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北师大版高中英语必修第三册unit8 green living 单元测评作业探究含答案
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这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第三册unit8 green living 单元测评作业探究含答案，共20页。
第八单元测评
(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
M:What’s the price of the TV?
W:Five thousand yuan.
M:How about that one?
W:Six thousand five hundred yuan.
M:I’d rather take the expensive one.
W:That’s more like it.You get what you pay for.
1.Where does the conversation most likely take place?
A.In the library.
B.In a store.
C.In the booking office.
答案B
M:Excuse me.Have you got an electronic dictionary?
W:I’m afraid not.Why don’t you go and ask Linda?I saw one on her desk just now.
2.Who is most likely to have an electronic dictionary?
A.Linda.
B.The woman.
C.The man.
答案A
W:I don’t like the present style of my decoration.I want to redecorate my house.
M:What style do you prefer?
W:I would like to make it more modern.
3.How does the woman find her decoration?
A.It’s not modern.
B.It’s just so-so.
C.It’s up to date.
答案A
W:Excuse me,Manager,but can I have a word with you?
M:Of course.What is it?
W:Could I take this afternoon off?You see,my daughter is ill and I want to take her to see the doctor.
M:OK.
4.How long will the woman be off?
A.A day.
B.A morning.
C.An afternoon.
答案C
M:You should have prepared your speech for the meeting,Susan.
W:Yes,I know.But how could I prepare with the meeting date fixed so soon?
5.What does Susan mean?
A.She had a date then.
B.She will put off the meeting.
C.She didn’t have time to prepare the speech.
答案C
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。
W:Was it cold last winter?
M:Yes,it was.December and February were much colder than January.
W:Did you have much snow?
M:Yes!Of course we didn’t have as much snow as you had in Geneva.
W:What about the other seasons?
M:I think autumn was the most beautiful season.The days were clear and dry.And it was sunny and warm all day.September and October were the nicest months,but November was terrible.We had a lot of rain.
W:What was last spring like?
M:It wasn’t very nice.May was nicer than March and April.March was cold and April was wet.
W:What is summer like?Is it always as hot as this?
M:It wasn’t last year.But the summer’s been marvelous this year.
6.What month is it most likely now?
A.January.
B.March.
C.June.
答案C
7.What season was the BEST season last year?
A.Spring.
B.Summer.
C.Autumn.
答案C
8.When was the nice period last year?
A.September and October.
B.October and November.
C.March and April.
答案A
听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。
W:Excuse me.Can you help me?
M:Yes?
W:I have a ticket to Seattle.How do I get there?
M:I can’t help you here.You have to go to the ticket counter.Follow this passage to the end,turn left and go three hundred yards.You’ll see a sign that says,“Check in”.Then look for the airline you want.
W:Can you repeat that,please?
M:Sure.Go down this hall till you come to the end.Go left till you see the big sign overhead,“Check in”.There’ll be lots of counters for the different airlines.You go to the one where you have your ticket.
W:Go down this hall to the end.Then go left?
M:That’s right.Here,I’ll draw you a map.Sometimes it’s confusing.
W:Thank you.
M:My pleasure.
9.What is the woman going to do?
A.To buy a ticket.
B.To take a plane.
C.To meet a friend at the airport.
答案B
10.How to get to the place the woman wants to?
A.Walk through three hundred yards and turn left at the end.
B.Turn left at the end and walk further to a sign.
C.Turn left at the ticket counter and walk further.
答案B
11.Why will the man draw the woman a map?
A.He is afraid of misunderstanding.
B.The man wants to confuse her.
C.To show off his skill in drawing maps.
答案A
听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。
M:Excuse me.I’m trying to do some work.I’m afraid your children are making a lot of noise.Don’t they ever go to sleep?
W:I’m sorry.They are noisy.But you know it’s difficult to keep boys quiet.
M:I couldn’t work and I couldn’t sleep last night.And I was wakened by the noise they made early this morning.
W:I’m terribly sorry.You know they never listen to me.They’re only afraid of their father.He’s away on business,but he’ll be back tomorrow.
M:I hope he can do something about it.
12.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A.They are parent and teacher.
B.They are neighbors.
C.They are close friends.
答案B
13.How will the woman make her children quiet?
A.By asking their father to help.
B.She will ask the children to be quiet.
C.The man will ask the children to be quiet.
答案A
14.What’s the children’s father?
A.A banker.
B.A doctor.
C.Not mentioned.
答案C
听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。
W:Dad,what will we have for supper?
M:I don’t know.Maybe fried eggs,chicken soup and...
W:Oh,no.We’ve had the same things since Mom’s gone.I am really tired of them.
M:I’m sorry.But that’s the only things I can cook.What do you want to have then?
W:I do wish Mom was back.Why don’t we eat out for a change?
M:Oh,that’s a good idea.I like Kentucky fried chicken very much.
W:Dad,you always talk about fried chicken.Let’s have something different.Let’s go to McDonald’s this time.
M:OK,then.You’ll drive,won’t you?
W:No,I’m a bit tired today.You drive,please.
M:OK.Hope your mom will be back soon.Ah,here we are.
W:Dad,what would you like to have?I’d like a hamburger.
M:I want one,too.And some fries?
W:Yeah.A glass of coke,an ice-cream cone and an apple pie.
M:OK.You go and find the seats.
15.Where did the two speakers finally agree to go for dinner?
A.To a cafeteria.
B.To KFC.
C.To the McDonald’s.
答案C
16.Why wouldn’t the girl drive?
A.She was too young.
B.She didn’t know the way.
C.She was a bit tired.
答案C
17.What can we learn from the dialogue?
A.The father was not a good cook.
B.The girl liked the McDonald’s very much.
C.The mother wouldn’t be back any more.
答案A
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
Dear Fred,
The news in your letter of the 25th was a real surprise.I am very pleased indeed to hear of your marriage,and I offer you my warmest congratulations.I wish you and your wife many years of happiness together and look forward to seeing you both.It must be nearly three years since we met.Your marriage proves that you are doing very well in business.One can’t marry in these days of high prices and heavy taxes without a good income.I am still unmarried,but I hope to marry next year.Do you remember Mary Smith,the girl who was at college with us?She’s the girl who’s going to be my wife as soon as we can afford to marry.I am still in the food business.I have not yet risen to be the manager of the company.In fact I have still a junior position,but I’m beginning to do quite well.Once more,congratulations on your marriage.
18.How is Fred getting along with his business?
A.Very well.
B.Badly.
C.Still not very well.
答案A
19.What is the purpose of this letter?
A.To send his congratulations on Fred’s marriage.
B.To borrow money from Fred in order to get married.
C.To introduce his future wife to Fred.
答案A
20.What can we learn about Mary Smith?
A.She was the writer’s girlfriend at college.
B.She studied in the same college with Fred and the writer.
C.She was Fred’s girlfriend at college.
答案B
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cycling isn’t always easy.Busy streets and few bike lanes and parking areas can make it a battle.But not even these difficulties can stop Europeans’ love for cycling.According to Reuters,more bicycles have been sold than cars in 26 of the European Union’s 28 states this year.
In some European countries,people really love bicycles.“People ride to work and take their bikes to the grocery store,”Bill Strickland,editor of Bicycling magazine,told the reporter from Reuters.
So what has led to cycling’s growing popularity in Europe?Cycling is “a safe,clean,healthy,inexpensive way to get around town,”theDailyStar concluded.“It not only reduces traffic problems and pollution,but also contributes to public health.”
