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2021-2022学年山西省长治市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2021-2022学年山西省长治市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年山西省长治市高二（下）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30分）
A
The 4 movies released in April Fantastic Beasts：The Secrets of Dumbledore
In the third of five planned Fantastic Beasts films,Albus Dumbledore and Newt Scamander fight with the dark forces of Gellert Grindelwald in the 1930s.Several scenes are set at Hogwarts,so they could reproduce some of the old magic.
It was released on 15 April in the US and Canada.
Petite Maman
The heroine of Petite Maman is eight-year-old Nelly.After her grandmother's death,Nelly plays in the woods near her mother's childhood home,and meets Marion.They play together every day.This astonishingly insightful and heartbreakingly hopeful cinematic poem will pierce your heart,broaden your mind and delight your soul,even as you wipe away tears.
It was released on 22 April in the US.
Downton Abbey：A New Era
BBC Culture's Caryn James enjoyed the "elegance and glittering production values" of the first Downton Abbey film,which was released in 2019.This film is the sequel （续集） of it.
It was released on 29 April in the UK and Ireland.
Operation Mincemeat
This stranger-than-fiction film tells the story which happened during World War Ⅱ.It sounds like the plot of a far fetched espionage （间谍） novel rather than a real-life story,because one of the officers behind the plan was Lieutenant Commander Ian Fleming,later the author of the James Bond novels.
It was released on 15 April in the UK and Ireland.
1. How many Fantastic Beasts movies were scheduled to release？ ______
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
2. What can we infer about Nelly？ ______
A. She has lost her mother.
B. She finds her father in the woods.
C. She has made friends with Marion.
D. She lives alone in her grandmother's house.
3. Which movie is based on a true story？ ______
A. Fantastic Beasts：The Secrets of Dumbledore.
B. Petite Maman.
C. Downton Abbey：A New Era.
D. Operation Mincemeat.
B
Almost all of us have dreamed of winning the lottery （彩票）.But the biggest question is：What will you do when you win that kind of money？Sports cars and houses are the usual answers together with luxury goods like bags and shoes.But for this UK woman,it's all about giving back.
Frances Connolly,55，a former social worker and teacher from Northern Ireland scored a huge £115 million fortune or about ﹩145 million.The first thing she did was sharing blessings with friends and family.In fact,she had a list prepared in advance just in case she won.
With the money,Connolly set up two charitable foundations.One was named after her late mother Kathleen Graham.The foundation is currently based in Northern Ireland.The other one is the PFC Trust which supports local caregivers,the elderly,and refugees （难民） in her hometown.
Giving back to the community isn't new to Connolly.Connolly once volunteered with St.John Ambulance as a child.She was also part of an AIDS hotline while she was studying in Belfast.Currently,she's still involved in her community,especially with the unemployed,refugees,caregivers,and the elderly.She also provided tablet computers （平板电脑） for the seniors so they can regularly keep in touch with their families.
When asked by local news whether she was happy to give so much money away,she just said, "I'm happy and I'll do that all my life."
"If you can do good things for deserving people,go ahead," she said. "It makes no sense to me to have that kind of money and not use it to do good in the world."
4. What did Connolly do after she won the lottery？ ______
A. She used the money to help others.
B. She gave away the money to refugees.
C. She shared the money with her family.
D. She bought luxury things with the money.
5. What did Connolly do for the old？ ______
A. She employed caregivers for them.
B. She bought them communication tools.
C. She built a shelter for them in the community.
D. She reminded their children to look after them.
6. Which of the following can best describe Connolly？ ______
A. Kind and generous. B. Just and sympathetic.
C. Talented and determined. D. Warm-hearted and humorous.
7. Which section of a newspaper is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. Science. B. Fiction. C. Figure. D. Literature.
C
In recent years,Hollywood has to attract the Chinese audience by inviting Chinese actors to make an appearance,shooting scenes in China,or showcasing elements of Chinese culture.
In Roland Emmerich's latest sci-fi disaster movie Moon fall,a variety of Chinese elements,including the appearance of several conversations in the Chinese language,have impressed Chinese viewers,not to mention its visual effects.Opening on March 25 in China,Moon fall tells of how a team of heroes,including two seasoned astronauts,try to save Earth from the collision （碰撞） of the moon,driven by an unknown force.Emmerich already has a strong reputation,built on such blockbusters as 2012 and The Day After Tomorrow,a fact that has drawn the crowds.But the movie has also gained attention due to its easily identifiable Chinese elements.
An audience surnamed Zhao was impressed by the re-entry capsule used by the team at the end of their mission,Many fans of Chinese manned space missions believe that the capsule is "made in China".Such capsules have appeared in TV broadcast programs showing the successful landing of Chinese astronauts returning to Earth after their missions in space.Zhao said, "The Chinese are making contributions in the face of a disaster.This not only proves the unity of mankind,but also shows the country's international status and influence."
"As its overall national strength grows,the influence of China's science and technology output,as well as the Chinese language,has been constantly improving," said Rao Shuguang,president of the China Film Critics Association,Rao,however,pointed out that most Hollywood movies present Chinese elements in a symbolic way. "Many are not properly introducing true Chinese culture," he said, "and there is still some room for improvement."
Market observers expressed the hope that Hollywood can gain a deeper understanding of China and do a better job in cross cultural communication so as to present Chinese elements more actually.
8. What does the underlined word "striven" in paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Hated. B. Refused. C. Pretended. D. Struggled.
9. What may best attract Chinese audience to Moon fall？ ______
A. Its noticeable Chinese elements.
B. Its director and the interesting story line.
C. The Hollywood's powerful film production team.
D. The superb cinematic stunts and beautiful scenes.
10. How did Zhao feel after watching the Moon fall？ ______
A. Ridiculous. B. Annoyed. C. Proud. D. Indifferent.
11. What do market observers expect Hollywood to do？ ______
A. Make more films about saving Earth.
B. Further comprehend Chinese culture.
C. Meet satisfaction of the Chinese audience.
D. Make more movies featuring scientific elements.
D
It turns out that sunflowers are more than just a pretty face：the ultraviolet （紫外线的） colours of their flowers not only attract pollinators （传粉者），but also help the plant regulate water loss,according to new research.
The yellow sunflower is a familiar sight,but it's hiding something from the human eye—an ultraviolet bullseye （靶心） pattern,invisible to humans but not to most insects including bees.These bullseye patterns have long been known to improve the attractiveness of flowers to pollinators by increasing their visibility.
"Unexpectedly,we noticed that sunflowers growing in drier climates have flowers with larger ultraviolet bullseyes,and found that those flowers are able to keep water more efficiently.This suggests that these larger ultraviolet bullseyes help plants adapt to these drier environments," says Dr.Marco Todesco.
Dr.Todesco and his colleagues grew almost 2，000 wild sunflowers of two species at the university in 2016 and 2019.They measured the sunflowers' ultraviolet patterns,and analyzed the plants' genes,and found that wild sunflowers from different parts of North America had ultraviolet bullseyes of very different sizes.
Larger floral ultraviolet patterns that have more of these compounds could help reduce the amount of water loss from a sunflower in environments with lower humidity （湿度），preventing too much water loss.In humid,hot environments,smaller ultraviolet patterns would promote the water loss,keeping the plant cool and avoiding overheating.
Sunflowers are planted for various purposes,including sunflower oil production,a roughly ﹩20 billion industry in 2020.This research could help add to knowledge about how to attract pollinators,potentially increasing crop yields,says Dr.Todesco. "This work also helps us understand how sunflowers,and potentially other plants,better adapt to different areas or temperatures,which could be important in a warming climate."
12. What do we know about sunflowers？ ______
A. They don't need pollinators.
B. Their flowers have special functions.
C. Their flowers can drive the insects away.
D. They can be grown in extremely cold areas.
13. What did Dr.Todesco and his colleagues do？ ______
A. They analyzed 2000 kinds of sunflowers.
B. They planted sunflowers to carry out research.
C. They travelled to different parts of South America.
D. They helped people in North America plant sunflowers.
14. What is Dr.Todesco's attitude to the research on sunflowers？ ______
A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Critical.
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. A Hidden Function of Flowers of Sunflowers.
B. Researchers Found a New Species of Sunflower.
C. Sunflowers Can Change the Colours of Sunshine.
D. Ultraviolet Bullseye Patterns Attract More Insects.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10分）
Dancing is natural and almost any child can dance.However,why do so many people find it hard to dance when they reach their teens or adulthood？ (1)
Most people have heard the words "Dance like nobody is watching". (2) When we're learning something new,we hate having an audience watching our silly mistakes.Actually,everyone else is too busy worrying about their own mistakes.Chances are that you're not the only one struggling with the steps!
