2021-2022学年广东省重点中学高二下学期第二次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年广东省重点中学高二下学期第二次月考英语试题含解析，共34页。试卷主要包含了语法选择，阅读理解，语言知识应用等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年广东省重点中学高二下学期第二次月考英语试题
本试卷共12页，81小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
第I卷（共95分）
一、语法选择（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请从1—15题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出正确的一项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects the people are still suffering.
A. that B. whose
C. those D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪水袭击， 人们现在依然在遭受它带来的影响。本句考查非限制性定语从句的引导词，whose代替先行词floods在定语从句中作effects的定语。故选B。
2. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction____she had come.
A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和定语从句。句意：我看见一个女人在黑暗中向我跑来。 我还没来得及认出她是谁，她就朝她来的方向跑回去了。关系代词直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which，而which的先行词是direction ­­­，且又因是come from，所以是from which。故选D。
3. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ________ wanted to buy it.
A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】本题考查代词和定语从句。解题步骤：1. 确定代词：two people已经给出范围，所以只能用neither。2. 确定从句：从空格处到句末，此处为定语从句，应用关系代词引导，指人，关系代词要用whom。句意：上个星期，只有两个人来看房子，谁也不想买。综上，故选D。
4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases___beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
A. which B. as
C. why D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者不能正确使用这门语言的情况。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为抽象地点名词cases，引导词在句中做地点状语，所以用where引导。故选D项。
5. The reason ________ he was late was that his car broke down on the way.
A. that B. which C. how D. why
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是他的小车在来的路上抛锚了。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词reason在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故选D。
6. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.
A. had been trapped B. has been trapped C. been trapped D. were trapped
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名在山里被困了两天的游客。who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词two tourists，由句意可知，游客“被困”发生在“被救”之前，risked为一般过去时，表示在过去的动作之前发生的动作，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时，two tourists和trap之间为被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选A。
7. Such a bad habit should ________.
A. be got rid of B. be got rid C. get rid of D. get rid
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和被动语态。句意：这样的坏习惯应该被摒弃。结合句意表达“摆脱，除去”应用get rid of，主语habit和get rid of之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且上文有情态动词should，此处应用be got rid of。故选A。
8. The new mobile phones ________, because they ________.
A. sell out, are sold well B. were sold out, sell well
C. were sold out, were sold D. sell out, sell well
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和语态。句意：新移动手机卖完了，因为它们很好卖。sell out“卖完”，sell well“好卖，卖得好”；结合句意，第一空表示“卖完”应用sell out，它和主语phones之间为被动关系，且陈述过去的动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态；第二空表示“好卖”应用sell well，“卖得好”是这款手机的特点，并没有强调动作，故用主动表被动。故选B。
9. It is said that pandas ________ in our country year after year.
A. are being disappeared B. are disappearing
C. will be disappeared D. will disappear
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：据说我们国家的熊猫在逐年消失。pandas和disappear之间是主动关系，排除AC，根据句意可知，表示正在逐年消失，所以本句为现在进行时。故选B项。
10. The young man is unhappy recently because he ________ to give his wife money.
A. is always being asked B. is always asking
C. has always been asked D. has always been asking
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这个年轻人最近不太开心，因为他总被要求给妻子钱。由语意可知，“给妻子钱”是经常发生的事情，句子含有不满情绪，所以需用现在进行时。又因为从句主语he是第三人称单数，所以从句谓语也要用单数形式。he和动词ask是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处谓语动词需用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A项。
11. The man pulled out a gold watch,_____were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of D. the hands of which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个人取下一只金表，这只表的指针是由小的砖石做的。本题定语从句的先行词是a gold watch，在定语从句中which指代先行词作为介词of的宾语。关系词whom的先行词只能是人，C项的位置错误。故D正确。
点评：解答定语从句的关键是分析句子成分，如果定语从句的句子成分很完整就使用关系副词；如果句子缺少主语，宾语，表语或者定语的时候就使用关系代词。同时也要注意一些关系词的特殊用法，尤其是that的特殊用法，既要注意普遍性，也要注意特殊性。特别关注：Whose是关系词中唯一的一个可以放在名词前面做定语的关系代词，如果缺少定语，用whose引导定语从句，或是of which the+名词/the+名词+of which。要特别注意which引导非限制性短语从句的用法。
12. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, ________ there won’t be much work.
