浙江省宁波市三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-04语法填空&短文选词填空
展开这是一份浙江省宁波市三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-04语法填空&短文选词填空,共8页。试卷主要包含了语法填空,短文选词填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。
一、语法填空
(2022·浙江宁波)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
It was the summer hlidays and ur family rented an apartment fr a week near the beach. We all went t the beach n ___1___ first day and it was fantastic! I did lts f surfing. The sea was really warm! While Mum and Dad were reading ____2____ (they) bks, my brther Paul was building a big sandcastle (沙堡). He was happy fr ___3___ (hur)!
On the evening we arrived, my parents were cking supper when suddenly the cmputer stpped wrking. There was n electricity in the apartment! We had t eat ur supper in the dark! The electricity didn’t cme n again ___4___ late at night.
The next day, we went t the market. We ___5___ (shp) when suddenly dark cluds came ver and it started t rain hard. Dad ___6___ (drive) us back t the apartment.
When we gt back, the rain was cming int Paul’s bedrm and his bed was very wet. S fr the rest f the hliday he had t share my bedrm.
___7___ the end f the hliday, Mum and Dad were cleaning the apartment when suddenly Dad shuted, “Oh, n!” Paul and I ran int the kitchen. ___8___ strange it was! Paul’s milk was drunk and my apples ___9___ (eat) by a family f mice!
We packed up ur things and left the apartment very ___10___ (quick)! We were all really glad t get hme.
(2021·浙江宁波)Susan was tired f having her three children talk back t her. One day, she climbed int her kids’ tree huse. It was ____11____ gd place, she thught, fr a mther t g n strike(罢工). She was tired f ____12____ (drive) them everywhere withut thanks and ding mre than her share f the wrk arund the huse. Until ____13____ (thing) changed, Susan decided t stay up in the tree.
Susan’s strike gt her kids’ attentin, ____14____ curse. But that was nt all that happened. Wrd f the fed-up mther spread. Befre lng, a camera crew frm televisin’s Tday Shw came int their yard. Nw peple all acrss America were ging t find ____15____wh drve the kids’ mther up a tree.
As the cameras wrked, the three kids std with their father near the tree huse. Kate, the Tday Shw hst, had a questin fr ____16____ (they). “What d yu think abut yur mm n strike in that tree huse?” she asked.
“I am kind f embarrassed,” said Misty.
“I’m really shcked, “said Jseph. “I did nt think it wuld g this far. My mm is much ____17____ (crazy) than we thught.”
Rachel added, “I think mm is s strange ____18____ I can hardly believe it.”
But Susan had made her pint. If the kids ____19____ (want) her back, they shuld knw what t d. When the TV crew left, the kids went int their huse ____20____ (quick) and gt busy. Nt lng after that Susan climbed dwn frm the tree and went back t being a mm.
(2020·浙江宁波)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Last summer I gt the chance t spend a mnth helping ut in a hspital in Africa. I had ne year left at schl, and I was ___21___ (interest) in studying medicine at university.
It was a mnth that changed my life. I ___22___ (intrduce) t a wrld that is very different t mine in s many ways. I was shcked at hw pr s many ___23___ (family) ver there are and hw difficult their lives can be. But I was als surprised at hw psitively peple spend ___24___ (they) daily lives.
The way they cme tgether and help each ther is a real inspiratin, and smething I think a lt f us here in the UK have frgtten. I think many f us dn't realize ___25___lucky we are. My wrk in the hspital was hard. Nt nly did I spend a lt f time cleaning flrs, but ___26___ I gt t spend sme time lking after the patients. And I gt the chance ___27___ (talk) t sme dctrs and ask them abut the jb. I saw sme truly awful things in the hspital, __28___ nne f them changed my mind abut being a dctr. ___29___ fact, they nly made me mre determined t d medicine!
When I finish, I knw ____30____ I'm ging t d: I want t wrk fr an internatinal rganizatin like the Red Crss. I can't wait t get started.