We all have patterns of muscle memory.Your body likes doing repetitive movements that it doesn't have to think about. (3) Your brain may understand,but it can take a while to direct them to interpret these new and unfamiliar movements.Be patient with yourself and understand it's the way your body works.
(4) If you've never danced before,the complex rhythms and fast footwork of flamenco（弗拉门科舞） would be a big challenge as the first dance style.If you're inflexible,I recommend doing some yoga first to make your body get used to the new demands of dance.
A lack of rhythm is the biggest obstacle of learning to dance.However,it can be overcome with enough practice. (5) Then start learning to dance when you begin to feel the beat.Dance can be a very rewarding and enjoyable hobby.Just be patient with yourself and learn to dance.
A.It's human nature to dislike looking foolish.
B.Dance requires you to move your arms and legs.
C.You'll be able to do them almost without thinking.
D.Try to master dance steps first if you have no sense of rhythm.
E.Learning a musical instrument is a good way to learn singing.
F.There are many things preventing people from learning dancing.
G.Another possibility is that you picked an improper style of dance.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30分）
I was invited to a three-day retreat （静修） in New Jersey.I didn't want to go because I was(21).It didn't really draw my (22) from the beginning.My friend (23) I should go and the sponsor made a request to my employer on my behalf.So I decided to go.We (24) and spent a night in a hotel,There were so many people.The (25) was so lovely and everybody was very kind.
On the first morning of retreat,I was alone at (26).I found a girl who was alone too.I (27) her to ask if she needed (28) with her wheelchair.She said "okay" in a shy way.We (29) our food and chose a table.We talked a lot.I was so (30) to her and after a few laughs she was open to me too.We didn't know each other,but we (31).
She was very interesting and taught me something really (32) that I will never forget.I think everybody has faith,strength,confidence and courage.I think everybody should(33) what they want to be or reach what they want to reach.
If you do something you don't believe is possible every day,you will gain (34).If you exercise or(35) difficult moments every day,you'll gain (36).If you do something that takes courage and that (37) can do,you'll get courage.I really think that everybody has to gain these (38) to grow every day.
We (39) shared our names.We continue to teach each other and have(40) friends ever since that day.
21. A. appealing B. observing C. staying D. working
22. A. exploration B. suspicion C. attention D. life
23. A. ordered B. insisted C. promised D. bothered
24. A. struggled B. exploded C. walked D. travelled
25. A. environment B. reality C. issue D. devotion
26. A. dawn B. break C. noon D. present
27. A. left B. approached C. met D. offended
28. A. help B. business C. procedure D. process
29. A. had B. sold C. selected D. analysed
30. A. rude B. fortunate C. strange D. open
31. A. had a good time B. made a fortune
C. got off the room D. set about others
32. A. important B. tiresome C. embarrassing D. casual
33. A. suffer B. complain C. define D. damage
34. A. equipment B. dependency C. confidence D. tension
35. A. avoid B. present C. rule D. overcome
36. A. freedom B. strength C. permission D. hesitation
37. A. few B. many C. others D. everyone
38. A. processes B. sayings C. quantities D. qualities
39. A. abnormally B. merely C. eventually D. distantly
40. A. conducted B. remained C. suspected D. requested
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15分）
41. Humans are creatures of habit.Like any other routine,bedtime routines are a habit (1) helps our brains recognize when to sleep.By performing the same activities in the same order every night,your brain comes to see those activities as a precursor （先兆） to sleep.
Bedtime routines also play an important role in reducing late-night stress, (2) （ anxious），and the disturbing thoughts that keep you up at night.Anxious thoughts activate your mind and sympathetic nervous system. (3) （ leave） unchecked,these thoughts can intensify and develop into insomnia （失眠）. (4) （ follow） a bedtime routine,you can keep your mind focused on other (5) （ task） and encourage yourself to relax instead.
The importance of bedtime routines (6) （ date） back to as far as childhood.Bedtime routines help children connect with their natural circadian （昼夜节律的） rhythms,learn how to calm (7) （ they） down,and practice healthy habits that promote good sleep.Bedtime routines have also been found to have (8) （ extreme） positive impacts in other areas of children's lives,including better memory,mental health,and attention.
But bedtime routines for adults are just as important.Bedtime routines help your brain separate the day (9) the night,clear your mind and body of the day's stresses, (10) relax into sleep.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My father is always on my side to make sure I overcome difficulties and progresses towards my goal.He is always first one to help with my troubles.I still remember a rainy day.The road was awful flooded.I was stuck at school with a thundery and dark sky,what scared me a lot.Suddenly,I saw my father coming to pick myself up.That incident made me loved him more.When I was seven,I had some difficulties solve my competition problems.He had stayed with me all day to help me.With his helps,I won that competition,which motivated me a lot.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）
43. 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，下个月你校将举办短篇科幻小说创作大赛。请你在校英文网站上写一则通知，内容包括：
1.举办比赛的目的；
2.参赛要求；
3.号召大家参赛。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、C、D
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据 Fantastic Beasts：The Secrets of Dumbledore部分In the third of five planned Fantastic Beasts films, （在《神奇动物在哪里》计划的五部电影中的第三部中）可知，《神奇动物在哪里》共计划发行五部。故选C项。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据 Petite Maman部分The heroine of Petite Maman is eight-year-old Nelly.After her grandmother's death,Nelly plays in the woods near her mother's childhood home,and meets Marion.They play together every day. （《小妈妈》的女主角是八岁的奈莉。祖母去世后，耐莉在她母亲童年的家附近的树林里玩耍，遇到了玛丽昂。她们每天一起玩。）可知，Nelly和Marion成为了朋友。故选C项。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据 Operation Mincemeat部分This stranger-than-fiction film tells the story which happened during World War Ⅱ.It sounds like the plot of a far fetched espionage （间谍） novel rather than a real-life story,because one of the officers behind the plan was Lieutenant Commander Ian Fleming,later the author of the James Bond novels.（这部比小说更离奇的电影讲述了发生在第二次世界大战期间的故事。这听起来更像是一部牵强附会的间谍小说的情节，而不是真实的故事，因为策划这一计划的军官之一是陆军中校伊恩•弗莱明，他后来是詹姆斯•邦德系列小说的作者。）可知，电影 Operation Mincemeat是根据真实故事改编。故选D项。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四月上映的4部电影。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】A、B、A、C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中Frances Connolly,55，a former social worker and teacher from Northern Ireland scored a huge £115 million fortune or about ＄145 million.The first thing she did was sharing blessings with friends and family.（55岁的弗朗西斯•康诺利来自北爱尔兰，曾是一名社会工作者和教师，她中了1.15亿英镑，约1.45亿美元的巨额财富。她做的第一件事就是与朋友和家人分享祝福。）和第三段中With the money,Connolly set up two charitable foundations. （用这笔钱，康诺利建立了两个慈善基金会。）可知，康诺利中了彩票之后用这些钱去帮助别人。故选A项。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第四段中She also provided tablet computers （平板电脑） for the seniors so they can regularly keep in touch with their families.（她还为老年人提供了平板电脑，以便他们能定期与家人保持联系。）可知，康诺利为老人买了通讯工具，以便他们与家人保持联系。故选B项。