A. where B. beyond which C. by which D. without which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：这里的村民以渔业为生，没有了渔业就不会有太多的工作。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子应为非限制性定语从句，对主句内容进行补充，关系代词which指代先行词fishing industry，结合句意，村民离开了渔业就无以为生，所以用介词without。故选D项。
13. -------Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?
------You should try the barber’s _______I go. It’s only 15.
A. as B. which C. where D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：---你相信我理发花了30美元吗？---你可以试试我去的那个理发馆。才15美元。the barber’s 为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故选C。
14. The settlement is home to nearly l, 000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A. whom B. which C. them D. those
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个定居点居住着近1000人，其中许多人为了在城市过上更好的生活而离开了他们的乡村家园。本句的先行词是1000 people，先行词在从句中作为of的宾语，而且指人，所以使用whom。故选A。
15. The result means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ________.
A. is constructed B. constructs C. is constructing D. be constructed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这个结果意味着我们有机会获得关于月球构造的信息。the moon与construct之间是被动关系，且为客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。
二、阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
TGBWP(the Great Books Winter Program) is an experience like no other in American education. For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other literary-minded students.
Here is a sample of what you will get at Great Books:
Membership in an international community of enthusiastic young learners and distinguished college teachers who read and discuss great books and big ideas. You will discuss the likes of Plato, Mark Twain, Dickens, and Tolstoy with other teens from around the globe who love literature just as much as you do!
Find your voice in the classroom. TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college. Open discussions encourage students to express themselves and give power to their ideas. Students gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both orally and in writing.
Experience time away from home and spend it at a top college -- choose from two campus settings: Amherst College in Massachusetts and Stanford University in California. This is the perfect opportunity to preview life on a college campus!
Don’t miss this opportunity to join students from 47 states and 28 countries in this unique learning environment.
Categories
Reading/Writing Arts/Photography/Film Music/Singing/
Dancing Travel/ Touring Academic/Pre-College
Ages
11-18
Type
Overnight/Residential
More information: CLICK HERE
16. What do we know about TGBWP?
A. A course on literacy skills improvement.
B. An education department of universities.
C A camp suitable for teen literature lovers.
D. A program of studying American literature.
17. What does TGBWP offer its participants according to the text?
A. College-level evaluation in literature.
B. Admissions to world famous universities.
C. Free literature courses and literature works.
D. Chances to experience college life beforehand.
18. Suppose this text is an Ad, what else must be included in “More information”?
A. Contact information. B. Membership benefits.
C. Registration requirements. D. Activity arrangements.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告。介绍了TGBWP冬令营活动的有关信息。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other literary-minded students.(在过去的十一年里，TGBWP聚集了来自世界各地的优秀中学生，阅读最伟大的文学作品，体验大学水平的讲座，参与生动的讨论，并与其他有文学头脑的学生一起享受冬令营的乐趣。)因此推断，TGBWP是适合青少年文学爱好者的营地。 故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选D。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中的表格可知，表格中包括了活动安排；注册学员的年龄等，因此推断如果是广告，进一步的信息应该是联系方式。B项的会员福利不是广告的必要内容。故选A。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第2小题，属于细节理解题。根据第四段的TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选D。
B
Without sharp reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, climate change threatens future Winter Olympic Games because their locations would be too warm to host the events, a new study has found.
If the world’s high emissions continue their trend, by the 2080s all but one of the 21 cities that previously hosted the Winter Games - Sapporo, Japan - would not be able to do so again. Among them, 6 cities would be considered “marginal” while 14 would even be seen “unreliable”— meaning the right conditions for snow and athlete safety cannot be met.
But that won’t necessarily happen if the world takes urgent action and follows the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, according to Daniel Scott, the lead researcher for the University of Waterloo’s report. Under that deal, nearly 200 countries agreed to greatly cut their collective greenhouse emissions.
Athletes and coaches surveyed by the researchers said they re already seeing the effect climate change has on their sports. “Some of the coaches that did the survey have been coaches in the sport for 30 years,” Scott said. “They’ve traveled the world, back to the same competitions, and they’ve seen that certain competitions don’t happen, as regularly or uninterruptedly as they used to because of warmer temperatures.”
