04-冲刺2022年中考英语首字母填空临考押题（上海专用）

这是一份04-冲刺2022年中考英语首字母填空临考押题（上海专用），共11页。试卷主要包含了attract 2，7米，体重超过50公斤，26亿年前等内容，欢迎下载使用。
The Fitness Influencer Making Lcked-Dwn Chinese Sweat
Millins f peple under lckdwn(封锁) in China nw share a cmmn habit: A fitness sessin with their new star persnal trainer Liu Genghng.
The Taiwan-brn singer, actr, and persnal trainer has turned int a famus man ver the past weeks, as his fitness livestreams a_____1_____ audiences acrss the cuntry. Many f them have been lcked indrs fr weeks as part f the gvernment respnse t reduce COVID-19 cases.
The 49-year-ld has als been in lckdwn with his family in Shanghai, nw in its third w_____2_____ f a citywide shutdwn. On Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Sundays, Liu appears n shrt vide platfrm Duyin — China’s versin f TikTk — with wife Wang Wanfei at 7:30 p.m., b_____3_____ he makes his fans wake up early at 9 a.m. n Saturdays fr a 90-minute sessin.
The cuple is usually seen exercising t the fast-paced tune f pp singer Jay Chu’s “Cmpendium f Materia Medica(本草纲目)” and _____4_____. Snippets(片段) f the wrkut where Liu appears in a red tank tp and black slacks(休闲裤) with his wife have been s_____5_____ widely n scial media, with peple imitating(模仿) the wrkut rutine at schls, quarantine(隔离) centers, and even while lining up fr nucleic acid tests(核酸检测).
Liu’s wrkut sessins have been s ppular during the lckdwn that they have b_____6_____ Duyin’s livestreaming recrd fr 2022 s far, accrding t data analysis platfrm Chanmama. Within ne mnth, his livestreams have been viewed nearly 40 millin times altgether, with his m_____7_____ ppular sessin attracting ver 1 millin live views.
答案：
1.attract 2.week 3.but 4.thers 5.spread
译文：
健身影响者，让被封锁的中国人出汗
在中国，数百万被封锁的人现在有了一个共同的习惯：与他们的新明星私人教练刘畊宏进行健身训练。
这位在台湾出生的歌手、演员和私人教练在过去几周变成了一个名人，他的健身直播吸引了来自全国各地的观众。作为政府减少新冠肺炎病例的一部分，其中许多人已被锁在室内数周。
这位49岁的男子还和家人在上海被封锁，目前这是全市关闭的第三周。在周二、周三、周四和周日，刘和妻子王婉霏晚上七点半出现在短视频平台中国版的抖音上，不过他让粉丝在周六早上9点早起，持续90分钟。
这对夫妇经常按照流行歌手周杰伦的《本草纲目》等歌曲的快节奏曲调进行锻炼。刘和妻子出现在红色背心和黑色休闲裤上的锻炼片段在社交媒体上广泛传播，人们在学校、隔离中心，甚至在排队进行核酸检测时都在模仿锻炼习惯。
据数据分析平台Chanmama的数据，刘的锻炼在封锁期间非常受欢迎，打破了杜因2022年的直播记录。不到一个月，他的直播就被观看了近4000万次，其中他最受欢迎的直播吸引了超过100万的现场浏览量。
（二）
Scientists Discver Hw Sme Dinsaurs Grew S Big
Scientists studying the remains(遗骸) f ancient creatures say that large dinsaurs did nt grw at the same rate.
Sme dinsaurs grew slwly and steadily(稳定), while thers experienced a q_____1_____ grwth as they neared adulthd(成年期).
T reach their findings, scientists cut thrugh the fssils(化石) f dinsaurs. They examined the yearly grwth rings f the bnes frm 11 kinds f therpds(兽脚类恐龙). Therpds are a grup f dinsaurs that mainly walked n tw legs and i_____2_____ big meat-eating dinsaurs, like tyrannsaurus rex(霸王龙), cmmnly knwn as T-Rex.
