专题07 回答问题-冲刺2022年中考英语重难题型考前突破（广东专用）

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冲刺2022年中考英语必考题型考前热点押题（广东专用）-回答问题
【解析版】

回答问题型阅读为2020年广东省中考卷新题型，由原来的“读写综合”中的“信息归纳”调整为“回答问题”。分值由以前信息归纳的5分变为10分共5小题，每小题2分。
该题型要求考生在阅读理解的基础上，对阅读信息进行二次加工，归纳要点，整合零散信息，并用回答题的形式把加工后的信息准确、有序地表达出来。因此该题型是对考生综合能力的考查，尤其考查考生的语言理解能力、主观表达能力和逻辑推理能力，是一类区分度较大的题型。

考点分析
年份
话题
体裁
词数
考查特点
2021
新闻产业的发展历程
说明文
225个
1.疑问词：题干为5个特殊疑问词，2021年5个疑问词不重复，2020年除了what重复1次，其他疑问词不重复。
2.细节理解题
2020
关于新冠肺炎患者的爱与关怀
说明文
212个

解题技巧
一提：提取题干疑问词。
二找：根据疑问词找出问题问什么。
三确定：确定用什么样的句式回答。
四定位：定位到原文中的具体位置找出答案。
五检查：检查答案语法、大小写的正误。

Exercise 1
（2022·北京通州·九年级期末）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Life in Space

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live in space? The most important thing to remember about living in space is that there is no gravity. That means astronauts can’t do a lot of things that you do easily in your daily life. For example, astronauts can’t pour(倒) themselves a cup of juice the way you can. Why? Because gravity makes the juice pour from the bottle into your cup. Astronauts can’t rely(依靠) on gravity. Astronauts can’t lie on beds and sleep the way you do because gravity is what holds you to your bed.
So how do astronauts live in space? Eating in space is like eating on earth in some ways. Food like rice and mashed(糊状的) potatoes sticks to spoons, so it doesn’t float away. Other foods come in cans or packages(盒). So they don’t float away, either.
There is no gravity in space, so astronauts do not have to sleep on beds or the floor. They can sleep anywhere they want, and they can sleep in any position they want. They usually use sleeping bags. They simply tie their sleeping bags to a wall, or a bed. That way, they don’t float around and bump(撞) into things while they are sleeping.
Astronauts are very busy people. They have jobs to do, and they work very hard. But they also need to relax sometimes. Astronauts usually get to talk to their families on a video call once a week. They also get to stay in touch by email. Astronauts can bring chess and other games with them. Some even bring musical instruments. Astronauts also watch movies and news programmes. Sometimes they talk to schools and news reporters, too. Astronauts may have a lot of work to do, but they also find time for fun.
1．What’s the most important thing to remember about living in space?
____________________________________________________________________
2．Why doesn’t food like rice and mashed potatoes float away?
____________________________________________________________________
3．What do astronauts usually use when they sleep?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How often do astronauts usually get to talk to their families?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of the life in space? Why do you think so?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有趣的太空生活。
【答案】
1．It is that there is no gravity.
2．Because food like rice and mashed potatoes sticks to spoons.
3．They usually use sleeping bags.
4．Once a week.
5．I think the life in the space is fun. Because there are many different places in space life from the earth and these are interesting.
【解析】
1．根据“The most important thing to remember about living in space is that there is no gravity.”可知生活在太空中要记住最重要的一点是没有重力，故填It is that there is no gravity.
2．根据“Food like rice and mashed(糊状的) potatoes sticks to spoons, so it doesn’t float away. ”可知，米饭和糊状的土豆之类的食物会粘在勺子上，所以不会漂走。故填Because food like rice and mashed potatoes sticks to spoons.
3．根据“They usually use sleeping bags.”可知，他们睡觉时经常用睡袋。故填They usually use sleeping bags.
4．根据“Astronauts usually get to talk to their families on a video call once a week.”可知，宇航员每周通过视频通话与家人交谈一次。故填Once a week.
5．开放性试题，答案合理即可。我觉得太空生活很有趣。因为太空生活中有许多不同于地球的地方，这些地方非常有意思。故填I think the life in the space is fun. Because there are many different places in space life from the earth and these are interesting.

