21-首字母阅读-上海2022年中考英语一模分类汇编

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上海2022年中考英语一模分类汇编--首字母阅读
2022宝山区
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.

A local primary school is considering using tablet computers（平板电脑）in all classrooms from next year. The following text has been written by a teacher at the school.
Should we use tablet computers in the classroom?
The use of tablet computers（or simply“tablets”）in the classroom has become an increasingly popular choice in many primary schools across the country including many in our local area. It is important that we consider this opportunity, but we must also be a _______56_______ of the problems.
On one hand, there are many a____57____to use tablets in the classroom.
Firstly, tablets could improve productivity（ 效 率 ）during the school day. Because of their familiarity with computers and mobile phones, many of our students can type faster than they can write by hand. T___58___ , using tablets in the classroom could reduce the time it takes for them to complete tasks. Additionally, there are endless tablet functions（功能）which could provide interesting teaching a___59___. For example, we could play computer games to teach Maths, or make simple flashes to show how magnets behave. Also, students could take photos outdoors and then use them for writing tasks.
However, we must also consider the possible problems with introducing tablets to our classrooms. Some students may play with the tablets instead of f ___60___ on their work. Another problem is that, while many students can use tablets already, many of our teachers are not good at it and would need to be trained. We may also have problems with the tablets breaking, which would be very expensive to r___61___ . This is in addition to the cost of buying the tablets in the first place.
All in all, even though using tablets in the classroom may have many problems, it seems that it would be a wonderful opportunity for students and teachers at our school. There are a lot of costs indeed, but it would c____62____prove to be a worthwhile investment（物有所值的投资）.
【答案】56. aware
57. advantages
58. Then 59. approaches
60. focusing
61. repair 62. certainly
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个老师就学校使用平板电脑上课这件事发表了自己的观点。说明使用平板电脑上课的优点以及存在的问题，最后这个老师阐明自己的观点，即尽管使用平板电脑上课有许多问题，但是这对于老师和学生来说是一个很好的机会，它被证明是一个物超所值的投资。
【56题详解】
句意：我们考虑这个机会是重要的，但是我们也要意识到问题。
根据空前be可知，空处用形容词，且表示“意识到”，be aware of“意识到”，故答案为aware。
【57题详解】
句意：一方面，在教室中使用平板电脑有许多优势。
根据Firstly, tablets could improve productivity（ 效 率 ）during the school day可知，使用平板电脑可以提高学生们的效率，这些是好处。advantage好处，优势。且根据空前many可知，用复数，故答案为advantages。
58题详解】
句意：然后，在课堂上使用平板电脑对于他们来说可以减少完成任务所花费的时间。
根据全文可知，本段主要讲述使用平板电脑的好处，且根据Firstly, tablets could improve productivity（ 效 率 ）during the school day可知，列举使用平板电脑的好处，then然后，且空位于句首，故答案为Then。
【59题详解】
句意：除此之外，有无尽的平板电脑的功能，这些功能可以提供有趣的教学方法。
根据空前teaching可知，空处用名词。且根据For example, we could play computer games to teach Maths, or make simple flashes to show how magnets behave“例如，我们能够玩电脑游戏来教数学或者用简单的动画来展示磁铁是如何行动的”可知，这些都是教学方法。approach方法，且用复数，故答案为approaches。
【60题详解】
句意：一些学生可能玩平板电脑而不是集中注意力在学习上。
根据句意可知，表示“集中注意了”，focus on集中注意力，且根据空前介词of可知，空处用doing形式，故答案为focusing。
【61题详解】
句意：我们可能也会有平板电脑坏了的问题，修他们会非常昂贵。
根据We may also have problems with the tablets breaking“我们可能也会有平板电脑坏了的问题”可知，表示修他们很贵。repair修，且根据空前to可知，用动词原形，故答案为repair。
【62题详解】
句意：确实有很多成本，但是它肯定会被证明是物有所值的投资。
根据句式可知，空处修饰动词prove，所以用副词。且根据even though using tablets in the classroom may have many problems, it seems that it would be a wonderful opportunity for students and teachers at our school“尽管在教室中使用平板电脑可能会有很多问题，但是对于在我们学校的学生和老师来说似乎是一个极好的机会”可知，表示“肯定会被证明是物有所值的投资”。certainly肯定，故答案为certainly。

2022崇明区
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Would you like to travel space?
It is 2050. Space tourism has become a reality. So would you want to be a space tourist? Here, some middle school students share their opinions.
❖ Jeea，U.K.
I love space very much and would like to be the first teenager to d____81____ a new planet. Then perhaps it would be named after me. I would become famous around the world!
❖ Emily，U.S.
Space exploration can be dangerous. What should I do if 1 get l____82____? I can’t come back to the earth. I am also afraid of heights. It would be very frightening when you look down from a spaceship!
❖ Klaudia，Spain
I would love to go to space because from there I could enjoy a nice v____83____ of the Earth. The blue oceans and green forests on the Earth must be magnificent. What’s more, I am curious about what life is like without gravity (重力). Perhaps it would be fun to play golf in space!
❖ Edward, U.K.
It would be cool. But how lonely and depressed I would be without a____84____ around me! I would miss my family. It also requires a large amount of training to become a space tourist, and I don't think I have time for that. Moreover, I don’t think I can a____85____ a trip to space. That would definitely cost a lot!.
❖ Zainab, South Africa
I’d love to. We studied the solar system in Science classes this semester. I think space is amazing and I desire to know more about it. Unluckily, I have no other way but to search for information about it o____86____. If I can have the chance to travel to space, I would directly see the things I never see on the Earth.
❖ Ana, U.S.
I would not like to be a space tourist. I respect those who love space tourism. For me, I only want to f____87____ on what I have on this planet - my family, my school and my pets. I would like to work hard to make progress in what I am doing.

