湖北省荆州市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读单选&阅读还原

这是一份湖北省荆州市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读单选&阅读还原，共21页。
（2022·湖北荆州）D yu knw hw t take ntes? Here are sme useful tips.
★Dn’t write everything dwn. Pay mre attentin t the main pints.
★Yu shuld write key wrds r very shrt sentences.
★Yu may use yur wn wrds, but try nt t change the speaker’s meaning.
★Dn’t wrry abut missing smething during the speech.
★Dn’t take ntes n paper that yu might easily lse. Keep yur ntes in a ntebk.
★Read yur ntes ften. This will help yu remember them later.
1．What shuld yu write when taking ntes?
A．Everything yu hear. B．Sme key wrds.
C．Lng sentences.D．Less imprtant pints.
2．Accrding t the passage, it might be best t take ntes n ________ .
A．pieces f paper B．the textbk C．a ntebk D．yur desk
3．What shuld yu d if yu want t learn frm yur ntes?
A．Read them ften.B．Make them lnger.
C．Change the speaker’s meaning.D．Spend less time n them.
（2022·湖北荆州）As we can learn frm the stry in ur textbk, guide dgs are the “eyes” f blind peple. But hw can they be s helpful? The answer is simple. Guide dgs practice t be helpful. As part f the training, guide dgs practice getting t the places their wners will need t g. But befre this, guide dgs must receive training in many ther areas. This is because guiding a persn safely is mre imprtant than just knwing where t g.
Suppse a tree branch（树枝） is lying n the rad in frnt f a blind persn and his guide dg. Since the persn cannt see the branch, it’s up t the dg t let him knw it is there. If the branch is small the dg may help guide its wner arund it. If it is large, the dg will stp the persn. Then he knws there is smething in the way. He will wrk with his dg t find a way past the branch.
Many peple think a guide dg tells its wner when they can crss the rad. This is nt true. Instead, the dg usually stps its wner when they have reached the end f a rad. Then the blind persn listens t their situatin and cnsiders if it is safe t crss the rad. A blind persn and his dg always wrk as a team.
4．Abut guide dgs, we can knw ________ frm the first paragraph.
A．blind peple can’t affrd a guide dg
B．nt all dgs can be trained t be helpful
C．dgs are brn t be helpful t blind peple
D．guide dgs learn t be helpful thrugh training
5．The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refers t “________”.
A．the radB．the tree branchC．the blind persnD．the dg
6．If there is a large branch n the rad in frnt f its wner, the guide dg will ________.
A．stp its wnerB．ask smene fr help
C．mve it with its wnerD．guide its wner arund it
7．Accrding t the passage, wh will decide if it is safe fr a blind persn t crss a rad?
A．The blind persn himself.B．His guide dg.
C．Bth he and his guide dg.D．A plice fficer.
（2022·湖北荆州）Rbts may seem smart, but they cannt even pick up a chess piece. Let’s take a lk at sme tasks that are easy fr kids but nt fr rbts.
Pick things up
Picking things up is nt easy. If we drp ur pencil n the flr, ur brains wrk hard. First, we must find the pencil. Then we mve ur hands t it. A rbt cannt always mve its “hand” t the right place. When we tuch the pencil, it might rll（滚动） a little bit. Rbts cannt easily understand this either. S, if yu drp a pencil n the flr, a rbt will prbably rll it arund the rm.
Get arund in large space
If smene drps us in a building we’ve never been t, we might feel a bit lst. But we can lk arund, find a dr and get ut quickly. But a rbt will lk everywhere fr a dr, even n ceilings（天花板） and flrs. This is because it’s hard fr them t understand spaces, especially large, blank things such as walls r ceilings.
Understand the wrld made by peple
“Cmmn sense” is what we dn’t need t think r talk abut. Because f cmmn sense, we d nt lk fr drs n the ceiling. We pick up a cffee cup by its handle（把手）. We feel whether it has cffee inside, and whether it’s ht.
A rbt? It may turn the cup upside dwn. It may hld the ht part f the cup. Scientists have tried teaching rbts cmmn-sense rules. But even huge databases（数据库） dn’t help much. Maybe they need mre time t learn.
8．What may happen when a rbt tries t pick up a pencil?
A．It may break the pencil.B．It may rll the pencil.
C．It may nt find the pencil.D．It may watch the pencil rll.
9．What will a rbt d in rder t find a dr?
A．Dig a big hle in the wall. B．Only lk fr large and blank things.
C．Search everywhere even the ceilings. D．Drp itself in a crner in the building.
10．What can we learn abut cmmn sense frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．Rbts can teach themselves cmmn sense.