The Summer Olympics are also feeling the effects of climate change. Tokyo’s Olympic and Paralympic Games are likely one of—if not—the hottest and most humid Games on record. Daily temperatures reached 80F high with high humidity (湿度) that could make it feel like 100°F.
But winter sports seem more strongly influenced by the impact of a warmer world. During the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, skiers were overheating in the same way a marathon runner would at nearly 90F weather. Due to the great impact, the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year altogether in order to accommodate higher temperatures.
19. What does the underlined word “marginal” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Almost unqualified.
B. Pretty satisfactory.
C. Rather unpopular.
D. Quite suitable.
20. Why are Tokyo’s Olympics mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A. To show the spirit of the Olympics.
B. To stress the impact of climate change.
C. To reveal the cause of warmer climate.
D. To compare summer and winter Olympics
21. What is the author’s attitude to the finding of the study?
A. Conservative.
B. Tolerant.
C. Optimistic.
D. Concerned.
22. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Global climate changes.
B. Greenhouse gas emissions.
C. The Winter Olympics crisis.
D. The future Olympic Games.
【答案】19. A 20. B 21. D 22. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过一项研究介绍了全球变暖会对冬奥会产生的负面影响。
【19题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“If the world‘s high emissions continue their trend, by the 2080s all but one of the 21 cities that previously hosted the Winter Games- Sapporo, Japan- would not be able to do so again. Among them, 6 cities would be considered “marginal”while 14 would even be seen “unreliable”— meaning the right conditions for snow and athlete safety cannot be met.(如果世界高排放的趋势继续下去，到2080年，之前举办冬奥会的21个城市——日本札幌除外，其他所有城市都将无法再次举办冬奥会。其中，6个城市将被视为“marginal”，14个城市甚至被视为“不可靠”——这意味着无法满足雪和运动员安全的适当条件)”可知，由于温室气体的排放量逐年上升，之前举办过冬季奥运会城市中有14个被视为“不可靠”，由此推知其中6个也不适合举办冬季奥运会，只是程度没有unreliable深。由此推知划线词意为“几乎没有资格，几乎不合格”。故选A。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Athletes and coaches surveyed by the researchers said they re already seeing the effect climate change has on their sports. (接受研究人员调查的运动员和教练表示，他们已经看到了气候变化对他们运动的影响)”和第五段的“The Summer Olympics are also feeling the effects of climate change. Tokyo’s Olympic and Paralympic Games are likely one of—if not—the hottest and most humid Games on record.(夏季奥运会也感受到了气候变化的影响。东京奥运会和残奥会可能是有史以来最热、最潮湿的奥运会之一，如果不是的话)”推知，第五段提到东京夏季奥运用是为了强调其后变化的影响。故选B。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Due to the great impact, the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year altogether in order to accommodate higher temperatures. (由于这种巨大的影响，这项研究让我们担心，为了适应更高的温度，户外比赛可能不得不转移到室内或在一年中的不同时间举行)”推知，作者对研究的发现表示担忧。故选D。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Without sharp reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, climate change threatens future Winter Olympic Games because their locations would be too warm to host the events, a new study has found. (一项新的研究发现，如果不大幅减少温室气体排放，气候变化将威胁到未来的冬奥会，因为冬奥会举办地将过于温暖)”和最后一段的“Due to the great impact, the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year altogether in order to accommodate higher temperatures. (由于这种巨大的影响，这项研究让我们担心，为了适应更高的温度，户外比赛可能不得不转移到室内或在一年中的不同时间举行)”可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化对冬季奥运会的负面影响，即冬季奥运会面临危机。故选C。
C
I have an entrepreneur friend, Arthur, who always wears a suit. I take the mick that I’ve never seen him in casual clothes and his response is: "The suit is the uniform of business." But in my business, the uniform has often been torn jeans and glitter or computer programmer T-shirts. Either way, work clothing can be flexible, as long as it’s appropriate. At WAH Nails, many of the team say that one of the special benefits is that they don’t have to suppress(抑制) their identity at work. But when we opened in a new location, I thought we needed a uniform to make the nail artists easily identifiable. In the team meeting showing potential branded T-shirts, one of the artists, Holli, said sheepishly: "But when I’m wearing a plain black logo T-shirt, I just don’t feel my ‘Stylebrat’ self." (Stylebrat is her Instagram name.) She was right. We hired women with unique taste, so why was I trying to turn them into a homogenous(同类) worker army? We got rid of the shirts and everyone was relieved.
