫纳补充说，还需要更多的研究。他说，“分析头痛的不同原因是很重要的……更有针对性地预防和治疗”。
（二）
T Find the Truth
When yu see a pht f a beach cvered in dreamy pink sand n scial media, yu might wish t visit the place in persn. But when yu get there, yu find n_____1_____ but a lake shre(岸) with brken red bricks.
This is ne f the many cmplaints that users shared nline abut their disappinting experiences fllwing travel guides n Xiahngshu, a lifestyle sharing platfrm. The app a_____2_____ users t share travel blgs and lifestyle stries thrugh shrt vides and phts.
Sme angry users put “befre” and “after” phts f scenic spts(景点) t shw the d_____3_____ between real life and the nline psts, reprted China Daily.
On Oct 17, 2021, Xiahngshu a_____4_____ fr psting ver-retuched(过度美化的) pictures. Accrding t the cmpany, sme blggers did nt make clear that their pictures were wrks f phtgraphy and thse pictures were taken as travel guides by sme app users.
Xiahngshu said it’s ging t bring ut scenic spt ranking lists alng with places-t-avid lists. The mve is t make sure users can get mre diversified(多样化的) infrmatin.
Peple have different pinins abut the issue. Many agree that the beautiful but nt real phts are “fraudulent(欺骗性的)” r misleading. Sme, h_____5_____, argue that it is nt wrng fr peple t pst fascinating phts, and viewers shuld learn t recgnize what is true and what is false.
Gu Huimin, dean(院长) f the Schl f Turism Sciences frm Beijing Internatinal Studies University, said that scial media cmpanies shuld have r_____6_____ abut cntent(内容) psted n their platfrms(平台).
“I_____7_____ f ver-retuched pictures, the platfrms can shw cntent digging int(深入挖掘) the culture f a turist site,” Gu said. “The viewers, n the ther hand, shuld understand that real traveling is far mre than simply ‘checking in’ at an internet–famus site.”
答案：
1.nthing 2.allws 3.difference 4.aplgized 5. hwever 6. rules 7. Instead
译文：
少点“滤镜”，多点真心
当你在社交媒体上看到一张海滩上覆盖着梦幻般的粉红色沙滩的照片时，你可能会想亲自去这个地方。但当你到达那里时，你只会发现只是铺着破碎的红砖的湖岸。
这是用户在生活分享平台小红书上分享的令人失望的众多投诉之一。该应用程序允许用户通过短视频和照片分享旅游博客和生活方式故事。
据《中国日报》报道，一些愤怒的用户将一些景点的照片“前”后”对照，来显示现实生活和网络帖子之间的区别。
2021年10月17日，小红书因发布了针对过度美化的的照片而道歉。据该公司称，一些博主并没有明确表示他们的照片是摄影作品，而这些照片是由一些应用程序用户作为旅游指南拍摄的。
小红书表示，将推出景点名单和景点名单。此举是为了确保用户能够获得更多样化的信息。
人们对这个问题有不同的看法。许多人认为这些美丽但不是真实的照片是欺骗误导读者。然而，一些人认为，人们发布迷人的照片并没有错，观众应该学会认识到什么是对的，什么是假的。
北京第二外国语学院旅游科学学院院长谷慧敏分析指出，社交媒体应该在其平台上发布关于内容的规则。
“如果平台上呈现的内容能够更多的挖掘某些景点的文化内涵，可能会有不一样的发现。与其说是防止受骗，不如去提高自己对于旅游更深度的了解，从而让自己的旅游从浅层的‘网红打卡’，变为拥有真正意义的旅游。”谷慧敏还谈到。
（三）
Always n the way
Su Shi isn’t a strange name t us, as we learn his ci in textbks. This year(2022)marks the 921st anniversary f his death.
Su is ne f the mst ppular ancient writers. He was gd at almst all kinds f writings and art, i_____1_____ pems, ci and prse(散文) as well as calligraphy and painting. But Su was nt nly respected fr his talent, but als fr his ptimistic a_____2_____ tward life.
When he was yung, he passed the imperial examinatins(科举考试) and earned the degree f Jinshi(进士). After that, he became an fficial.
S_____3_____, Su was demted(贬谪) t serve in remte(偏远的) areas because f false accusatins(诬陷). But he was nt t discuraged.
First, he went t Huangzhu, in tday’s Hubei. There, he tried t enjy life in the cuntryside. He farmed a piece f land which he called “Dngp(东坡)”. This is why peple call him “Dngp”. It’s said that he als i_____4_____ Dngp Prk, a famus Chinese dish, during this perid. Many f his best pems were written there, t, such as Tune: Calming the Waves(《定风波》). Its line “Impervius t wind, rain r shine, I’ll have my will(归去！也无风雨也无晴)” shwed his pen mind.