81. discover 82. lost 83. view 84. anyone/ anybody 85. afford 86. online 87. focus
2022奉贤区
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Once upon a time, there was a family with 8 children living in a village. Two of the children, both boys, loved painting very much, but the family was so p____81____ that it was impossible to send both of them to study at art school at the same time.
After many discussions, the two boys finally worked out a plan. They would toss (抛）a coin. The loser would go down into the mines (煤矿) and with his money, pay for his brother’s college tuition (学费). Then，when the brother who won the toss f____82____ his studies, he would pay for the other brother to study at the college.
One of the brothers, Albrecht Durer, won the toss and his brother Jack went down into the mines. Durer worked with all his h____83____ and his paintings were much better than those of most of his teachers’. He was beginning to make a lot of money for his paintings.
Durer returned. When he told Jack he could go to art college, Jack said softly, “The four years in the mines has done too much to my hands. It is too late. Now I can’t even h____84____ a glass.”
To show his great love and respect to his brother, Durer drew his brother’s hands with palms (手掌) together and thin fingers t____85____ the sky. He called his drawing The Praying Hands, which became very famous years later.
The next time you see a copy of that touching works, take a s____86____ look. Let it be your reminder: No one can ever succeed a____87____!

81. poor 82. finished 83. heart 84. hold 85. to/towards 86. second/serious
87. alone

2022虹口区
Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词， 首字母已给）
Hello, everyone. I arrived in China a few months ago. Like every other foreigner, I had to f ___56___a few “culture shocks”. Here I would like to share a few of such culture shocks.
It is known to all that China holds 20% of world’s total population but even then it comes as a s___57___when one steps outside into public areas and sees a flood of people who at first look almost the same, all dark haired with dark eyes.
The next on my list is the language problem. When one first decides to go to China the first thought that crosses a___58___mind is “how am I going to communicate?!!?” Although most Chinese are very interested in the English language, the fact remains that except the major cities like Beijing and Shanghai, the English language knowledge of most Chinese is very poor if not zero. L____59____ , you would always be able to find help.
The third is the silent but keen interest of Chinese towards the foreigners. There are times when you would be sitting in a bus or just passing by and you would n ____60____ someone trying to take picture.
Now the next one is my f___61___one. Chinese have the same love ... FOOD. You start walking anywhere in China and after every 5 steps you will come across a food stall. Honestly, I have never seen a food place empty in China no matter what is being sold there.
But frankly speaking, no matter what a foreigner goes through, life in China can be a total adventure and one thing is certain that the Chinese are the most h___62___and the most sweet natured people one could ever come across anywhere in the world. Whenever I meet with difficulty, I am sure to get a hand from the strangers to solve my problem.
【答案】56. face
57. shock 58. anyone’s
59. Luckily
60. notice 61. favourite
62. helpful
【解析】
本文主要是作者来到中国后遇到的一些文化冲击，并与我们分享一些这样的文化冲击。
【56题详解】
句意：像所有其他外国人一样，我不得不面对一些“文化冲击”。
分析句子可知，此处表示“面对”的含义，用英语表达是动词face，又因为其前有had to，所以用动词原形，故填face。
【57题详解】
句意： 但即便如此，当你走出家门进入公共区域时，还是会感受到冲击。
分析句子可知，此处表示“冲击”的含义，用英语表达是名词shock又因为其前有a修饰，所以用名词单数即可，故填shock。
【58题详解】
句意：当一个人第一次决定去中国时，他脑海中闪现的第一个想法是“我该如何交流？”
分析句子可知，此处表示“任何人”的含义，用英语表达是anyone，又因为此处作定语修饰其后的名词mind，所以应用其所有格形式，故填anyone's。
【59题详解】
句意：幸运地是，你总能找到帮助。
分析句子可知，此处表示“幸运”的含义，用英语表达是lucky，又因为此处作状语用于句首，所以应用其副词形式并大写首字母，故填Luckily。
60题详解】
句意：你会注意到有人试图拍照。
分析句子可知，此处表示“注意”的含义，用英语表达是动词notice，又因为此处用在would之后，所以需用动词原形，故填notice。
【61题详解】
句意：下一个是我最喜欢的。
分析句子可知，此处表示“最喜欢”的含义，用英语表达是favourite，又因为此处修饰其后的one作定语，所以用其形容词形式即可，故填favourite。
【62题详解】
句意：中国人是最乐于助人的。
分析句子可知，此处表示“乐于助人”的含义，用英语表达是helpful，又因为此处用在be动词are之后作表语，且其前有the most修饰，所以用其形容词原形即可，故填helpful。

2022黄浦区
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Run for Class President
Two months ago, when our class election (选举）started. I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaking in pubic and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was a___81___ that people would feel had for me if I lost.
I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasn’t to make promises to do things I couldn’t m___82___ but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was c___83___ prepared. I felt that my chances of winning were strong.
However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response wasn’t what I had e___84___. Few people actually listened. When it was my opponent’s (对手的) turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and c___85___.
It was obvious who would win. For the rest of the day. I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.
My prediction was right: I didn’t win.
The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended not to hear. But later, things got better. People f___86___ about the election and talked to me just as they did before.
I don’t regret putting time and energy into the election because I’ve learned that things aren’t always going the way I look forward to. And moments of failure like this build c___87___ --- since then I’ve learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.