The research team lked at fssils frm museums in the United States, Canada, China, and Argentina. They were able t cut int the fssilized bnes f ne f the wrld’s mst famus T-rexes, c_____3_____ Sue. Sue is hused at the Field Museum in Chicag.
The researchers used machines t cut int Sue’s largest leg bnes. These bnes s_____4_____ that the T-Rex and its relatives—knwn as tyrannsaurs(霸王龙)—have a perid f extreme grwth during the years befre adulthd. It als says that they reached full adult s_____5_____ by arund age 20.
Sue is abut 13 meters tall. She is believed t have lived t abut 33 years.
Big therpds share the same basic bdy design. They walked n tw legs and had large skulls(头盖骨) and strng jaws(下巴). B_____6_____, they had frightening teeth.
The lead researcher n the study is Tm Cullen, a palentlgist(古生物学家). He said that befre this study, it was knwn that T-rex grew very rapidly, but it was nt c_____7_____ whether all therpd dinsaurs grew gigantic(巨大的) in the same way, r if there were many ways they grew s big.
答案：
1.quick 2.include 3.called 4.shwed 5.size 6.Besides 7.clear
译文：
科学家揭秘恐龙身形巨大的原因
研究恐龙这一古老生物遗骸的科学家们表示，大型恐龙的生长速度并不一样。
有些恐龙生长的缓慢而稳定，而某些恐龙则在接近成年期时会经历了一次快速发育。
为了对恐龙进行研究，科学家们对恐龙化石进行了切割。他们研究了11种兽脚类恐龙化石的生长年轮。兽脚类恐龙是一类主要靠两条腿行走的恐龙，包括大型食肉恐龙如霸王龙。
研究小组研究了美国、加拿大、中国和阿根廷博物馆的化石。他们切割了世界上最著名的霸王龙之一——“苏”的骨骼化石。“苏”目前藏于芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆。
研究人员用机器切割霸王龙“苏”最大的腿骨。这些骨头表明，霸王龙和它的亲属（也是霸王龙）在成年前的几年里有一段极速生长的时期。研究还显示，它们在20岁左右就达到了成年的体型。
苏大约13米高，据信她活到了33岁左右。
大型兽脚类恐龙拥有相同的基础身体构造。它们用两条腿走路，头骨大，下颚结实。此外，它们都有很吓人的牙齿。
汤姆·卡伦是这项研究的首席研究员，他是一位古生物学家。他说，在这项研究之前，人们都知道霸王龙的生长速度非常快，但并不清楚是否所有的兽脚类恐龙都是以同样的方式长成巨大的体型，也不了解它们长这么大是否存在多种生长形式。
（三）
Our rural huse in Kardella, Victria’s Suth Gippsland, had a large metal letterbx utside ur gate, where the pstman delivered ntices and unfficial mail n his daily rund in a car, as we c_____1_____ ur usual mail in twn via a pst ffice bx.
In the spring f 2016, I nticed a swallw fly in and ut f the letterbx with twigs(细枝) in its beak(鸟喙). Peering(盯着看) i_____2_____, I saw that she was building a nest. A few weeks later she had laid eggs and was sitting patiently n them.
I t_____3_____ pening the letterbx and her new-fund hme, which made the bird angry. S I gave her right-f- way and a peaceful stay.
In the fllwing weeks three chicks hatched(孵化); she fed them with wrms and _____4_____things such as flies, mths and ther flying insects.
Abut fur weeks later her babes left the nest and, f_____5_____, I was able t reclaim(收回) my prperty(财产) and c_____6_____ the letterbx. I was sad t see them leave, and dn’t remember seeing them again, althugh a large number f swallws fly in and ut f my garage w_____7_____ the dr is pen.