Exercise 2
（2022·湖南长沙·一模）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Science shows that there is a right way to build habits that last. Here are some tips to make exercise one of them.
Start small
A goal of exercising for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week may sound good. But how likely are you to follow through? The bigger your goal is, the more likely you are to fail and give up. It’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve because you’ll build self-confidence when you meet them. Then you can move on to bigger goals.
Use triggers
Triggers are simply reminders — activities, places, or objects — that kick of an automatic (自动的) reaction. They help you start exercising without thinking or making decisions. For example, the alarm clock goes off and you’re out of the door for your walk. You spot your sports shoes right by the bed and you’re up and running. Find ways to build triggers into your day to make exercise a no-brainer.
Reward (奖励) yourself
People who often exercise tend to do so because of the rewards it brings to their lives, such as more energy, better sleep and a greater sense of happiness. However, these can be long-term rewards. When you’re starting an exercise program, it’s important to give yourself immediate rewards if you successfully complete a workout. Choose something you look forward to, but don’t allow yourself to do it until after exercise. It can be something as simple as having a hot bath or a favorite cup of coffee.
Choose exercise that makes you feel happy and confident
If your workout is unpleasant or makes you feel bad or unhappy, you’re unlikely to stick with it. Don’t choose exercise like running or lifting weights at the gym just because you think that’s what you should do. Instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities and taste.
1．Why is it better to start with easy exercise goals?
____________________________________________________________________
2．How can triggers help us?
____________________________________________________________________
3．What is the important thing to do after we complete a workout?
____________________________________________________________________
4．Tom wants to keep exercising but considers running unpleasant. What do you advise him to do?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What is the passage mainly about?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文主要讲述了一些培养锻炼成为持久习惯的建议。
【答案】
1．Because you’ll build self−confidence when you meet them.
2．They help you start exercising without thinking or making decisions.
3．Giving yourself immediate rewards.
4．I advise him to pick activities that fit his lifestyle, abilities and taste.
5．Some tips for making exercise a lasting habit.
【解析】
1．根据“It’s better to start with easy exercise goals you know you can achieve because you’ll build self-confidence when you meet them. Then you can move on to bigger goals.”从你知道自己可以实现的简单锻炼目标开始更好，因为当你达到这些目标时，你会建立自信。可知从简单的锻炼目标开始更好是因为当你达到这些目标时，你会建立自信。故答案为Because you’ll build self−confidence when you meet them.
2．根据“They help you start exercising without thinking or making decisions.”可知它们可以帮助你不用思考也不用做决定就开始锻炼。故答案为They help you start exercising without thinking or making decisions.
3．根据“When you’re starting an exercise program, it’s important to give yourself immediate rewards if you successfully complete a workout.”可知当你开始一项锻炼计划时，如果你成功完成了一项锻炼，给自己立即的奖励是很重要的。故答案为Giving yourself immediate rewards.
4．根据“Don’t choose exercise like running or lifting weights at the gym just because you think that’s what you should do. Instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities and taste.”可知不要仅仅因为你认为这是你应该做的，就选择像跑步或在健身房举重这样的运动。相反，选择适合你的生活方式、能力和品味的活动。因此可知汤姆想继续锻炼，但觉得跑步不舒服。我建议他应该选择适合他自己的生活方式、能力和品味的活动。故答案为I advise him to pick activities that fit his lifestyle, abilities and taste.
5．根据“Science shows that there is a right way to build habits that last. Here are some tips to make exercise one of them.”科学表明，有一种正确的方法可以培养持久的习惯。以下是一些建议，让锻炼成为其中之一。结合文章内容，可知本文主要讲述了一些培养锻炼成为持久习惯的建议。故答案为Some tips for making exercise a lasting habit.

Exercise 3
（2022·江苏·兴化市教师发展中心一模）

On Feb 24,18-year-old Olympic snowboarding（单板滑雪）gold medalist（奖牌得主） Su Yiming received a very special letter, from President Xi Jinping.
In the letter, Xi congratulated（祝贺） Su and other athletes on their outstanding achievements at the Beijing Winter Olympics.
Xi said that the new era（时代）is the era of dream chasers（追逐者）, reported China Daily. It is one for young people to realize their dreams. He hopes that young Chinese people always keep the motherland in their hearts, aim high（志存高远）, and stay grounded（脚踏实地的）.
Xi’s letter was in response（回应）to one from Su. “When I won the gold medal, I was so excited. I realized that because of my great motherland, I have achieved where I am. I had a sudden urge（情不自禁）to write a letter to President Xi,” Su told Peopled Daily. “I really want to thank him from the bottom of my heart.” In his letter to Xi, Su said he would keep working hard and serve the nation.
In 2019, Xi met with athletes and coaches at the National Winter Sports Training Center in Beijing. Su was one of the athletes. What impressed Su most was that Xi “told us to aim high and to show the new generation（一代人）of Chinese youth on the world stage”.
“His encouragement changed me a lot. I decided to believe in myself, and that I must give it my all to realize my dream,” Su noted.
How did it feel to receive a reply from Xi? “I couldn’t believe it at first,” Su told Peopled Daily. “This has encouraged me to work even harder in the future.”
1．How old is Su Yiming?
____________________________________________________________________
2．What happened to Su Yiming on Feb. 24?
____________________________________________________________________
3．Why did Su Yiming write a letter to Xi?
____________________________________________________________________
4．When did Xi meet with Su?
____________________________________________________________________
5．How did Su Yiming feel after receiving Xi’s reply?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文讲述苏翊鸣写信给习主席表达感谢，后来收到了习主席的回信。
【答案】
1．18 years old/18.
2．He received a very special letter from President Xi Jinping.
3．To thank Xi from the bottom of his heart.
4．In 2019.
5．He couldn’t believe it at first. / Happy and excited.
【解析】
1．根据第一段“18-year-old Olympic snowboarding gold medalist Su Yiming”可知，苏翊鸣18岁。故填18 years old/18.
2．根据第一段“On Feb 24,18-year-old Olympic snowboarding gold medalist Su Yiming received a very special letter, from President Xi Jinping”可知，在2月24日，苏翊鸣收到习主席的一封很特殊的信。故填He received a very special letter from President Xi Jinping.
3．根据第四段“I really want to thank him from the bottom of my heart”可知，苏翊鸣写信是为了从心底感谢习主席。故填To thank Xi from the bottom of his heart.
4．根据第五段“In 2019, Xi met with athletes and coaches at the National Winter Sports Training Center in Beijing. Su was one of the athletes”可知，2019年习主席和运动员和教练见面，苏翊鸣是运动员其中一个。故填In 2019.
5．根据最后一段“I couldn’t believe it at first”可知，苏翊鸣收到习主席的信一开始不能相信，可知他很开心很兴奋。故填He couldn’t believe it at first. / Happy and excited.

Exercise 4
（2022·湖南长沙·二模）
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
In ancient times, people depended on stars to guide them on a clear night. Today, we have navigational systems (导航系统) to help us find our way. The recent one is the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).
The Chinese engineers built the BDS independently. With the launch of the last satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June 23, 2021, the global (全球的) network of 59 satellites has been completed. On July 31 of the same year, Beidou started providing services to the world. It’s difficult to imagine.