81. afraid 82. manage 83. completely 84. expected 85. clearer 86. forgot 87. Character

2022嘉定区
Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词， 首字母已给）
Do you remember when you wrote a letter last time? If the answer is “not recently”, don’t worry. You are not a _____56_____ .
A survey of 1,000 teenagers around the world done by a French company BIC found that a third of today’s teenagers had never written a letter, half had not written a thank-you letter, and a quarter had not even written a birthday or Christmas card. In fact, 58 percent of teenagers c___57___ that handwriting was “too slow” and 17 percent believed it was “outdated”.
These results have caused w___58___that the art of handwriting may one day die out
“Hand-writing” is one of the most c____59____ art forms we have and should be given the same importance as other art form such as painting, or photography,” Jonathan Skyrme, general manager at BIC UK & Ireland, told the Daily Mail.
The New York Times once explained that a handwritten letter sends a message in a way that o___60___messages can never do. “When you get an email, you can never be sure that you are the o _____61_____ person to have received it -- or even that it was written by the person who sent it,” said the newspaper.
As US author Simon Garfield once wrote, “Emails are a poke（蜻蜓点水）, but letters are a loving touch.” So imagine the powerful message you send when you actually write out your thought by hand, buy a stamp, take it to a mailbox, and wait days for your special s___62___to receive it.
【答案】56. alone
57. complained
58. worries
59. creative
60. online 61. only
62. stranger
【解析】
作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了关于青少年是否写信的调查，事实显示如今大多数青少年都没写过信，并比较了电子邮件与写信的各自的优点。
【56题详解】
句意：你还记得你上一次写信是什么时候吗？如果答案是：“不是最近”，没关系，并不是只有你。
空格前are是系动词，后接形容词，作表语。根据下文“A survey of 1,000 teenagers around the world done by a French company BIC found that a third of today’s teenagers had never written a letter”，通过调查可知，大部分的青少年都从未写过一封信，根据提示字母，可推测空格处要表述你并不孤单。故答案为alone。
【57题详解】
句意：事实上，58%的青少年抱怨手写信太慢了，17%的青少年认为它已经过时了。
根据句子结构，that引导的是一个宾语从句，空格处是谓语动词，从句中was是一般过去时，所以主句的谓语动词也用一般过去时。根据句意，空格后表述的内容是手写信的不好一面，结合空格处所给的字母，用动词complainted表示抱怨。故答案为complainted.
【58题详解】
句意：这些结果让人们担心，手写艺术可能有一天将会消失。
根据句子结构为一个宾语从句，主语谓语动词cause，后面接名词。根据“the art of handwriting may one day die out”阐述了作者的担忧，所以空格用worry表示担忧，是可数名词，空格前没有不定冠词修饰，所以要用名词复数形式。故答案为worries。
【59题详解】
句意：手写是最有创造力的艺术之一，应该跟其他类似喷绘，摄影等艺术给予同样的重视程度。
最高级的固定用法one+of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最…之一。空格处的形容词是修饰art，结合语境，和空格处所给的首字母，可推测是最有创造力艺术形式之一。故答案为creative。
【60题详解】
句意：纽约时报曾经抱怨，一个手写信在某种程度上传递了一种信息，这是在线消息永远做不到的。
空格处后messages是可数名词复数，前用形容词修饰。根据下文When you get an email，email属于在线的消息，根据首字母提示，空格处用online。故答案为online。
【61题详解】
句意：当你收到一封邮件时，你永远不会确定你是唯一一个收到它的人，甚至你也不知道是谁写的。
空格处后person是可数名词，前用形容词修饰。空格处的句子是在描述在线消息的弊端，结合句意，当你收到邮件时，是无法确定你是唯一的收件人，结合首字母提示，空格处填only。故答案为only。
【62题详解】
句意：所以，想象一下你所传递的强大信息，当你用手写出你内心的感受，买一张邮票，把它放到邮箱里，等待着特别的人收到它。
空格前special是形容词，所以空格处是名词。根据前文“Emails are a poke, but letters are a loving touch”，可知，我们是把信寄给对我们特别的人。结合首字母，填写stranger。故答案为stranger。

2022静安区
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Taking Action
At Seven Oaks Middle School, Daniela Carrera was searching for a club. There was a dance club, a choir, an exercise club, and an action club that found creative ways to raise money for other people. Daniela was thinking about j____81____ the dance club because dancing was her favourite.
Then Daniela’s friend Ciara told her about the action club’s new p____82____. At first, Daniela was puzzled. “Why would people in a nursing home want a video-game console (平台)？” she asked Ciara.
“This would be a s____83____ kind of console that plays fitness games. The games help people who need to exercise but weren’t able to get to a gym or exercise a____84____ out of their rooms. Besides, everybody loves video games, don’t they?” Ciara replied.
“Not my great–grandmother,” Daniela said, laughing. But she agreed to go to the club meeting the next day.
At the meeting, Mr. Washington, the club’s manager, d____85____ to Daniela and the others how fitness video games helped encourage people to move. He explained how the consoles could help distract (使分心) people who s____86____ from severe pains. That was all Daniela needed to hear.
“How can I help?” She asked as she signed up for the club.
“We’re selling raffle (抽奖赠卖）tickets. With the money we get, we’ll buy two fitness consoles. We’ll give one to the w____87____ of the raffle. We’ll give the other console to the nursing home,” explained Mr. Washington.
“Great! Let’s get started. I’m motivated to sell the tickets immediately!” said Daniela.

81. joining 82. plan/project/program 83. special/specific 84. alone/anywhere 85. described 86. suffered 87. winner