Bike-friendly rules have also been made.Lots of cities have joined a European Union initiative (倡议) to make bicycles a form of city transport,like cars.Quite a few cities such as Stockholm,London,Florence and Munich now offer special bike lanes.Copenhagen takes it a step further by keeping bicycles and cars separated as much as possible.On these routes,traffic lights are designed to the rhythms of bicycles,not cars.For people living far from city centers,getting to work by bicycle alone may take too much time.That’s why many European countries now allow cyclists to bring their bicycles onto subway trains.Europeans are also creative in solving parking problems.Amsterdam has come up with a high-tech solution:you lock your bike to a rack (机架),which then goes underground.When you want your bike back,it is brought back to the surface.
【语篇解读】本文描述的是欧洲人对自行车的热爱,以及与此相关的种种措施。
21.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingcitiesofferspecialbikelanesEXCEPT .
A.Copenhagen B.Amsterdam
C.London D.Stockholm
答案B
解析根据最后一段中的“Stockholm,London,FlorenceandMunichnowofferspecialbikelanes.Copenhagentakesitastepfurtherbykeepingbicyclesandcarsseparatedasmuchaspossible”可知没有提供特别的自行车道的城市是B项。
22.Why do people enjoy cycling in Europe from the passage?
A.Bicycles can be brought onto subway trains.
B.Cycling is a good way to get around town.
C.People can park their bicycles wherever they like.
D.Bicycles can be locked to a rack underground.
答案B
解析根据第三段中的“asafe,clean,healthy,inexpensivewaytogetaroundtown”可知选B项。
23.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.New rules are made for cyclists.
B.More bicycles are sold in Europe.
C.Bicycles need their own ways.
D.European people love bicycles.
答案D
解析根据全文的陈述可知,本文描述的是欧洲人对自行车的热爱,以及与此相关的种种措施。
B
London is in a valley.So towns in valleys see the surrounding air staying to the lower point.During the night,cold air from surrounding hills falls down in the valleys.The fog reputation of London,which called the smog,comes from the fact that the houses were,in the past,heated by coal.Houses and factories gave off much pollution in the air and,in order to condense (浓缩) into tiny water droplets,moisture (湿度) needs to be in contact with something that has a mass.So,the valley,the city,the coal heating,a high pressure with no wind and staying air... and you get the London’s smog.
In common with many countries,Britain has serious environmental problems.In 1952,more than 4,000 people died in London because of the worst smog.The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories and the situation improved a lot.
Today,London is much cleaner but there is a new problem:smog from cars.In December 1991,there was very little wind in London and pollution increased a lot.As a result,about 160 people died from pollution in just four days.
Part of the problem is the new “out of town” shopping centers.In the past,people often walked to shops near their homes or went by bus.Now,many people drive to the new shopping centers.As a result,the small shops have disappeared and more people have to travel to do their shopping.
Many people are trying to reduce the use of cars in Britain.Some cities now have special bicycle paths and many people cycle to work.Some people also travel to work together in one car to reduce the pollution and cost.
Sometimes people take “direct action”.In 1995,for example,many people wanted to stop a new road from being built near Newbury.They set up houses in trees and lived there for many months.It took a long time to force the people out of the trees before the construction work on the road could continue.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了汽车产生的尾气所带来的危害及政府和人民采取的措施。
24.Whichofthefollowingisn’tthedirectcauseofsmoginLondon?
A.Thevalley.
B.Thestayingair.
C.Thecoalheating.
D.Thedevelopedindustry.
答案D
解析根据第一段最后一句“So,thevalley,thecity,thecoalheating,ahighpressurewithnowindandstayingair...andyougettheLondon’ssmog.”可知A、B、C三项是导致伦敦烟雾的直接原因。
25.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The government once introduced a law against smog from cars and factories.
B.London is much cleaner than before so nobody dies from pollution any longer.
C.Now smog in London mainly comes from cars.
D.The “direct action” taken in 1995 was a successful example of people reducing the use of cars.
答案C
解析根据第三段第一句“Today,Londonismuchcleanerbutthereisanewproblem:smogfromcars.”可知,伦敦现在烟雾主要来自汽车尾气排放。
26.What makes people do the shopping by car?
A.They prefer to do shopping in big shopping centers outside the town.
B.Small shops near their homes have disappeared.
C.Many new shopping centers have appeared outside the town.
D.It has become a fashion to do shopping in large shopping centers.
答案B
解析根据第四段最后一句“Asaresult,thesmallshopshavedisappearedandmorepeoplehavetotraveltodotheirshopping.”可知家附近的小商店没有了,他们不得不开车到城外商场(thenew“outoftown”shoppingcenters)购物。A、C两项的陈述虽然正确,但不是人们被迫开车购物的原因。
27.What is the best title for this passage?
A.To Reduce the Use of Cars
B.The Disadvantages Brought by the Use of Cars
C.Smog from Cars in Britain
D.People’s Actions against Smog
答案C
解析本文讲述了汽车产生的尾气所带来的危害及政府和人民采取的措施,故选C项,其他选项只涉及文章的某个方面。
C
If you really want to go green,here’s good news:eating green is good for you.The very foods with a high carbon (碳) cost — meat,pork,dairy products,processed snacks — also tend to be filled with fat and calories.A green diet would be mostly vegetables and fruits,whole grains (全谷物),fish and lean meats (瘦肉) like chicken — a diet that is good for environment and your figure.Eating green can be healthier and beneficial to the climate.
It may be hard to believe that a meal at McDonald’s produces more carbon than your trip to a faraway place.More than 37% of the world’s land is used for agriculture,much of which was once forested.Deforestation (砍伐森林) is a major source of carbon.The fertilizer (化肥) and machinery needed on a modern farm also have a large carbon footprint,as does the network of ships and trucks that brings the food from the farm to your plate.
The most efficient way to reduce the carbon footprint of your menu is to eat less meat,especially beef.Raising cattle takes a lot more energy than growing the equivalent (相等的) amount of grains,fruits or vegetables.What’s more,the majority of cattle in the US are fed on grain and loads of it—670 million tons in 2002—and the fertilizer used to feed that creates separate environmental problems.
Focus on eating lower on the food chain,with more plants and fruits and less meat and dairy.It’s simple.We can change today what goes into our bodies for the health of our planet and ourselves.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了吃绿色食品的好处。
28.Accordingtothepassage,eatinggreenwill .
A.protecttheanimalsfrombeingkilled
B.promotethedevelopmentofagriculture
C.helpusloseweightandkeepself-confidence
D.begoodforourhealthandmakeachangefortheclimate
答案D
解析由第一段最后两句“Agreendiet...—adietthatisgoodforenvironmentandyourfigure.Eatinggreencanbehealthierandbeneficialtotheclimate.”可知,吃绿色食品对我们的健康和环境都有利。
29.What will not lead to carbon in the agriculture?
A.Grains. B.Fertilizer.
C.Machinery. D.Deforestation.
答案A
解析由第二、三段的介绍可知,只有谷物不会造成碳排放。
30.In the author’s opinion,the most efficient way to reduce carbon is to .
A.use less fertilizer
B.plant more grains
C.stop raising the cattle
D.eat more vegetables than meat
答案D
解析由第三段第一句中的“Themostefficientwaytoreducethecarbonfootprintofyourmenuistoeatlessmeat,especiallybeef.”可知选D项。
31.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The change of our menu.