BDS
When you unlock one of Hellobike’s bicycles, you are using the BDS. Users can also find shared bikes more easily thanks to Beidou’s positioning service.
However, the BDS doesn’t just work one way. As the country’s largest space-based system and one of four global navigation networks, Beidou has a two-way communication system, including its ability to receive messages sent by people from areas with poor communication signals. Obviously, it isn’t designed for users to chat online. Instead, it plays a role when disasters happen and communications are blocked.
After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, all ground-based communication facilities (设施) were interrupted. Though the first generation of Beidou could only send 120 characters in a single message at that time, communication between affected areas and rescue centers was successful. Now, Beidou can send 1,200 Chinese characters in a single message.
As Sun Jiadong, former chief designer of the BDS said, “The application( 应用) of Beidou is only limited by imagination.”
1．What’s the recent navigational system?
____________________________________________________________________
2．When did the BDS start providing services to the world?
____________________________________________________________________
3．What communication system does BDS have?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How many Chinese characters can Beidou send in a single message now?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System? Why?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述北斗卫星导航系统的应用和各种用途。
【答案】
1．The recent one is the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).
2．On July 31, 2021.
3．Beidou has a two-way communication system.
4．Now, Beidou can send 1,200 Chinese characters in a single message.
5．Beidou Navigation Satellite System is quite useful and helpful. Because it is convenient for people to find their way and find shared bikes more easily. The application of Beidou is only limited by imagination.
【解析】
1．根据第一段“The recent one is the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)”可知，现在的导航是北斗卫星导航系统。故填The recent one is the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).
2．根据第二段“on June 23, 2021, the global network of 59 satellites has been completed. On July 31 of the same year, Beidou started providing services to the world”可知，北斗卫星导航系统在2021年7月31日开始给世界提供服务。故填On July 31, 2021.
3．根据第四段“Beidou has a two-way communication system”可知，北斗有双向通信系统。故填Beidou has a two-way communication system.
4．根据倒数第二段“Now, Beidou can send 1,200 Chinese characters in a single message”可知，现在北斗单条信息可以发送1200个汉字。故填Now, Beidou can send 1,200 Chinese characters in a single message.
5．根据第一段“Today, we have navigational systems to help us find our way”，第三段“When you unlock one of Hellobike’s bicycles, you are using the BDS. Users can also find shared bikes more easily thanks to Beidou’s positioning service”及“The application of Beidou is only limited by imagination”可知北斗系统非常有用，它使生活便利，故填Beidou Navigation Satellite System is quite useful and helpful. Because it is convenient for people to find their way and find shared bikes more easily. The application of Beidou is only limited by imagination.

Exercise 5
（2022·北京西城·九年级期末）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Game Ideas for Focus & Concentration (注意力) for Teenagers
Besides their studies, teenagers often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events. With so much to stay on top of, it’s easy for them to become stressed out and disorganized. They need help to improve focus and concentration through games. Here are some games that improve concentration, attention and memory.
Brainteasers
Brainteasers give the teenage mind a workout. Brainteasers challenge players with simple-looking tasks, such as matching and recalling patterns. However, they test and improve focus by requiring the player to use speed and logic (逻辑). They also improve concentration, attention, reaction and other cognitive (认知的) skills when played often. Challenge teenagers to complete one or two brainteasers every night from an activity book or website. Riddles and puzzles also exercise cognitive abilities related to focus.
Physical Challenges     
Physical exercise is important for healthy teenage development in several ways. Not only does exercise keep the body fit and in shape, but it also helps strengthen the mind by supplying more oxygen (O2) to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells (细胞). Get teenagers outside so that they can develop social skills. Challenge teenagers to relay races, jump rope or hula-hooping competitions, volleyball or other games that encourage physical activity.
Board Games   
Board games such as chess and checkers aren’t the only games that improve concentration, focus and problem-solving skills. Even silly games for a group of players can improve cognitive abilities such as memory, concentration and focus. Laughter and lighthearted play during family game night stimulate (促进) areas of the brain related to creativity and learning while encouraging socialization that improves brain health.
1．Besides their studies, what do teenagers often do?
____________________________________________________________________
2．What games challenge players with simple-looking tasks?
____________________________________________________________________
3．How can physical exercise help strengthen the mind?
____________________________________________________________________
4．What can stimulate areas of the brain related to creativity and learning during family game night?
____________________________________________________________________
5．Which game mentioned in the passage is your favorite? Why?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】文章主要是针对青少年的专注和集中的游戏理念，介绍了一些能提高注意力和记忆力的游戏。
【答案】
1．They often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events.
3．Brainteasers.
3．By supplying more oxygen to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells.
4．Laughter and lighthearted play.
5．Board Games. Because these games can improve my concentration, focus and problem-solving skills.
【解析】
1．根据“Besides their studies, teenagers often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events.”可知除了学习，青少年还经常参加体育运动、课外活动和社会活动。故填They often take part in sports, after-school activities and social events.
2．根据“Brainteasers challenge players with simple-looking tasks, such as matching and recalling patterns.”可知智力题会用看似简单的任务挑战玩家。故填Brainteasers.
3．根据“Not only does exercise keep the body fit and in shape, but it also helps strengthen the mind by supplying more oxygen (O2) to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells.”可知体育锻炼通过向大脑提供更多的氧气，帮助它处理和回忆信息，唤醒脑细胞来增强心智。故填By supplying more oxygen to the brain, helping it process and recall information and awakening brain cells.
4．根据“Laughter and lighthearted play during family game night stimulate areas of the brain related to creativity and learning while encouraging socialization that improves brain health.”可知在家庭游戏之夜，笑声和轻松的玩耍可以刺激大脑中与创造力和学习有关的区域。故填Laughter and lighthearted play.
5．主观题，选出自己最喜欢的游戏，给出合理的原因即可。故填Board Games. Because these games can improve my concentration, focus and problem-solving skills.