（3）A.观点态度题。根据第二段中The first thing she did was sharing blessings with friends and family.（她做的第一件事就是与朋友和家人分享祝福）"、第三段中"With the money,Connolly set up two charitable foundations. （用这笔钱，康诺利建立了两个慈善基金会。）和倒数第二段When asked by local news whether she was happy to give so much money away,she just said, "I'm happy and I'll do that all my life（当当地新闻记者问她捐出这么多钱是否高兴时，她只是说，"我很高兴，我将一辈子都这么做。"）可推知，康诺利心地善良且慷慨大方。故选A项。
（4）C.文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了心地善良的康诺利中了巨额彩票后，慷慨大方地分享自己的财富，帮助他人的故事，所以本文很可能选自报纸中的人物版块。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了心地善良的康诺利中了巨额彩票后，慷慨大方地分享自己的财富，帮助他人的善行。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）D.词句猜测题。根据第一段句中by inviting Chinese actors to make an appearance,shooting scenes in China,or showcasing elements of Chinese culture.（邀请中国演员参演、在中国拍摄场景或展示中国文化元素。）以及下文《月落》这部电影因其易于识别的中国元素而受到关注可知，此处指好莱坞努力吸引中国观众，画线词意为"努力"，A.Hated.讨厌；B.Refused.拒绝；C.Pretended.假装；D.Struggled.努力。故选D。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二自然段In Roland Emmerich's latest sci-fi disaster movie Moon fall,a variety of Chinese elements,including the appearance of several conversations in the Chinese language,have impressed Chinese viewers,not to mention its visual effects. （在罗兰艾默里克最新的科幻灾难电影《月落》中，各种中文元素，包括几段中文对话的出现，都给中国观众留下了深刻的印象，更不用说它的视觉效果了。）以及But the movie has also gained atention due to its easily ientifiable Chinese elements. （但这部电影也因其易于识别的中国元素而受到关注。）可知，《月落》这部电影的显著的中国元素吸引了中国观众。故选 A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三自然段Zhao said, "The Chinese are making contributions in the face of a disaster.This not only proves the unity of mankind,but also shows the country's interational status and influence." （赵说："中国人在灾难面前做出了贡献，这不仅证明了人类的团结，也表明了中国的国际地位和影响力。"）可知，赵对《月落》这部电影感到很自豪。A.Ridiculous.可笑的；B.Annoyed.恼火的；C.Proud.自豪的；D.Indifferent.漠不关心的。故选C。
（4）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段Market observers expressed the hope that Hollywood can gain a deeper understanding of China and do a better job in cross cultural communication so as to present Chinese elements more actually.（市场观察人士表示，希望好莱坞能够加深对中国的了解，更好地进行跨文化交流，更真实地呈现中国元素。）可知，市场观察人士希望好莱坞进一步了解中国文化。故选 B。
本文是一篇说明文。近年来，好莱坞通过邀请中国演员参演、在中国拍摄场景或展示中国文化元素努力吸引中国观众。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。同时也要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】B、B、A、A
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。由文章第一段the ultraviolet colours of their flowers not only attract pollinators,but also help the plant regulate water loss.（向日葵花朵的紫外线颜色不仅可以吸引传粉者，还可以帮助植物本身调节水分缺失。）可知，向日葵花有着特殊的功能。故选B。
（2）B.细节理解题。由文章第四段Dr.Todesco and his colleagues grew almost 2，000 wild sunflowers of two species at the university in 2016 and 2019.They measured the sunflowers' ultraviolet patterns,and analyzed the plants' genes.（Dr.Todesco和他的同事们在2016年和2019年在大学里种植了两个品种的差不多2000株野生向日葵。他们测量了这些向日葵的紫外线模式，然后分析了这些植物的基因。）可知，Dr.Todesco和他的同事们种植这些向日葵是为了进行研究。故选B。
（3）A.观点态度题。由文章最后一段This research could help add to knowledge about how to attract pollinators,potentially increasing crop yields,says Dr.Todesco.（这项研究可以帮助增加关于如何吸引传粉者方面的知识，从而可能增加农作物的产量，Dr.Todesco 说。）可知，Dr.Todesco对关于向日葵的这项研究持有肯定态度。A.Positive"积极的，肯定的"；B.Doubtful"怀疑的"；C.Negative"否定的"；D.Critical"批判的"。故选A。
（4）A.标题归纳题。文章第一段介绍了一项研究的发现，即向日葵花朵不为人知的一个特殊功能，即其紫外线颜色可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失。后面几段话都是在围绕该研究过程、研究发现及研究意义来展开说明的。因此文章还是以这一研究结果——向日葵花朵可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失为主要内容进行展开介绍的。A选项A Hidden Function of Flowers of Sunflowers（向日葵花的隐藏功能）适合作本文的标题。故选A项。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究者通过种植和研究野生向日葵花，发现了其花朵的紫外线颜色不仅可以吸引传粉者，还可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】F、A、B、G、D
【解析】（1）F.推理判断题。根据上文Dancing is natural and almost any child can dance.However,why do so many people find it hard to dance when they reach their teens or adulthood？（跳舞是自然的，几乎任何孩子都可以跳舞。然而，为什么这么多人在十几岁或成年后发现跳舞很难呢？）说明有些人认为跳舞很难。F项"There are many things preventing people from learning dancing. （有很多事情阻止人们学习舞蹈。）"承接上文，说明有很多事情阻止人们学习舞蹈，所以有些人认为很难跳舞。故选F。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据下文When we re learning something new,we hate having an audience watching our silly mistakes. （当我们学习新东西时，我们讨厌让观众看到我们愚蠢的错误。）说明在学习新事物时，我们不想向他人展现愚蠢和错误。A项"It's human nature to dislike looking foolish. （不喜欢看起来很患蠢是人类的天性。）"引出下文，说明人们在学习新事物时，不想让他人看到自己患蠢的一面。故选A。
（3）B.语境衔接题。根据上文We all have patterns of muscle memory.Your body likes doing repetitive movements that it doesn't have to think about. （我们都有肌肉记忆模式。你的身体喜欢做重复的动作，而这不必考虑。）及下文Your brain may understand,but it can take a while to direct them to interpret these new and unfamiliar movements. （你的大脑可能会理解，但可能需要一段时间来引导他们领会这些新的和不熟悉的动作。）说明跳舞需要身体做动作，并且大脑和肌肉可以记住动作。B项"Dance requires you to move your arms and legs.（舞蹈需要你移动你的胳膊和腿。）"承上启下，说明跳舞需要移动胳膊和腿，做出相应的舞蹈动作。故选B。
（4）G.段落大意题。根据下文If you've never danced before,the complex rhythms and fast footwork of flamenco（弗拉门科舞） would be a big challenge as the first dance style. （如果你以前从未跳过舞，弗拉门科舞的复杂节奏和快速步法作为第一种舞蹈风格将是一个很大的挑战。如果你不灵活，我建议你先做一些瑜伽，让你的身体习惯舞蹈的新需求。）说明刚开始学舞蹈时，应该循序渐进，由简入难。G项"Another possibility is that you picked an improper style of dance. （另一种可能性是你选择了一种不恰当的舞蹈风格。）"引出下文，建议我们根据自己的入门时间和身体的灵活性选对舞蹈风格。故选G。
（5）D.推理判断题。根据上文A lack of rhythm is the biggest obstacle of learning to dance.However,it can be overcome with enough practice. （缺乏节奏是学习跳舞的最大障碍。但是，可以通过足够的练习来克服它。）及下文Then start learning to dance when you begin to feel the beat. （然后当你开始感觉到节节奏时，开始学习跳舞。）说明可以通过练习来克服缺乏节奏感的问题，感受到节奏后，开始学习舞蹈。D项"Try to master dance steps first if you have no sense of rhythm. （如果你没有节奏感，请先试着掌握舞步。）"承上启下，说明可以通过掌握舞步，获得节奏感。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍学舞蹈难的原因。作者针对这些困难给出建议。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】D、C、B、D、A、B、B、A、C、D、A、A、C、C、D、B、A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）D考查动词及语境理解。A.appealing呼吁；B.observing观察；C.staying停留，逗留；D.working工作。根据下文"…the sponsor made a request to my employer on my behalf（……赞助者代表我向我的雇主提出了一个请求）"可知，作者应是忙于工作。故选D项。
（2）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.exploration探索；B.suspicion怀疑；C.attention注意，兴趣；D.life生活。根据上文"I didn't want to go"可知，作者不想去静修会，因为它一开始就没有引起作者的注意，故选C项。
（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.ordered命令；B.insisted坚持；C.promised承诺；D.bothered费心，使烦恼。根据下文"…the sponsor made a request to my employer on my behalf（……赞助者代表我向我的雇主提出了一个要求）"可知，此处指朋友坚持要作者去，呼应下文"So I decided to go."作者去了的内容。故选B项。
（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.struggled挣扎；B.exploded爆炸；C.walked走路，步行；D.travelled旅行，行进。根据下文"spent a night in a hotel"可知，只有出门了才会在外住宿，此处指"我们上路了"，故选D项。