2022闵行区
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
I don’t believe it! It’s 11p.m. and I’m still sitting here writing this article for the school magazine !I’ve had two weeks to write it and my teacher wants it tomorrow . She’s always c____56____ that I leave things to the last minute. Maybe she’s right. A month ago, I made up my mind to be more efficient this year and not to leave thing to the last minute. But I’ve failed. I’ve also been trying to get fitter for four weeks now. I’ve started going to the gym. I’ve taken up karate lessons and I’ve changed my diet. I’ve even been going to bed earlier. But I’m not feeling any fitter. I felt just a little u____57____. I miss my bad habits. Why is leading a better life so hard?
I’ve just read an article on a website and I’ve found out that it isn’t my fault! In fact, it isn’t anyone’s fault! It’s our brains. They’re programmed, therefore, it is difficult to break bad habits. There’s nothing we can do . Scientists have done experiments that show we use one part of our brain when we think about o____58____and another when we think about other people. However, when we think about the ‘future us’, we use the part of the brain that we usually use to think about other people. In other words, the brain sees the ‘future you’ as a different person to your ‘present you ’. And that’s why we don’t always find it easy to make sensible d____59____ in the future when we face difficulties.
But that’s not all. Scientists have also found out that it takes around ten weeks to form a good habit. For example , if I want to keep fit, it’s going to take me ten weeks to go to the gym and then it will become an automatic part of my life. That’s because ten weeks is the amount of time the brain needs to change and a____60____new ways of behavior as a part of everyday life. The good news is that once you make it to ten weeks, everything becomes much easier. The bad news is that ten weeks is a really long time, so it’s easy to give up on （打消）your good plan s_____61_____
So there you are. Maybe we want to change our ways and become better people but our brains won’t let us . or is this just an e____62____? Look! I’ve finished my article on time. Anything is possible!
【答案】56. complaining
57. unhappier
58. ourselves
59. decisions
60. accept 61. soon
62. excuse
【解析】
这是一篇议论文，作者分析了习惯为什么不容易被改变。
【56题详解】
句意：她总是抱怨我把事情留到最后一刻。
根据关键词“always”以及句子“I leave things to the last minute”把事情留到最后一刻。可知总是在埋怨我的做法。故此空格需要填写complain，但是在句子中已有be动词的形式，故答案为complaining。
【57题详解】
句意：我只是感觉有点不开心。
根据“I’ve also been trying to get fitter for four weeks now. I’ve started going to the gym. I’ve taken up karate lessons and I’ve changed my diet. I’ve even been going to bed earlier. But I’m not feeling any fitter.” 四周以来，我一直在努力变得更健康。我已经开始去健身房了。我上了空手道课，改变了饮食。我甚至更早就睡觉了，但是我感觉没有什么改变。可知自己做了那么多而没有变化而不高兴。根据“But I’m not feeling any fitter”此句用到了比较级，故答案为unhappier。
【58题详解】
句意：当我们想到自己时，我们使用大脑的一部分，当我们想到别人时，我们使用另一部分。
根据“However, when we think about the ‘future us’, we use the part of the brain that we usually use to think about other people.” 然而，当我们想到“未来的我们”时，我们使用大脑中通常用来思考别人的部分。根据句子中的“other people”，可推测出与空格中的词是对应词，应填“ourselves”。故答案为ourselves。
【59题详解】
句意：这就是为什么当我们面临困难时，我们并不总是容易做出明智的决定的原因。
根据“the brain sees the ‘future you’ as a different person to your ‘present you ’.” 大脑将“未来的你”视为与“现在的你”不同的人。可推测，就因为这样，我们并不总是容易做出明智的决定（make sensitive decision）的原因 。故答案为decisions。
【60题详解】
句意：那是因为，作为日常生活当中的一部分，十周是一定量的时间，需要我们的大脑改变和接受新行为的方式。
根据“Scientists have also found out that it takes around ten weeks to form a good habit.” 科学家还发现，形成一个好习惯需要大约十周的时间。可推测：十周的时间是个考验，是我们改变和接受新行为的时间。故答案为accept。
【61题详解】
句意：很快打消你的好计划是很容易的。
根据“The bad news is that ten weeks is a really long time.”坏消息是，十周真的很长。可推测到因为时间长，不容易坚持，我们的好计划很快（soon）就被打消。故答案为soon。
【62题详解】
句意：也许我们想改变我们的方式，成为更好的人，但是我们的大脑不让我们这样做。或者说，这只是一个借口吗？根据课文可知，不是大脑，而是我们的习惯阻止我们改变，说是大脑的原因，只是个借口。故答案为excuse。


2022浦东新区
Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使其内容通顺, 每空格限填一词, 首字母已给）

We might love to tell others about our unusual experiences—that time we climbed Mount Everest, tasted some rare food or ran into a famous person on the street. But new research suggests：that if we s___56___ these unusual experiences with others, it may bring something uncomfortable.
"Unusual experiences are pleasant in the moment but can cause social t___57___ in the long run, "says psychological scientist Gus Cooney of Harvard University. "Some people mistakenly thought that having an unusual experience would make them the star. But they were wrong, because to be unusual is to be different from other people, and social interaction is based on something similar. "
"We all h___58___ to have experiences that are fine and rare, and when we get what we want, we are always eager to tell our friends. But I've noticed that conversations always seem to develop well on more ordinary topics." Cooney explains. " This made me wonder if unusual experiences were r___59___ as lovely as we had thought. "
To find out, Cooney and his colleagues had 68 people come to the lab in groups of f___60___. In each group, one person was asked to watch a popular video of a street magician performing for a crowd, while the other three people were asked to watch an ordinary animated video. After watching the videos, the people sat around a table and had a five-minute free conversation.
After the group discussion, the people who watched the magician's performance felt w___61___ than those who watched the animated video, because they felt they were not included during the discussion.
This finding suggests that we ought to give more thought in choosing what to talk about with others. If an experience turns you into someone who has n___62___ in common with others, then no matter how good it is, it won't make you comfortable in the long run.
【答案】56. share
57. trouble(s)
58. hope 59. really
60. four 61. worse
62. nothing
【解析】
本文讲述了我们可能喜欢告诉别人我们不寻常的经历，但新的研究表明，如果我们与他人分享这些不寻常的经历，可能会带来一些不舒服的东西。
【56题详解】
句意：但新研究表明:如果我们与他人分享这些不寻常的经历，可能会带来一些不舒服的东西。
share sth with sb和某人分享某物，故填share。
【57题详解】
句意：哈佛大学的心理学家古斯·库尼说：“不寻常的经历在当时是令人愉快的，但从长远来看会造成社会问题。”
根据前文的that if we s___1___ these unusual experiences with others, it may bring something uncomfortable.可知，不寻常的经历让人不舒服，因此带来社会问题，故填trouble(s)。
【58题详解】
句意：我们都希望有美好的，不寻常的经历，当我们得到我们想要的东西，我们总是渴望告诉我们的朋友。
hope to do sth希望做某事，故填hope。
【59题详解】
句意：库尼解释道：“这让我怀疑，不寻常的经历是否真的像我们想象的那么美好。”
修饰形容词短语as lovely as用副词，故填really。
【60题详解】
句意：为了找到答案，库尼和他同事们让68人四人一组来到实验室。
根据后文的In each group, one person was asked to watch a popular video of a street magician performing for a crowd, while the other three people were asked to watch an ordinary animated video.可知，在每一组中，一个人被要求观看一段街头魔术师表演的流行视频，而另外三个人被要求观看一段普通的动画视频。因此一组四个人，故填four。
【61题详解】
句意：在小组讨论之后，看了魔术师表演的人比看了动画视频的人感觉更糟，因为他们觉得自己没有被包括在讨论中。
根据than用比较级，根据because they felt they were not included during the discussion.可知，因为他们觉得自己没有被包括在讨论中，因此是更糟糕的，故填worse。
【62题详解】
句意：如果一段经历让你变成了一个和别人毫无共同之处的人，那么无论它有多好，从长远来看都不会让你感到舒服。
根据no matter how good it is, it won't make you comfortable in the long run.可知，无论多好的经历，没有让你感到舒服，因此这是让你和别人毫无共同之处，have nothing common with sb和某人毫无共同之处，故填nothing。