答案：
1.cllected 2.inside 3.tried 4.ther 5.finally 6.clean 7.when
译文：
我们以前在维多利亚州南吉普斯兰的卡德拉的农村有一处房屋，一个大型金属信箱就在大门外，邮递员每天都会从车里把通知和普通邮件放进信箱，就像我们在镇上通过邮政信箱收邮件一样。
2016年春天，我注意到一只燕子嘴里叼着树枝在信箱里飞进飞出。我往里面一看，原来她正在筑巢。几周后，她生了蛋，安静地坐在上面。
我试着打开信箱----燕子现在的新家，这让燕子很生气。于是我决定不再打扰她，她可以自由通行放心停留。
在接下来的几周里，三只小燕子孵化出来；燕子妈妈叼来虫子喂它们，有时也会喂食苍蝇、飞蛾和其他飞虫。
大约四周后，燕子妈妈带着的小燕子离开了巢穴。我终于能够收回我的财产，并清理信箱。看到他们离开我反而很难过。每当门开着的时候，无数的燕子飞进飞出我的车库。这成群的燕子中，有没有在我信箱里筑巢的那一家，我无从知晓。
（四）
Fr the past 10 years, the number f Chinese students at U.S. universities has been rising. H_____1_____, university fficials are starting t see a sharp drp in Chinese students.
Several universities have reprted drps f 20 percent r mre this autumn at the start f a new schl term.
T a_____2_____ mre internatinal students, sme schls are advertising in ther cuntries and wrking t keep the number f Chinese students they have.
U.S. clleges and universities need the mney paid by students frm China and ther cuntries. Internatinal students usually pay the w_____3_____ tuitin(学费) amunt, unlike American students, many f whm ask fr financial(财政的) help.
University fficials and bservers(观察人士) say there are several r_____4_____ fr the falling numbers f Chinese students. They include trade cnflicts(冲突) and plitical tensins(紧张) between China and the United States. There als is i_____5_____ cmpetitin fr cllege students, visa issues(问题) and the grwth f China's higher educatin system.
Parents and students in China w_____6_____ abut American gun vilence and immigratin issues with thse in ther cuntries. In May, the grup NAFSA: Assciatin f Internatinal Educatrs fund tw main causes fr falling numbers f internatinal students wh want t study in the United States: the difficulty f getting a visa, and the scial and plitical envirnment in the United States.
But there are als prblems that nly a_____7_____ Chinese students. The Trump administratin(管理部门) has accused(指责) China f stealing U.S. intellectual prperty(知识产权). It is lking very clsely at Chinese students wh ask fr visas t study rbtics, flight and high-tech manufacturing(制造).
答案：
1.Hwever 2.attract 3.whle 4.reasns 5.increasing 6.wrry 7.affect
译文：
过去10年，美国大学的中国留学生数量一直在增长。但是大学官员开始发现中国学生数量急剧下降。
几所大学报告称，今年秋季新学期开始时，中国学生数量下降了20%或更多。
为了吸引更多国际学生，一些学校开始在其它国家投放广告，并努力维持他们现有的中国学生人数。
美国高校需要中国以及其它国家学生所掏的这笔资金。国际学生通常要支付全额学费，这跟美国学生不同，很多美国学生都申请助学金。
大学官员和观察人士表示，中国学生人数下降的原因有很多种。其中包括中美之间的贸易冲突和政治紧张局势。同时还包括对大学生的竞争加剧、签证问题以及中国高等教育体系的发展。
中国和其它国家的家长和学生一样，对美国的枪支暴力和移民问题感到担忧。今年5月，国际教育工作者协会找出了想到美国留学的国际学生人数下降的两个主要原因：获取签证的难度以及美国的社会和政治环境。
但是也有些问题只影响中国学生。川普政府指责中国窃取美国知识产权。它开始密切关注申请签证赴美学习机器人技术、航空和高科技制造的中国学生。
（五）
If yu are afraid f insects, this might be difficult t read. A fssil(化石) fund n a beach in England shws that the biggest bug that ever lived was the size f a small car. The fssil is f a giant millipede(千足虫). This mnster creature culd have had h_____1_____ f legs. Althugh the name "millipede" means "ne thusand legs" in Latin, f_____2_____ species(物种) actually have 1,000 feet. There is ne species that can have 1,300 legs. The fssil hunters in England said what they fund is "definitely the biggest bug that ever lived". They said the millipede was arund 2.7 metres lng and w_____3_____ ver 50 kg. This wuld have been a scary sight. It wuld need a huge amunt f insect spray (杀虫剂) t keep it away.