（5）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.environment环境；B.reality现实；C.issue问题；D.devotion奉献，忠诚。根据下文"everybody was very kind（每个人都很友好）"可知，此处指现场环境令人愉快，故选A项。
（6）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.dawn黎明；B.break休息，间歇；C.noon中午；D.present现在，眼前。根据下文作者去帮助女孩推轮椅并攀谈起来可知，应是休息时间。故选B项。
（7）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.left离开；B.approached接近；C.met遇见；D.offended冒犯。根据下文"with her wheelchair."可知，女孩行动不便，作者是走近女孩问她是否需要帮助。故选B项。
（8）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.help帮助；B.business生意；C.procedure手续，步骤；D.process过程。结合语境可知，作者问坐轮椅的女孩是否需要帮助。故选A项。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.had有；B.sold卖；C.selected选择；D.analysed分析。根据下文"chose a table"可知，应是选好食物后选了一张桌子。故选C项。
（10）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.rude粗鲁的；B.fortunate幸运的；C.strange奇怪的，陌生的；D.open坦率的。根据下文"she was open to me too（她也对我敞开心扉）"可知，作者对女孩敞开心扉，故选D项。
（11）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.had a good time玩得开心；B.made a fortune发财；C.got off the room离开房间；D.set about others抨击别人。根据转折词but可知，此处指虽然不认识但是聊得很开心。故选A项。
（12）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.important重要的；B.tiresome烦人的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.casual随意的。根据下文"I will never forget"可知，此处指重要的东西，所以不会忘记。故选A项。
（13）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.suffer受苦，遭受；B.complain抱怨；C.define阐明，使清楚；D.damage损害。根据语境及"reach what they want to reach"可知，此处指每个人都应该明确自己想成为什么样的人。故选C项。
（14）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.equipment设备；B.dependency依赖，从属；C.confidence信心；D.tension紧张。根据上文"If you do something you don't believe is possible every day"可知，每天都做自认为不可能完成的事情，会让人获得自信。故选C项。
（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.avoid避免；B.present颁发，赠送；C.rule统治；D.overcome克服。结合空后的"difficult moments"可知，此处指克服困难时刻。故选D项。
（16）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.freedom自由；B.strength力量；C.permission同意，许可；D.hesitation犹豫。根据上文"exercise"可知，每天锻炼会获得力量。故选B项。
（17）A.考查代词及语境理解。A.few少数（人或物）；B.many很多（人或物）；C.others别人；D.everyone每个人。根据下文"you'll get courage"可知，做少数人能做的事情才叫有勇气。故选A项。
（18）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.processes过程；B.sayings谚语；C.quantities量，数量；D.qualities质量，品质。上文提到的信心、力量和勇气都属于人的品质。故选D项。
（19）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.abnormally反常地；B.merely仅仅；C.eventually最终；D.distantly遥远地。结合语境可知，此处指最后两人告知对方彼此的名字。故选C项。
（20）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.conducted实施，指挥；B.remained保持不变，一直是；C.suspected怀疑；D.requested请求，要求。根据上文"We continue to teach each other"可知，作者和女孩继续教对方，一直保持着朋友关系。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了在一次参加静修会时结识新朋友和对方教会作者的道理。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】that/which
【小题2】anxiety
【小题3】Left
【小题4】following
【小题5】tasks
【小题6】can date
【小题7】themselves
【小题8】extremely
【小题9】from
【小题10】and
【解析】（1）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：和其他常规一样，就寝时间的常规也是一种习惯，可以帮助我们的大脑识别何时睡觉。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，先行词habit为物，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
（2）anxiety.考查名词。句意：有规律的就寝时间在减少深夜压力、焦虑和会让你熬夜的烦扰想法方面也发挥着重要的作用。分析句子可知，所填词与名词stress和thoughts为并列宾语关系，需用抽象名词anxiety。故填anxiety。
（3）Left.考查过去分词。句意：如果不加以控制，这些想法可能会加剧并发展为失眠。分析句子可知，主语为thoughts,该空在句中做条件状语，且leave与主语为被动关系，用过去分词形式，首字母大写。故填Left。
（4）following.考查现在分词。句意：遵循有规律的就寝时间，你可以把注意力集中在其他任务上，并鼓励自己放轻松。分析句子可知，主语为you,该空在句中做状语，且follow与主语为主动关系，用现在分词。故填following。
（5）tasks.考查可数名词复数。句意：遵循有规律的就寝时间，你可以把注意力集中在其他任务上，并鼓励自己放轻松。结合other及句意，所填空处需填可数名词task的复数形式。故填tasks。
（6）can date.考查情态动词。句意：有规律的就寝时间的重要性可以追溯到童年时期。结合句意可知，情态动词can在句中表示"可以，能够"，情态动词后接动词原形。故填can date。
（7）themselves.考查代词。句意：就寝时间的常规帮助孩子们与他们的自然昼夜节律联系起来，学习如何让自己冷静下来，并练习促进良好睡眠的健康习惯。结合句意可知，孩子们学习的是如何让他们自己冷静下来，用反身代词的宾语形式。故填themselves。
（8）extremely.考查副词。句意：人们还发现就寝时间常规对儿童生活的其他方面也有非常积极的影响，包括更好的记忆力、心理健康和注意力。分析句子可知，修饰形容词positive,用副词extremely作状语。故填extremely。
（9）from.考查介词。句意：就寝时间常规帮助你的大脑将白天和夜晚分开，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，放松进入睡眠。separate...from...为固定搭配，意为"将……与……分开"。故填from。
（10）and.考查连词。句意：就寝时间常规帮助你的大脑将白天和夜晚分开，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，放松进入睡眠。结合语境可知，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，与放松进入睡眠为顺承关系，and连接表示顺承。故填and。
本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了有规律的睡眠时间的重要性。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】My father is always my side to make sure I overcome difficulties and towards my goal.He is always∧ first one to help with my troubles.I still remember a rainy day.The road was flooded.I was stuck at school with a thundery and dark sky, scared me a lot.Suddenly,I saw my father coming to pick up.That incident made me him more.When I was seven,I had some difficulties my competition problems.He had stayed with me all day to help me.With his ，I won that competition,which motivated me a lot.
详解：
1.on改为by.考查介词。句意：我的父亲总是在我身边，确保我克服困难，朝着我的目标前进。根据句意表示"在某人身边"，应用by one's side,on one's side意为"支持某人"，不符合语境。故on改为by。
2 progresses改为progress.考查主谓一致。句意：我的父亲总是在我身边，确保我克服困难，朝着我的目标前进。分析可知，动词progress与前文overcome是并列谓语动词，主语I为第一人称，所以谓语动词应使用动词原形。故progresses改为progress。
3.在first前加the.考查冠词。句意：他总是第一个帮我解决困难。序数词first前应用定冠词the。故在first前加the。
4.awful改为awfully.考查副词。句意：这条路被洪水淹得厉害。修饰动词flooded应用副词awfully作状语。故awful改为awfully。
5.what改为which.考查定语从句关系词。句意：我被困在学校，雷声隆隆，天空漆黑，这让我很害怕。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意为"这一点，这件事"，故应用关系代词which指代前面整个句子。故what改为which。
6.myself改为me.考查代词。句意：突然，我看到我的父亲来接我。根据句意可知，主语与宾语不是同一个人，不能用反身代词，应使用宾格代词me"我"作宾语，故myself改为me。
7.loved改为love.考查动词不定式。句意：这件事让我更爱他了。make sb.do sth."让某人做某事"，故此处应用省略了to的不定式作宾语补足语。故loved改为love。
8.solve改为solving.考查动名词。句意：当我七岁的时候，我在解决竞赛问题上遇到了一些困难。have difficulties（in）doing sth意为"做……有困难"，故介词in后应跟动名词作宾语。故solve改为solving。
9.删除stayed前的had.考查时态。句意：他一整天都陪着我帮我。根据语境可知，文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故删除stayed前的had。
10.helps改为help.考查不可数名词。句意：在他的帮助下，我赢得了比赛，这让我很受激励。help在这里为抽象意义，不可数，没有复数形式。故helps改为help。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章回忆了父亲对自己的爱和给予的帮助。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Notice
To enrich our campus life,develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science,our school will hold a science fiction short story writing competition next month.【高分句型一】（举办比赛的目的）
If you're a student with strong curiosity and rich imagination and good at writing,you will be welcome to participate in it.【高分句型二】（参赛人员）According to the rules,your works must be original and 5，000 words or so would be fine.（参赛要求一）If it appeals to you,please send your works to the office of the Students' Union before next Friday.（参赛要求二）
Come and join us!（号召大家参赛）
【解析】高分句型一：To enrich our campus life,develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science,our school will hold a science fiction short story writing competition next month.
翻译：为了丰富我们的校园生活，发展我们的想象力，激发我们对科学的兴趣，我们学校下个月将举办一场短篇科幻小说创作大赛。
分析：本句使用了to do不定式to enrich our campus life,develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science作目的状语。
高分句型二：If you're a student with strong curiosity and rich imagination and good at writing,you will be welcome to participate in it.
