初中英语中考《动词分类》专项复习（考点+练习）

这是一份初中英语中考《动词分类》专项复习（考点+练习）

中考英语动词分类专题复习一、考点（一）①及物动词(transitive verb)与不及物动词(intransitive verb)及物动词要求有直接宾语如：John himself opend the door to meJohn亲自来为我开门不及物动词则不要求有直接宾语如：The car stopped.车停了只有及物动词可用作被动语态如：The meeting will be hold in the town hall会议将在市政大厅举行②连系动词(link verb)是一个表示谓语关系的动词它后必须接表语(通常为名词或是形容词)be是最基本的连系动词如：It is not late时间还不晚③反身动词(reflexive verb)相当于及物动词，通常以反身动词做宾语如：She always prides herself on her cooking她经常为她的厨艺感到骄傲（二）1.实义动词(national verb)与助动词 (auxiliary verb)，情态动词 (modal verb)。实义动词意义完全，能独立作谓语如：The burglar broke the window小偷打破了窗户。2.助动词本身无词汇意义，不能单独作谓语，它们do,be,have,shall(should),will(would)等。它们在句子中与实义动词一起构成各种时态，语态和语气以及否定和疑问结构如：When do we meet again?什么时候我们再会(用于疑问结构)3.情态动词的意义不完全，在句中不能单独作谓语，只能与实义动词一起构成谓语。它们有shall,should,will,can,could,may,need,dare等。如：They dare not tell the truth.他们不敢说真话。4.限定动词(finite verb)与非限定动词。这些动词的形式由它们在句子中的功用决定。限定动词在句子中起谓语作用。可与助动词或情态动词连用，亦可不连用。但必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致。如：Mark smokes a lot.Mark 抽烟很多。非限定动词有不定式，动名词和分词三种。它们在句子中不起谓语作用，可担任主语，宾语，补语，状语，如：He wanted to tell her of the incident.他想把这个事件告诉她。(不定式用作宾语)5.短语动词(phrasal verb)短语动词是一个固定词组。由动词加介词或副词等构成。其作用相当于一个动词。如：The plane took off at seven sharp飞机七点起飞(动词+副词)6.动词的基本形式动词的基本形式有五种。动词原形(verb stem)第三人称单数 (third person singular present tense form) 过去式(past tense form)过去分词 (past participle) 和现在分词(present participle)如：原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词do does did done doingHave 的两种特殊句型have是英语中最活跃的动词之一，它与不同的词搭配表示不同的意思。如：have a meeting(开会)，have a rest(休息)，have a class(上课)等。你可知道have构成的两种特殊句型吗?不看不知道，一看就明了。1.have+宾语+省略to的动词不定式该句型中作主语的"人或物"让作宾语的"人或物"去做某事。此时的宾语与省略to的不定式(宾语补足语)之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：I would have you buy a new bike. 我想让你买辆新自行车。We can't have the car stop. 我们无法让汽车停下来。2.have+宾语+过去分词该句型中作主语的"人或物"让作宾语的"人或物"被……。此时的宾语与过去分词(宾语补足语)之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。如：I'll have my hair cut tomorrow.我明天要理发。They have just had their car repaired.他们刚找人把车修理了一下。注意：大多数情况下，这两种句型之间可以互换。如：1)He had me wash the table cloth.→He had the table cloth washed.2) The man had the bike mended.→ The man had someone mend the bike.（三）Do 的四作用动词do在句中的作用可以概述为四句十二字："做"实义，助动词，替前文，强语气。作用一：实义dodo作实义动词时，有do, does, did, done, doing五种形式，还有及物、不及物之分。如：1. vt. "做;研究;整理;完成"。如：①The old man does an hour of sport every day.②She did her homework at home last night.③Mother was doing the cooking when I reached home.④Have you done the exercises yet?2. vi. "行动;工作;进展;足够"。如：①Kate does very well in her Chinese.②How do you do?③Well done!④That will do.作用二：助动dodo作助动词时，只有do, does, did三种形式，无词义，限用于含行为动词的一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态的否定句和疑问句中。如：①They don't have any tickets for tonight's concert.②Kate stayed at home last night, didn't she?③How many books does the library have?④She doesn't do the washing in the evening.作用三：替代do为避免动词的重复，使语言简练，常以do, does, did替代前文所用的行为动词。如：①Tom runs much faster than you do.②-Lucy, can you get some more tea, please?-Sure. I'll do it right away.②-Who broke the cup?-Mimi did.③-I like bananas.-So does he.作用四：语气do为突出感情色彩，do常用于祈使句、强调句和倒装句中，以加强语气。如：①Do be careful.②Don't tell a lie.③He did come.④-You often go to the park.-So we do. 二、练习1.—What’s wrong with Simon? He isn’t at school today.—His legs hurt. He was by a motorcycle this morning. A.treated　　 B.hitC.operated D.cured2.While traveling in a strange place, you’d better the local people and follow their customs(习俗). A.watch B.changeC.control D.teach3.—Oh, no! I can’t find my mobile phone! —Well, where you last put it? A.have B.doC.did D.are4.How’s Annie? I her for a long time. A.don’t see B.won’t seeC.didn’t see D.haven’t seen5.Mom is making dinner. It so nice! A.smells B.tastesC.feels D.sounds6.This silk dress so smooth. It’s made in China. A.tastes B.smellsC.sounds D.feels7.The cake delicious. I’d like to have another one. A.tastes B.looksC.sounds D.feels附：参考答案1答案:B2答案:A3答案:C4答案:D5答案:A6答案:D7答案:A