B．Rbts have the same cmmn sense as humans.
C．Scientists tried teaching rbts cmmn-sense rules.
D．Huge databases help much fr rbts t learn cmmn sense.
11．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Rbts are nt helpful t humans at all.
B．Rbts are gd at picking up small things.
C．It is easy fr rbts t understand large spaces.
D．Rbts have truble understanding ur wrld.
（2022·湖北荆州）When I was walking back hme at arund 12:15 p.m. ne day, an apple cre（果核） came flying tward me. It landed just befre my feet. Surprised, but I felt lucky nt t get hit by it.
The apple was thrwn ver a wall by a schl student. I live ppsite a schl. The wall separates my huse frm the schl.
Thinking it was a ne-ff（一次的） experience, I tld my friends, and we laughed abut it.
Then, a week later, I was walking alng exactly the same place at the same time and bam! Anther apple cre came ver. This time it landed n the rf（屋顶） f a huse. Oh, my Gd! I was nearly hit by it!
Last week I was n my way hme. I checked my phne. It was 12:15 p.m. I thught abut thse tw times when I had seen apple cres thrwn ver the wall. But suddenly, anther apple cre was thrwn ver with speed!
Enugh was enugh. Smene culd be really hurt by these cres. Did the student(s) nt realize that peple live acrss the wall? Or did they nt care?
I tld my friend abut it. “Yu shuld just thrw the apple back ver the wall. That will teach them,” my friend suggested. But I dn’t want t play that “game”. As they say, an eye fr an eye leaves the whle wrld blind.
Maybe I’ll call the schl and let them knw. The students need t knw that they might hurt smene if they keep thrwing their waste. What’s mre, waste belngs in the bin, nt anywhere else.
12．Hw did the writer feel after she saw the first thrwn apple cre?
A．Bred.B．Lucky.C．Embarrassed.D．Angry.
13．Hw many times did the writer see an apple cre thrwn ver the wall?
A．Once.B．Twice.C．Three times.D．Fur times.
14．Frm the underlined sentence, we can learn that ________ .
A．the writer will set up a camera n the wall
B．the writer will thrw the apple back next time
C．the writer was hit in the eye by the thrwn apple cre
D．the writer will nt fight back by ding the same thing
15．What can we infer（推断） frm the stry?
A．Smebdy was nce hurt by thrwn waste there.
B．The apple cres were thrwn by the same student.
C．The students culd see clearly when the writer was walking by.
D．The schl may find ut abut the prblem and make new rules.
（2021·湖北荆州）
The reading materials abve are tw ______.
A．nticesB．lettersC．adsD．menus
17．T lse weight, Tina ______.
A．eats mre meatB．runs every day
C．des nthingD．desn’t eat breakfast
18．Tina is upset because ______.
A．she has n time t exercise
B．her friends ften laugh at her
C．running isn’t helping her lse weight
D．her parents ask her nt t lse weight
19．What des Jasn think abut Tina’s prblem?
A．She shuld stp running.
B．She can take sme medicine.
C．She needs t take in mre prtein.
D．She shuld pay mre attentin t her eating.
20．What is Jasn’s suggestin at last?
A．Tina shuld learn t accept herself.
B．Tina may ask mre friends fr help.
C．Lsing weight can make Tina healthy.
D．What ther peple think is imprtant.
（2021·湖北荆州）Fan Shenghua, is ne f the inheritrs（继承人） f West Lake Lngjing tea rasting technique（炒茶技艺）. He has been making Lngjing tea fr mre than frty years.
Lngjing tea leaves are famus fr their clr, taste and shape.
“Yu have t tuch the leaves with yur hands t feel hw much water is being remved（去除）,” Fan said. “If t much is remved, the leaves will break int pieces; if nt enugh is remved, the tea will taste bitter（苦的）.”
This traditinal technique dates back t the Ming and Qing dynasties. It nt nly makes the tea taste gd, but has als becme an imprtant part f Chinese tea culture.
These days, hwever, mre peple are using machines t d the jb. “It’s easier, but the quality is nt as gd,” Fan said. “Machine-made tea flats lnger in water and tastes bitter.”
In March this year, when President Xi Jinping visited Hangzhu, he watched Fan rast tea. Fan changed the strength and mvement f his hands as he rasted leaves. Xi later said, “The things made by tw palms（手掌） cnnt be replaced by mdern technlgy.”
Fan is nw teaching sme yung men. His sn, a 27-year-ld cllege graduate, is ne f them. “It’s a traditin. We need t pass it dwn,” he said.
21．Accrding t Paragraph 3, what will happen t tea leaves if they have t much water?
A．They will g bad quickly. B．They will break int pieces.