翻译：如果你是一个好奇心强、想象力丰富、善于写作的学生，欢迎你参加。
分析：本句使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
2021-2022学年山西省长治市高二（下）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30分）
A
The 4 movies released in April Fantastic Beasts：The Secrets of Dumbledore
In the third of five planned Fantastic Beasts films,Albus Dumbledore and Newt Scamander fight with the dark forces of Gellert Grindelwald in the 1930s.Several scenes are set at Hogwarts,so they could reproduce some of the old magic.
It was released on 15 April in the US and Canada.
Petite Maman
The heroine of Petite Maman is eight-year-old Nelly.After her grandmother's death,Nelly plays in the woods near her mother's childhood home,and meets Marion.They play together every day.This astonishingly insightful and heartbreakingly hopeful cinematic poem will pierce your heart,broaden your mind and delight your soul,even as you wipe away tears.
It was released on 22 April in the US.
Downton Abbey：A New Era
BBC Culture's Caryn James enjoyed the "elegance and glittering production values" of the first Downton Abbey film,which was released in 2019.This film is the sequel （续集） of it.
It was released on 29 April in the UK and Ireland.
Operation Mincemeat
This stranger-than-fiction film tells the story which happened during World War Ⅱ.It sounds like the plot of a far fetched espionage （间谍） novel rather than a real-life story,because one of the officers behind the plan was Lieutenant Commander Ian Fleming,later the author of the James Bond novels.
It was released on 15 April in the UK and Ireland.
1. How many Fantastic Beasts movies were scheduled to release？ ______
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
2. What can we infer about Nelly？ ______
A. She has lost her mother.
B. She finds her father in the woods.
C. She has made friends with Marion.
D. She lives alone in her grandmother's house.
3. Which movie is based on a true story？ ______
A. Fantastic Beasts：The Secrets of Dumbledore.
B. Petite Maman.
C. Downton Abbey：A New Era.
D. Operation Mincemeat.
B
Almost all of us have dreamed of winning the lottery （彩票）.But the biggest question is：What will you do when you win that kind of money？Sports cars and houses are the usual answers together with luxury goods like bags and shoes.But for this UK woman,it's all about giving back.
Frances Connolly,55，a former social worker and teacher from Northern Ireland scored a huge £115 million fortune or about ﹩145 million.The first thing she did was sharing blessings with friends and family.In fact,she had a list prepared in advance just in case she won.
With the money,Connolly set up two charitable foundations.One was named after her late mother Kathleen Graham.The foundation is currently based in Northern Ireland.The other one is the PFC Trust which supports local caregivers,the elderly,and refugees （难民） in her hometown.
Giving back to the community isn't new to Connolly.Connolly once volunteered with St.John Ambulance as a child.She was also part of an AIDS hotline while she was studying in Belfast.Currently,she's still involved in her community,especially with the unemployed,refugees,caregivers,and the elderly.She also provided tablet computers （平板电脑） for the seniors so they can regularly keep in touch with their families.
When asked by local news whether she was happy to give so much money away,she just said, "I'm happy and I'll do that all my life."
"If you can do good things for deserving people,go ahead," she said. "It makes no sense to me to have that kind of money and not use it to do good in the world."
4. What did Connolly do after she won the lottery？ ______
A. She used the money to help others.
B. She gave away the money to refugees.
C. She shared the money with her family.
D. She bought luxury things with the money.
5. What did Connolly do for the old？ ______
A. She employed caregivers for them.
B. She bought them communication tools.
C. She built a shelter for them in the community.
D. She reminded their children to look after them.
6. Which of the following can best describe Connolly？ ______
A. Kind and generous. B. Just and sympathetic.
C. Talented and determined. D. Warm-hearted and humorous.
7. Which section of a newspaper is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. Science. B. Fiction. C. Figure. D. Literature.
C
In recent years,Hollywood has to attract the Chinese audience by inviting Chinese actors to make an appearance,shooting scenes in China,or showcasing elements of Chinese culture.
In Roland Emmerich's latest sci-fi disaster movie Moon fall,a variety of Chinese elements,including the appearance of several conversations in the Chinese language,have impressed Chinese viewers,not to mention its visual effects.Opening on March 25 in China,Moon fall tells of how a team of heroes,including two seasoned astronauts,try to save Earth from the collision （碰撞） of the moon,driven by an unknown force.Emmerich already has a strong reputation,built on such blockbusters as 2012 and The Day After Tomorrow,a fact that has drawn the crowds.But the movie has also gained attention due to its easily identifiable Chinese elements.
An audience surnamed Zhao was impressed by the re-entry capsule used by the team at the end of their mission,Many fans of Chinese manned space missions believe that the capsule is "made in China".Such capsules have appeared in TV broadcast programs showing the successful landing of Chinese astronauts returning to Earth after their missions in space.Zhao said, "The Chinese are making contributions in the face of a disaster.This not only proves the unity of mankind,but also shows the country's international status and influence."
"As its overall national strength grows,the influence of China's science and technology output,as well as the Chinese language,has been constantly improving," said Rao Shuguang,president of the China Film Critics Association,Rao,however,pointed out that most Hollywood movies present Chinese elements in a symbolic way. "Many are not properly introducing true Chinese culture," he said, "and there is still some room for improvement."
Market observers expressed the hope that Hollywood can gain a deeper understanding of China and do a better job in cross cultural communication so as to present Chinese elements more actually.
8. What does the underlined word "striven" in paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Hated. B. Refused. C. Pretended. D. Struggled.
9. What may best attract Chinese audience to Moon fall？ ______
A. Its noticeable Chinese elements.
B. Its director and the interesting story line.
C. The Hollywood's powerful film production team.
D. The superb cinematic stunts and beautiful scenes.
10. How did Zhao feel after watching the Moon fall？ ______
A. Ridiculous. B. Annoyed. C. Proud. D. Indifferent.
11. What do market observers expect Hollywood to do？ ______
A. Make more films about saving Earth.
B. Further comprehend Chinese culture.
C. Meet satisfaction of the Chinese audience.
D. Make more movies featuring scientific elements.
D
It turns out that sunflowers are more than just a pretty face：the ultraviolet （紫外线的） colours of their flowers not only attract pollinators （传粉者），but also help the plant regulate water loss,according to new research.
The yellow sunflower is a familiar sight,but it's hiding something from the human eye—an ultraviolet bullseye （靶心） pattern,invisible to humans but not to most insects including bees.These bullseye patterns have long been known to improve the attractiveness of flowers to pollinators by increasing their visibility.
"Unexpectedly,we noticed that sunflowers growing in drier climates have flowers with larger ultraviolet bullseyes,and found that those flowers are able to keep water more efficiently.This suggests that these larger ultraviolet bullseyes help plants adapt to these drier environments," says Dr.Marco Todesco.
Dr.Todesco and his colleagues grew almost 2，000 wild sunflowers of two species at the university in 2016 and 2019.They measured the sunflowers' ultraviolet patterns,and analyzed the plants' genes,and found that wild sunflowers from different parts of North America had ultraviolet bullseyes of very different sizes.
Larger floral ultraviolet patterns that have more of these compounds could help reduce the amount of water loss from a sunflower in environments with lower humidity （湿度），preventing too much water loss.In humid,hot environments,smaller ultraviolet patterns would promote the water loss,keeping the plant cool and avoiding overheating.
Sunflowers are planted for various purposes,including sunflower oil production,a roughly ﹩20 billion industry in 2020.This research could help add to knowledge about how to attract pollinators,potentially increasing crop yields,says Dr.Todesco. "This work also helps us understand how sunflowers,and potentially other plants,better adapt to different areas or temperatures,which could be important in a warming climate."
12. What do we know about sunflowers？ ______
A. They don't need pollinators.
B. Their flowers have special functions.
C. Their flowers can drive the insects away.
D. They can be grown in extremely cold areas.
13. What did Dr.Todesco and his colleagues do？ ______
A. They analyzed 2000 kinds of sunflowers.
B. They planted sunflowers to carry out research.
C. They travelled to different parts of South America.
D. They helped people in North America plant sunflowers.
14. What is Dr.Todesco's attitude to the research on sunflowers？ ______
A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Critical.
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. A Hidden Function of Flowers of Sunflowers.
B. Researchers Found a New Species of Sunflower.
C. Sunflowers Can Change the Colours of Sunshine.
D. Ultraviolet Bullseye Patterns Attract More Insects.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10分）
Dancing is natural and almost any child can dance.However,why do so many people find it hard to dance when they reach their teens or adulthood？ (1)
Most people have heard the words "Dance like nobody is watching". (2) When we're learning something new,we hate having an audience watching our silly mistakes.Actually,everyone else is too busy worrying about their own mistakes.Chances are that you're not the only one struggling with the steps!