B.How to reduce the carbon.
C.The benefits of eating green.
D.The ways of keeping healthy.
答案C
解析通读全文可知文章主要介绍了吃绿色食品的好处,故选C项。
D
Since the first Earth Day in 1970,Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment.“We didn’t know at that time that there even was an environment,let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson,president of EarthDayUSA.
But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.Business people,political leaders,university professors,and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement.“The understanding has increased many,many times,” says Gaylord Nelson,the former governor from Wisconsin,who thought up the first Earth Day.
According to US government reports,emissions (排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons.The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with,the world is a safer and healthier place.A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices.
Great improvement has been achieved.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs;today in 1995 there are about 6,600.Advanced lights,motors,and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.
Twenty-five years ago,there were hardly any education programs for environment.Today,it’s hard to find a public school,university,or law school that does not have such a kind of program.“Until we do that,nothing else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自从1970年的第一个“地球日”以来, 美国人在环保问题认识上的变化以及他们采取了一些有效措施积极应对环境问题等。文章最后还指出了教育在环保方面的重要性。
32.AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout .
A.thesocialmovement
B.recyclingtechniques
C.environmentalproblems
D.theimportanceofEarthDay
答案C
解析根据第一段中的“Wedidn’tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit”可知,当时美国人对环境问题没有足够的认识,因此应选择C项。
33.Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?
A.The grass-roots level.
B.The business circle.
C.Government officials.
D.University professors.
答案A
解析根据第二段第二句“Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement”可知,这里强调了这个运动的支持者应该是那些普通的美国民众,因此答案应是A项Thegrass-rootslevel,从而排除前面提到的那几类人。
34.WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?
A.Theyhavecutcaremissionstothelowest.
B.Theyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblems.
C.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.
D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.
答案D
解析文章第三段的第一句说明了汽车和卡车的尾气排放量从每年1,030万吨降到了550万吨, 由此可排除A项;再结合第二句“一氧化碳排放超标的城市从40个降到了9个”可知C项是错误的;根据第三句提到的“环境问题依然严峻”可知这个问题还没有得到解决, 所以排除B项。本段列举的这些数字证明了美国人采取了有效措施, 减少了环境污染, 因此答案选D项。
35.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?
A.Education. B.Planning.
C.Green living. D.CO reduction.
答案A
解析结合最后一段提到的“25年以前,在美国几乎没有关于环境的教育项目,而如今, 很难找到没有类似项目的公立学校、大学或者法学院了”,再结合布鲁斯所说的“没有教育,就无法改变环境问题”等, 我们可以推断出教育(education)的重要性。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Farmers,especially in developing countries,are often criticized for cutting down forests.But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value in keeping trees.
Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent tree cover on more than one billion hectares (公顷) of farmland. 36
The study found the most tree cover in South America. 37 North Africa and West Asia have the least.And it also found that climate conditions alone could not explain the amount of tree cover in different areas. 38
There are areas with few trees but also few people,and areas with many trees and many people.The findings suggest that things like land rights,markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.
Dennis Garrity heads the World Agroforestry Center. 39 The problem,he says,is that policy-makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.
The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for,but trees provide nuts,fruit,wood and other products.They provide windbreaks and shade from the sun. 40 Even under drought conditions,trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.
A.Almost all of it is covered by trees.
B.That is almost half the farmland in the world.
C.They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies.
D.He says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees.
E.Next comes Africa south of the Sahara,followed by Southeast Asia.
F.He devotes most of his time to making people realize its importance.
G.Nor could the size of nearby populations,meaning people and trees can live together.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】农民,特别是发展中国家的农民常常因砍伐森林而备受批评,但是,新的研究表明许多农民知道保护树木的重要性。
36.B 上文谈到有十亿公顷的耕地被至少百分之十的树木覆盖,B项“这几乎占了世界上耕地的一半”符合语境。
37.E 本文主要讲述的是各个洲被树木覆盖的情况,根据“themosttreecoverinSouthAmerica”可知,E项符合语境。
38.G 根据前面的“thatclimateconditionsalonecouldnotexplain”可知,G项中的“Norcouldthesize...”与此衔接自然。
39.D 空前提到了DennisGarrity,选项D中的He指的就是DennisGarrity。
40.C 上句谈的是树木的作用,C项“防止水土流失和保护水源”也是树木的作用,符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My teacher Mr.Bush is the most positive person I’ve ever met.He has the ability to 41 positiveness to young students.
He always smiles and never gets 42 at students.Once I met some 43 because I felt overshadowed by my brother,who seemed to be doing great in every way.Hopelessness 44 me whenever I was in a classroom.But that all 45 when I met my teacher for life,Mr.Bush.Having found out about my problems,he just kept 46 me.Because of Mr.Bush,my world was filled with 47 and power.
A few weeks ago,everyone in my class was feeling a bit 48 because of a bad day at school.But things got 49 after Mr.Bush’s class.He drew a picture on the whiteboard that 50 a half-full glass of water.He then said,“Class,the point of view in which you look at things will 51 your feelings.Like this glass of water;some people see it and think ‘What!Only half a glass of water.How 52 I am.’Whereas other people think ‘Wow,I’m so thirsty.Great!Half a glass of water for me!’ It all is in the 53 you think.”