On the other hand, without a uniform or loose dress code, I personally struggle to keep the style bar high every day. I love going into offices where I see that the founder has a distinct style that has moved slowly down to the team. In the fashion industry especially, this appropriation of crew style shows harmonious, which is essential for business success. Work clothing can unite you in your goals. It also removes distraction.
I have no hesitation wearing the same(clean) outfit two days in a row. I’d say my look is Busy Working Style Mom, mixing sportswear with suiting. I have 10 black jackets that I pair with one of 20 blue Zara jeans. Sometimes you’re just there to get the job done, not to worry a lot about your appearance.
23. What is the clothing style of the staff at WAH Nails?
A. It is formal. B. It is fashionable.
C It is characteristic. D. It is traditional.
24. What does the paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. A style loved by all workers in a company.
B. The benefits of wearing a uniform in work.
C. The importance of the founders’ taste in fashion.
D. The importance of a friendly atmosphere in business.
25. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?
A Women should have their own style.
B. Workers can wear jeans instead of dresses.
C. People can wear the same clothes for several days.
D. People should not care too much about their appearance.
26. Who may the text be intended for?
A. Artists. B. Computer programmers.
C. Working staff. D. Women teachers.
【答案】23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者就上班时人们究竟该如何穿着这一话题给出了她自己的看法：不要过于在意自己的外表，把工作做好才是关键。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的" We hired women with unique taste, so why was I trying to turn them into a homogenous(同类的) worker army?"可知，我们雇佣了有独特品味的女性，所以我为什么要把她们变成同质的工人大军？由此可知，WAH Nails 的工装风格是有特色的，故C项正确。
【24题详解】
段落大意题。根据第二段内容，特别是“Work clothing can unite you in your goals. It also removes distraction.”可知，工装能让你们在目标上团结一致，还能消除干扰，由此可知，本段主要介绍了穿工装的好处，故B项正确。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sometimes you’re just there to get the job done, not to worry a lot about your appearance.”可知，有时候你在那只是为了完成工作，而不是太在意自己的外表，由此可知作者建议人们不必太在意自己的外表，故D项正确。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知本文主要讨论工作时应该如何着装的问题，由此可知文章的目标读者应该是是上班族，故C项正确。
【点睛】关于目标读者的推理判断题难度较大，需要根据文章内容来判断，通读全文可知本文主要讨论的是工作时应该如何着装的问题，由此可知文章的目标读者应该是上班族。
D
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t
even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.
27. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A. Addiction to smartphones.
B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service.
28. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?
A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people.
C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals.
29. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?
A. It improves family relationships. B. It raises people’s confidence.
C. It matters as much as a formal talk. D. It makes people feel good.
30. What is the best title for the text?
A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk
C. Benefits of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共场合或沉迷于智能手机，或与不舒服的沉默抗争，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的，闲聊是人际关系社会交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好处。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。题干问的是：第一段描述了什么现象。在公共场合（比如在电梯里，在银行排队，或在飞机上）人们深深地专注于他们的智能手机，或者更糟糕的是，与不舒服的沉默抗争。有此可知，陌生人之间缺乏沟通。A项意为：沉迷于智能手机。B项意为：在公共场所不适当的行为。C项意为：陌生人之间缺乏沟通。D项意为：对缓慢的服务不耐烦。故选C项。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。题干问得是对于Carducci来说，成功的闲聊中重要的是什么。根据第三段最后一句“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them”（成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他们交流，而不仅仅是与他们沟通。）由此推断C符合题意。A项意为：表现出良好的礼貌。B项意为：与他人有关的。C项意为：专注于一个话题。D项意为：做商业交易。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。题干问的是：咖啡店的研究对闲聊有什么建议。根据第四段的调查结果可知，那些与服务员聊天的人，有显著的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。由此可知，D项符合题意。A项意为：闲聊改善了家庭关系。B项意为：闲聊提高了人们的信心。C项意为：闲聊和正式谈话一样重要。D项意为：闲聊让人感觉很好。故选D项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。整篇文章刚开始介绍了社会的现象（公共场合人们沉迷于智能手机，陌生人之间缺乏沟通交流），接着分析了这一问题的原因，接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究，最后得出结论，闲聊都有什么样的好处。A项意为：谈话很重要。B项意为：闲聊的方法。C项意为：闲聊的好处。D项意为：不舒服的沉默。故选C项。
【点睛】我们在做阅读理解时，尽量找出每段的主讲内容（可能是一句话或是一个短语），这样有利于整篇文章的把握，有利于做文章大意题。如35题，很显然本文讲的不是重要性也不是方法更不是沉默，所以ABD都可以轻松排除。
第二节 短文填空（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
At the start of your career, it can feel like a Catch-22 situation: You can’t get hired without experience, but you can’t get experience without being hired. ____31____ Luck certainly plays a part and personal connections can be hugely valuable, but what else can you do?