We all have patterns of muscle memory.Your body likes doing repetitive movements that it doesn't have to think about. (3) Your brain may understand,but it can take a while to direct them to interpret these new and unfamiliar movements.Be patient with yourself and understand it's the way your body works.
(4) If you've never danced before,the complex rhythms and fast footwork of flamenco（弗拉门科舞） would be a big challenge as the first dance style.If you're inflexible,I recommend doing some yoga first to make your body get used to the new demands of dance.
A lack of rhythm is the biggest obstacle of learning to dance.However,it can be overcome with enough practice. (5) Then start learning to dance when you begin to feel the beat.Dance can be a very rewarding and enjoyable hobby.Just be patient with yourself and learn to dance.
A.It's human nature to dislike looking foolish.
B.Dance requires you to move your arms and legs.
C.You'll be able to do them almost without thinking.
D.Try to master dance steps first if you have no sense of rhythm.
E.Learning a musical instrument is a good way to learn singing.
F.There are many things preventing people from learning dancing.
G.Another possibility is that you picked an improper style of dance.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30分）
I was invited to a three-day retreat （静修） in New Jersey.I didn't want to go because I was(21).It didn't really draw my (22) from the beginning.My friend (23) I should go and the sponsor made a request to my employer on my behalf.So I decided to go.We (24) and spent a night in a hotel,There were so many people.The (25) was so lovely and everybody was very kind.
On the first morning of retreat,I was alone at (26).I found a girl who was alone too.I (27) her to ask if she needed (28) with her wheelchair.She said "okay" in a shy way.We (29) our food and chose a table.We talked a lot.I was so (30) to her and after a few laughs she was open to me too.We didn't know each other,but we (31).
She was very interesting and taught me something really (32) that I will never forget.I think everybody has faith,strength,confidence and courage.I think everybody should(33) what they want to be or reach what they want to reach.
If you do something you don't believe is possible every day,you will gain (34).If you exercise or(35) difficult moments every day,you'll gain (36).If you do something that takes courage and that (37) can do,you'll get courage.I really think that everybody has to gain these (38) to grow every day.
We (39) shared our names.We continue to teach each other and have(40) friends ever since that day.
21. A. appealing B. observing C. staying D. working
22. A. exploration B. suspicion C. attention D. life
23. A. ordered B. insisted C. promised D. bothered
24. A. struggled B. exploded C. walked D. travelled
25. A. environment B. reality C. issue D. devotion
26. A. dawn B. break C. noon D. present
27. A. left B. approached C. met D. offended
28. A. help B. business C. procedure D. process
29. A. had B. sold C. selected D. analysed
30. A. rude B. fortunate C. strange D. open
31. A. had a good time B. made a fortune
C. got off the room D. set about others
32. A. important B. tiresome C. embarrassing D. casual
33. A. suffer B. complain C. define D. damage
34. A. equipment B. dependency C. confidence D. tension
35. A. avoid B. present C. rule D. overcome
36. A. freedom B. strength C. permission D. hesitation
37. A. few B. many C. others D. everyone
38. A. processes B. sayings C. quantities D. qualities
39. A. abnormally B. merely C. eventually D. distantly
40. A. conducted B. remained C. suspected D. requested
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15分）
41. Humans are creatures of habit.Like any other routine,bedtime routines are a habit (1) helps our brains recognize when to sleep.By performing the same activities in the same order every night,your brain comes to see those activities as a precursor （先兆） to sleep.
Bedtime routines also play an important role in reducing late-night stress, (2) （ anxious），and the disturbing thoughts that keep you up at night.Anxious thoughts activate your mind and sympathetic nervous system. (3) （ leave） unchecked,these thoughts can intensify and develop into insomnia （失眠）. (4) （ follow） a bedtime routine,you can keep your mind focused on other (5) （ task） and encourage yourself to relax instead.
The importance of bedtime routines (6) （ date） back to as far as childhood.Bedtime routines help children connect with their natural circadian （昼夜节律的） rhythms,learn how to calm (7) （ they） down,and practice healthy habits that promote good sleep.Bedtime routines have also been found to have (8) （ extreme） positive impacts in other areas of children's lives,including better memory,mental health,and attention.
But bedtime routines for adults are just as important.Bedtime routines help your brain separate the day (9) the night,clear your mind and body of the day's stresses, (10) relax into sleep.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My father is always on my side to make sure I overcome difficulties and progresses towards my goal.He is always first one to help with my troubles.I still remember a rainy day.The road was awful flooded.I was stuck at school with a thundery and dark sky,what scared me a lot.Suddenly,I saw my father coming to pick myself up.That incident made me loved him more.When I was seven,I had some difficulties solve my competition problems.He had stayed with me all day to help me.With his helps,I won that competition,which motivated me a lot.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）
43. 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，下个月你校将举办短篇科幻小说创作大赛。请你在校英文网站上写一则通知，内容包括：
1.举办比赛的目的；
2.参赛要求；
3.号召大家参赛。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、C、D
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据 Fantastic Beasts：The Secrets of Dumbledore部分In the third of five planned Fantastic Beasts films, （在《神奇动物在哪里》计划的五部电影中的第三部中）可知，《神奇动物在哪里》共计划发行五部。故选C项。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据 Petite Maman部分The heroine of Petite Maman is eight-year-old Nelly.After her grandmother's death,Nelly plays in the woods near her mother's childhood home,and meets Marion.They play together every day. （《小妈妈》的女主角是八岁的奈莉。祖母去世后，耐莉在她母亲童年的家附近的树林里玩耍，遇到了玛丽昂。她们每天一起玩。）可知，Nelly和Marion成为了朋友。故选C项。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据 Operation Mincemeat部分This stranger-than-fiction film tells the story which happened during World War Ⅱ.It sounds like the plot of a far fetched espionage （间谍） novel rather than a real-life story,because one of the officers behind the plan was Lieutenant Commander Ian Fleming,later the author of the James Bond novels.（这部比小说更离奇的电影讲述了发生在第二次世界大战期间的故事。这听起来更像是一部牵强附会的间谍小说的情节，而不是真实的故事，因为策划这一计划的军官之一是陆军中校伊恩•弗莱明，他后来是詹姆斯•邦德系列小说的作者。）可知，电影 Operation Mincemeat是根据真实故事改编。故选D项。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四月上映的4部电影。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】A、B、A、C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中Frances Connolly,55，a former social worker and teacher from Northern Ireland scored a huge £115 million fortune or about ＄145 million.The first thing she did was sharing blessings with friends and family.（55岁的弗朗西斯•康诺利来自北爱尔兰，曾是一名社会工作者和教师，她中了1.15亿英镑，约1.45亿美元的巨额财富。她做的第一件事就是与朋友和家人分享祝福。）和第三段中With the money,Connolly set up two charitable foundations. （用这笔钱，康诺利建立了两个慈善基金会。）可知，康诺利中了彩票之后用这些钱去帮助别人。故选A项。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第四段中She also provided tablet computers （平板电脑） for the seniors so they can regularly keep in touch with their families.（她还为老年人提供了平板电脑，以便他们能定期与家人保持联系。）可知，康诺利为老人买了通讯工具，以便他们与家人保持联系。故选B项。