Su Shi nce wrked in Hangzhu, Zhejiang. He was r_____5_____ fr building a pedestrian causeway(人行堤道) acrss West Lake. It was named after him: Su Causeway.
Su was als demted t Danzhu, in tday’s Hainan. At the beginning, he culdn’t get used t the ht, wet w_____6_____. He als culdn’t understand the dialect(方言). Instead f getting heart-brken, he set up schls and gt alng very well with the lcals. Many peple traveled frm afar t visit him.
Su was “an incrrigible(无可救药的) ptimist, a f_____7_____ f the peple, a prse master...” writer Lin Yutang said in his bk abut Su.
答案：
1.including 2.attitude 3.Sadly 4.invented 5.respnsible 6.weather 7.friend
译文：
一直在路上
苏轼对我们来说并不是一个陌生的名字，因为我们在课本中了解到他的词作。今年(2022年)是他去世921周年纪念日。
苏轼是古代最受欢迎的作家之一。他精于创作，包括诗歌、词和散文以及书法和绘画。但苏不仅因为他的才华，也因为他对生活乐观的态度而受到尊敬。
在他很年轻的时候(1057年)，他就考中了进士。在那之后，他成为了一名官员。
不幸的是，由于受人诬陷，苏轼被贬谪到偏远地区。但他并不气馁。
首先，他去了黄州，今天的湖北黄冈市。在那里，他尽情享受在乡村的生活。他耕种了一块土地，他称之为“东坡”。这就是为什么人们都叫他“东坡居士”。据说，在这个时期，他还发明了中国名菜东坡肉。他的许多最好的诗也在那里写过，比如《定风波》。词中“归去！也无风雨也无晴”显示了他开放的思想。
苏轼曾在浙江杭州工作过。他负责修建一条横跨西湖的人行堤道。后人便以他的名字命名：苏堤。
苏轼还曾被贬到儋州(海南省)。一开始，他不能适应当地炎热潮湿的天气。他也听不懂当地的方言。他没有伤心，而是开办了学校，和当地人相处得很好。许多人从远方赶来看望他。
苏是一个无可救药的乐天派，一个百姓的朋友，一个散文大师……”作家林语堂在他关于苏轼的书中说到。
（四）
Yungest Wman Sl(独行侠)
Six mnths, five cntinents(大洲), frty-ne cuntries, fifty-tw thusand kilmeters. At 19, Zara Rutherfrd has brken tw Guinness Wrld Recrds. She became the yungest female(女性) t fly alne arund the wrld and the first wman t d s in a micrlight aircraft(超轻型飞机).
The Belgian-British t_____1_____ landed in Belgium n Jan 20. “It’s just really crazy,” she tld CNN.
With tw pilts fr parents, Rutherfrd started learning t fly at 14 and gt her first license in 2020. T r_____2_____ her dream f flying arund the wrld alne, she sld her car t pay fr the trip. She als fund sme spnsrs(赞助者). One f them is Shark Aer. The cmpany p_____3_____ her with a tw-seat micrlight.
In August 2021, when e_____4_____ was ready, Rutherfrd set ff. She planned t finish her trip in three mnths. I_____5_____, it tk nearly half a year because f bad weather and expired(过期的) travel dcuments(证件).
The mst d_____6_____ part f the trip was flying ver Russia’s Siberia regin(地区). “It was -35℃ n the grund and -20℃ in the air ... If the engine(引擎) were t stp, I’d be hurs away frm rescue(救援) and I dn’t knw hw lng I culd have lived,” Rutherfrd said. She als faced strms, wildfires(山火), typhns and brken parts f her aircraft.
Rutherfrd hpes her flight will e_____7_____ mre girls t chse careers(职业) in aviatin(航空业). “If yu dn’t try and see hw high yu can fly, then yu’ll never knw,” Rutherfrd tld CNN.