Exercise 6
（2022·江苏盐城·一模）
阅读短文，回答问题。

A black boy helped his father take care of barrels. Every morning he cleaned every barrel on the farm and then put them in order. He was angry because the wind blew the barrels here and there during the night.
The boy wrote a letter to the wind, “Please don’t blow down my barrels.” After seeing that, his father asked the boy, “Can the wind receive your letter?” The little boy said, “I don’t know, but I have no other choices.”
The next morning, when the little boy went to see barrels, he found that the wind still blew barrels down. The little boy couldn’t help crying. His father said gently, “Boy, don’t be sad. We may have no way of how to stop the wind from doing that, but we can come up with our own ways to barrels.”
Then the little boy stopped crying to think over and over. After thinking for half a day, he finally found out a way. He collected some water from the river and poured it into those empty barrels. On the third morning, the little boy went out and saw barrels were in good order.
The little boy told his father calmly, “We don’t want barrels blown down by the wind, we have no way to the wind, but we have ways to barrels. It’s a very simple way, that is, to add water to barrels.” “You are a young adult now,” said his father happily.
1．Where did the black boy help his father?
____________________________________________________________________
2．What did he find the next morning?
____________________________________________________________________
3．When did the little boy see the barrels were in good order?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How did the boy stop the wind from blowing down barrels?
____________________________________________________________________
5．Why did the father say the boy was an adult?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述一名小男孩用增加重量的方式解决桶被风吹乱问题的故事告诉我们：要学会换个角度思考问题。
【答案】
1．On the farm.
2．The wind still blew barrels down.
3．On the third morning.
4．By pouring water into empty barrels./By adding water into empty barrels.
5．Because he solved the problem alone.（答案符合题意即可）
【解析】
1．
根据“A black boy helped his father take care of barrels. Every morning he cleaned every barrel on the farm and then put them in order.”可知，男孩在农场里帮忙。故填On the farm.
2．
根据“The next morning, when the little boy went to see barrels, he found that the wind still blew barrels down.”可知，第二天早上，他发现风仍然把桶吹下来。故填The wind still blew barrels down.
3．
根据“On the third morning, the little boy went out and saw barrels were in good order.”可知，在第三天上午，他发现木桶摆放整齐。故填On the third morning.
4．
根据“He collected some water from the river and poured it into those empty barrels.”可知，男孩在空桶里装水，这样阻止了风把木桶吹落。故填By pouring water into empty barrels./By adding water into empty barrels.
5．
通读全文可知，男孩换个角度思考问题，用增加重量的方式解决桶被风吹乱问题，因此父亲很欣慰。故填Because he solved the problem alone.（答案符合题意即可）

Exercise 7
（2022·江苏淮安·一模）

After the 2022 Spring Festival Gala, an amazing show called The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting (《只此青绿》) became a hit. The show is based on a classical Chinese painting—A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains by Wang Ximeng, an artist who lived during the Song dynasty(960-1279). Watching the show is like going on a journey back to the Song dynasty. The painting is now kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
Netizens made a word for the challenging move—“blue-green waist”(青绿腰). In fact, the bend(弯曲) in the show is meant to sketch the shape of steep cliffs and winding mountains in the painting. A number of people take on the challenge by bending backward. Some dancers even bend backward at a 90-degree angle. The graceful but difficult backbend has become popular. However, without years of training or proper instructions, people may hurt their bones.
The dancers in the show have trained for years before getting on stage. To show the beauty of the painting through traditional Chinese dance movements, the directors studied a lot of materials and read almost all the poems of the Song dynasty. It took them almost 20 months to put the show on the stage.
1．Who painted A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains?
____________________________________________________________________
2．Where is the painting kept now?
____________________________________________________________________
3．What is the bend meant to sketch, the shape of steep cliffs or winding mountains?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How do a number of people take on the challenge?
____________________________________________________________________
5．How long did it take the directors to put the show on the stage?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文以舞剧《只此青绿》阐述了近年来，中国传统文化的节目越来越受欢迎，因为人们对传统文化更加开放；年轻人为中国传统文化感到自豪。
【答案】
1．Wang Ximeng.
2．In the Palace Museum in Beijing.
3．Both.
4．By bending backward.
5．20 months.
【解析】
1．根据“The show is based on a classical Chinese painting—A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains by Wang Ximeng”可知，王希孟画了《千里江山图》，故填Wang Ximeng.
2．根据“The painting is now kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing.”可知，这幅画现在保存在北京故宫博物院。故填In the Palace Museum in Beijing.
3．根据“In fact, the bend(弯曲) in the show is meant to sketch the shape of steep cliffs and winding mountains in the painting.”可知，展览中的弯曲是为了勾勒出画中陡峭的悬崖和蜿蜒的山脉的形状。故填Both.
4．根据“A number of people take on the challenge by bending backward.”可知，许多人接受了向后弯腰的挑战。故填By bending backward.
5．根据“It took them almost 20 months to put the show on the stage.”可知，他们花了将近20个月的时间才把这部剧搬上舞台。故填20 months.

Exercise 8
（2022·江苏盐城·一模）
阅读与回答问题。
A robot reporter — Xiao Nan
Guangzhou-based Southern Metropolis Daily published its story written by a robot.
The article was 300 characters long and focused on the Spring Festival rush.
Its writer, Xiao Nan, took only a second to finish writing the piece and is able to write short stories and long reports as well, according to Wang Jun, a professor at Nanjing University who leads the team studying and developing such robots.
“When compared with the human reporters, Xiao Nan is quicker at writing stories because of its strong database (数据库),” he said.
But it does not mean that robots will soon be able to completely replace human reporters. According to Professor Wang, Xiao Nan, at present, is unable to carry out face-to-face interviews with the follow-up questions.
And it does not have the ability to select the news angle from an interview or a speech, either.
So, at present it seems that there is no need to fear that robots will take the place of human reporters. “They can now only provide support for newspapers, editors, and reporters,” said Professor Wang.
1．Who wrote the 300 character-long article?
____________________________________________________________________
2．What did the article focus on?
____________________________________________________________________
3．According to Professor Wang, why can Xiao Nan write more quickly?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How many disadvantages are talked about robot reporters?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of Xiao Nan?
____________________________________________________________________
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了机器人记者“小南”。
【答案】
1．A robot called Xiao Nan.
2．The Spring Festival rush.
3．Because of its strong database.
4．Two.
5．Useful//Helpful//Interesting.
【解析】
1．根据“Guangzhou-based Southern Metropolis Daily published its story written by a robot. The article was 300 characters long and focused on the Spring Festival rush. Its writer, Xiao Nan”可知这篇300字的文章是机器人小南写的。故填A robot called Xiao Nan.
2．根据“The article was 300 characters long and focused on the Spring Festival rush.”可知这篇文章是关于春运的。故填The Spring Festival rush.
3．根据“When compared with the human reporters, Xiao Nan is quicker at writing stories because of its strong database”可知小南写得快是因为强大的数据库。故填Because of its strong database.
4．根据“According to Professor Wang, Xiao Nan, at present, is unable to carry out face-to-face interviews with the follow-up questions. And it does not have the ability to select the news angle from an interview or a speech, either.”可知文中提到了机器人记者的两个缺点。故填Two.
5．主观发挥题，言之有理即可。根据文章内容可知机器人小南能写文章，是有用的，能为报纸、编辑、记者提供支持，是有帮助的，而机器人写文章这一现象是有趣的。故填Useful//Helpful//Interesting.