C．They will lse their fresh taste.D．They will have a bitter taste.
22．What des the underlined part “this traditinal technique” refer t?
A．Picking tea leaves. B．Rasting tea leaves by hand.
C．Drinking tea in a traditinal way.D．Grwing tea plants n the muntains.
23．What des Fan think f making tea by machine?
A．It is easier than by hand. B．It has a lng histry in China.
C．It makes tea taste better and better.D．It becmes an imprtant part f tea culture.
24．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Fan’s sn studies tea culture in cllege.
B．Fan will pen his wn tea huses in China.
C．Fan’s sn is learning the tea rasting technique.
D．Fan is making this technique ppular wrldwide.
25．What des the passage mainly want t tell us?
A．Hw t tell gd tea apart frm bad tea.
B．Lngjing tea leaves are the best in the wrld.
C．Hw tea is packed and sent t many different cuntries.
D．Smetimes nly by hand can we make the best f the things.
（2021·湖北荆州）Yu may have heard the saying “The Yangtze River is China’s mther river.” It is almst 6,400 kilmeters lng. As the wrld’s third-lngest river, it cvers ne-fifth f China’s land area. The Yangtze River Ecnmic Zne(长江经济带) cvers eleven prvinces and cities, making up abut frty percent f China’s ttal ppulatin and GDP.
On December 26, China passed the Yangtze River Prtectin Law, which came int frce n March 1, 2021. It is the first law t prtect a waterway in China.
The mther river is in great need f prtectin because smething is wrng with it. Fr example, because f verfishing and water pllutin, the river’s Chinese paddlefish has died ut there. There’s als desertified land and sil pllutin near the river.
Accrding t the law, fishing will nt be allwed in all f the Yangtze’s natural waterways, including its majr tributaries(支流) and lakes. Thse wh are caught fishing will be fined(罚款) 50,000 t 500,000 yuan.
Digging sand will be strictly limited(限制) in the river. Many cmpanies are digging sand alng the river. Hwever, this has led t lwer water levels n the river, which has caused the river’s water t decline.
Cmpanies and factries alng the river will need t fcus n green develpment. If their activities d harm t the waterways, they will be mved away, the law says.
26．What des the first paragraph tell us abut the Yangtze River?
A．Hw ld it is.B．Why it’s imprtant.
C．What prblems it has.D．Where it jins the sea.
27．What d we knw abut the Yangtze River Prtectin Law?
A．It was passed n March 1, 2021.
B．It came int frce abut ten years ag.
C．It has increased the ppulatin f the area.
D．It’s the first law t prtect a waterway in China.
28．What des Paragraph 3 explain?
A．Why the river needs prtectin. B．Hw the river is being plluted.
C．When Chinese paddlefish died ut.D．Hw the river will be prtected.
29．What des the underlined wrd “decline” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Disappear.B．Becme wrse.C．Be hard t test. D．Be easy t cntrl.
30．Accrding t the passage, which is true abut prtecting the river?
A．Peple can’t fish in the river’s majr tributaries.
B．Digging sand will nt be allwed in the river anymre.
C．Cmpanies alng the river will be mved t ther places.
D．Anyne wh causes pllutin will be fined at least 50,000 yuan.
（2020·湖北荆州）Calendar f Events
Octber Schl Activities at Newtwn Schl
If yu want t learn guitar, yu have t be free n ________ mrning.
A．MndayB．Wednesday
C．FridayD．Sunday
32．Which f the activities lasts the lngest? _________.
A．Ding water activitiesB．Playing tennis
C．Playing beach ballD．Stry-telling
33．Where shuld students g if they want t listen t stries?
A．The Recreatin LagnB．The schl playgrund.
C．The schl lab.D．The lawn
34．If Rse has $16, she can _________.
A．g t the arts & crafts wrkshp B．learn chemistry.
C．learn guitar D．play beach ball
35．The abve activities are planned ___________ fr students in Newtwn Schl
A．in OctberB．n weekends
C．n Children’s DayD．in winter vacatin
（2020·湖北荆州）D yu help yur parents with chres arund the huse? Can yu ck fr yur family?
T stress the imprtance f hardwrking spirit educatin amng students f different ages, the Chinese gvernment recently released（发布） a guideline. The guideline calls fr students t respect（尊重） wrk. Students shuld learn basic life skills and frm gd wrking habits, thrugh such educatin.
The gvernment has been trying t stress the imprtance f hardwrking spirit educatin. But this has been verlked（忽视） in recent years. Many teens d nt value the imprtance f wrking hard and are uninterested in ding s.
Accrding t a study f nearly 3,000 students that was dne by Ningb Evening News in March, nly 22 percent f primary and middle schl students help with everyday chres arund the huse.