Mr.Bush’s 54 way of thinking always makes me feel glad and 55 .I will always remember him.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师是一个极其乐观的人,他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生,他乐观的思维方式总是让作者感到高兴和充满希望。
41.A.passon B.applyfor
C.consistof D.giveup
答案A
解析句意:他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生。 passon传递;applyfor申请;consistof组成;giveup放弃。分析下文可知,Mr.Bush总是会让沮丧的学生高兴起来,故应是他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生。故选A项。
42.A.strict B.patient
C.mad D.curious
答案C
解析句意:他总是微笑,从不生学生的气。根据上文“Healwayssmilesandnevergets...”可知,Mr.Bush总是微笑,从不会生学生的气。故选C项。
43.A.friends B.needs
C.realities D.difficulties
答案D
解析句意:有一次,我遇到了一些困难,因为我觉得我的兄弟在各方面都做得很好,这让我有了阴影。根据下文“becauseIfeltovershadowedbymybrother,whoseemedtobedoinggreatineveryway.”可知,作者是遇到了一些困难。故选D项。
44.A.drowned B.resisted
C.cured D.relaxed
答案A
解析句意:每当我在教室里,绝望就淹没了我。drown淹没;resist抵抗;cure治愈;relax使放松。根据上文可知,作者一直活在兄弟的阴影之下,故应是绝望淹没了作者。故选A项。
45.A.happened B.changed
C.solved D.included
答案B
解析句意:但当我见到我的老师——布什先生,一切都变了。根据下文Mr.Bush鼓励作者,最后作者振作了起来可知,当见到Mr.Bush一切都变了。故选B项。
46.A.forgiving B.calming
C.encouraging D.calling
答案C
解析句意:他发现了我的问题,并一直鼓励我。forgive原谅;calm使平静;encourage鼓励;call呼叫。根据下文“BecauseofMr.Bush,myworldwasfilledwith...andpower.”可知,是由于Mr.Bush的鼓励,作者的世界充满了阳光和力量。故选C项。
47.A.sunshine B.fear
C.surprise D.disappointment
答案A
解析句意:因为布什先生,我的世界充满了阳光和力量。根据下文的“power”可知,Mr.Bush的鼓励让作者的世界充满阳光和力量。故选A项。
48.A.cheerful B.down
C.eager D.afraid
答案B
解析句意:几个星期前,我们班的每个人都因为今天在学校的糟糕表现而感到有点沮丧。根据下文“becauseofabaddayatschool”,可知我们班的每个人在学校表现糟糕,故感到沮丧。故选B项。
49.A.warmer B.higher
C.better D.happier
答案C
解析句意:但在布什先生的课结束后,情况有所好转。根据下文Mr.Bush画了一张半杯水的图,告诉同学们思维方式不一样,看问题的角度就不一样,同学们又都高兴起来可知,Mr.Bush课结束后,情况又好起来了。故选C项。
50.A.served B.filled
C.bought D.showed
答案D
解析句意:他在白板上画了一幅画,画的是半杯水。根据下文“Likethisglassofwater;somepeopleseeitandthink ‘What!Onlyhalfaglassofwater.How...Iam.’ Whereasotherpeoplethink ‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’”可知,Mr.Bush的画上显示的是半杯水。故选D项。
51.A.hurt B.care about
C.give away D.affect
答案D
解析句意:他接着说,“同学们,你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。”根据下文的“Itallisinthe...youthink.”可知,Mr.Bush想要告诉同学们,你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。故选D项。
52.A.pleased B.unfortunate
C.bright D.perfect
答案B
解析句意:就像这杯水;有些人看到它就想“什么!只有半杯水。我真不幸。”根据下文的“Whereasotherpeoplethink ‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’”可知,此处表示一个对比,有的人认为只有半杯水是不幸的。故选B项。
53.A.way B.direction
C.end D.past
答案A
解析句意:一切都取决于你怎么想。分析上下文可知,Mr.Bush给同学们画了一幅半杯水的图,告诉他们有的人对此持积极的态度,有的人对此持消极的态度。故应是想告诉同学们:你看事情的角度会影响你的感受,一切都取决于你怎么想。故选A项。
54.A.different B.optimistic
C.special D.important
答案B
解析句意:布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴……根据上文“MyteacherMr.BushisthemostpositivepersonI’veevermet.”可知,Mr.Bush是一个乐观的人,故他乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴。故选B项。
55.A.proud B.careful
C.lonely D.hopeful
答案D
解析句意:布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴并充满希望。分析上下文可知,Mr.Bush总是用他积极的思维方式影响着作者,故应是让作者感到高兴并充满希望。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop.Since 2011 the country 56 (grow) more corn than rice.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 57 past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 58 (actual) behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle.Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 59 (improve) water quality.Corn uses less water 60 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.This switch has decreased 61 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent of total 62 (globe) fertilizer consumption.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 63 (start) a soil-testing program 64 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.China’s approach to protecting its environment while 65 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国近年来根据人们的膳食变化调整农作物种植结构,为全球生态环境保护做出了贡献。
56.hasgrown 考查时态和主谓一致。由时间状语since2011可知句子用现在完成时,主语thecountry是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用hasgrown。
57.the 考查固定搭配中的定冠词。overthepast25years在过去的25年里。
58.actually 考查词性转换。修饰bebehindthechange,用形容词actual的副词形式actually。
59.toimprove 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改善水质”,故用不定式作目的状语。
60.than 考查连词。由句中的比较级less可知,此处将玉米和水稻进行比较,故填than。
61.pollution 考查词性转换。decrease“降低,减少”,后接名词作宾语,pollute的名词形式是pollution。
62.global 考查词性转换。修饰名词短语fertilizerconsumption应用形容词,名词globe的形容词形式是global。
63.started 考查时态。由2005可知事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故谓语动词用start的过去式started。
64.that/which 考查引导定语从句。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,修饰指物的asoil-testingprogram且在从句中作主语,故用that或which。
65.feeding 考查非谓语动词。China与feed是主动关系,所以用“连词+现在分词”形式作状语。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Tom看到你在微信上分享了学校最近举行的主题为“建设绿色家园”的植树活动,发邮件向你询问有关情况。请你用英语回复邮件,内容包括:
1.活动情况简介;
2.活动的意义。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Tom,
I’m delighted to learn that you are interested in our tree-planting activity.
The activity is held annually with different themes.This year’s theme is “Building a Green Home”.The activity was held on March 12,our National Tree-planting Day.Early in the morning,all the teachers and students gathered on the West Hill,where we spent the whole morning digging,planting and watering.Eventually about 200 trees were planted.Seeing the trees waving in the warm wind,we all felt excited and proud despite tiredness.
Undoubtedly,we benefit a lot from the activity,which not only brings us the pleasure of labor but also helps us to develop team spirit.Hopefully you can join us next year.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was a bright-eyed,pretty five-year-old girl.
One day when she and her mother were at the grocery store (杂货店),Jenny saw a plastic pearl(珍珠)necklace priced at $2.50.How she wanted that necklace,and when she asked her mother if she would buy it for her,her mother said,“Well,it is a pretty necklace,but it costs an awful lot of money.I’ll tell you what.I’ll buy you the necklace,and when we get home we can make up a list of housework that you can do to pay for the necklace.And don’t forget that for your birthday Grandma might give you a whole dollar bill,too.Okay?” Jenny agreed,and her mother bought the pearl necklace for her.
Jenny worked on her housework very hard every day,and sure enough,her grandma gave her a dollar bill for her birthday.Soon Jenny had paid off the pearls.How Jenny loved those pearls.She wore them everywhere to kindergarten,bed and when she went out with her mother.
The only time she didn’t wear them was in the shower.Her mother had told her that they would turn her neck green!
Jenny had a very loving daddy.When Jenny went to bed,he would get up from his favourite chair every night and read Jenny her favourite story.
One night when he finished the story,he said,“Jenny,do you love me?”“Oh yes,Daddy,you know I love you,” the little girl said.“Well,then,give me your pearls.”“Oh!Daddy,not my pearls!” Jenny said.“But you can have beautiful,my favourite doll.Remember her?You gave her to me last year for my birthday.And you can have her tea party outfit(全套装备),too.Okay?”“Oh no,darling,that’s okay.” Her father brushed her cheek with a kiss.“Good night,little one.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Aweeklater,herfatheronceagainaskedJennyafterherstory,“Doyouloveme?”
Severaldayslater,whenJenny’sfathercameintoreadherastory,Jennywassittingonherbedandherlipsweretrembling.“Here,Daddy,”
参考范文
Aweeklater,herfatheronceagainaskedJennyafterherstory,“Doyouloveme?”“Oh yes,Daddy,you know I love you.”“Well,then,give me your pearls.”“Oh,Daddy,not my pearls!But you can have my toy horse.Do you remember her?She’s my favorite.Her hair is so soft,and you can play with it.You can have Ribbons if you want her,Daddy,” the little girl told her father.“No,that’s okay,” her father said and brushed her cheek again with a kiss.“God bless you,little one.Sweet dreams.”
Severaldayslater,whenJenny’sfathercameintoreadherastory,Jennywassittingonherbedandherlipsweretrembling.“Here,Daddy,” she said,and held out her hand.She opened it and her beloved pearl necklace was inside.She put it into her father’s hand.With one hand her father held the plastic pearls and the other he pulled a blue box out of his pocket.Inside of the box were real,genuine,beautiful pearls.He had had them all along.He was waiting for Jenny to give up the cheap stuff so he could give her the real thing.