2022普陀区
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words.
For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of us are what scientists call amusic. Those amusics are born without the ability to r______56______ , repeat or remember musical notes（音调）. Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are pretty different.
As a result, songs sound like n ___57___to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their unfitness to enjoy music makes them away from others.
It can be difficult for other people to get to know them. Actually, most people cannot understand what it feels like to be an amusic. Many amusics may not feel very c_____58_____when they go to a restaurant or a shopping mall. Sometimes they even feel painful. That is why many amusics usually stay away from places where there is music. “I used to h_______59_______parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only discovered that she was an amusic last month. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are f _______60_______learning how to find this unusual condition.
Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who enjoy music.
The difference isn’t about defective hearing（听力障碍）.
Many amusics are happy when their condition is found. For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about the p ___61___ with music. Now she knows that a large number of people are like her. There is a name for the condition. That makes it e ___62___for her to explain“When people invite me to a concert, I just say‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’”says Margaret.“I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”
【答案】56. recognize
57. noise 58. comfortable
59. hate 60. finally
61. problem
62. easier
【解析】
【分析】
很多人都喜欢音乐，但是你听说过“音乐盲”吗？他们指的是天生就没有识别、重复或记忆音符的能力的人。短文给我们介绍了关于“乐盲”的一些事实。
【56题详解】
句意：这些音乐盲生来就没有识别、重复或记忆音符的能力。
根据下文 “Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs.”乐盲不能分辨两首歌曲之间的不同。结合首字母可知，这里考查的应是recognize，是一个动词，意为“分辨，辨认出”。the ability to do sth.“……的能力”，是固定句型，这里应填动词原形。故答案为recognize。
【57题详解】
句意：结果，音乐听起来就像噪音。
根据下句话 “Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other.”很多乐盲把音乐声音比喻成金属互相碰撞的声音，这是很难听、刺耳的声音，即噪音。故这里考查的是noise，是一个名词。故答案为noise。
【58题详解】
句意：当他们去餐馆或购物中心时，许多音乐盲可能会感到不舒服。
根据下句话 “Sometimes they even feel painful.”有时候他们甚至感到痛苦，再结合首字母可知，这里应考查comfortable，意为“舒服的”，是一个形容词。故答案为comfortable。
【59题详解】
句意：“我过去很讨厌聚会，”玛格丽特说，她今年70岁，上个月才发现自己是个乐盲。
根据句中 “…who only discovered that she was an amusic last month.”可知，玛格丽特是一个乐盲，再由上文对乐盲的解释可知，他们不喜欢音乐，故这里考查hate，意为“讨厌”，是一个动词。故答案为hate。
【60题详解】
句意：通过研究像玛格丽特这样的人，科学家们终于知道如何找到这种不寻常的情况。
根据句意可知，通过研究想玛格丽特这样的人，科学家最终发现了“乐盲”。故这里考查的是finally，意为“最后，最终”，是一个副词。故答案为finally。
【61题详解】
句意：多年来，玛格丽特对音乐的问题感到很尴尬。
根据文意和单词的首字母可知，这里考查的是problem，意为“问题”，对于“乐盲”来说，他们欣赏不了音乐，所以这是一个“问题”。故答案为problem。
【62题详解】
句意：这让她更容易解释：“当人们邀请我去听音乐会时，我只会说‘不，谢谢，我是音乐盲’，”玛格丽特说。
根据句意可知，了解了自己是一个乐盲，这样玛格丽特可以比以前更容易地跟朋友们解释自己不喜欢音乐的事情了。因此这里应用easy的比较级形式easier，表示“更容易的”。故答案为easier。
【点睛】这是一篇说明文，短文给我们介绍了什么是“乐盲。”文章叙述清晰，用实际的例子进行解释，使文章更容易理解。题型是短文填空，要求根据文意和单词的首字母填写适当的单词，考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时，应根据文意和首字母线索填写适当单词，并根据该单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型，填写单词的适当形式。例如第1小题，根据下文 “Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs.”乐盲不能分辨两首歌曲之间的不同。结合首字母可知，这里考查的应是recognize，是一个动词，意为“分辨，辨认出”。句中使用了句型the ability to do sth.“……的能力”，这里应填动词原形。故答案为recognize。再如第7小题，结合句意可知，了解了自己是一个乐盲，这样玛格丽特可以比以前更容易地跟朋友们解释自己不喜欢音乐的事情了。因此这里应用easy的比较级形式easier，表示“更容易的”。