Exercise 9
（2022·湖南·长沙市雅礼实验中学九年级阶段练习）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

The Olympic flame has been put out, marking the end of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. In the closing ceremony, International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach called the Games “truly exceptional”. “The Olympic spirit could only shine so brightly because the Chinese people set the stage in such an excellent way and in a safe way,” he said.
At Beijing 2022, a total of 2,877 players of 91 countries and regions（国家和地区）competed for 109 gold medals. Through 17 days of excellent performances on the ice and snow, 17 Olympic records, including two world records, were broken.
As the first city to ever host both the Summer and Winter Olympics, Beijing provided thoughtful services to all the players. Beijing 2022 was the first international sport event to be held during the COVID-19 pandemic. Players were kept safe with the help of a closed loop（闭环）, preventing any imported cases（输入性病例）from spreading to the outside public. “With an infection rate（感染率）of 0.01, it was one of the safest places on the planet, if not the safest place on the planet, and this is a great achievement,” said Bach.
The popularity of ice and snow sports is growing around China. The country has achieved its goal to make 300 million people take part in winter sports. Winter sports facilities（设施）have even spread to the southern parts of China where winters are warmer.
1．Why could the Olympic spirit shine brightly according to Bach?
____________________________________________________________________
2．How long did the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing last?
____________________________________________________________________
3．Is Beijing the only city that has hosted both Summer and Winter Olympics?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How were the players kept safe during the 2022 Winter Olympics?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What is China’s goal of hosting the Winter Olympics?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会的相关内容。
【答案】
1．Because the Chinese people set the stage in such an excellent way and in a safe way.
2．For 17 days.
3．Yes, it is.
4．With the help of a closed loop.
5．To make 300 million people take part in winter sports.
【解析】
1．根据“ ‘The Olympic spirit could only shine so brightly because the Chinese people set the stage in such an excellent way and in a safe way,’ he said.”可知，只有中国人民以如此优秀和安全的方式搭建了舞台，奥林匹克精神才能如此闪耀。故填Because the Chinese people set the stage in such an excellent way and in a safe way.
2．根据“Through 17 days of excellent performances on the ice and snow, 17 Olympic records, including two world records, were broken.”可知，持续了17天，故填For 17 days.
3．根据“As the first city to ever host both the Summer and Winter Olympics, Beijing provided thoughtful services to all the players. ”可知，北京是唯一一个举办过夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会的城市，故填Yes.
4．根据“Players were kept safe with the help of a closed loop（闭环）, preventing any imported cases（输入性病例）from spreading to the outside public.”可知，在闭环管理的帮助下，运动员们的安全得到了保护，故填With the help of a closed loop.
5．根据“The country has achieved its goal to make 300 million people take part in winter sports.”可知，是为了让3亿人参加冬季运动，故填To make 300 million people take part in winter sports.

Exercise 10
（2022·湖南长沙·一模）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

A 46-year-old Chinese climber reached the tallest peak（山峰）in the world on May 24, 2021. He has become the first blind person in Asia and the third in the world to reach the top of Qomolangma. The brave man is Zhang Hong. He was born in Chongqing. At the age of 21, he lost his eyesight because of an eye disease（疾病）.
Zhang prepared for the big day for five years. And he climbed the mountain along with three guides. “There are of course difficulties and dangers, but they are the meaning of climbing, ” says Zhang. He was inspired by Erik Weihenmayer, the blind American climber who reached the top of Qomolangma in 2001. Sixteen years later, a climber from Austria became the second blind person to reach the peak.
       “Erik Weihenmayer inspired me to have such a dream. Now it has come true. There are so many other people like me around the world. I hope what I’ve done can be an inspiration for them, too,” Zhang says. “As long as you have a strong mind, it doesn’t matter whether you’re disabled or not. Even if others think it impossible for you to achieve your dream, all you need to do is believe in yourself and stick to it. You’ll finally make it,” he adds.
       For Zhang, this success is not the end but just a start. He has decided to take on new challenges. He is going to climb the highest peaks on all seven continents（州）and then travel to the North and South Poles.
1．When did Zhang Hong reach the top of Qomolangma?
____________________________________________________________________
2．Did Zhang climb the mountain alone?
____________________________________________________________________
3．According to Zhang, what does a person need to do to achieve his or her dream?
____________________________________________________________________
4．What does Zhang plan to do after his success?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of the first blind Asian climber?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文主要讲述了一个失明的登山者成功登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事。
【答案】
1．On May 24, 2021.
2．No, he didn’t.
3．Believe in himself or herself and stick to it./Believe in himself or herself and stick to the dream.
4．Climb the highest peaks on all seven continents and then travel to the North and South Poles.
5．He is brave./He is positive./He is determined./He is strong-minded.
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“46-year-old Chinese climber reached the tallest peak in the world on May 24, 2021.”可知，Zhang Hong登上世界最高峰的时间是2021年的5月24日，故填On May 24, 2021.
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“And he climbed the mountain along with three guides.”可知，Zhang Hong是跟三个向导一起爬山的，并不是独自一人。故填No, he didn’t.
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“all you need to do is believe in yourself and stick to it. You’ll finally make it.”可知，人最终会实现梦想，只要相信自己并且坚持下去。故填Believe in himself or herself and stick to it./Believe in himself or herself and stick to the dream.
4．细节理解题。根据第四段“He is going to climb the highest peaks on all seven continents and then travel to the North and South Poles.”可知，Zhang Hong打算继续挑战自己，他要攀登七大洲的最高峰，然后前往北极和南极。故填Climb the highest peaks on all seven continents and then travel to the North and South Poles.
5．本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据文章大意可知，Zhang Hong作为第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的亚洲盲人，拥有梦想并且努力坚持， 因此描述他应当使用积极词汇，故填He is brave./He is positive./He is determined./He is strong-minded.