答案：
1.teenager 2.realize 3.prvided 4.everything 5.Instead 6.difficult 7.encurage
译文：
最年轻的空中独行侠
六个月，五大洲，41个国家，五万二千公里。19岁的扎拉·卢瑟福打破了两项吉尼斯世界纪录。她成为了独自飞越世界各地的最年轻的女性，也是第一个乘坐微型轻型飞机的女性。
这名比利时-英国少女于1月20日抵达比利时。“这真的很疯狂了，”她告诉CNN。
有了两名飞行员，卢瑟福14岁开始学习飞行，并于2020年获得了第一张执照。为了实现她独自飞行环游世界的梦想，她卖掉了自己的车来支付这次旅行的费用。她还找到了一些赞助商。其中之一是鲨鱼航空公司。该公司为她提供了一盏双座的微型灯。
2021年8月，当一切都准备就绪时，卢瑟福出发了。她计划在三个月后完成她的旅行。相反，由于恶劣的天气和旅行证件期限的影响，它花费了将近半年的时间。
这次旅行中最困难的部分是飞越俄罗斯的西伯利亚地区。“地面上是零下35摄氏度，空中是零下20摄氏度。如果引擎停止了，我离救援还有几个小时远，我不知道我还能活多久，”卢瑟福说。她还面临着风暴、山火、台风和飞机的破碎部件。
卢瑟福希望她的飞行能鼓励更多的女孩在航空业领域选择职业。“如果你不知道你能飞到多高，那么你就永远也飞不知道，”卢瑟福告诉CNN。
（五）
Sharing the Lng Jurney
The six-mnth stay fr Chinese astrnauts in the Tiangng space statin has just ended. Befre they returned t the earth, they faced ne l_____1_____ test – returning hme safely. What had they dne befre they left the statin?
T g hme after a lng jurney, yu have t pack up. B_____2_____ their persnal belngings(物品), astrnauts als need t bring hme experimental data and samples(样品) fr further research n Earth.
The three astrnauts als needed t clean “the huse”. They must c_____3_____ leftver(剩余的) fd, sanitary(卫生) waste and waste frm experiments. The waste was put int the rbital mdule(轨道舱), which burned up as it re-enters Earth’s atmsphere(大气层).
The astrnauts must als put equipment back in place. It will be mre than a mnth befre the Shenzhu XIV astrnauts enter Tiangng. They needed t make sure that things l_____4_____ gym equipment are fixed t the walls fr safety.
Astrnauts experience micrgravity(微重力) fr lng perids f time. This a_____5_____ their bdies. They lse fluids(体液), their muscles atrphy(萎缩) and they lse bne strength. T ensure a safe return, the three astrnauts did p_____6_____ exercises t keep their muscles strng. Based n their physical examinatin data, experts custmized(定制) exercise plans fr each f them t ensure a safe landing.
Tiangng space statin will be c_____7_____ befre the end f this year. Six astrnauts will be sent there fr the Shenzhu XIV and XV missins. The Shenzhu XV crew(全体成员) will fly t the statin arund the year’s end t meet their Shenzhu XIV clleagues(同事).
答案：
1.last 2.Besides 3.cllect 4.like 5.affects 6. physical 7.cmpleted
译文：
分享太空旅行见闻
中国航天员在天宫空间站的六个月的停留刚刚结束。在他们返回地球之前，他们面临着最后一次考验——安全回家。他们在离开空间站之前做了些什么？
长途旅行后要回家，你必须收拾行李。除了他们的个人物品，航天员还需要带回实验数据和样本来在地球上进行进一步的研究。
这三名航天员还需要清理“房子”。他们必须收集剩余的食物、卫生废物和实验中的废物。这些废物被放入轨道舱，并在重新进入地球大气层时燃烧掉。
航天员还必须将设备重新安装到位。神舟十四号航天员进入天宫还需要一个多月的时间。为了安全起见，他们需要确保像健身器材这样的东西被固定在墙上。
航天员长时间处于微重力环境下。这影响了他们的身体。他们失去体液，肌肉萎缩，失去骨骼力量。为了确保安全返回，三名航天员做了体育锻炼，以保持肌肉强壮。根据他们的体检数据，专家为每个人定制锻炼计划，以确保安全着陆。
天宫空间站将于今年年底前完工。六名航天员将被派往那里执行神舟十四号和第十五号任务。神舟十五号全体成员将在今年年底左右飞往空间站，与神舟十四号同事会面。
During the Tang Dynasty(618-907), Emperr Taizng asked the prime minister(宰相) Feng Deyi t recmmend talented peple. H_____1_____, several mnths passed, Feng didn’t recmmend anyne.
“I tried my best, but there are nt u_____2_____and well-runded peple at all,” Feng said.
“Peple are like utensils(器物). What we need t d is t make gd use f their strengths. Yu shuld blame(责怪) yurself fr nt n_____3_____ talented peple. Hw culd yu say that there are n talented peple in ur era?” said the emperr.
Indeed(的确), each utensil r tl has a specific functin. A knife is made t cut things w_____4_____ kuaizi are made t pick up fd. We can’t use a knife as a kuaizi. Like a utensil, each persn has a particular strength. Nbdy is perfect. We can’t e_____5_____ a persn t be gd at everything.
