湖南省长沙市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03语篇填空（语法填空&补全对话）&语篇翻译

这是一份湖南省长沙市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03语篇填空（语法填空&补全对话）&语篇翻译，共9页。试卷主要包含了5℃， 他们希望这会给他们带来好运， 学习剪纸非常容易， 很多人非常喜欢秧歌等内容，欢迎下载使用。

语法填空
（2022·湖南长沙）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Netherlands needs thusands f new huses because the cuntry ____1____ (have) a grwing ppulatin. Anyway, it may nt have t build all thse huses. Sme f ___2____ (they) can be printed.
____3____ (recent), the gvernment has been wrking tgether with a university and sme building cmpanies(公司) t build huses that are fully 3D-printed. As vlunteers, an ld cuple has becme the first peple in Eurpe t mve int such ___4____ huse.
With tw ___5____ (bedrm) and a big living rm, the huse was built layer(层) by layer, using a huge 3D printer and special cement(水泥). After being printed ut, the huse ___6____ (carry) by a truck t the building site, and a rf (屋顶) and windws were later added. It tk arund 120 hurs ___7____ (finish) this 3D-printed huse. Usually, it takes abut ne r tw years t build a huse in the ___8____ (traditin) way.
The cuple will live ____9____ this huse fr six mnths, with a mnthly pay f 800 eurs(欧元). The cst seems a little bit high, but they think it is much cheaper _____10_____ living in the htel.
（2021·湖南长沙）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry is ____11____ American businessman. One day, when he was sailing (航行) n a bat near San Francisc, he was carried ut int the sea by a strng wind. ___12___ (luck), he was discvered and picked up by a Lndn-bund (开往伦敦的) ship. S he ___13___ (land) in Lndn by accident. Alne and ___14___ (hunger), he walked n the streets f the city. Unexpectedly, he ____15____ (call) int a big huse. There tw rich ____16____ (brther), Oliver and Rderick, gave him a letter and tld ____17____ (he) nt t pen it until tw 'clck f the day. Henry didn’t knw it was a millin-pund (百万英镑) bank nte. He left the big huse and went int a cheap restaurant t get smething t eat. Everyne was implite and impatient t him. Why? ____18____ he was in rags (衣衫褴褛) and lked dirty. Then, ___19___ everyne’s surprise, he handed the wner a millin-pund bank nte t pay fr the meal. On seeing the nte, all the peple in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best ____20___ (please) Henry. Dn’t yu think it’s the mst unbelievable stry in the wrld?
补全对话
（2020·湖南长沙）通读下面的对话,根据上下文补全对话内容。
A: Hi, Jane. Yu made great prgress in English during the lng winter vacatin. ______21______ ?
B: Just by taking nline curses and finishing my hmewrk in time. Smetimes I watched the nline classes again when necessary.
A: But I didn't make full use f the time. S I can't catch up with my classmates nw. I feel wrried and hpeless.
B: ____22____ .Read a lt and d exercises, and yu'll get imprved.
A: Gd idea. When I have difficulties,______23______ ?
B: N prblem. I am always there if yu need help.
A: It's very kind f yu. By the way, what's the title f yur tmrrw’s speech?
B: Only I. 5℃.
A: Sunds interesting. But it's just a number. _____24______ ?
B: It means we need t keep temperature increases belw 1.5℃.
A: If nt, what wuld happen?
B: Unexpected disasters （灾难） wuld hit the earth again and again
A: True. The frest fires in Australia have given us warnings. ______25_______ ?
B: The fires lasted fr several mnths. It is reprted that cuntless wild animals have been killed and thusands f peple have lst their hmes in the big fires.
A: What a bitter lessn!
语篇翻译
（2022·湖南长沙）阅读下面短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
When peple say Chinese culture, we ften think f paper cutting. 1. Paper cutting is an art frm with a lng histry in China. Traditinal paper-cuts were first put n windws fr decratin（装饰）. That is why paper-cuts are als called “windw flwers”. Mst paper-cuts are made f red paper, because red means gd luck in Chinese culture. Tday, peple use paper-cuts t decrate nt nly windws, but als drs and ther furniture（家具）. 2. Smetimes, peple use them as gifts.
Paper-cuts are ppular because f their expressins f gd wishes and hpes. During the Spring Festival, fr example, many peple put up paper-cuts f the Chinese character（汉字） “Fu” upside dwn n the dr. 3. 他们希望这会给他们带来好运。 At wedding ceremnies（婚礼）, yu can always see paper-cuts f the character “Xi”. It means that the new cuple can enjy happiness tgether.