Schls and families play an imprtant rle in teaching students abut the value f wrking hard, the guideline says.
Primary and middle schls shuld prvide students with hardwrking spirit classes every week, accrding t the guideline. Schls can als hld activities t give students real-wrld wrk experience. Fr example, schls can teach children hw t plant trees n Tree-planting Day.
As children’s first teachers, parents shuld als encurage children t learn hw t d chres at hme. Students shuld master ne r tw life skills every year. These skills can include cking, washing their wn clthes and tidying their rms.
36．The guideline was released in rder t ___________.
A．teach students hw t d chres at hme
B．call fr students t respect wrk
C．help students slve life prblems
D．ask students t be mre independent
37．What des the underlined wrd “this” in paragraph 3 refer t? ___________.
A．Challenges in lifeB．Basic life skills
C．The recently released guidelineD．Hardwrking spirit educatin
38．What is paragraph 4 trying t tell us? ___________.
A．Only 3,000 students help with husewrk
B．Students pay n attentin t hardwrking spirit
C．Abut ne-fifth f students help with husewrk
D．Students are taken gd care f by their parents
39．Accrding t the guideline, schls shuld ____________.
A．prvide bth guidance and chances fr real wrk
B．hand ut the guideline t every student
C．teach students hw t plant trees
D．give parents hmewrk t d
40．What des the writer advise parents t d?
A．D mst husewrk at hme.
B．Master ne r tw life skills every year.
C．Help children learn t d chres at hme.
D．Ask children t fcus mre n study.
（2020·湖北荆州）In a restaurant, a bug（虫子） suddenly flew in and landed n the wman. She started shuting ut f fear. Then she jumped arund with bth her hands shaking, trying t scare away the bug. Her reactin was very strng and everyne in her grup gt int fear.
The wman finally gt the bug f her, but then it landed n anther wman in the grup. Nw, it was her turn t cntinue the drama.
A waiter rushed t the table. The wman smehw managed t get the bug n the waiter. The waiter std quietly and lked at the bug n his shirt. He carefully picked up the bug and threw it ut f a windw.
Drinking my cffee and watching the drama g n, I started wndering: Was the bug respnsible fr what they behaved just nw/ If s, then why was the waiter nt disturbed（v. 干扰）?
He slved the prblem perfectly withut any fear. It was nt a bug, but the inability f thse peple t deal with the disturbance（n. 干扰） caused by the bug that disturbed them.
I realized that it was nt the shuting f my father r my bss that disturbed me, but my inability t deal with the disturbances caused by their shuting that disturbed me. It was nt the traffic jams（堵塞） n the rad but my inability t deal with the disturbances caused by traffic jams that disturbed me.
It is nt a prblem, but my reactin t the prblem that creates disrders in my life.
41．Frm the passage, we can infer（推断） that the secnd wman ___________.
A．was nt scared because she was strng
B．acted the same way the first wman did
C．cntinued watching the drama
D．threw the bug back n the first wman
42．Where was the writer when the stry happened? ______________.
A．In the restaurant.B．In his ffice
C．On his way t wrkD．At the theater
43．Which f the fllwing wuld the writer agree with?
A．It was the wmen wh caused the truble.
B．The wmen were able t deal with the disturbance.
C．The bug was respnsible fr what the wmen did.
D．The waiter had the ability t deal with the disturbance.
44．Accrding t the passage, if yu run int a traffic jam, yu’re suppsed t ______________.
A．cmplain fr being late
B．feel upset and wrried
C．relax yurself by listening t music
D．expect smene t clear the rad right away
45．What des the passage mainly tell us?
A．Speak less, d mre.
B．Keep yur cl when truble hits.
C．Actins speak luder than wrds.
D．Mind yur manners while in a restaurant.
阅读还原
（2022·湖北荆州）阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
___46___ After eating several dishes, I fund myself s full that I culdn’t eat anymre.
___47___ I suddenly felt lighter and enjyed the tasty cake. But wait, why d I always have rm fr dessert?
___48___ What’s yur favrite fd? And wuld yu like t eat it every day? Imagine that yu culd eat yur favrite fd fr tw days in a rw. Sunds gd, desn’t it? Nw, let’s have the fd fr five days, and then ten days. Yu might get tired f this fd.
___49___ Dessert is usually the last dish served. After yu’ve eaten many different kinds f fds, yu gradually begin t lse interest in them. At this pint, a dessert cmes in as a different kind f fd. The nvelty (新颖性) makes yur brain want t try it ut.