二、短文选词填空
(2022·浙江宁波)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次 (每空一词)。
Laughter is gd fr yu, and that’s n jke! A gd laugh helps yu right away. When yu laugh, changes ___31___in yur bdy. Fr example, yu take in ___32___ air than usual, which is gd fr yur heart. A gd laugh increases yur heart rate. When yu laugh, yur brain als releases (释放) chemicals that make yu feel happy. Laughing can als make yu feel relaxed fr up t 45 minutes.Laughter can ___33___ reduce pain. Yu prbably dn’t want t chuckle (偷笑) when yu’re hurt, but laughter helps the bdy make its wn ___34___ medicine. Laughing is als great exercise! Research ___35___ that laughing 100 times is as gd as riding a bike fr 15 minutes.
S why dn’t yu try laughing ut lud every day?
(2021·浙江宁波)
D yu knw that we are using up the Earth’s fresh water faster than we can replace it? We need water t stay alive and if we dn’t use water ____36____, we will run ut!Water is needed fr just abut everything we d. We need it t farm, t wash, t prvide pwer, t cntrl fires and—mst imprtantly—t drink. ____37____ water, we wuld all die.
S we shuld all save water if we want t have enugh t stay alive. Using less water ____38____ saving mney and saving energy. Saving water is EASY. Here are sme ____39____ tips:
* Have shrter shwers and nly half fill the bath.
* Turn the tap ff while yu sap yur hands r brush yur ____40____.
* Fix any taps r hses(软管)that drip—every drp cunts!
(2020·浙江宁波)
Music helps us exercise—but why des it have this effect? Experts say there are tw main reasns. The ___41___ is simple: music takes ur attentin away. When we listen t a sng we like, ur brains fcus n the music. Fr example, After we exercise ___42___ 20 minutes, ur bdy might be tired. But we may nt feel this immediately ___43___ we are listening t music. S we can exercise a little lnger.
Music als makes us want t mve. When we hear dance music, fr example, we naturally start t mve t the beat. A psitive sng als puts us in a gd md, s we feel much ___44___. This gives us energy and helps us exercise lnger. Music with a quick and cntinuing beat is gd fr exercising. "But the music shuldn't be t fast, "___45___ Dr. Cstas, a famus sprts expert. In general, sngs in the range f 120-140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best.happen als shw nature much
mean, helpful, tth, withut, wise
because say happy ne fr
参考答案:
the
their
hurs
until或till
were shpping
drve
At
Hw
were eaten
quickly
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了作者和家人在海边的度假经历。
句意:第一天我们都去了海滩,太棒了!此处表示第一天,序数词first前要加冠词the,故填the。
句意:当妈妈和爸爸在读书的时候,我的弟弟保罗正在建一个大沙堡。此空修饰名词bks,且此空指代“Mum and Dad”,应用their表示“他们的”,故填their。
句意:他高兴了好几个小时。hur是可数名词,空格前无冠词,故此空应填复数名词,故填hurs。