第八单元测评
(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
M:What’s the price of the TV?
W:Five thousand yuan.
M:How about that one?
W:Six thousand five hundred yuan.
M:I’d rather take the expensive one.
W:That’s more like it.You get what you pay for.
1.Where does the conversation most likely take place?
A.In the library.
B.In a store.
C.In the booking office.
答案B
M:Excuse me.Have you got an electronic dictionary?
W:I’m afraid not.Why don’t you go and ask Linda?I saw one on her desk just now.
2.Who is most likely to have an electronic dictionary?
A.Linda.
B.The woman.
C.The man.
答案A
W:I don’t like the present style of my decoration.I want to redecorate my house.
M:What style do you prefer?
W:I would like to make it more modern.
3.How does the woman find her decoration?
A.It’s not modern.
B.It’s just so-so.
C.It’s up to date.
答案A
W:Excuse me,Manager,but can I have a word with you?
M:Of course.What is it?
W:Could I take this afternoon off?You see,my daughter is ill and I want to take her to see the doctor.
M:OK.
4.How long will the woman be off?
A.A day.
B.A morning.
C.An afternoon.
答案C
M:You should have prepared your speech for the meeting,Susan.
W:Yes,I know.But how could I prepare with the meeting date fixed so soon?
5.What does Susan mean?
A.She had a date then.
B.She will put off the meeting.
C.She didn’t have time to prepare the speech.
答案C
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。
W:Was it cold last winter?
M:Yes,it was.December and February were much colder than January.
W:Did you have much snow?
M:Yes!Of course we didn’t have as much snow as you had in Geneva.
W:What about the other seasons?
M:I think autumn was the most beautiful season.The days were clear and dry.And it was sunny and warm all day.September and October were the nicest months,but November was terrible.We had a lot of rain.
W:What was last spring like?
M:It wasn’t very nice.May was nicer than March and April.March was cold and April was wet.
W:What is summer like?Is it always as hot as this?
M:It wasn’t last year.But the summer’s been marvelous this year.
6.What month is it most likely now?
A.January.
B.March.
C.June.
答案C
7.What season was the BEST season last year?
A.Spring.
B.Summer.
C.Autumn.
答案C
8.When was the nice period last year?
A.September and October.
B.October and November.
C.March and April.
答案A
听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。
W:Excuse me.Can you help me?
M:Yes?
W:I have a ticket to Seattle.How do I get there?
M:I can’t help you here.You have to go to the ticket counter.Follow this passage to the end,turn left and go three hundred yards.You’ll see a sign that says,“Check in”.Then look for the airline you want.
W:Can you repeat that,please?
M:Sure.Go down this hall till you come to the end.Go left till you see the big sign overhead,“Check in”.There’ll be lots of counters for the different airlines.You go to the one where you have your ticket.
W:Go down this hall to the end.Then go left?
M:That’s right.Here,I’ll draw you a map.Sometimes it’s confusing.
W:Thank you.
M:My pleasure.
9.What is the woman going to do?
A.To buy a ticket.
B.To take a plane.
C.To meet a friend at the airport.
答案B
10.How to get to the place the woman wants to?
A.Walk through three hundred yards and turn left at the end.
B.Turn left at the end and walk further to a sign.
C.Turn left at the ticket counter and walk further.
答案B
11.Why will the man draw the woman a map?
A.He is afraid of misunderstanding.
B.The man wants to confuse her.
C.To show off his skill in drawing maps.
答案A
听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。
M:Excuse me.I’m trying to do some work.I’m afraid your children are making a lot of noise.Don’t they ever go to sleep?
W:I’m sorry.They are noisy.But you know it’s difficult to keep boys quiet.
M:I couldn’t work and I couldn’t sleep last night.And I was wakened by the noise they made early this morning.
W:I’m terribly sorry.You know they never listen to me.They’re only afraid of their father.He’s away on business,but he’ll be back tomorrow.
M:I hope he can do something about it.
12.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A.They are parent and teacher.
B.They are neighbors.
C.They are close friends.
答案B
13.How will the woman make her children quiet?
A.By asking their father to help.
B.She will ask the children to be quiet.
C.The man will ask the children to be quiet.
答案A
14.What’s the children’s father?
A.A banker.
B.A doctor.
C.Not mentioned.
答案C
听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。
W:Dad,what will we have for supper?
M:I don’t know.Maybe fried eggs,chicken soup and...
W:Oh,no.We’ve had the same things since Mom’s gone.I am really tired of them.
M:I’m sorry.But that’s the only things I can cook.What do you want to have then?
W:I do wish Mom was back.Why don’t we eat out for a change?
M:Oh,that’s a good idea.I like Kentucky fried chicken very much.
W:Dad,you always talk about fried chicken.Let’s have something different.Let’s go to McDonald’s this time.
M:OK,then.You’ll drive,won’t you?
W:No,I’m a bit tired today.You drive,please.
M:OK.Hope your mom will be back soon.Ah,here we are.
W:Dad,what would you like to have?I’d like a hamburger.
M:I want one,too.And some fries?
W:Yeah.A glass of coke,an ice-cream cone and an apple pie.
M:OK.You go and find the seats.
15.Where did the two speakers finally agree to go for dinner?
A.To a cafeteria.
B.To KFC.
C.To the McDonald’s.
答案C
16.Why wouldn’t the girl drive?
A.She was too young.
B.She didn’t know the way.
C.She was a bit tired.
答案C
17.What can we learn from the dialogue?
A.The father was not a good cook.
B.The girl liked the McDonald’s very much.
C.The mother wouldn’t be back any more.
答案A
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
Dear Fred,
The news in your letter of the 25th was a real surprise.I am very pleased indeed to hear of your marriage,and I offer you my warmest congratulations.I wish you and your wife many years of happiness together and look forward to seeing you both.It must be nearly three years since we met.Your marriage proves that you are doing very well in business.One can’t marry in these days of high prices and heavy taxes without a good income.I am still unmarried,but I hope to marry next year.Do you remember Mary Smith,the girl who was at college with us?She’s the girl who’s going to be my wife as soon as we can afford to marry.I am still in the food business.I have not yet risen to be the manager of the company.In fact I have still a junior position,but I’m beginning to do quite well.Once more,congratulations on your marriage.
18.How is Fred getting along with his business?
A.Very well.
B.Badly.
C.Still not very well.
答案A
19.What is the purpose of this letter?
A.To send his congratulations on Fred’s marriage.
B.To borrow money from Fred in order to get married.
C.To introduce his future wife to Fred.
答案A
20.What can we learn about Mary Smith?
A.She was the writer’s girlfriend at college.
B.She studied in the same college with Fred and the writer.
C.She was Fred’s girlfriend at college.
答案B
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cycling isn’t always easy.Busy streets and few bike lanes and parking areas can make it a battle.But not even these difficulties can stop Europeans’ love for cycling.According to Reuters,more bicycles have been sold than cars in 26 of the European Union’s 28 states this year.
In some European countries,people really love bicycles.“People ride to work and take their bikes to the grocery store,”Bill Strickland,editor of Bicycling magazine,told the reporter from Reuters.
So what has led to cycling’s growing popularity in Europe?Cycling is “a safe,clean,healthy,inexpensive way to get around town,”theDailyStar concluded.“It not only reduces traffic problems and pollution,but also contributes to public health.”