Exercise 11
（2022·广东·珠海市文园中学一模）
请阅读一篇关于学习雷锋的短文，根据短文内容，回答问题。
March 5 is a special day for Chinese people because of the name Lei Feng. Lei Feng was an ordinary young soldier whose only goal was to serve the people. He was born in 1940 and died at the age of 22 because of an unfortunate accident while he was working. In 1963, Chairman Mao Zedong designated the day as “Learn From Lei Feng Day”.
Most people born in the 1960s or 1970s keep the strong admiration for the spirit of Lei Feng. What about young people today? Do they still believe in Lei Feng and follow his spirit? The following examples may answer the question.
In 2011, 27-year-old Zhang Liangliang and his friends made a movie where an ordinary guy tries to become a superhero by emulating Lei Feng. The movie named Lei Feng Xia has been seen by millions of people online.
“Some people these days are only interested in success, fame, and money, which means they’re not really well-grounded（脚踏实地）. They need to go back to a good starting point.” said Wang Wei, a young teacher from Zhuhai.
“We can see great things from what Lei Feng did, even though they were just small things. It’s just like the reflection of the sun in a drop of water. It’s our duty to learn from him.” said Li Huanyue, a student from Wen Yuan Middle School.
And with the development of society, learning from Lei Feng should be more realistic and modern than before. In order to do this, Guangdong government announced the new slogan “do each other a favor”. And in Changsha, Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng, the slogan was also updated from “devote yourself to benefit others” to “do my duty”.
1．Where was Lei Feng born?
____________________________________________________________________
2．When did Lei Feng die?
____________________________________________________________________
3．What was Lei Feng’s only goal?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How did people watch the movie “Lei Feng Xia”?
____________________________________________________________________
5．Why did Guangdong government announce the new slogan?
____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文主要介绍了“学习雷锋日”以及不同的人对雷锋精神的态度等。
【答案】
1．Lei Feng was born in Changsha, Hunan.
2．Lei Feng died in 1962.
3．His only goal was to serve the people.
4．They watched it online.
5．Because with the development of society, learning from Lei Feng should be more realistic and modern than before.
【解析】
1．根据“And in Changsha, Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng”可知，雷锋出生于湖南长沙，故填Lei Feng was born in Changsha, Hunan.
2．根据“He was born in 1940 and died at the age of 22”可知，雷锋死于1962年，故填Lei Feng died in 1962.
3．根据“Lei Feng was an ordinary young soldier whose only goal was to serve the people.”可知，他的唯一目标是为人民服务，故填His only goal was to serve the people.
4．根据“The movie named Lei Feng Xia has been seen by millions of people online.”可知，这部电影已经在网上被数百万人观看，故填They watched it online.
5．根据“And with the development of society, learning from Lei Feng should be more realistic and modern than before. In order to do this, Guangdong government announced the new slogan “do each other a favor”.”可知，随着社会的发展，向雷锋学习应该比以前更加现实和现代，为了做到这一点，广东省政府宣布了新的口号“互相帮助”，故填Because with the development of society, learning from Lei Feng should be more realistic and modern than before.

Exercise 12
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
Ms. Lauren, a school head teacher, has asked the students to put down notes of what they have learned based on their own experiences. Here is some of what she’s got.
*Don’t cough in other people’s faces, especially if you don’t know them.
*You’d better not eat cheese cakes in front of your mum when she’s on a diet.
*Don’t tell a teacher your dog ate your homework, especially if you don’t have a dog.
*You only have one life. So be careful.
*Never leave your little sister alone with your toys.
*The funnier you are, the better life is.
—Alex, age 12
*Check if there is toilet paper before you sit down.
*When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.
*Keep your room messy so your mum will be afraid to come in, and then she won’t take your favourites.
*When your friends do something stupid, you don’t have to follow.
*If you slow down and take your time, your work is better.
—Jackie, age 14
*When your mum is mad, hide the things you want.
*Never, ever say “I hate you”.
*Even if nothing is in the fridge, don’t eat dog food. Believe me, you won’t like it!
*Don’t judge people by their looks. Someone could be bad-looking and still be nice.
—Katie, age 13
*Life is like a “choose your own ending” book—you can take whatever adventures（冒险）you want.
*Being nice can get you somewhere.
*Never ask your dad to help you with a maths problem. It will be a three-hour lesson.
*If you have a problem, share it with your mum.
*People who do unkind things to you are not your friends.
—Sally, age 15
1．Why does Alex advise us not to eat cheese cakes in front of our mum?
____________________________________________________________________
2．What does Jackie think of telling lies?
____________________________________________________________________
3．How does Katie deal with mad mum? ____________________________________________________________________
4．Why does Sally ask others for help with a maths problem instead of her father?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What will Ms. Lauren possibly do with the notes? ____________________________________________________________________
【短文大意】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了一个学校校长Lauren女士让她的学生们记录下学生自己的生活经历都学到了什么。
【答案】
1．Because she’s on a diet.
2．When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.
3．She hides the things she wants.
4．Because it will be a three-four lesson.
5．She will keep the notes and share them with her students.
1．根据文中“You’d better not eat cheese cakes in front of your mum when she’s on a diet.”可知，当妈妈正在节食的时候，不要在她面前吃奶酪蛋糕。故填Because she’s on a diet.
2．根据文中“When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.”可知，当你说了一个谎话，你不得不一直得说谎。故填When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.
3．根据文中“When your mum is mad, hide the things you want.”可知，当你的妈妈发疯的时候，藏起来你想要的东西。注意问题问的是“Katie”如何做，所以要把“you”变成“she”，谓语动词要变三单，故填She hides the things she wants.
4．根据文中“Never ask your dad to help you with a maths problem. It will be a three-hour lesson.”可知，永远不要让你的爸爸帮助你解决数学问题，那可能是一节三、四个小时的课。故填Because it will be a three-four lesson.
5．仅供参考。开放性回答，言之有理即可。参考答案为She will keep the notes and share them with her students.