句意:直到深夜才重新通电。根据“The electricity didn’t cme n again … late at night”可知,此处用nt…until/till表示“直到……才”,故填until/till。
句意:我们正在买东西,突然乌云密布,下起了大雨。when引导的时间状语从句,从句谓语动词came是一般过去时,主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情,用过去进行时was/were ding的结构,主语we是复数形式,助动词用were,故填were shpping。
句意:爸爸开车送我们回公寓。描述过去发生的事情,句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填drve。
句意:假期快结束了,爸爸妈妈正在打扫房间,突然爸爸喊了起来。at the end f“在……的结束时”,固定搭配,且句首的单词首字母要大写,故填At。
句意:多么奇怪啊!此句是感叹句,中心词strange是形容词,用hw引导的感叹句结构:hw+形容词+主谓,句首的单词首字母要大写,故填Hw。
句意:保罗的牛奶被喝了,我的苹果被一群老鼠吃掉了。主语apples与动词eat之间是被动关系,且是描述过去发生的事情,此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were dne的结构,主语apples是复数形式,助动词用were,故填were eaten。
句意:我们收拾好东西,很快就离开了公寓!此空修饰动词left,要用副词,quick是形容词,对应的副词是quickly“快速地”,故填quickly。
a
driving
things
f
ut
them
crazier
that
wanted
quickly
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一位妈妈因为厌倦为家庭付出太多,而收不到任何感谢,一怒之下进行了罢工。后来随着《今日秀》摄制组的到来,事情有了转变。
句意:她想,这是一个母亲进行罢工的好地方。句中“place”为单数可数名词,“gd”以辅音音素开头,且此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词a,故填a。
句意:她厌倦了开车带着他们到处走,却不向她表示道谢,也厌倦了做太多她该做的家务。be tired f ding sth.厌倦做某事,f为介词,后面跟v-ing形式,故填driving。
句意:直到事情发生变化,苏珊决定留在树上。句中“thing”意为“事情”,为可数名词,根据句意知应用复数形式,故填things。
句意:当然,苏珊的罢工引起了孩子们的注意。由前句“Susan’s strike gt her kids’ attentin”和句中“curse”可知,此句是说苏珊的罢工当然引起了孩子们的注意。f curse当然,为固定短语,故填f。
句意:现在全美国的人都要找出是谁把孩子的妈妈送上了树。由句中“wh drve the kids’ mther up a tree.”可知,此句是说全美国的人正打算找出谁把孩子的妈妈送上树。find ut弄明白,查清楚,故填ut。
句意:《今日秀》的主持人凯特问了他们一个问题。由句中“had a questin”可知,此句是说向某人提问。句中“fr”为介词,后面跟代词宾格,故填them。
句意:我妈妈比我们想象的要疯狂得多。crazy疯狂的,形容词,由句中“than”可知,应用比较级,故填crazier。
句意:雷切尔补充说:“我觉得妈妈太奇怪了,我简直不敢相信。”如此……以至于……,为固定句型,故填that。
句意:如果孩子们想要她回来,他们应该知道做什么。句中“if”如果,引导条件状语从句。这里是按正常情况“退一步说”,与现在的事实相反,应用虚拟语气,从句中用一般过去时,故填wanted。
句意:当摄制组离开后,孩子们迅速进入他们的房子,开始忙碌起来。句中“went int”为动词短语,应用副词修饰。quick快的,形容词,其副词形式为quickly,意为“快地”,故填quickly。
interested
was intrduced
families
their
hw
als
t talk
but
In
what
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述了作者在非洲一家医院工作一个月后的心得和感受,并且更加坚定了自己的职业目标的故事。
句意:我对在大学学习医学很感兴趣。
考查形容词。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”,根据句意,故填interested。
句意:我被介绍到了一个与我的世界在很多方面都非常不同的世界。
考查动词。根据句意可知主语和谓语动词是被动关系,又因为本文讲述的过去的事情,所以该句应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词,故填was intrduced。
句意:我感到震惊的是,那里有那么多的家庭如此贫困,他们的生活有多么艰难。
考查名词。s many意为“如此多的”,后面跟可数名词复数形式,family复数形式为families,故填families。
句意:但我也惊讶于人们如何积极地度过他们的日常生活。
考查形容词性物主代词。此处要修饰名词lives,所以应用they的形容词性物主代词their,故填their。
句意:我想我们很多人都没有意识到我们有多幸运。
考查感叹句。根据句意指“我们有多幸运”,是个感叹句,又根据感叹句结构What+(a/an)+形容词+名词或Hw +adj./adv.+主语+谓语,可知应用hw引导感叹句,故填hw。
句意:我不仅花了很多时间打扫地板,还花了一些时间照顾病人。
考查副词。nt nly…but als…意为“不仅……而且……”,根据句意,故填als。
句意:我有机会和一些医生交谈,询问他们有关工作的情况。
考查动词。get the chance t d sth.意为“得到做某事的机会”,根据句意,故填t talk。
句意:我在医院里看到了一些非常可怕的事情,但都没有改变了我做医生的想法。
考查并列连词。根据句意前后两句是转折关系,所以用连词but,故填but。
句意:事实上,他们只会让我更加坚定地去做医学!