Bike-friendly rules have also been made.Lots of cities have joined a European Union initiative (倡议) to make bicycles a form of city transport,like cars.Quite a few cities such as Stockholm,London,Florence and Munich now offer special bike lanes.Copenhagen takes it a step further by keeping bicycles and cars separated as much as possible.On these routes,traffic lights are designed to the rhythms of bicycles,not cars.For people living far from city centers,getting to work by bicycle alone may take too much time.That’s why many European countries now allow cyclists to bring their bicycles onto subway trains.Europeans are also creative in solving parking problems.Amsterdam has come up with a high-tech solution:you lock your bike to a rack (机架),which then goes underground.When you want your bike back,it is brought back to the surface.
【语篇解读】本文描述的是欧洲人对自行车的热爱,以及与此相关的种种措施。
21.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingcitiesofferspecialbikelanesEXCEPT .
A.Copenhagen B.Amsterdam
C.London D.Stockholm
答案B
解析根据最后一段中的“Stockholm,London,FlorenceandMunichnowofferspecialbikelanes.Copenhagentakesitastepfurtherbykeepingbicyclesandcarsseparatedasmuchaspossible”可知没有提供特别的自行车道的城市是B项。
22.Why do people enjoy cycling in Europe from the passage?
A.Bicycles can be brought onto subway trains.
B.Cycling is a good way to get around town.
C.People can park their bicycles wherever they like.
D.Bicycles can be locked to a rack underground.
答案B
解析根据第三段中的“asafe,clean,healthy,inexpensivewaytogetaroundtown”可知选B项。
23.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.New rules are made for cyclists.
B.More bicycles are sold in Europe.
C.Bicycles need their own ways.
D.European people love bicycles.
答案D
解析根据全文的陈述可知,本文描述的是欧洲人对自行车的热爱,以及与此相关的种种措施。
B
London is in a valley.So towns in valleys see the surrounding air staying to the lower point.During the night,cold air from surrounding hills falls down in the valleys.The fog reputation of London,which called the smog,comes from the fact that the houses were,in the past,heated by coal.Houses and factories gave off much pollution in the air and,in order to condense (浓缩) into tiny water droplets,moisture (湿度) needs to be in contact with something that has a mass.So,the valley,the city,the coal heating,a high pressure with no wind and staying air... and you get the London’s smog.
In common with many countries,Britain has serious environmental problems.In 1952,more than 4,000 people died in London because of the worst smog.The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories and the situation improved a lot.
Today,London is much cleaner but there is a new problem:smog from cars.In December 1991,there was very little wind in London and pollution increased a lot.As a result,about 160 people died from pollution in just four days.
Part of the problem is the new “out of town” shopping centers.In the past,people often walked to shops near their homes or went by bus.Now,many people drive to the new shopping centers.As a result,the small shops have disappeared and more people have to travel to do their shopping.
Many people are trying to reduce the use of cars in Britain.Some cities now have special bicycle paths and many people cycle to work.Some people also travel to work together in one car to reduce the pollution and cost.
Sometimes people take “direct action”.In 1995,for example,many people wanted to stop a new road from being built near Newbury.They set up houses in trees and lived there for many months.It took a long time to force the people out of the trees before the construction work on the road could continue.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了汽车产生的尾气所带来的危害及政府和人民采取的措施。
24.Whichofthefollowingisn’tthedirectcauseofsmoginLondon?
A.Thevalley.
B.Thestayingair.
C.Thecoalheating.
D.Thedevelopedindustry.
答案D
解析根据第一段最后一句“So,thevalley,thecity,thecoalheating,ahighpressurewithnowindandstayingair...andyougettheLondon’ssmog.”可知A、B、C三项是导致伦敦烟雾的直接原因。
25.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The government once introduced a law against smog from cars and factories.
B.London is much cleaner than before so nobody dies from pollution any longer.
C.Now smog in London mainly comes from cars.
D.The “direct action” taken in 1995 was a successful example of people reducing the use of cars.
答案C
解析根据第三段第一句“Today,Londonismuchcleanerbutthereisanewproblem:smogfromcars.”可知,伦敦现在烟雾主要来自汽车尾气排放。
26.What makes people do the shopping by car?
A.They prefer to do shopping in big shopping centers outside the town.
B.Small shops near their homes have disappeared.
C.Many new shopping centers have appeared outside the town.
D.It has become a fashion to do shopping in large shopping centers.
答案B
解析根据第四段最后一句“Asaresult,thesmallshopshavedisappearedandmorepeoplehavetotraveltodotheirshopping.”可知家附近的小商店没有了,他们不得不开车到城外商场(thenew“outoftown”shoppingcenters)购物。A、C两项的陈述虽然正确,但不是人们被迫开车购物的原因。
27.What is the best title for this passage?
A.To Reduce the Use of Cars
B.The Disadvantages Brought by the Use of Cars
C.Smog from Cars in Britain
D.People’s Actions against Smog
答案C
解析本文讲述了汽车产生的尾气所带来的危害及政府和人民采取的措施,故选C项,其他选项只涉及文章的某个方面。
C
If you really want to go green,here’s good news:eating green is good for you.The very foods with a high carbon (碳) cost — meat,pork,dairy products,processed snacks — also tend to be filled with fat and calories.A green diet would be mostly vegetables and fruits,whole grains (全谷物),fish and lean meats (瘦肉) like chicken — a diet that is good for environment and your figure.Eating green can be healthier and beneficial to the climate.
It may be hard to believe that a meal at McDonald’s produces more carbon than your trip to a faraway place.More than 37% of the world’s land is used for agriculture,much of which was once forested.Deforestation (砍伐森林) is a major source of carbon.The fertilizer (化肥) and machinery needed on a modern farm also have a large carbon footprint,as does the network of ships and trucks that brings the food from the farm to your plate.
The most efficient way to reduce the carbon footprint of your menu is to eat less meat,especially beef.Raising cattle takes a lot more energy than growing the equivalent (相等的) amount of grains,fruits or vegetables.What’s more,the majority of cattle in the US are fed on grain and loads of it—670 million tons in 2002—and the fertilizer used to feed that creates separate environmental problems.
Focus on eating lower on the food chain,with more plants and fruits and less meat and dairy.It’s simple.We can change today what goes into our bodies for the health of our planet and ourselves.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了吃绿色食品的好处。
28.Accordingtothepassage,eatinggreenwill .
A.protecttheanimalsfrombeingkilled
B.promotethedevelopmentofagriculture
C.helpusloseweightandkeepself-confidence
D.begoodforourhealthandmakeachangefortheclimate
答案D
解析由第一段最后两句“Agreendiet...—adietthatisgoodforenvironmentandyourfigure.Eatinggreencanbehealthierandbeneficialtotheclimate.”可知,吃绿色食品对我们的健康和环境都有利。
29.What will not lead to carbon in the agriculture?
A.Grains. B.Fertilizer.
C.Machinery. D.Deforestation.
答案A
解析由第二、三段的介绍可知,只有谷物不会造成碳排放。
30.In the author’s opinion,the most efficient way to reduce carbon is to .
A.use less fertilizer
B.plant more grains
C.stop raising the cattle
D.eat more vegetables than meat
答案D
解析由第三段第一句中的“Themostefficientwaytoreducethecarbonfootprintofyourmenuistoeatlessmeat,especiallybeef.”可知选D项。
31.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The change of our menu.
B.How to reduce the carbon.