Exercise 13
（2022·北京·101中学模拟预测）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Every year in March, while the two sessions (两会) are being held in Beijing. Government officials give reports to the public. They hold news conferences and answer questions from journalists from both home and abroad. During this time, a lot of people are paying attention to China. For this reason, interpreters (口译员) play a very important role and sometimes share the spotlight at these news conferences.
Zhang Lu is a professional interpreter. She usually interprets for top leaders, including Premier Li Keqiang and former premier Wen Jiabao. Zhang is known for her translations of Chinese literary quotes that are sometimes used by state leaders. From the ancient poem Li Sao to the shi, ci and qu writing of later dynasties, she can interpret them right on the spot.
How are interpreters like Zhang able to work so accurately and quickly?
The source of their ability is largely hard work. Most of them majored in English in college and went through a great deal of training. After they become interpreters, they never stop learning. Zhang watches and listens to foreign media such as BBC, VOA and CNN on TV or the radio every day as part of her training. She described it as an “unshakable routine” that she doesn’t break unless there is urgent work.
According to China Radio International, a month before the two sessions, the interpreters are told who they are going to interpret for. They then make full use of the month to prepare themselves. They try to predict what kinds of questions might be asked. They also look at literary quotes that the spokesperson might plan to use when they answer questions.
There is no “secret” to the success of China’s best interpreters. It’s all a matter of skill and hard work.
1．When and where are the two sessions held every year?
____________________________________________________________________
2．What does Zhang Lu do?
____________________________________________________________________
3．What is Zhang Lu known for?
____________________________________________________________________
4．How long are the interpreters told to prepare for the two sessions?
____________________________________________________________________
5．What’s the passage mainly about?
____________________________________________________________________
【导语】本文以张璐为例介绍了口译员们成功背后所付出的努力，说明技能和勤奋会带来成功。
【答案】
1．They are held in Beijing every year in March.
2．She is a professional interpreter.
3．She is known for her translations of Chinese literary quotes (that are sometimes used by state leaders).
4．For a month.
5．The passage is mainly about how to be a good and successful interpreter.
【解析】
1．根据“Every year in March, while the two sessions are being held in Beijing.”可知两会每年三月在北京举办。故填They are held in Beijing every year in March.
2．根据“Zhang Lu is a professional interpreter.”可知张璐是一名专业口译员。故填She is a professional interpreter.
3．根据“Zhang is known for her translations of Chinese literary quotes that are sometimes used by state leaders.”可知张璐因翻译中国文学名言而出名。故填She is known for her translations of Chinese literary quotes (that are sometimes used by state leaders).
4．根据“According to China Radio International, a month before the two sessions, the interpreters are told who they are going to interpret for. They then make full use of the month to prepare themselves.”可知口译员们要为两会准备一个月。故填For a month.
5．通读全文可知本文以张璐为例介绍了口译员们成功背后所付出的努力，说明技能和勤奋会带来成功。即“如何成为一名优秀和成功的口译员”。故填The passage is mainly about how to be a good and successful interpreter.