考查介词。in fact为固定搭配,意为“事实上”,句首首字母要大写,故填In。
句意:当我完成后,我知道我要做什么:我想为红十字会这样的国际组织工作。
考查疑问词。根据句意指“我知道我要做什么”,所以用what引导宾语从句,故填what。
happen
mre
als
natural
shws
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了大笑的好处。
句意:当你笑的时候,你的身体会发生变化。根据“changes”和备选词汇可知,发生变化,主语是复数,动词用原形;故填happen。
句意:例如,你比平时吸入更多的空气,这对你的心脏有好处。根据“than”和备选词汇可知,需要更多的空气,much的比较级是mre;故填mre。
句意:笑也可以减轻疼痛。根据“reduce pain”和备选词汇可知,此处谈论大笑的其他好处,als“也”符合句意;故填als。
句意:当你受伤的时候,你可能不想笑,但是笑可以帮助身体制造自己的天然药物。根据“medicine”和备选词汇可知,需要一个形容词,应该是制造天然的药物,nature的形容词是natural;故填natural。
句意:研究表明,笑100次和骑15分钟自行车一样有效。根据“laughing 100 times is as gd as riding a bike fr 15 minutes”和备选词汇可知,是研究结果,shw“展示”,句子时态是一般现在时态,主语是单数,动词用三单形式,shws符合句意;故填shws。
wisely
Withut
means
helpful
teeth
【解析】
【分析】
本文针对节约用水给出建议。
句意:我们需要水来生存,如果我们不明智地使用水,我们会用尽!分析“We need water t stay alive and if we dn’t use water”和备选词可知,wise“明智的”符合语境,在句中修饰动词,使用副词形式,故填wisely。
句意:没有水,我们都会死。分析“…water, we wuld all die.”和备选词可知,没有水会死,选择withut,句首需大写首字母,故填Withut。
句意:使用更少的水意味着节约金钱和能源。根据“Using less water…saving mney and saving energy.”和备选词可知,mean“意味着”符合语境,句子时态是一般现在时,主语是动名词短语Using less water,动词用三单,故填means。
句意:以下是一些有用的建议。根据“Here are sme…tips”和备选词可知,helpful“有帮助的”符合语境,作定语修饰tips,故填helpful。
句意:洗手或刷牙时关掉水龙头。根据“brush yur…”和备选词可知,tth“牙齿”符合语境,此处表示复数含义,使用名词复数,故填teeth。
first
fr
because
happier
says/said
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意:音乐帮助我们锻炼——但它为什么会有这种效果呢?本文给出了我们原因:一是音乐分散了我们的注意力;二是音乐也让我们想要运动。
句意:第一个原因很简单:音乐分散了我们的注意力。
根据上文Experts say there are tw main reasns. 专家称主要有两个原因。结合The 1 is simple: music takes ur attentin away.及备选词汇,可知此处说的是第一个原因;ne是基数词,表示数目,这里表示的是顺序,应用其序数词,故答案为first。
句意:例如,在我们锻炼了20分钟后,我们的身体可能会很累。
根据Fr example, After we exercise 2 20 minutes, ur bdy might be tired.结合备选词汇,可知是锻炼了20分钟后,我们的身体可能会很累。fr后接一段时间,故答案为fr。
句意:但我们可能不会立刻感觉到,因为我们在听音乐。
根据But we may nt feel this immediately 3 we are listening t music.可知前后句之间是因果关系,结合备选词汇,可知because符合题意,故答案为because。
句意:一首积极的歌也能让我们心情好,所以我们感觉更快乐。
根据A psitive sng als puts us in a gd md, s we feel much 4 .结合备选词汇,可知是积极的歌也能让我们心情好,所以我们感觉更快乐。happy高兴的、快乐的,形容词,由语境可知,这里暗含比较级,所以应用其比较级形式happier,much修饰形容词的比较级,故答案为happier。
句意:“但是音乐不能太快,”著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说。
根据"But the music shuldn't be t fast, " 5 Dr. Cstas, a famus sprts expert. 结合备选词汇,可知这是著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说的话,所以这里应用say来填空,联系上下文语境可知,这里的时态用一般现在时和一般过去时均可,主语为第三人称单数,所以动词也要用第三人称单数形式says,say的过去式为said;故答案为says/said。
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