Paper cutting has develped int different styles in different parts f China. 4. Paper-cuts frm the nrth f China usually have interesting shapes. In suthern China, peple prefer paper-cuts with the themes（主题）f flwers, fruit, birds and fish.
5. 学习剪纸非常容易。 With a piece f paper and a knife r a pair f scissrs, yu can try t make yur wn paper-cuts. Althugh paper cutting is easy t start with, yu need a lt f practice and imaginatin t becme really gd at it.
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（2021·湖南长沙）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Yangge is a kind f traditinal Chinese flk (民间的) dance. The perfrmers (表演者) dance t music with handkerchiefs (手帕) r fans in their hands. 1. It’s a very ppular festival activity in nrth China.
Yangge may have different frms frm place t place, but all f them express happiness. 2. 很多人非常喜欢秧歌。Mst dancers are yung men and yung wmen. Sme are even ld ladies. Almst every village in nrthern Shaanxi Prvince has yangge teams. 3. They begin t prepare yangge even a mnth befre the Chinese New Year. During the Spring Festival, the yangge teams pay New Year’s calls frm huse t huse.
4. They wish peple a happy New Year by dancing yangge in the streets. Sme yung men ften play the drums, and the perfrmers wave red silk bands (挥舞红绸带). Peple set ff firecrackers (鞭炮) t welcme the dancers. 5. 他们邀请表演者品尝自制食物。The sunds f sngs, drums and firecrackers frm an air f festivity in the village.
Nwadays, yangge has spread int city parks, streets and squares, and it has develped int a kind f ppular exercise fr city peple.
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（2020·湖南长沙）阅读下面的短文,将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Lts f yung peple have never experienced hme-life. Meals are cked and clthes are washed as if by magic! 1.我们知道很多孩子不会洗衣做饭。They dn't clean the flr, make the bed r slice（切）the meat. Yes, they have hmewrk but ften n husewrk. But hw are yu ever ging t learn the practical skills yu will need in later life if everything is dne fr yu? A change is cming. 2. In China, schls are nw thinking abut teaching life skills as a subject. We all need t prepare fr real life, especially the husewrk. 3.我父母拥有这些技能,但他们却忘记教我了。At university, I had t learn t shp, prepare my fd and ck meals. I wish my parents r my teachers had taught me all f them befre! Nw, I feel very cnfident （信心）in running a hme. I especially enjy cking.
4. Sme peple might say yu can rder fd r bk services nline. In fact, gd life skills will make yu a better student, a better wrkmate and a better family member in yur life. Making a meal needs gd planning, skillful cking, cntrl f temperature and a gd nse! It makes yu smarter!
All this needs t start early. 5.If yu dn't have practical life skills, yur educatin will be incmplete. One day, yu will wnder why yu have n clean scks, and why sme f yur best friends can ck a delicius meal but yu cannt!
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________
参考答案：
has
them
Recently
a
bedrms
was carried
t finish
traditinal
in
than
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了荷兰用3D打印机建造的一座房子。
句意：荷兰需要数千栋新房子，因为该国人口不断增长。根据“The Netherlands needs…”可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语是“the cuntry”，谓语have用第三人称单数形式。故填has。
句意：其中一些可以打印。介词“f”后用代词宾格，sme f them“它们中的一些”。故填them。
句意：最近，政府一直在与一所大学和一些建筑公司合作建造完全3D打印的房屋。逗号前用副词修饰整个句子，recently“最近”，首字母大写。故填Recently。