2022青浦区
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
The Best Language for Learning Math
What is the best language for learning math? Hint (提示）：You are not reading it.
Chinese, Japanese and Korean all have simpler number words. They express math concepts (概念）more c___81____ than English. The language gap has drawn lots of attention. Several recent studies have l___82____ weaker math abilities in English-speaking children to English number words.
Chinese, for example, has just ten basic number words. English, however, has more than two dozen (—打). The trouble starts at “e___83____.” English has a word for that number. Chinese, Japanese and Korean have words that can be translated as “ten-one” — spoken with the “Hen” first. That makes it easier for children to understand the place value. Students can easily see that the number system is based on units of 10.
English number words over 10 don't make the place value clear. Words for numbers 13 to 19 change the order of the ones (个位) and tens. Children are more 1___84____ to confuse 17 with 71. therefore, children working with English number words have a harder time doing complex (复杂） calculations. They make more m___85____.
It also feels more natural for Chinese speakers than for English speakers to use the “make-a-ten” method. When they a___86____ two numbers, Chinese students often break down the numbers into parts and regroup them into tens and ones. For example, 9 plus 5 becomes 9 plus 1 plus 4. This method greatly helps students work out math problems. Many teachers in America are teaching their students the “make-a-ten” method. However, they are having a hard time because of the confusing English number words.
Now, you should feel 1___87____ that you are learning math in China. Thanks to your mother language, all the math problems have become less difficult and less confusing.

C) 81. clearly 82. linked 83. eleven 84. likely 85. mistakes 86. add 87. lucky

2022松江区
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
A boy named Michael visited his grandparents on their farm with his sister, May. One day, Grandma gave him a slingshot (弹弓) to play with out in the woods. He practiced how to use it for some time but he still couldn’t hit the target (目标) he set for himself.
Feeling a little u ____56____, he headed back to the farmhouse for dinner. On the way, he happened to see Grandma’s pet duck. Just then, an idea suddenly came to his mind. He a ____57____ at the duck with his slingshot and let it fly, hitting the duck in the head and killing it.
In a panic (惊慌), Michael hid the dead duck in the bushes, only to find that his sister was watching him all the time. May had seen everything he did, but she said n ____58____.
After lunch the next day, Grandma said, “May, let’s wash the dishes.” But May said, “Grandma, Michael told me he wanted to help in the k ____59____.” Then she came close to Michael and whispered (低语), “Remember the duck?” So Michael did the washing.
Later that day, Grandpa asked if Michael and May wanted to go fishing, but Grandma interrupted, “I’m sorry but I need May to help me prepare for dinner.” May just smiled and said, “Well, that’s all right because Michael told me he wanted to help you.” Then she whispered to Michael again, “Remember the duck?”
So May went fishing and Michael stayed b ____60____ to help make supper. After several days of doing both his chores and May’s, Michael finally couldn’t bear it anymore. He went to his grandma and told her the t ____61____ that he had caused the death of her pet duck.
It really s ____62____ Michael that Grandma just smiled and gave him a big hug. “Sweetheart, I know,” said Grandma. “You see, I was standing at the window the other day and saw the whole thing, but because I love you, I forgave you. I just wanted to find out how long you would let May make a slave of you!”
【答案】56. upset
57. aimed 58. nothing
59. kitchen
60. behind 61. truth
62. surprised
【解析】
本文讲述了迈克用弹弓把奶奶的鸭子打死了，藏到树林里，他的妹妹看到这些后，经常威胁他做一些事。最后，他把真相告诉了他奶奶。令他惊讶的事，他奶奶并没有惩罚他，只是笑了笑。因为她早就知道这件事，已经原谅他了。
【56题详解】
句意：他感到有点心烦意乱，就回到农舍去吃晚饭。
根据前文的“He practiced how to use it for some time but he still couldn’t hit the target (目标) he set for himself.”可知，他练习了一段时间，还是无法正中目标，因此感到心烦，故填upset。
【57题详解】
句意：他用弹弓瞄准那只鸭子，让它飞起来，击中了它的头，把它打死了。
aim at“瞄准”，此处叙述发生过的事，因此用一般过去时，故填aimed。
【58题详解】
句意：梅看到了他所做的一切，但她什么也没说。
连词but前后表示转折关系，but前的一句表示她看见了他做的一切，but后表示她没有说什么，故填nothing。
【59题详解】
句意：奶奶，迈克尔告诉我他想去厨房帮忙。
根据后文的“So Michael did the washing.”可知，要洗碗，应是在厨房里，in the kitchen“在厨房里”，故填kitchen。
【60题详解】
句意：梅去钓鱼了，迈克尔留下来帮忙做晚饭。
根据“to help make supper”可知，从此处表示要帮助做晚饭，应是留下了，stay behind“留下来”，故填behind。
【61题详解】
句意：他去找他的奶奶，告诉她真相，是他害死了她的宠物鸭。
根据he had caused the death of her pet duck可知，迈克尔告诉了他奶奶是他害死了她的宠物鸭，因此这是说出真相，故填truth。
【62题详解】
句意：奶奶只是笑了笑，给了他一个大大的拥抱，这让迈克尔很惊讶。
根据前文可知，他害死了奶奶的宠物鸭，但是奶奶没有惩罚他，还给了他一个拥抱，这让他感到惊讶，作谓语，叙述发生过的事，用一般过去时，故填surprised。