C.The benefits of eating green.
D.The ways of keeping healthy.
答案C
解析通读全文可知文章主要介绍了吃绿色食品的好处,故选C项。
D
Since the first Earth Day in 1970,Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment.“We didn’t know at that time that there even was an environment,let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson,president of EarthDayUSA.
But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.Business people,political leaders,university professors,and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement.“The understanding has increased many,many times,” says Gaylord Nelson,the former governor from Wisconsin,who thought up the first Earth Day.
According to US government reports,emissions (排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons.The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with,the world is a safer and healthier place.A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices.
Great improvement has been achieved.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs;today in 1995 there are about 6,600.Advanced lights,motors,and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.
Twenty-five years ago,there were hardly any education programs for environment.Today,it’s hard to find a public school,university,or law school that does not have such a kind of program.“Until we do that,nothing else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自从1970年的第一个“地球日”以来, 美国人在环保问题认识上的变化以及他们采取了一些有效措施积极应对环境问题等。文章最后还指出了教育在环保方面的重要性。
32.AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout .
A.thesocialmovement
B.recyclingtechniques
C.environmentalproblems
D.theimportanceofEarthDay
答案C
解析根据第一段中的“Wedidn’tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit”可知,当时美国人对环境问题没有足够的认识,因此应选择C项。
33.Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?
A.The grass-roots level.
B.The business circle.
C.Government officials.
D.University professors.
答案A
解析根据第二段第二句“Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement”可知,这里强调了这个运动的支持者应该是那些普通的美国民众,因此答案应是A项Thegrass-rootslevel,从而排除前面提到的那几类人。
34.WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?
A.Theyhavecutcaremissionstothelowest.
B.Theyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblems.
C.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.
D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.
答案D
解析文章第三段的第一句说明了汽车和卡车的尾气排放量从每年1,030万吨降到了550万吨, 由此可排除A项;再结合第二句“一氧化碳排放超标的城市从40个降到了9个”可知C项是错误的;根据第三句提到的“环境问题依然严峻”可知这个问题还没有得到解决, 所以排除B项。本段列举的这些数字证明了美国人采取了有效措施, 减少了环境污染, 因此答案选D项。
35.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?
A.Education. B.Planning.
C.Green living. D.CO reduction.
答案A
解析结合最后一段提到的“25年以前,在美国几乎没有关于环境的教育项目,而如今, 很难找到没有类似项目的公立学校、大学或者法学院了”,再结合布鲁斯所说的“没有教育,就无法改变环境问题”等, 我们可以推断出教育(education)的重要性。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Farmers,especially in developing countries,are often criticized for cutting down forests.But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value in keeping trees.
Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent tree cover on more than one billion hectares (公顷) of farmland. 36
The study found the most tree cover in South America. 37 North Africa and West Asia have the least.And it also found that climate conditions alone could not explain the amount of tree cover in different areas. 38
There are areas with few trees but also few people,and areas with many trees and many people.The findings suggest that things like land rights,markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.
Dennis Garrity heads the World Agroforestry Center. 39 The problem,he says,is that policy-makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.
The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for,but trees provide nuts,fruit,wood and other products.They provide windbreaks and shade from the sun. 40 Even under drought conditions,trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.
A.Almost all of it is covered by trees.
B.That is almost half the farmland in the world.
C.They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies.
D.He says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees.
E.Next comes Africa south of the Sahara,followed by Southeast Asia.
F.He devotes most of his time to making people realize its importance.
G.Nor could the size of nearby populations,meaning people and trees can live together.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】农民,特别是发展中国家的农民常常因砍伐森林而备受批评,但是,新的研究表明许多农民知道保护树木的重要性。
36.B 上文谈到有十亿公顷的耕地被至少百分之十的树木覆盖,B项“这几乎占了世界上耕地的一半”符合语境。
37.E 本文主要讲述的是各个洲被树木覆盖的情况,根据“themosttreecoverinSouthAmerica”可知,E项符合语境。
38.G 根据前面的“thatclimateconditionsalonecouldnotexplain”可知,G项中的“Norcouldthesize...”与此衔接自然。
39.D 空前提到了DennisGarrity,选项D中的He指的就是DennisGarrity。
40.C 上句谈的是树木的作用,C项“防止水土流失和保护水源”也是树木的作用,符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My teacher Mr.Bush is the most positive person I’ve ever met.He has the ability to 41 positiveness to young students.
He always smiles and never gets 42 at students.Once I met some 43 because I felt overshadowed by my brother,who seemed to be doing great in every way.Hopelessness 44 me whenever I was in a classroom.But that all 45 when I met my teacher for life,Mr.Bush.Having found out about my problems,he just kept 46 me.Because of Mr.Bush,my world was filled with 47 and power.
A few weeks ago,everyone in my class was feeling a bit 48 because of a bad day at school.But things got 49 after Mr.Bush’s class.He drew a picture on the whiteboard that 50 a half-full glass of water.He then said,“Class,the point of view in which you look at things will 51 your feelings.Like this glass of water;some people see it and think ‘What!Only half a glass of water.How 52 I am.’Whereas other people think ‘Wow,I’m so thirsty.Great!Half a glass of water for me!’ It all is in the 53 you think.”