The scientists fund the fssil by chance. A lecturer(讲师) at the University f Cambridge's department f earth sciences said they fund a rck n the beach. It had r_____4_____ fallen frm a cliff(悬崖). He said: "It was a cmplete fluke(侥幸) f a discvery. It was an incredibly exciting find." He explained that the fssil dates back ver 326 millin years. This was 100 millin years b_____5_____ the Age f the Dinsaurs. The researchers believe that the millipede had a high-nutrient(高营养的) diet because it was s huge. They said: "W_____6_____ we can't knw fr sure what they ate, there were plenty f nutritius nuts and seeds available at the time." They may als have eaten frgs and lizards, but nt h_____7_____ (r any f ur ancient ancestrs).
答案：
1.hundreds 2.few 3.weighed 4.recently 5.befre 6.While 7.humans
译文：
如果你害怕昆虫，那么阅读本文对你来说可能是一个挑战。在英国海滩上发现的化石显示，史上最大的虫子是一辆小汽车大小。这块化石是一个巨大的千足虫。这个怪物生物可能有几百条腿。虽然“千足虫”这个名字在拉丁语中的意思是“1000条腿”，但很少有物种真的有1000条腿。有一个物种可以有1300条腿。这些寻找到化石的英国科学家说，他们发现的东西“绝对是有史以来最大的虫子”。他们说，这个千足虫身长约2.7米，体重超过50公斤。(如果这只昆虫现在还存在)这将是一个可怕的景象。那得需要大量的昆虫喷雾来驱离离它。
这群科学家们偶然发现了这块化石。剑桥大学地球科学系的一名讲师说，他们在海滩上发现了一块岩石。它是最近从悬崖上掉下来的。他说：“这完全是一个侥幸的发现。这也是一个非常令人兴奋的发现。”他解释说，这些化石可以追溯到3.26亿年前。这是在恐龙时代之前的1亿年前。研究人员认为，千足虫需要一种高营养的饮食，因为它非常巨大。他们说：“虽然我们不能确定他们吃了什么，但当时那里有很多营养丰富的坚果和种子。”它们可能也吃青蛙和蜥蜴，但不吃人类(或我们的古代祖先)。
（六）
Have yu ever wanted t taste the delicius-lking fd yu see n cking shws? Well, that wish has mved a step clser. A prfessr in Japan has d_____1_____ a prttype(雏形) TV screen that yu can lick. It is called TTTV. This abbreviatin(缩写词) means "Taste the TV". Prfessr Hmei Miyashita frm Meiji University in Tky created the screen. He said it culd becme "taste-a-visin". If he created a screen that emits(散发出) smells, we culd als have "smell-a-visin". Prfessr Miyashita wanted t create a screen that _____2_____ a multisensry(多种感觉的) experience. He hpes his wrk means that screen technlgy can mve n f_____3_____ just having pictures and sund t a screen that engages(使参与) the sense f taste t.
Prfessr Miyashita said his screen can imitate(模仿) fd flavurs(味). It wrks a bit like an inkjet(喷墨) printer that uses different cartridges(墨盒) t create different clurs. I_____4_____ f ink, Miyashita's TTTV uses 10 different flavur cartridges. These spray(喷洒) a cmbinatin(混合的) f flavurs nt a hygienic(卫生的，清洁的) film that is part f the TV screen. The TV viewer can then lick the screen t sample the taste.
Prfessr Miyashita said: "The g_____5_____ is t make it pssible fr peple t have the experience f smething like eating at a restaurant n the ther side f the wrld, e_____6_____ while staying at hme."
A student at Meiji University sampled a chclate she saw n the screen. She said: "It's sweet like a chclate sauce." Miyashita said TTTV wuld c_____7_____ abut $870.