（3）A.观点态度题。根据第二段中The first thing she did was sharing blessings with friends and family.（她做的第一件事就是与朋友和家人分享祝福）"、第三段中"With the money,Connolly set up two charitable foundations. （用这笔钱，康诺利建立了两个慈善基金会。）和倒数第二段When asked by local news whether she was happy to give so much money away,she just said, "I'm happy and I'll do that all my life（当当地新闻记者问她捐出这么多钱是否高兴时，她只是说，"我很高兴，我将一辈子都这么做。"）可推知，康诺利心地善良且慷慨大方。故选A项。
（4）C.文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了心地善良的康诺利中了巨额彩票后，慷慨大方地分享自己的财富，帮助他人的故事，所以本文很可能选自报纸中的人物版块。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了心地善良的康诺利中了巨额彩票后，慷慨大方地分享自己的财富，帮助他人的善行。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）D.词句猜测题。根据第一段句中by inviting Chinese actors to make an appearance,shooting scenes in China,or showcasing elements of Chinese culture.（邀请中国演员参演、在中国拍摄场景或展示中国文化元素。）以及下文《月落》这部电影因其易于识别的中国元素而受到关注可知，此处指好莱坞努力吸引中国观众，画线词意为"努力"，A.Hated.讨厌；B.Refused.拒绝；C.Pretended.假装；D.Struggled.努力。故选D。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二自然段In Roland Emmerich's latest sci-fi disaster movie Moon fall,a variety of Chinese elements,including the appearance of several conversations in the Chinese language,have impressed Chinese viewers,not to mention its visual effects. （在罗兰艾默里克最新的科幻灾难电影《月落》中，各种中文元素，包括几段中文对话的出现，都给中国观众留下了深刻的印象，更不用说它的视觉效果了。）以及But the movie has also gained atention due to its easily ientifiable Chinese elements. （但这部电影也因其易于识别的中国元素而受到关注。）可知，《月落》这部电影的显著的中国元素吸引了中国观众。故选 A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三自然段Zhao said, "The Chinese are making contributions in the face of a disaster.This not only proves the unity of mankind,but also shows the country's interational status and influence." （赵说："中国人在灾难面前做出了贡献，这不仅证明了人类的团结，也表明了中国的国际地位和影响力。"）可知，赵对《月落》这部电影感到很自豪。A.Ridiculous.可笑的；B.Annoyed.恼火的；C.Proud.自豪的；D.Indifferent.漠不关心的。故选C。
（4）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段Market observers expressed the hope that Hollywood can gain a deeper understanding of China and do a better job in cross cultural communication so as to present Chinese elements more actually.（市场观察人士表示，希望好莱坞能够加深对中国的了解，更好地进行跨文化交流，更真实地呈现中国元素。）可知，市场观察人士希望好莱坞进一步了解中国文化。故选 B。
本文是一篇说明文。近年来，好莱坞通过邀请中国演员参演、在中国拍摄场景或展示中国文化元素努力吸引中国观众。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。同时也要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】B、B、A、A
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。由文章第一段the ultraviolet colours of their flowers not only attract pollinators,but also help the plant regulate water loss.（向日葵花朵的紫外线颜色不仅可以吸引传粉者，还可以帮助植物本身调节水分缺失。）可知，向日葵花有着特殊的功能。故选B。
（2）B.细节理解题。由文章第四段Dr.Todesco and his colleagues grew almost 2，000 wild sunflowers of two species at the university in 2016 and 2019.They measured the sunflowers' ultraviolet patterns,and analyzed the plants' genes.（Dr.Todesco和他的同事们在2016年和2019年在大学里种植了两个品种的差不多2000株野生向日葵。他们测量了这些向日葵的紫外线模式，然后分析了这些植物的基因。）可知，Dr.Todesco和他的同事们种植这些向日葵是为了进行研究。故选B。
（3）A.观点态度题。由文章最后一段This research could help add to knowledge about how to attract pollinators,potentially increasing crop yields,says Dr.Todesco.（这项研究可以帮助增加关于如何吸引传粉者方面的知识，从而可能增加农作物的产量，Dr.Todesco 说。）可知，Dr.Todesco对关于向日葵的这项研究持有肯定态度。A.Positive"积极的，肯定的"；B.Doubtful"怀疑的"；C.Negative"否定的"；D.Critical"批判的"。故选A。
（4）A.标题归纳题。文章第一段介绍了一项研究的发现，即向日葵花朵不为人知的一个特殊功能，即其紫外线颜色可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失。后面几段话都是在围绕该研究过程、研究发现及研究意义来展开说明的。因此文章还是以这一研究结果——向日葵花朵可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失为主要内容进行展开介绍的。A选项A Hidden Function of Flowers of Sunflowers（向日葵花的隐藏功能）适合作本文的标题。故选A项。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究者通过种植和研究野生向日葵花，发现了其花朵的紫外线颜色不仅可以吸引传粉者，还可以帮助向日葵本身调节水分缺失。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】F、A、B、G、D
【解析】（1）F.推理判断题。根据上文Dancing is natural and almost any child can dance.However,why do so many people find it hard to dance when they reach their teens or adulthood？（跳舞是自然的，几乎任何孩子都可以跳舞。然而，为什么这么多人在十几岁或成年后发现跳舞很难呢？）说明有些人认为跳舞很难。F项"There are many things preventing people from learning dancing. （有很多事情阻止人们学习舞蹈。）"承接上文，说明有很多事情阻止人们学习舞蹈，所以有些人认为很难跳舞。故选F。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据下文When we re learning something new,we hate having an audience watching our silly mistakes. （当我们学习新东西时，我们讨厌让观众看到我们愚蠢的错误。）说明在学习新事物时，我们不想向他人展现愚蠢和错误。A项"It's human nature to dislike looking foolish. （不喜欢看起来很患蠢是人类的天性。）"引出下文，说明人们在学习新事物时，不想让他人看到自己患蠢的一面。故选A。
（3）B.语境衔接题。根据上文We all have patterns of muscle memory.Your body likes doing repetitive movements that it doesn't have to think about. （我们都有肌肉记忆模式。你的身体喜欢做重复的动作，而这不必考虑。）及下文Your brain may understand,but it can take a while to direct them to interpret these new and unfamiliar movements. （你的大脑可能会理解，但可能需要一段时间来引导他们领会这些新的和不熟悉的动作。）说明跳舞需要身体做动作，并且大脑和肌肉可以记住动作。B项"Dance requires you to move your arms and legs.（舞蹈需要你移动你的胳膊和腿。）"承上启下，说明跳舞需要移动胳膊和腿，做出相应的舞蹈动作。故选B。
（4）G.段落大意题。根据下文If you've never danced before,the complex rhythms and fast footwork of flamenco（弗拉门科舞） would be a big challenge as the first dance style. （如果你以前从未跳过舞，弗拉门科舞的复杂节奏和快速步法作为第一种舞蹈风格将是一个很大的挑战。如果你不灵活，我建议你先做一些瑜伽，让你的身体习惯舞蹈的新需求。）说明刚开始学舞蹈时，应该循序渐进，由简入难。G项"Another possibility is that you picked an improper style of dance. （另一种可能性是你选择了一种不恰当的舞蹈风格。）"引出下文，建议我们根据自己的入门时间和身体的灵活性选对舞蹈风格。故选G。
（5）D.推理判断题。根据上文A lack of rhythm is the biggest obstacle of learning to dance.However,it can be overcome with enough practice. （缺乏节奏是学习跳舞的最大障碍。但是，可以通过足够的练习来克服它。）及下文Then start learning to dance when you begin to feel the beat. （然后当你开始感觉到节节奏时，开始学习跳舞。）说明可以通过练习来克服缺乏节奏感的问题，感受到节奏后，开始学习舞蹈。D项"Try to master dance steps first if you have no sense of rhythm. （如果你没有节奏感，请先试着掌握舞步。）"承上启下，说明可以通过掌握舞步，获得节奏感。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍学舞蹈难的原因。作者针对这些困难给出建议。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】D、C、B、D、A、B、B、A、C、D、A、A、C、C、D、B、A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）D考查动词及语境理解。A.appealing呼吁；B.observing观察；C.staying停留，逗留；D.working工作。根据下文"…the sponsor made a request to my employer on my behalf（……赞助者代表我向我的雇主提出了一个请求）"可知，作者应是忙于工作。故选D项。
（2）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.exploration探索；B.suspicion怀疑；C.attention注意，兴趣；D.life生活。根据上文"I didn't want to go"可知，作者不想去静修会，因为它一开始就没有引起作者的注意，故选C项。
（3）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.ordered命令；B.insisted坚持；C.promised承诺；D.bothered费心，使烦恼。根据下文"…the sponsor made a request to my employer on my behalf（……赞助者代表我向我的雇主提出了一个要求）"可知，此处指朋友坚持要作者去，呼应下文"So I decided to go."作者去了的内容。故选B项。
（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.struggled挣扎；B.exploded爆炸；C.walked走路，步行；D.travelled旅行，行进。根据下文"spent a night in a hotel"可知，只有出门了才会在外住宿，此处指"我们上路了"，故选D项。