句意：作为志愿者，一对老夫妇成为欧洲第一对搬进这样一所房子的人。“huse”是可数名词单数，前面需加冠词，表示“这样的一所房子”，且“huse”以辅音音素开头，用such a huse。故填a。
句意：这座房子有两间卧室和一个大客厅，是用一台巨大的3D打印机和特殊的水泥一层一层地建造的。bedrm“卧室”，“tw”修饰可数名词复数。故填bedrms。
句意：房子被打印出来后，用卡车运到了建筑工地，后来又加上了屋顶和窗户。描述过去的事情用一般过去时，根据“by a truck”可知，用被动语态was/were+dne的结构，主语是“the huse”，be动词用was。故填was carried。
句意：完成这座3D打印房子花了大约120个小时。“It takes+时间段+t d sth”，表示“做某事花费多长时间”，动词不定式作主语。故填t finish。
句意：通常，用传统的方式建造一所房子需要一到两年的时间。traditin“传统”，名词，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词“way”。故填traditinal。
句意：这对夫妇将在这所房子里住六个月，月付800欧元。live“住，生活”，不及物动词，live in…“住在……”。故填in。
句意：费用似乎有点高，但他们认为这比住在酒店便宜得多。根据“it is much cheaper…living in the htel”可知，住在这所房子比住酒店便宜，than“比”，前面用比较级。故填than。
an
Luckily
landed
hungry
was called
brthers
him
Because
t
t please
【解析】
【分析】
文章是马克·吐温的短篇小说《百万英镑》的故事梗概。Henry落难时，有两个富裕的兄弟给了他一张百万英镑的钞票，他在餐馆因衣衫褴褛而遭到不礼貌待遇，而人们又因这百万英镑而去取悦他。
句意：Henry是一名美国商人。businessman是可数名词单数，此处泛指一名美国商人，American以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an。故填an。
句意：幸运的是，他被发现了，并被一艘开往伦敦的船接走了。此处用副词修饰整个句子。luck的副词形式是luckily，意为“幸运地，幸运的是”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Luckily。
句意：所以他是偶然在伦敦登陆的。根据上下文可知用过去时态讲述故事，此处用一般过去时，land的过去式是landed。故填landed。
句意：他独自一人，饥肠辘辘地走在城市的街道上。and前后表示等同关系，词性保持一致，alne是形容词，作伴随状语，此处用hunger的形容词形式hungry表示“饥饿的”。故填hungry。
句意：没想到，他被叫进了一所大房子。根据“int a big huse”可知是被叫进一所大房子，用被动语态，文章以过去时态讲述故事，用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were dne，主语“he”后用be动词was。故填was called。
句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Rderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。由tw可知，空处应填名词复数。故填brthers。
句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Rderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。动词tld后接人称代词宾格，he的宾格形式是him。故填him。
句意：因为他衣衫褴褛，看起来很脏。根据“Why?”可知此处要回答原因，用because表示“因为”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Because。
句意：然后，令大家吃惊的是，他递给店主一张百万英镑的钞票来付饭钱。t ne’s surprise令某人惊讶的是，固定短语。故填t。
句意：看到这张钞票，餐馆里所有的人都变得很友好，尽力取悦亨利。try ne’s best t d sth.尽最大努力做某事，此处用动词不定式。故填t please。
Hw did yu learn English?
Dn't wrry. / Never give up. /Cme n. / Cheer up.
can yu help me?
What des it mean?
Hw lng did the fire last?
【解析】
【分析】
这则对话主要是B在寒假英语取得很大进步，询问怎样做到的，A介绍学英语的方法，并鼓励A，表示在他有困难时会帮助他，最后B介绍明天的演讲的话题和主要内容。
句意:你怎样学习英语的？
根据“Just by taking nline curses and finishing my hmewrk in time”可知B讲述学英语的方法，此处用特殊疑问句询问怎样学英语的，疑问词是hw。根据“watched the nline classes”可知是一般过去时态，疑问句的助动词是did。故答案为Hw did yu learn English?
句意:不要担心。/不要放弃。/加油。/振作起来。
根据“I feel wrried and hpeless”，A感到担心无助的，B此处在安慰鼓励他，让他不要放弃。可用Dn't wrry或者Never give up或者Cme n或者Cheer up。故答案为Dn't wrry. / Never give up. /Cme n. / Cheer up.
句意:当我有困难的时候，你能帮我么？
根据“N prblem. I am always there if yu need help” B表示A需要帮助他总会帮他，可知是一般疑问句，A此处询问B是否能帮他。故答案为can yu help me?
句意:它的意思是什么？
根据“It means we need t keep temperature increases belw 1.5℃”，B讲述Only I. 5℃的含义，可知此处用特殊疑问句，A询问它的含义是什么。故答案为What des it mean?
句意:大火持续多长时间？
根据“The fires lasted fr several mnths”，大火持续好几个月，可知A询问持续多长时间，用特殊疑问句，疑问词是hw lng。根据“lasted”可知是一般过去时态，问句的助动词用did。故答案为Hw lng did the fire last?
剪纸在中国是一种历史悠久的艺术形式。
有时，人们用它们作为礼物。
They hpe it will bring them gd luck.
中国北方的剪纸通常有有趣的形状。
Learning paper cutting is very easy.
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了中国的传统文化——剪纸。
Paper cutting“剪纸”；is“是”；an art frm“一种艺术形式”；with a lng histry“有悠久的历史”；in China“在中国”。故填：剪纸在中国是一种历史悠久的艺术形式。
Smetimes“有时候”；peple“人们”；“使用……作为……”；gifts“礼物”。故填：有时，人们用它们作为礼物。
they“他们”；hpe“希望”，后加宾语从句，that省略；it“它”；will bring them gd luck“将会给他们带来好运”。故填They hpe it will bring them gd luck.