2022杨浦区
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
A rare experience
Imagine the situation. You’re walking down the crowded high street and s___56___ a complete stranger stops you and says, “Hi! You were on the beach in the south of Spain six years ago. How are you doing?” This stranger isn’t necessarily m ___57___ . He or she might be a “super - recogniser”. These are people who have the unusual ability to recognise people they have seen only once -- a long time ago, maybe in a crowed.
Whatever the differences in looks
It doesn’t matter what the person looks like now. People change, get different hair styles, dye their hair or go grey. Wrinkles, new glasses and makeups give them new a___58___ , but the “super - recognisers” can still recognise them.
An inborn skill
Although scientists have known for a long time that about 2% of people suffer from face - blindness, which means that they have huge problems recognising faces, they are only new realising that some people are the exact o ___59___ .Tests have shown that a “super - recogniser” can identify people that they only saw for a brief moment -- and this is not an ability that we can d____60____ , it’s something we are born with.
A great h ___61___
The police are starting to use “super - recognisers” to spot criminal faces in videos of crowds. They look for people with a specific build and facial features like beards and moustaches but they can even recognise quite o___62___people, with no noticeable features at all. As well as surprising our holidaymaker in Spain six years later, this ability can be used for a very practical purpose indeed.
【答案】56. suddenly
57. mad 58. appearnaces
59. opposite
60. develop
61. help 62. ordinary
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述什么是超级识别者，虽然以前见过一面，现在你的外形发生改变了，但是他们能让能认出你，这是天生的技能，最后讲述这一技能可以帮助警察指认罪犯。这种能力确实有非常实用的地方。
【56题详解】
句意：你走在拥挤的大街上，突然一个完全陌生的人让你停下来并说：“嗨!六年前你在西班牙南部的海滩上”。
根据句意可知，空处用副词修饰整个句子。表示“突然有人让你停下来”。suddenly突然，故答案为suddenly。
【57题详解】
句意：这个陌生人不是疯了。
根据空前系动词is以及副词necessary可知，空处用形容词。mad疯的，故答案为mad。
【58题详解】
句意：皱眉、新的眼镜以及化妆给了他们新的外貌，但是这个超级识别者仍然能够认出他们。
根据空前形容词new可知，空处用名词，且根据People change, get different hair styles, dye their hair or go grey“人们会变，会有不同的发型，会把头发染成灰色”可知，表示的是新的外貌，appearance外貌，根据them可知，用复数，故答案为appearances。
【59题详解】
句意：尽管科学家们很早就知道大约2%的人患有脸盲症，这意味着他们在识别人脸方面有很大的困难，但他们只是刚刚意识到有些人恰恰相反。
根据空前exact可知，空处用名词，根据Tests have shown that a “super - recogniser” can identify people that they only saw for a brief moment“测试表明，超级识别者可以识别那些他们只看了不一会儿的人”可知，表示“他们与脸盲症的人完全相反”。opposite相反，故答案为opposite。
【60题详解】
句意：测试表明，超级识别者可以识别那些他们只看了不一会儿的人。这不是我们能够培养的能力，这是我们天生具有的一些东西。
根据空前can可知，空处用动词原形，且根据it’s something we are born with“这是我们天生具有的东西”可知，这种能力不能培养。develop培养，故答案为develop。
【61题详解】
句意：一个很大的帮助。
根据空前great可知，空处用名词。且根据The police are starting to use “super - recognisers” to spot criminal faces in videos of crowds“警方开始用超级识别者在人群视频中识别罪犯的面孔”可知，可以帮助警察识别罪犯，所以表示“很大的帮助”，help帮助，且根据空前a可知，用单数，故答案为help。
【62题详解】
句意：他们寻找的是有特定体型和面部特征的人，比如络腮胡子和八字胡，但他们甚至可以识别根本没有明显特征的非常普通的人。
根据空前quite以及空后people可知，空处用形容词，且根据with no noticeable features at all“一点也没有值得注意的特征”可知，表示“普通的”。ordinary普通的，故答案为ordinary。

2022徐汇区
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给):
If you have ever had trouble doing things you should do or would like to do, you have experienced procrastination(拖延症). When you procrastinate, instead of working on important meaningful tasks, you find yourself performing meaningless activities.
If you are a procrastinator, perhaps you spend lots of time watching TV, playing video games, checking Facebook, eating, cleaning or walking back and forth through the room. Afterwards, you feel powerless and have the f___56___ of guilt and trouble. Once again, you end up doing nothing. Sound familiar?
L___57___ people don’t do anything and are just fine with it. Procrastinators, however, want to actually do something but can’t force themselves to s___58___.
Another fact about procrastination is that it is d___59___ from relaxation. Relaxing recharges you with energy. But procrastination makes you not energetic. The less energy you have, the greater the chances of you putting off your responsibilities, and, once more, you will achieve nothing.
My dad always used to say, “Peter, you need to learn how to give yourself orders.” I would always answer, “I tell myself what to do, I just don’t listen.”
Most likely, failure of the ability to listen to o___60___ is the main reason. The scientific name of this ability is self-regulation.
Self-regulation is the ability to actively control your emotions. The more developed this ability is, the more often you will do what you tell yourself to do. Good news is it is possible to have self-regulation by t___61___. You need to begin by setting the bar as low as possible. Creating habits isn’t about quantity; it’s about small steps and regular repetition.
Once you learn a new habit, you can exercise your willpower muscle(肌肉). As you s___62___ raise the bar, your willpower will gain strength day by day.
Gradual changes are more pleasant than sudden, great changes. Therefore bigger success can be made.
【答案】56. feeling
57. Lazy 58. start
59. different
60. ourselves
61. training
62. slowly
【解析】
文章大意：本文主要介绍了拖延症的一些表现，并指出为了克服拖延症，可以进行自我管理，自我管理要从小目标开始，逐步的变化比突如其来的大变化更令人愉悦。
【56题详解】
句意：然后你会觉得无力，并有罪恶和麻烦的感觉。
题干中“guilt and trouble”都是感觉的一种，结合首字母f可推出用feeling表示“感觉”。故答案为feeling。
【57题详解】
句意：懒人不做任何事情，且感觉良好。
结合题干中“don’t do anything”及首字母L可推出此处用Lazy表示“懒惰的”。故答案为Lazy。
【58题详解】
句意：然而拖延症患者确实想要做些事情，但是不能强迫自己开始。
结合句意“然而拖延症患者确实想要做些事情，但是不能强迫自己___”及首字母s可推出此处用start表示“开始”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故答案为start。
【59题详解】
句意：另一个关于拖延症的事实是，它与放松不同。
根据下文中“Relaxing recharges you with energy. But procrastination makes you not energetic.”可知拖延症不同于放松，结合首字母d可知此处用different表示“不同的”。故答案为different。
【60题详解】
句意：大概，没有听从我们自己的能力是主要原因。
根据下文中“The scientific name of this ability is self-regulation.”可推出此处是说“听从我们自己”；结合首字母o可知要用ourselves表示“我们自己”。故答案为ourselves。
【61题详解】
句意：好消息是通过训练拥有自我管理能力是可能的。
结合下文中“You need to begin by setting the bar as low as possible.”及首字母t可推出此处是说通过训练拥有自我管理能力，用train表示“训练”，by后接动名词形式training。故答案为training。
【62题详解】
句意：随着你慢慢增加目标，你的意志力讲一天天增加力量。
根据上文中“it’s about small steps and regular repetition”及下文“day by day”可推出此处是说“慢慢增加目标”；结合首字母s可推出用副词slowly表示“缓慢地”，修饰动词raise。故答案为slowly。