（5）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.environment环境；B.reality现实；C.issue问题；D.devotion奉献，忠诚。根据下文"everybody was very kind（每个人都很友好）"可知，此处指现场环境令人愉快，故选A项。
（6）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.dawn黎明；B.break休息，间歇；C.noon中午；D.present现在，眼前。根据下文作者去帮助女孩推轮椅并攀谈起来可知，应是休息时间。故选B项。
（7）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.left离开；B.approached接近；C.met遇见；D.offended冒犯。根据下文"with her wheelchair."可知，女孩行动不便，作者是走近女孩问她是否需要帮助。故选B项。
（8）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.help帮助；B.business生意；C.procedure手续，步骤；D.process过程。结合语境可知，作者问坐轮椅的女孩是否需要帮助。故选A项。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.had有；B.sold卖；C.selected选择；D.analysed分析。根据下文"chose a table"可知，应是选好食物后选了一张桌子。故选C项。
（10）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.rude粗鲁的；B.fortunate幸运的；C.strange奇怪的，陌生的；D.open坦率的。根据下文"she was open to me too（她也对我敞开心扉）"可知，作者对女孩敞开心扉，故选D项。
（11）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.had a good time玩得开心；B.made a fortune发财；C.got off the room离开房间；D.set about others抨击别人。根据转折词but可知，此处指虽然不认识但是聊得很开心。故选A项。
（12）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.important重要的；B.tiresome烦人的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.casual随意的。根据下文"I will never forget"可知，此处指重要的东西，所以不会忘记。故选A项。
（13）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.suffer受苦，遭受；B.complain抱怨；C.define阐明，使清楚；D.damage损害。根据语境及"reach what they want to reach"可知，此处指每个人都应该明确自己想成为什么样的人。故选C项。
（14）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.equipment设备；B.dependency依赖，从属；C.confidence信心；D.tension紧张。根据上文"If you do something you don't believe is possible every day"可知，每天都做自认为不可能完成的事情，会让人获得自信。故选C项。
（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.avoid避免；B.present颁发，赠送；C.rule统治；D.overcome克服。结合空后的"difficult moments"可知，此处指克服困难时刻。故选D项。
（16）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.freedom自由；B.strength力量；C.permission同意，许可；D.hesitation犹豫。根据上文"exercise"可知，每天锻炼会获得力量。故选B项。
（17）A.考查代词及语境理解。A.few少数（人或物）；B.many很多（人或物）；C.others别人；D.everyone每个人。根据下文"you'll get courage"可知，做少数人能做的事情才叫有勇气。故选A项。
（18）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.processes过程；B.sayings谚语；C.quantities量，数量；D.qualities质量，品质。上文提到的信心、力量和勇气都属于人的品质。故选D项。
（19）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.abnormally反常地；B.merely仅仅；C.eventually最终；D.distantly遥远地。结合语境可知，此处指最后两人告知对方彼此的名字。故选C项。
（20）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.conducted实施，指挥；B.remained保持不变，一直是；C.suspected怀疑；D.requested请求，要求。根据上文"We continue to teach each other"可知，作者和女孩继续教对方，一直保持着朋友关系。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了在一次参加静修会时结识新朋友和对方教会作者的道理。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】that/which
【小题2】anxiety
【小题3】Left
【小题4】following
【小题5】tasks
【小题6】can date
【小题7】themselves
【小题8】extremely
【小题9】from
【小题10】and
【解析】（1）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：和其他常规一样，就寝时间的常规也是一种习惯，可以帮助我们的大脑识别何时睡觉。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，先行词habit为物，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
（2）anxiety.考查名词。句意：有规律的就寝时间在减少深夜压力、焦虑和会让你熬夜的烦扰想法方面也发挥着重要的作用。分析句子可知，所填词与名词stress和thoughts为并列宾语关系，需用抽象名词anxiety。故填anxiety。
（3）Left.考查过去分词。句意：如果不加以控制，这些想法可能会加剧并发展为失眠。分析句子可知，主语为thoughts,该空在句中做条件状语，且leave与主语为被动关系，用过去分词形式，首字母大写。故填Left。
（4）following.考查现在分词。句意：遵循有规律的就寝时间，你可以把注意力集中在其他任务上，并鼓励自己放轻松。分析句子可知，主语为you,该空在句中做状语，且follow与主语为主动关系，用现在分词。故填following。
（5）tasks.考查可数名词复数。句意：遵循有规律的就寝时间，你可以把注意力集中在其他任务上，并鼓励自己放轻松。结合other及句意，所填空处需填可数名词task的复数形式。故填tasks。
（6）can date.考查情态动词。句意：有规律的就寝时间的重要性可以追溯到童年时期。结合句意可知，情态动词can在句中表示"可以，能够"，情态动词后接动词原形。故填can date。
（7）themselves.考查代词。句意：就寝时间的常规帮助孩子们与他们的自然昼夜节律联系起来，学习如何让自己冷静下来，并练习促进良好睡眠的健康习惯。结合句意可知，孩子们学习的是如何让他们自己冷静下来，用反身代词的宾语形式。故填themselves。
（8）extremely.考查副词。句意：人们还发现就寝时间常规对儿童生活的其他方面也有非常积极的影响，包括更好的记忆力、心理健康和注意力。分析句子可知，修饰形容词positive,用副词extremely作状语。故填extremely。
（9）from.考查介词。句意：就寝时间常规帮助你的大脑将白天和夜晚分开，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，放松进入睡眠。separate...from...为固定搭配，意为"将……与……分开"。故填from。
（10）and.考查连词。句意：就寝时间常规帮助你的大脑将白天和夜晚分开，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，放松进入睡眠。结合语境可知，清除大脑和身体白天的压力，与放松进入睡眠为顺承关系，and连接表示顺承。故填and。
本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了有规律的睡眠时间的重要性。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】My father is always my side to make sure I overcome difficulties and towards my goal.He is always∧ first one to help with my troubles.I still remember a rainy day.The road was flooded.I was stuck at school with a thundery and dark sky, scared me a lot.Suddenly,I saw my father coming to pick up.That incident made me him more.When I was seven,I had some difficulties my competition problems.He had stayed with me all day to help me.With his ，I won that competition,which motivated me a lot.
详解：
1.on改为by.考查介词。句意：我的父亲总是在我身边，确保我克服困难，朝着我的目标前进。根据句意表示"在某人身边"，应用by one's side,on one's side意为"支持某人"，不符合语境。故on改为by。
2 progresses改为progress.考查主谓一致。句意：我的父亲总是在我身边，确保我克服困难，朝着我的目标前进。分析可知，动词progress与前文overcome是并列谓语动词，主语I为第一人称，所以谓语动词应使用动词原形。故progresses改为progress。
3.在first前加the.考查冠词。句意：他总是第一个帮我解决困难。序数词first前应用定冠词the。故在first前加the。
4.awful改为awfully.考查副词。句意：这条路被洪水淹得厉害。修饰动词flooded应用副词awfully作状语。故awful改为awfully。
5.what改为which.考查定语从句关系词。句意：我被困在学校，雷声隆隆，天空漆黑，这让我很害怕。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意为"这一点，这件事"，故应用关系代词which指代前面整个句子。故what改为which。
6.myself改为me.考查代词。句意：突然，我看到我的父亲来接我。根据句意可知，主语与宾语不是同一个人，不能用反身代词，应使用宾格代词me"我"作宾语，故myself改为me。
7.loved改为love.考查动词不定式。句意：这件事让我更爱他了。make sb.do sth."让某人做某事"，故此处应用省略了to的不定式作宾语补足语。故loved改为love。
8.solve改为solving.考查动名词。句意：当我七岁的时候，我在解决竞赛问题上遇到了一些困难。have difficulties（in）doing sth意为"做……有困难"，故介词in后应跟动名词作宾语。故solve改为solving。
9.删除stayed前的had.考查时态。句意：他一整天都陪着我帮我。根据语境可知，文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故删除stayed前的had。
10.helps改为help.考查不可数名词。句意：在他的帮助下，我赢得了比赛，这让我很受激励。help在这里为抽象意义，不可数，没有复数形式。故helps改为help。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章回忆了父亲对自己的爱和给予的帮助。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Notice
To enrich our campus life,develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science,our school will hold a science fiction short story writing competition next month.【高分句型一】（举办比赛的目的）
If you're a student with strong curiosity and rich imagination and good at writing,you will be welcome to participate in it.【高分句型二】（参赛人员）According to the rules,your works must be original and 5，000 words or so would be fine.（参赛要求一）If it appeals to you,please send your works to the office of the Students' Union before next Friday.（参赛要求二）
Come and join us!（号召大家参赛）
【解析】高分句型一：To enrich our campus life,develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science,our school will hold a science fiction short story writing competition next month.
翻译：为了丰富我们的校园生活，发展我们的想象力，激发我们对科学的兴趣，我们学校下个月将举办一场短篇科幻小说创作大赛。
分析：本句使用了to do不定式to enrich our campus life,develop our imagination and arouse our interest in science作目的状语。
高分句型二：If you're a student with strong curiosity and rich imagination and good at writing,you will be welcome to participate in it.
翻译：如果你是一个好奇心强、想象力丰富、善于写作的学生，欢迎你参加。
分析：本句使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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