With this idea in mind, Emperr Taizng discvered many talented peple f different backgrunds. He ffered them imprtant psitins(职位), which helped them make the mst f their talents. His talented peple helped the sciety d_____6_____ and created a “glden age”.
A gd example is Ma Zhu, wh grew up in a pr family. Ma gave a lt f useful a_____7_____, s Emperr Taizng ffered him a psitin and prmted(晋升) him many times. Ma helped the emperr deal with cmplicated(复杂的) issues and became a well-knwn persn in histry.
答案：
1.Hwever 2.unusual 3.nticing 4.while 5.expect 6.develp 7.advice
译文：
在唐朝(618-907)，太宗请宰相封德彝推荐人才。然而，几个月过去了，冯并没有推荐任何人。
“我尽了最大努力，但没有罕见和全面发展的人，”冯说。
“人就像器物一样。我们需要做的是充分利用他们的优势。你应该责怪自己没有注意到有才华的人。你怎么能说在我们这个时代没有人才呢？”唐太宗说。
实际上，每个器物都有一个特定的功能。用刀切东西，用筷子取食物。我们不能用刀当筷子。就像一个器具一样，每个人都有一种特殊的能力。没有人是完美的。我们不能指望一个人什么都擅长。
基于这个想法，唐太宗发现了许多不同背景的人才。他为他们提供了重要的职位，这帮助他们充分利用了自己的才能。他的人才帮助社会发展，创造了一个“贞观之治”。
马周的一个好例子，他成长在一个贫穷的家庭。马给了他很多有用的建议，所以太宗给了他一个职位，并多次提拔他。马帮助皇帝处理复杂的问题，并成为历史上著名的人物。
Peple ften say, “Yu can’t live nly n air.” But Chinese scientists can nw tell yu: M_____1_____ yu can.
Scientists frm Tianjin Institute f Industrial Bitechnlgy f the Chinese Academy f Sciences made a big breakthrugh(突破). They have turned carbn dixide, the “infamus”(声名狼藉的) greenhuse gas, int starch(淀粉).
Starch is the m_____2_____ part f the flur, rice and crn that we eat every day. It’s created by plants thrugh phtsynthesis(光合作用). But accrding t the team’s directr Ma Yanhe, plants d this in a cmplex and inefficient(低效的) way, which takes abut 60 steps. The new study, after six years f hard wrk, has fund an e_____3_____ way t d this, with nly 11 steps.
“Our study shws that creating cmplex cmpunds(化合物) like starch is pssible in a lab(实验室), and there are many areas that can benefit frm this technlgy,” Ma tld China Daily.
The scientists first turned CO2 and hydrgen gas int methanl(甲醇). Then they pieced these methanl mlecules(分子) int bigger and mre cmplex mlecules. F_____4_____, the starch came ut.
This m_____5_____ makes it pssible t prduce fd in factries, replacing traditinal farming. This will nt nly help make plenty f starchy crps(农作物) such as ptates, but als s_____6_____ water, fertilizer(肥料) and land. It may als help recycle CO2 t deal with climate change, accrding t China Daily.
The study can benefit space explratin t. Astrnauts n lnger need t w_____7_____ abut their fd as they travel in space. They may simply turn the CO2 they breathe int the fd they eat!
答案：
1.Maybe 2.main 3.easier 4.Finally 5.methd 6.save 7.wrry
译文：
人们经常说，“你不能只靠空气生活。“但是中国科学家现在可以告诉你：也许你可以。”
中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所的科学家们取得了重大突破。他们已经把“臭名昭著的”温室气体二氧化碳变成了淀粉。
淀粉是我们每天吃的面粉、大米和玉米的主要组成部分。它是由植物通过光合作用产生的。但据该团队的负责人马延河说，工厂以一种复杂的和低效的方式来完成这一工作，大约需要60个步骤。经过六年的努力工作，这项新研究找到了一种更简单的方法，只有11个步骤。
马告诉《中国日报》：“我们的研究表明，在实验室中制造像淀粉这样的复杂化合物是可能的，而且有很多领域可以从这项技术中受益。”
科学家们首先将二氧化碳和氢气转化为甲醇。然后，他们把这些甲醇分子拼凑成更大、更复杂的分子。最后，淀粉出来了。
这种方法使在工厂里生产食品成为可能，取代了传统的农业。这不仅将有助于生产大量的淀粉类作物，如土豆，而且还可以节省水、肥料和土地。据《中国日报》报道，它还可能有助于回收二氧化碳来应对气候变化。
这项研究也有利于太空探索。宇航员在太空旅行时不再需要担心他们的食物。他们可能会简单地把他们呼吸的二氧化碳变成他们所吃的食物！