Mr.Bush’s 54 way of thinking always makes me feel glad and 55 .I will always remember him.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师是一个极其乐观的人,他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生,他乐观的思维方式总是让作者感到高兴和充满希望。
41.A.passon B.applyfor
C.consistof D.giveup
答案A
解析句意:他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生。 passon传递;applyfor申请;consistof组成;giveup放弃。分析下文可知,Mr.Bush总是会让沮丧的学生高兴起来,故应是他有能力把积极的一面传给年轻学生。故选A项。
42.A.strict B.patient
C.mad D.curious
答案C
解析句意:他总是微笑,从不生学生的气。根据上文“Healwayssmilesandnevergets...”可知,Mr.Bush总是微笑,从不会生学生的气。故选C项。
43.A.friends B.needs
C.realities D.difficulties
答案D
解析句意:有一次,我遇到了一些困难,因为我觉得我的兄弟在各方面都做得很好,这让我有了阴影。根据下文“becauseIfeltovershadowedbymybrother,whoseemedtobedoinggreatineveryway.”可知,作者是遇到了一些困难。故选D项。
44.A.drowned B.resisted
C.cured D.relaxed
答案A
解析句意:每当我在教室里,绝望就淹没了我。drown淹没;resist抵抗;cure治愈;relax使放松。根据上文可知,作者一直活在兄弟的阴影之下,故应是绝望淹没了作者。故选A项。
45.A.happened B.changed
C.solved D.included
答案B
解析句意:但当我见到我的老师——布什先生,一切都变了。根据下文Mr.Bush鼓励作者,最后作者振作了起来可知,当见到Mr.Bush一切都变了。故选B项。
46.A.forgiving B.calming
C.encouraging D.calling
答案C
解析句意:他发现了我的问题,并一直鼓励我。forgive原谅;calm使平静;encourage鼓励;call呼叫。根据下文“BecauseofMr.Bush,myworldwasfilledwith...andpower.”可知,是由于Mr.Bush的鼓励,作者的世界充满了阳光和力量。故选C项。
47.A.sunshine B.fear
C.surprise D.disappointment
答案A
解析句意:因为布什先生,我的世界充满了阳光和力量。根据下文的“power”可知,Mr.Bush的鼓励让作者的世界充满阳光和力量。故选A项。
48.A.cheerful B.down
C.eager D.afraid
答案B
解析句意:几个星期前,我们班的每个人都因为今天在学校的糟糕表现而感到有点沮丧。根据下文“becauseofabaddayatschool”,可知我们班的每个人在学校表现糟糕,故感到沮丧。故选B项。
49.A.warmer B.higher
C.better D.happier
答案C
解析句意:但在布什先生的课结束后,情况有所好转。根据下文Mr.Bush画了一张半杯水的图,告诉同学们思维方式不一样,看问题的角度就不一样,同学们又都高兴起来可知,Mr.Bush课结束后,情况又好起来了。故选C项。
50.A.served B.filled
C.bought D.showed
答案D
解析句意:他在白板上画了一幅画,画的是半杯水。根据下文“Likethisglassofwater;somepeopleseeitandthink ‘What!Onlyhalfaglassofwater.How...Iam.’ Whereasotherpeoplethink ‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’”可知,Mr.Bush的画上显示的是半杯水。故选D项。
51.A.hurt B.care about
C.give away D.affect
答案D
解析句意:他接着说,“同学们,你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。”根据下文的“Itallisinthe...youthink.”可知,Mr.Bush想要告诉同学们,你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。故选D项。
52.A.pleased B.unfortunate
C.bright D.perfect
答案B
解析句意:就像这杯水;有些人看到它就想“什么!只有半杯水。我真不幸。”根据下文的“Whereasotherpeoplethink ‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’”可知,此处表示一个对比,有的人认为只有半杯水是不幸的。故选B项。
53.A.way B.direction
C.end D.past
答案A
解析句意:一切都取决于你怎么想。分析上下文可知,Mr.Bush给同学们画了一幅半杯水的图,告诉他们有的人对此持积极的态度,有的人对此持消极的态度。故应是想告诉同学们:你看事情的角度会影响你的感受,一切都取决于你怎么想。故选A项。
54.A.different B.optimistic
C.special D.important
答案B
解析句意:布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴……根据上文“MyteacherMr.BushisthemostpositivepersonI’veevermet.”可知,Mr.Bush是一个乐观的人,故他乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴。故选B项。
55.A.proud B.careful
C.lonely D.hopeful
答案D
解析句意:布什先生乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴并充满希望。分析上下文可知,Mr.Bush总是用他积极的思维方式影响着作者,故应是让作者感到高兴并充满希望。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop.Since 2011 the country 56 (grow) more corn than rice.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 57 past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 58 (actual) behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle.Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 59 (improve) water quality.Corn uses less water 60 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.This switch has decreased 61 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent of total 62 (globe) fertilizer consumption.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 63 (start) a soil-testing program 64 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.China’s approach to protecting its environment while 65 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国近年来根据人们的膳食变化调整农作物种植结构,为全球生态环境保护做出了贡献。
56.hasgrown 考查时态和主谓一致。由时间状语since2011可知句子用现在完成时,主语thecountry是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用hasgrown。
57.the 考查固定搭配中的定冠词。overthepast25years在过去的25年里。
58.actually 考查词性转换。修饰bebehindthechange,用形容词actual的副词形式actually。
59.toimprove 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改善水质”,故用不定式作目的状语。
60.than 考查连词。由句中的比较级less可知,此处将玉米和水稻进行比较,故填than。
61.pollution 考查词性转换。decrease“降低,减少”,后接名词作宾语,pollute的名词形式是pollution。
62.global 考查词性转换。修饰名词短语fertilizerconsumption应用形容词,名词globe的形容词形式是global。
63.started 考查时态。由2005可知事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故谓语动词用start的过去式started。
64.that/which 考查引导定语从句。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,修饰指物的asoil-testingprogram且在从句中作主语,故用that或which。
65.feeding 考查非谓语动词。China与feed是主动关系,所以用“连词+现在分词”形式作状语。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Tom看到你在微信上分享了学校最近举行的主题为“建设绿色家园”的植树活动,发邮件向你询问有关情况。请你用英语回复邮件,内容包括:
1.活动情况简介;
2.活动的意义。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Tom,
I’m delighted to learn that you are interested in our tree-planting activity.
The activity is held annually with different themes.This year’s theme is “Building a Green Home”.The activity was held on March 12,our National Tree-planting Day.Early in the morning,all the teachers and students gathered on the West Hill,where we spent the whole morning digging,planting and watering.Eventually about 200 trees were planted.Seeing the trees waving in the warm wind,we all felt excited and proud despite tiredness.
Undoubtedly,we benefit a lot from the activity,which not only brings us the pleasure of labor but also helps us to develop team spirit.Hopefully you can join us next year.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was a bright-eyed,pretty five-year-old girl.
One day when she and her mother were at the grocery store (杂货店),Jenny saw a plastic pearl(珍珠)necklace priced at $2.50.How she wanted that necklace,and when she asked her mother if she would buy it for her,her mother said,“Well,it is a pretty necklace,but it costs an awful lot of money.I’ll tell you what.I’ll buy you the necklace,and when we get home we can make up a list of housework that you can do to pay for the necklace.And don’t forget that for your birthday Grandma might give you a whole dollar bill,too.Okay?” Jenny agreed,and her mother bought the pearl necklace for her.
Jenny worked on her housework very hard every day,and sure enough,her grandma gave her a dollar bill for her birthday.Soon Jenny had paid off the pearls.How Jenny loved those pearls.She wore them everywhere to kindergarten,bed and when she went out with her mother.
The only time she didn’t wear them was in the shower.Her mother had told her that they would turn her neck green!
Jenny had a very loving daddy.When Jenny went to bed,he would get up from his favourite chair every night and read Jenny her favourite story.
One night when he finished the story,he said,“Jenny,do you love me?”“Oh yes,Daddy,you know I love you,” the little girl said.“Well,then,give me your pearls.”“Oh!Daddy,not my pearls!” Jenny said.“But you can have beautiful,my favourite doll.Remember her?You gave her to me last year for my birthday.And you can have her tea party outfit(全套装备),too.Okay?”“Oh no,darling,that’s okay.” Her father brushed her cheek with a kiss.“Good night,little one.”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Aweeklater,herfatheronceagainaskedJennyafterherstory,“Doyouloveme?”
Severaldayslater,whenJenny’sfathercameintoreadherastory,Jennywassittingonherbedandherlipsweretrembling.“Here,Daddy,”
参考范文
Aweeklater,herfatheronceagainaskedJennyafterherstory,“Doyouloveme?”“Oh yes,Daddy,you know I love you.”“Well,then,give me your pearls.”“Oh,Daddy,not my pearls!But you can have my toy horse.Do you remember her?She’s my favorite.Her hair is so soft,and you can play with it.You can have Ribbons if you want her,Daddy,” the little girl told her father.“No,that’s okay,” her father said and brushed her cheek again with a kiss.“God bless you,little one.Sweet dreams.”
Severaldayslater,whenJenny’sfathercameintoreadherastory,Jennywassittingonherbedandherlipsweretrembling.“Here,Daddy,” she said,and held out her hand.She opened it and her beloved pearl necklace was inside.She put it into her father’s hand.With one hand her father held the plastic pearls and the other he pulled a blue box out of his pocket.Inside of the box were real,genuine,beautiful pearls.He had had them all along.He was waiting for Jenny to give up the cheap stuff so he could give her the real thing.
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