答案：
1.develped 2.ffered 3.frm 4.Instead 5.gal 6.even 7.cst
译文：
你有没有想过品尝一下你在烹饪节目上看到的美味佳肴？嗯，这一愿望又向前推进了一步。日本的一位教授已经开发出一种你可以舔的原型电视屏幕。它被称为TTTV。这个缩写的意思是“品尝电视”。东京明治大学的宫崎骏教授发明了这个屏幕。他说，这可能成为“远程品尝”。如果他创造了一个能散发气味的屏幕，我们也可以拥有“远程闻味”。宫崎骏教授想创造一个能提供多感官体验的屏幕。他希望他的工作意味着屏幕技术可以从仅仅有图片和声音发展到有味觉的屏幕。
宫崎骏教授说他的屏幕可以模仿食物的味道。它的工作原理有点像喷墨打印机，它使用不同的墨盒来创建不同的颜色。宫崎骏的TTTV使用10种不同口味的墨盒，而不是墨水。这些墨盒向在电视屏幕上清洁的胶片上喷洒多种香味。然后，电视观众可以点击屏幕来品尝味道。
宫崎骏教授说：“我们的目标是让人们即使是呆在家里，也能体验到世界另一端的餐馆美味。”
明治大学的一名学生品尝了她在屏幕上看到的巧克力。她说：“它像巧克力酱一样甜。”宫崎骏表示，TTTV的成本约为870美元。
（七）
Paracetaml(扑热息痛), nictine(尼古丁), caffeine and epilepsy(癫痫) and diabetes(糖尿病) drugs were w_____1_____ detected(检测) in a University f Yrk study.
The influence f many f the mst cmmn pharmaceutical cmpunds(药物化合物) in rivers isn’t still largely k_____2_____.
But it is already certain that disslved(溶化的) human medicine can influence the develpment and reprductin f fish, and scientists wrry abut the increasing antibitics(抗生素) in rivers culd l_____3_____ their effectiveness(有效性) as medicines.
The study sampled water frm mre than 1,000 test sites in mre than 100 cuntries.
Overall, mre than a q_____4_____ f the 258 rivers sampled had what are knwn as "active pharmaceutical ingredients(活性药物成分)" reach a level which is unsafe fr aquatic rganisms.
"What we knw nw is that e_____5_____ the mst mdern efficient wastewater treatment plants aren't cmpletely able t degrade(降解) these cmpunds befre they end up in rivers r lakes." Dr Jhn Wilkinsn, wh led the research, tld BBC News.
The reprt says the mre and mre antibitics in rivers culd als lead t the develpment f resistant bacteria(细菌), d_____6_____ the effectiveness f medicines and finally creating a glbal threat t envirnmental and glbal health.
The m_____7_____ plluted sites were largely in lw-t middle-incme cuntries, and in areas where there was sewage dumping, pr wastewater management and pharmaceutical manufacturing(制造).
答案：
1.widely 2.knwn 3.limit 4.quarter 5.even 6.damaging 7.mst
译文：
约克大学的一项研究在世界多地的河流广泛检测到扑热息痛、尼古丁、咖啡因还有治疗癫痫和糖尿病的药物。
河流中检测到的许多最常见的药品化合物会造成什么影响很大程度上还是未知数。
但是现在确定无疑的是，溶解在水中的人类药物会影响鱼类的发育和繁殖。科学家担心河流中所含的抗生素日益增多会限制抗生素作为药品的有效性。
该研究对上百个国家的1000多个测试点的水进行了抽样检测。
总体上，抽样检测的258条河流中有超四分之一含有所谓的“活性药物成分”，而且已经达到了对水生生物不安全的水平。
这项研究的带头人约翰·威尔金森博士告诉BBC新闻频道说：“我们现在知道的是，即使是最现代化最高效的废水处理厂也无法完全降解这些药品化合物后再将废水排入河流湖泊。”
报告称，河流中的抗生素越来越多还会导致人类对抗生素的耐药力增强，药品的有效性减弱，最终会对环境和全球人类的健康造成全球性威胁。
受污染最严重的河流大多在中低收入国家，以及那些倾倒污水、对废水管理不善和生产药品的地区。