___50___ When yu eat dessert, yur brain gives ut dpamine (多巴胺). This chemical will make yu want mre sweet things. S the dpamine “creates” new space fr mre dessert.
Of curse, because desserts are s delicius, we must be careful nt t vereat. T much f anything can be bad fr yur health!
A．T answer this questin, let’s cnsider tw ther nes first.
B．Anther reasn has relatin t a special chemical (化学物质).
C．Last weekend, ur family ate at a restaurant.
D．Then, the ice cream cake came t the table.
E．The same ges fr any nrmal meal.
（2021·湖北荆州）阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
Fr a lng time, it’s been discussed whether students shuld be allwed t watch TV during the week. I am here t say yes. ____51____
After a little bit f careful thinking, parents will realize that watching TV after schl is a gd way fr students t relax. ____52____ We nt nly have mre hmewrk, but als have many ther things t d after schl. There is tutring（课外辅导）, sprts clubs and s n. When we get hme, we are tired. All we really want t d is t give ur brains a break.
____53____ They had few chices. Mst f the prgrams were silly. Tday we usually have ver a hundred prgrams t chse frm. In ne hur, we can learn abut ancient Egypt and planets traveling arund ther stars. TV can be educatinal. ____54____
Lastly, tday’s students use TV watching as a prize fr finishing their hmewrk. Televisin des nt keep us frm ur hmewrk. Instead, it encurages us t d it. ____55____
S, students shuld be allwed t watch TV n schl nights. D yu agree with me?
A．It shws us mre things than textbk can.
B．Parents als remember what TV was like in the ld days.
C．Televisin is nt the enemy, ld ideas are!
D．This is ttally different frm the way ur parents used televisin.
E．Our lives are busier than ur parents’ when they went t schl.
（2020·湖北荆州）Fire has all kinds f uses in ur daily life. Hwever, fire can als be very dangerus. ___56___
When a building catches n fire, getting utside quickly and safely is yur tp chice. ___57___
If yu are in the rm with clsed dr when a fire happens, yu must be very careful befre pening the dr. If yu see smke cming under the dr r if the dr is ht, dn’t pen it. If there is n smke r heat, pen the dr and mve quickly t the nearest exit. As yu mve, stay lw t the grund. ___58___
If yu can’t get ut quickly because fire r smke stps yu, shut fr help. ___59___
It is imprtant t knw what t d in case f a fire, and is als imprtant t practice. ___60___
A．Make sure that yu’re easy t find.
B．D yu knw what t d in case f a fire?
C．That’s why schls have fire practice ften.
D．This way, yu will avid smke alng the way.
E．Never g back int a burning building fr any reasn!
Dear Jasn,Hell! I’m very fat. I want t lse weight. I run five kilmeters every day, but it hasn’t wrked at all. I feel upset. Nw I dn’t knw hw t lse weight. Culd yu help me?
Tina
Dear Tina,In fact, exercise is just ne way t lse weight. Even if yu exercise every day, yu might nt lse weight. That’s because eating healthily is much mre imprtant. After yu exercise, if yu take in lts f fd, especially fds with a lt f prtein（蛋白质）, yu will still put n weight. S pay mre attentin t yur eating. This will help yu lse weight mre easily.
But please ask yurself: D I really need t lse weight? The truth is that everyne has a different bdy type. Big is beautiful, t. Yu’ll find happiness when yu learn t accept yurself fr wh yu are.
Jasn
Sunday
Water activities in the Recreatin Lagn
11 a. m. -2 p. m.
Free
Mnday
Play tennis n the schl playgrund
9 a. m. – 11 a. m.
Free
Tuesday
Arts & crafts wrkshp n the lawn
3 p. m. -5 p. m.
$17 per student
Wednesday
Play beach ball in the Wave Lagn
10 a. m. -3 p. m.
$21 per student
Thursday
Stry-telling n the lawn
4 p. m. -5 p. m.
Free
Friday
Learn guitar n the lawn
9 a. m. -11 a. m.
$20 per student
Saturday
Learn chemistry at the schl lab
2 p. m. -5 p. m.