Paper-cuts“剪纸”；frm“来自”； the nrth f China“中国北方”；usually“通常”；have interesting shapes“有有趣的形状”。故填：中国北方的剪纸通常有有趣的形状。
learning paper cutting“学习剪纸”，此处是动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；is“是”；very easy“非常容易”。故填Learning paper cutting is very easy.
它在中国北方是一个非常流行的节日活动。
Many/A lt f/Lts f peple like Yangge very much.
甚至在中国新年前一个月，他们就开始准备秧歌了。
他们通过在街上跳秧歌来祝福人们新年快乐。
They invite perfrmers t taste/try the fd made by themselves./They invite perfrmers t taste/try the fd which/that is made by themselves. /They invite perfrmers t taste/try self-made/hmemade fd.
【解析】
【分析】
文章介绍了秧歌这一中国民间传统舞蹈。
It’s它是；a very ppular festival activity一个非常受欢迎的节日活动；in nrth China在中国北方。故填：它在中国北方是一个非常流行的节日活动。
人peple，可数名词复数；许多many/a lt f/lts f，修饰可数名词复数；喜欢like；秧歌Yangge；非常very much。句子用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。句子开头首字母大写。故填Many/A lt f/Lts f peple like Yangge very much.
They他们；begin t prepare yangge开始准备秧歌；even甚至；a mnth一个月；befre the Chinese New Year在中国新年前。故填：甚至在中国新年前一个月，他们就开始准备秧歌了。
They他们；wish希望，祝福；peple人们；a happy New Year一个快乐的新年；by dancing yangge通过跳秧歌；in the streets在街上。故填：他们通过在街上跳秧歌来祝福人们新年快乐。
他们they；邀请某人做某事invite sb. t d sth.；表演者perfrmers；品尝taste；自制食物self-made fd/hmemade fd。句子用一般现在时，主语“they”后用动词原形。句子开头首字母大写。故填They invite perfrmers t taste/try the fd which/that is made by themselves. /They invite perfrmers t taste/try self-made/hme made fd.
We knw that many children can’t wash clthes r ck.
在中国,学校现在在考虑把教授生活技能当做一门学科。
My parents have these skills, but they frgt t teach me.
一些人也许会说你可以在网上点餐或者预定服务。
如果你没有实际的生活技能,你的教育就是不完整的。
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述学生有家庭作业没有家务活，很多孩子不会洗衣做饭。在中国,学校现在在考虑把教授生活技能当做一门学科。学会这些必需的生活技能让孩子们更自信更聪明。
划线的句子“我们知道很多孩子不会洗衣做饭”是陈述句。主语是we我们；谓语动词是knw知道；后面是宾语从句，从句的主语是many children很多孩子；动词是can’t不会；后面用动词原形wash clthes，否定句用r连接两个动词 wash clthes和 ck。故答案为We knw that many children can’t wash clthes r ck.
划线的句子“ In China, schls are nw thinking abut teaching life skills as a subject”是陈述句。in China表示“在中国”，句子的主语是schls学校，谓语动词are thinking abut…as…表示“正在考虑把……当做……”，nw是时间状语“现在”；宾语是动名词“teaching life skills” 教授生活技能;as后面的宾语是a subject一门学科。故答案为在中国,学校现在在考虑把教授生活技能当做一门学科。
划线的句子“我父母拥有这些技能,但他们却忘记教我了”是but表示转折连接的两个句子。我父母my parents；谓语动词“拥有”用have；宾语是“这些技能”these skills。他们they；动词用一般过去时态，表示“忘记了做某事”用frgt t d；用动词原形接人称代词的宾格teach me表示“教我”。故答案为My parents have these skills, but they frgt t teach me.
划线的句子“Sme peple might say yu can rder fd r bk services nline”是陈述句，主语是sme peple一些人；动词是might say“可能会说”；后面是宾语从句，从句的主语是yu你；动词是can可以;后面是r连接两个动词短语并列 rder fd r bk services nline表示“在网上点餐或者预定服务”。故答案为一些人也许会说你可以在网上点餐或者预定服务。
划线的句子“If yu dn't have practical life skills, yur educatin will be incmplete”是if引导的条件状语从句。从句的主语是yu你；谓语动词是dn't have没有；宾语是“practical life skills” 实际的生活技能。主句的主语是yur educatin你的教育；谓语动词是一般将来时will be，将是；表语是 incmplete“不完整的”。故答案为如果你没有实际的生活技能,你的教育就是不完整的。