2022长宁金山区
Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词， 首字母已给）
Free-diving is diving underwater, holding your breath, without the use of equipment. In ancient times people had to free-dive to get food, such as fish and shellfish. Free divers also c _____56_____ treasures lying at the bottom of the ocean. The Mediterranean Sea, south of Europe, had many trading ships passing through. Often ships sank, sometimes because of storms. They would swim down to the shipwreck and try to lift the most precious pieces. In modern times, free-diving is part of many different a___57___such as underwater photography and spearfishing. Sports such as underwater football, rugby and hockey also involve free-diving.
The most dangerous free-diving is practised by a small group of extreme sportsmen and sportswomen who swim very deep. They aim to go to great depths and d___58___ for a long time on a single breath, wearing only a wetsuit. Deep under the water it is cold and black. The weight or pressure on your body is much h_________59_________ than that at the surface. That weight, and going so long on only one breath, can cause a person to become unconscious（无意识的）because of a lack of oxygen, and then die.
Why do people want to take part in a sport that is so dangerous?
You need to be fit to swim so deep, but you also need to be very strong mentally（精神上）. At first it is difficult to sink. You have to stay c____60____ and even slow your thinking. But finally the air is pushed from your body, and you start to sink. It is as if the water were d ______61______ you down. This is a very peaceful feeling.
Natalia wrote many poems about her love of being in the deep blue ocean. She felt at one with nature there, as if in an ancient space. She would go into a deep state of being quiet and thinking before she went into the water. She would leave b___62___her the stress of life, which she called “surface fuss”. According to Natalia, when you stop breathing, most of your body’s functions stop. It is as if time itself stopped.
【答案】56. collected
57. activities
58. dive 59. heavier
60. calm 61. dragging/ drawing
62. behind
【解析】
文章大意：本文介绍的是与自由潜水有关的一些事情。在古代，人们必须自由潜水来获取食物，自由潜水员也在海底收集宝藏。在现代，自由潜水是许多不同活动的一部分。最危险的自由潜水是由一群游得很深的极限男女运动员进行的。你需要身体健康才能游得这么深，但你也需要有很强的意志力。Natalia写了很多关于她对深海的热爱的诗。
【56题详解】
考查动词。根据下文They would swim down to the shipwreck and try to lift the most precious pieces. 他们会游到沉船的地方，试着举起最珍贵的东西。结合Free divers also c __1__treasures lying at the bottom of the ocean.及首字母提示，可知句意为：自由潜水员也在海底收集宝藏。 collect收集，动词，这里描述的是过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，故答案填collected。
【57题详解】
考查名词。根据下文such as underwater photography and spearfishing. 如水下摄影和鱼叉捕鱼，结合In modern times, free-diving is part of many different a__2__及首字母提示，可知句意为：在现代，自由潜水是许多不同活动的一部分。activity活动，可数名词，前面有many修饰，所以这里用其复数形式，故答案填activities。
【58题详解】
考查动词。根据上文The most dangerous free-diving is practised by a small group of extreme sportsmen and sportswomen who swim very deep. 最危险的自由潜水是由一群游得很深的极限男女运动员进行的。结合They aim to go to great depths and d__3__ for a long time on a single breath, wearing only a wetsuit.及首字母提示，可知句意为：他们的目标是潜到很深的地方，只穿着潜水服，一口气潜到很长时间。dive潜水，动词，dive for a long time潜水很长时间，故答案填dive。
【59题详解】
考查形容词比较级。根据下文That weight, and going so long on only one breath, can cause a person to become unconscious because of a lack of oxygen, and then die. 这个重量，加上长时间只呼吸一次，会导致一个人因为缺氧而失去意识，然后死亡。结合The weight or pressure on your body is much h__4__than that at the surface.及首字母提示，可知句意为：你身体上的重量或压力比水面上的要重得多。heavy重的，形容词，由than可知应用其比较级，故答案填heavier。
【60题详解】
考查名词。根据You have to stay c__5__ and even slow your thinking.结合首字母提示，可知句意为：你必须保持冷静，甚至放慢你的思维。calm平静，stay calm保持冷静，故答案填calm。
【61题详解】
考查现在分词。根据上文But finally the air is pushed from your body, and you start to sink. 但最后空气从你的身体被推开，你开始下沉。结合It is as if the water were d __6__ you down.及首字母提示，可知句意为：就好像水正在把你拖下水一样。drag/draw拖动、牵拉，动词，前面有系动词were，可知这里用过去进行时态，所以用drag/draw的现在分词形式dragging/ drawing，故答案填dragging/ drawing。
【62题详解】
考查介词。根据上文She would go into a deep state of being quiet and thinking before she went into the water. 在下水之前，她会进入一种安静和思考的深度状态。结合She would leave b__7__her the stress of life, which she called “surface fuss”.及首字母提示，可知句意为：她会把生活的压力留在身后，她称之为“表面的忙乱”。behind在…之后，介词，故答案填behind。