$15 per student
参考答案：
1．B
2．C
3．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何做笔记。
1．
细节理解题。根据“Yu shuld write key wrds r very shrt sentences.”可知做笔记时你应该写关键词或短句。故选B。
2．
细节理解题。根据“Dn’t take ntes n paper that yu might easily lse. Keep yur ntes in a ntebk.”可知不要在纸上做笔记，否则你会很容易丢失。把笔记记在笔记本上。故选C。
3．
细节理解题。根据“Read yur ntes ften. This will help yu remember them later.”可知要经常阅读笔记，这将帮助你以后记住它们。故选A。
4．D
5．B
6．A
7．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了导盲犬是如何帮助盲人的。
4．
细节理解题。根据“Guide dgs practice t be helpful.”（导盲犬练习帮助他人）以及“But befre this, guide dgs must receive training in many ther areas.”（但在此之前, 导盲犬必须接受许多其他领域的训练）可知，我们可以从第一段知道：导盲犬通过训练学会帮助他人。故选D。
5．
词义猜测题。根据“Since the persn cannt see the branch, it’s up t the dg t let him knw it is there.”可知，此处是指既然这个人看不到树枝，那就由狗来告诉他（树枝）在哪里。所以“it”指的是树枝。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据“If the branch is small the dg may help guide its wner arund it. If it is large, the dg will stp the persn.”可知，如果在主人面前的路上有一根大树枝，导盲犬会阻止它的主人。故选A。
7．
推理判断题。根据“Many peple think a guide dg tells its wner when they can crss the rad. This is nt blind persn and his dg always wrk as a team.”可推断出，盲人和他的导盲犬将决定盲人过马路是否安全。故选C。
8．B
9．C
10．C
11．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述了机器人在很多方面不如人类，并举例说明了对人类很简单，但对机器人来说很难的任务。
8．
细节理解题。根据“if yu drp a pencil n the flr, a rbt will prbably rll it arund the rm.”可知，当一个机器人试图拿起一支铅笔时，机器人可能会滚动铅笔。故选B。
9．
细节理解题。根据“But a rbt will lk everywhere fr a dr, even n ceilings（天花板） and flrs.”可知，机器人会到处搜索，甚至是天花板。故选C。
10．
细节理解题。根据“Scientists have tried teaching rbts cmmn-sense rules.”可知，科学家们试图教机器人一些常识性规则。故选C。
11．
推理判断题。根据“Rbts may seem smart, but they cannt even pick up a chess piece. Let’s take a lk at sme tasks that are easy fr kids but nt fr rbts.”以及“ Scientists have tried teaching rbts cmmn-sense rules. But even huge databases（数据库） dn’t help much. Maybe they need mre time t learn.”可知，机器人很难理解我们的世界。故选D。
12．B
13．C
14．D
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了作者好几次在路上差点被苹果核砸到，把此事告知朋友后朋友建议他以牙还牙，但作者并不想，可能最后会告知校方让校方处理此事。
12．
细节理解题。根据“Surprised, but I felt lucky nt t get hit by it.”可知作者虽然感到很惊讶，但仍觉得没有被砸到这是很幸运的事情。故选B。
13．
细节理解题。根据“I thught abut thse tw times when I had seen apple cres thrwn ver the wall. But suddenly, anther apple cre was thrwn ver with speed!”可知作者一共目睹了三次苹果核从墙那边扔过来。故选C。
14．
推理判断题。划线句子意为“以眼还眼，全世界眼瞎”，也就是“冤冤相报何时了”，再根据“But I dn’t want t play that “game”.”可知作者并不想以其人之道还治其人之身，说明作者并不想用同样的方式来还击。故选D。
15．
推理判断题。根据“Maybe I’ll call the schl and let them knw.”可知作者可能会致电学校并告知校方此事，由此可知校方可能会查明弄清楚此事，并为此制订新规定。故选D。
16．B
17．B
18．C
19．D
20．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是Tina想减肥，Jasn建议Tina除了锻炼之外，还要健康的饮食，同时要确认自己是否真的要减肥，只要接受真正的自己才会发现快乐。
16．
细节理解题。根据本文的格式可知，这是两封信件，故选B。
17．
细节理解题。根据“I run five kilmeters every day”可知，她为了减肥每天跑步，故选B。
18．
细节理解题。根据“I run five kilmeters every day, but it hasn’t wrked at all. I feel upset”可知，Tina因为跑步没有帮助她减肥而感到沮丧，故选C。
19．
细节理解题。根据“S pay mre attentin t yur eating”可知，Jasn认为Tina要多关注饮食，故选D。
20．
细节理解题。根据“Yu’ll find happiness when yu learn t accept yurself fr wh yu are”可知，Jasn最后的建议是要学会接受真正的自己，故选A。
21．D
22．B
23．A
24．C
25．D
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：龙井茶人人皆知，闻名中外，上等龙井茶是由手工制作，而非机器，龙井茶手工制作大师樊生华，用其精湛的制茶工艺征服了众人，并带起徒弟，只为传承中国传统文化。
21．
细节理解题。根据“if nt enugh is remved, the tea will taste bitter”可知，有太多的水，茶叶会变得有点苦，故选D。