Exercise 14
（2022·北京大兴·九年级期末）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Global Warming
Satter lives in Bonnotola (BT) in southwestern Bangladesh (孟加拉国) . The small seaside village was once home to 2,000 people. Most of them were farmers, like Satter. But rising seas poisoned (毒化) the soil with salt water. Two major storms in the last two years destroyed the mud barriers (土坝) that protected the village from the sea. Today, only 480 people remain.
“The effects of global warming are destroying parts of Bangladesh,” said Mohammad who is the head of the research center PRD．
Salt in soil has increased by 26 percent over the past 35 years. In 1973, 833,000 hectares of land were poisoned by sea water. Areas of fresh water were also poisoned. This grew to 1.02 million hectares in 2000, and 1.056 million hectares in 2009, reports Bangladesh’s SRDI.
At BT village, the women walk up to 4 kilometers to a well to collect water for cooking and drinking every day. Wells in the area only have fresh water in the months after yearly heavy rains. In the summer, fresh water is difficult to find, said one of the women, Halder.
The villages lie in Bangladesh’s southwestern Shyamnagar area. The area is home to 400,000 people. Officials say the government does not have the money to build desalination factories. “The area needs maybe 500 desalination factories. But we’ve only got 50,” said Alamgir head of a local organization.
The United Nations made a report that warned global warming would get worse in the coming years even if humans immediately stopped producing carbon gas.
After the UN report, the question remains: Will world leaders choose to protect the environment?
No matter what the world leaders do, there are a lot of ways individual (个体) people can make choices to protect the environment. People can change what they eat or travel without getting on an airplane, for example.
Benjamin Clarysse is a bio-engineer who works with a number of environmental groups in northern Belgium. He warns, political leaders still need to promise changes. They cannot just depend on citizens doing their part. “They cannot just say that everyone should just do a little bit of the work,” Clarysse said. “Depending on just the goodwill of people won’t get you there.”
1．What destroyed the mud barriers from the Village BT?
____________________________________________________________________
2．Why do women walk up to a well at BT village every day?
____________________________________________________________________
3．How many desalination factories does Shyamnagar area have?
____________________________________________________________________
4．According to the passage, who are supposed to protect the environment?
____________________________________________________________________
5．How can we deal with global warming?
____________________________________________________________________
【本文大意】这篇短文主要讲述了全球变暖的影响正在摧毁孟加拉国的部分地区，世界领导人和每个人应该选择保护环境。
【答案】
1．Two major storms in the last two years destroyed the mud barriers that protected the village from the sea./Two major storms in the last two years./Two major storms/ Storms.
2．Because they want to collect water./To collect water for cooking and drinking./ To collect water./For water./For cooking/drinking.
3．They have 50 desalination factories./Fifty./50.
4．World leaders and individual people are supposed to protect the environment together./Political leaders and citizens./Every one.
5．We can change what we eat or travel./We can go to school by bike./We should use less plastic bags.
【解析】
1．根据文中“Two major storms in the last two years destroyed the mud barriers (土坝) that protected the village from the sea.”可知，过去两年中的两次大风暴摧毁了保护村庄免受海水侵袭的泥障。故填Two major storms in the last two years destroyed the mud barriers that protected the village from the sea./Two major storms in the last two years./Two major storms/ Storms.
2．根据文中“At BT village, the women walk up to 4 kilometers to a well to collect water for cooking and drinking every day.”可知，因为他们想收集饮用的水来做饭，故填Because they want to collect water./To collect water for cooking and drinking./ To collect water./For water./For cooking/drinking.
3．根据文中“The area needs maybe 500 desalination factories.”可知，他们有50家海水淡化工厂。故填They have 50 desalination factories./Fifty./50.
4．根据文中“No matter what the world leaders do, there are a lot of ways individual (个体) people can make choices to protect the environment. People can change what they eat or travel without getting on an airplane, for example.”可知，世界领导人和每个公民应该共同保护环境。故填World leaders and individual people are supposed to protect the environment together./Political leaders and citizens./Every one.
5．根据文中“People can change what they eat or travel without getting on an airplane, for example.”可知，我们可以改变我们的饮食或旅行，我们可以骑自行车，或少用塑料袋。故填We can change what we eat or travel./We can go to school by bike./We should use less plastic bags.

Exercise 15
（2022·广东茂名·九年级期末）
回答问题。
Fourteen years ago, President Xi Jinping said “clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets (绿水青山就是金山银山)”. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), the central government has placed great importance on environmental protection. Great achievements have been made in this area in recent decades through strong measures (措施).
•Fighting desertification (荒漠化防治)
Desertification has been a major challenge for China. In the early 21st century, many parts of the country, including Xinjiang, Gansu and Inner Mongolia, were affected by sandstorms (沙尘暴).They usually happen in deserts. They can do great harm to plants, animals and buildings.
In recent years, the government has tried to prevent deserts from growing in size and bringing more sandstorms. Planting trees has played an important role. China’s total forest coverage (覆盖率) rose from 12 percent in the 1980s to 23.04 now. The total desert coverage has been reduced by an average of 2,424 square kilometers every year. That’s as big as 340,000 soccer fields.
One example of this is the Mu Us Desert (毛乌素沙漠), one of China’s four major deserts. One fourth of the desert has been turned into forest.
•Air pollution control
China has improved its air quality in recent years as efforts to control air pollution take effect.
Back in January 2013, thick smog (雾霾) covered a total area of 2.7 million square kilometers in cities around China.
To solve this problem, the government took a series of measures to control air pollution, particularly in three major regions: the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cluster, the Yangtze River Delta and the Fenhe-Weihe River Plain.
1．Who issued (提出) the call “clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”?
____________________________________________________________________
2．What has played an important part in preventing deserts from growing?
____________________________________________________________________
3．Which desert has been turned a quarter of it into forest?
____________________________________________________________________
4．What is the percentage of China’s total forest coverage now?
____________________________________________________________________
5．How many measures that are taken by the central government are mentioned?
____________________________________________________________________
【本文大意】本文主要讲述了中央政府高度重视环境保护工作。近年来，通过许多有力措施，在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。
【答案】
1．President Xi Jinping./ Xi Jinping./ President Xi Jinping issued it.
2．Planting trees./ Planting trees has played an important role/part.
3．The Mu Us Desert./ The Mu Us Desert has been turned a quarter of it into forest.
4．23.04%. The percentage of China’s total forest coverage is 23.04%.
5．Two./ 2./ Two measures mentioned.
【解析】
1．根据“Fourteen years ago, President Xi Jinping said “clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”可知，习近平总书记提出了“绿水青山就是金山银山”。故填President Xi Jinping./ Xi Jinping./ President Xi Jinping issued it.
2．根据“Planting trees has played an important role.”可知，植树在荒漠化防治中发挥了重要作用。故填Planting trees./ Planting trees has played an important role/part.
3．根据“One example of this is the Mu Us Desert (毛乌素沙漠), one of China’s four major deserts. One fourth of the desert has been turned into forest.”可知，毛乌素沙漠已经有四分之一变成了森林。故填The Mu Us Desert./ The Mu Us Desert has been turned a quarter of it into forest.
4．根据“China’s total forest coverage (覆盖率) rose from 12 percent in the 1980s to 23.04 now.”可知，中国的森林覆盖率已经达到了23.04%。故填23.04%. The percentage of China’s total forest coverage is 23.04%.
5．根据“In recent years, the government has tried to prevent deserts from growing in size and bringing more sandstorms. Planting trees has played an important role.”以及“To solve this problem, the government took a series of measures to control air pollution, particularly in three major regions”可知，文中主要提到了中央政府的两项措施。故填Two./ 2./ Two measures mentioned.