22．
词义猜测题。根据“Yu have t tuch the leaves with yur hands t feel hw much water is being remved”可推断，这种传统工艺是指“用手炒茶”这个技术，故选B。
23．
细节理解题。根据“It’s easier, but the quality is nt as gd”可知，用机器制茶更简单，故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据“Fan is nw teaching sme yung men. His sn, a 27-year-ld cllege graduate, is ne f them”可知，他的儿子现在正在学习手工炒茶，故选C。
25．
主旨大意题。本文通过讲述龙井茶的制作和传承来告诉我们，有时候，只有用手才能使事物变得最好，故选D。
26．B
27．D
28．A
29．A
30．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了最新通过的法律《长江保护法》及其主要内容。
26．
主旨大意题。通读第一段可知，本段列举了长江在中国的地位和其流经区域的经济发展情况，凸显了其重要性，故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据原文“It is the first law t prtect a waterway in China”可知，《长江保护法》是中国第一部保护航道的法律。故选D。
28．
细节理解题。根据原文“The mther river is in great need f prtectin because smething is wrng with it”可知，本段介绍了为什么长江急需保护的原因。故选A。
29．
词句猜测题。根据上文“this has led t lwer water levels n the river”可知，挖沙会导致河水水位下降，导致河水量下降消失。故decline此处可用“disappear消失”解释。故选A。
30．
细节理解题。根据原文“fishing will nt be allwed in all f the Yangtze’s natural waterways, including its majr tributaries(支流) and lakes”可知，根据这部《长江保护法》，所有长江天然水域内都不能捕鱼。故选A。
31．C
32．C
33．D
34．B
35．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Newtwn学校十月份的活动安排。
31．
细节理解题。根据表格第六行“Friday…Learn guitar n the lawn…9 a. m. -11 a. m.”可知，如果你想学习吉他，那你星期五上午必须有空。故选C。
32．
细节理解题。根据表格第四行“Wednesday…Play beach ball in the Wave Lagn…10 a. m. -3 p. m.”可知， 在所有的活动中，“沙滩球”持续的时间最长，总计五个小时。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据表格第五行“Stry-telling n the lawn”可知，学生们如果想要听故事，他们应该去草坪。故选D。
34．
细节理解题。根据表格最后一行“Learn chemistry at the schl lab…$15 per student”可知，如果Rse只有16美元，那么她可以去学习化学，只需要15美元，另外三个选项中的活动价格都高于16美元。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据表格副标题“Octber Schl Activities at Newtwn Schl”可知，表格中的所有活动计划于十月为学生举行。故选A。
36．B
37．D
38．C
39．A
40．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，文章强调在不同年龄段学生中开展艰苦奋斗精神教育的重要性，政府近日发布了《指导意见》。学校和父母应该做出一些安排和努力，让学生通过教育掌握基本生活技能和形成好的工作习惯。
36．
细节理解题。根据“The guideline calls fr students t respect wrk”可知，《指导意见》要求学生尊重劳动。故选B。
37．
词句猜测题。根据第三段“The gvernment has been trying t stress the imprtance f hardwrking spirit educatin”可知，this指代的是hardwrking spirit educatin “艰苦奋斗精神教育”。故选D。
38．
段落大意题。根据第四段“nly 22 percent f primary and middle schl students help with everyday chres arund the huse”可知，此段讲述大约有五分之一的学生在家里会帮做家务。故选C。
39．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Primary and middle schls shuld prvide students with hard-wrking spirit classes every week, accrding t the guideline.Schls can als hld activities t give students real-wrld wrk experience.”可知根据指导意见，中小学应该每周为学生提供勤奋精神课程。学校还可以举办活动，让学生获得真实的工作经验，故选A。
40．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As children’s first teachers,parents shuld als encurage children t learn hw t d chres at hme. Students shuld master ne r tw life skills every year”可知父母应教孩子们学习在家里做家务。故选C。
41．B
42．A
43．D
44．C
45．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述餐馆里出现虫子，不同的人对虫子的干扰的不同表现，作者由此受到启发：不是问题本身而是对问题的反应给生活制造了混乱和干扰，作者主要告诉读者在麻烦出现的时候要保持镇定。
41．
推理判断题。根据第二段“then it landed n anther wman in the grup. Nw, it was her turn t cntinue the drama”可知第二位女士和第一位女士一样的表现。故选B。
42．
推理判断题。根据第四段“Drinking my cffee and watching the drama g n, I started wndering”可知事情发生的时候作者在餐馆里。故选A。
43．
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“He slved the prblem perfectly withut any fear. It was nt a bug, but the inability f thse peple t deal with the disturbance caused by the bug that disturbed them”可知作者认为服务员没有任何恐惧的处理好了因为虫子引起的干扰。故选D。
44．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It was nt the traffic jams n the rad but my inability t deal with the disturbances caused by traffic jams that disturbed me”路上的交通堵塞不会干扰到我，而是没能力处理交通堵塞会干扰我，可知当你碰到交通堵塞的时候，不要让堵塞干扰到自己，应该听音乐放松下来。故选C。
45．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It is nt a prblem, but my reactin t the prblem that creates disrders in my life”不是问题本身而是对问题的反应给生活制造了混乱和干扰，可知文章主要告诉读者在麻烦出现的时候要保持镇定。故选B。
46．C
47．D
48．A
49．E
50．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了甜品对饮食的影响。
46．
根据“After eating several dishes, I fund myself s full that I culdn’t eat anymre.”可知，此处说的是一家人吃饭。选项C“上周末，我们一家人在一家餐馆吃饭。”符合语境。故选C。
47．
根据“I suddenly felt lighter and enjyed the tasty cake. But wait, why d I always have rm fr dessert?”可知，此处说的是蛋糕。选项D“然后，冰淇淋蛋糕就上桌了。”符合语境。故选D。
48．
根据“What’s yur favrite fd? And wuld yu like t eat it every day?”可知，此处是列举了两个问题。选项A“要回答这个问题，让我们先考虑另外两个问题。”符合语境。故选A。
49．
根据“Dessert is usually the last dish served. After yu’ve eaten many different kinds f nvelty (新颖性) makes yur brain want t try it ut.”可知，此处是对甜点进行了解释。选项E“任何普通的饭菜也是如此。”符合语境。故选E。
50．
根据“When yu eat dessert, yur brain gives ut dpamine (多巴胺). This chemical will make yu want mre sweet things.”可知，此处说的是化学物质。选项B“另一个原因与一种特殊的化学物质有关。”符合语境。故选B。
51．C
52．E
53．B
54．A
55．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讨论了学生是否应该被允许看电视的问题，就此作者阐述了自己的观点。
51．
根据“…I am here t say yes”可知，此处应发表作者的观点，C选项“电视不是敌人，旧思想才是”符合，故选C。
52．
根据“We nt nly have mre hmewrk, but als have many ther things t d after schl”可知，此处应描述学生的生活更加忙碌，E选项“我们的生活比我们的父母上学时还要忙碌”符合，故选E。
53．
根据“They had few chices. Mst f the prgrams were silly. Tday we usually have ver a hundred prgrams t chse frm”可知，此处应描述与过去的电视节目有关的内容，B选项“父母们还记得过去的电视是什么样的”符合，故选B。
54．
根据“TV can be educatinal.”可知，此处应介绍电视的好处，A选项“它向我们展示了比教科书更多的东西”符合，故选A。
55．
根据“Lastly, tday’s students use TV watching as a prize fr finishing their hmewrk. Televisin des nt keep us frm ur hmewrk”可知，此处讲述的是与如今学生们看电视的用途相关的内容，D选项“这和我们的父母使用电视的方式完全不同”符合，故选D。
56．B
57．E
58．D
59．A
60．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章讲述发生火灾的时候，需要怎样做才能保证人的安全。
56．
根据“When a building catches n fire, getting utside quickly and safely is yur tp chice”可知后文讲述火灾发生时需要做的事情，此处在询问读者是否知道火灾发生时要做什么，B选项 “D yu knw what t d in case f a fire发生火灾时你知道做什么吗”符合，故选B。
57．
根据“When a building catches n fire, getting utside quickly and safely is yur tp chice”可知此处讲述的是大楼起火的时候首选是要迅速安全地跑出去，E选项“Never g back int a burning building fr any reasn无论什么理由都不要返回燃烧着的大楼”符合。故选E。
58．
根据“If there is n smke r heat, pen the dr and mve quickly t the nearest exit. As yu mve, stay lw t the grund”如果没有烟或热量，打开门迅速移动到最近的出口，移动时贴着地面移动，可知此处讲述这样做的原因。可知D选项“This way, yu will avid smke alng the way这样的话，你就可以避免沿路的烟”符合，故选D。
59．
根据“If yu can’t get ut quickly because fire r smke stps yu, shut fr help”可知因为火或者烟阻止了你，如果你没有迅速跑出去，要大声求救，A选项“Make sure that yu’re easy t find确保你很容易被人发现”符合，故选A。
60．
根据“It is imprtant t knw what t d in case f a fire, and is als imprtant t practice”火灾发生的时候知道怎么样很重要，演习也很重要，此处与演习有关，C选项“That’s why schls have fire practice ften那就是为什么学校经常有火灾演习的缘故”，故选C。