Target realistic roles. If you don't have relevant experience in your chosen field, you’ll have to apply for roles right at the bottom of the ladder and work your way up— ____32____ They can both be character building and a great way to develop a knowledge of the role. That will give you a head start as you work your way up through the organization.
Emphasize the skills you do have. Don't get hung up on the experience you don’t have. ____33____ Soft skills such as communication, and team working are highly valued by all sorts of employers. If you lack experience in your chosen field, then it’s important to acknowledge that, but use it as an opportunity to demonstrate your passion for the role and your motivation to learn.
____34____ Some industries are so competitive that, even to get an entry-level position, you might have to consider working for free. Volunteering and internships (实习) are excellent opportunities to gain first-hand knowledge of a job and build useful contacts that could lead to a paid position.
Stay busy and resilient (有韧性的) . Trying to find a job with little or no experience isn't easy, and yet it’s something everyone has gone through. ____35____ However, by volunteering, participating in community activities, being social and getting out in the world, opportunities will present themselves and you will find the right role for you.
A. Look for work experience.
B. Seek jobs with no experience needed.
C. How does an employer decide on whom to interview?
D. So, what is the key to getting jobs with no experience?
E. It’s all too easy to take the rejection personally and quit.
F. There’s certainly no shame in targeting entry-level and junior roles.
G. Instead, focus your application on the skills that make you a great ft for the role.
【答案】31. D 32. F 33. G 34. A 35. E
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。作者介绍了求职者会遇到像第二十二条军规那样的尴尬状况，针对这个问题，作者提出了几个建设性的意见。
【31题详解】
上文“At the start of your career, it can feel like a Catch-22 situation: You can’t get hired without experience, but you can’t get experience without being hired (在你的职业生涯开始的时候，你可能会感觉像一个第二十二条军规：没有经验你就不能被录用，但是没有被录用你就不能获得经验。)”；D项“So, what is the key to getting jobs with no experience? (那么，在没有经验的情况下找到工作的关键是什么呢？)”，根据此处的连词so可知，上文中提出求职中的尴尬状况，D项与上文之间为顺接关系，点明了文章的主题：没有工作经历的情况下，找到工作的关键是什么？故选D项。
【32题详解】
本段主题句为“Target realistic roles.(把现实可行的角色作为目标)”，上文“If you don’t have relevant experience in your chosen field, you’ll have to apply for roles right at the bottom of the ladder and work your way up— (如果你在你选择的领域没有相关经验，你就必须申请职位阶梯的最底层，然后一步步往上爬)”，F项“There’s certainly no shame in targeting entry-level and junior roles. (瞄准初级和较低的职位当然没有什么可耻的。)”，下文“They can both be character building and a great way to develop a knowledge of the role. (它们既可以塑造性格，也可以培养对角色的了解。)”；根据设空处前的破折号和F项中的“certainly”，此处F项与下文是对上文的解释，是一种认同的态度。故选F项。
【33题详解】
本段主题句为“Emphasize the skills you do have. (强调你拥有的技能)”；上文“Don’t get hung up on the experience you don't have. (不要执着于你没有的经历。)”，G项“Instead, focus your application on the skills that make you a great fit for the role .(相反，把你的申请集中在使你非常适合这个职位的技能上。)”，上文和G项是对主题句的诠释和具体做法，语意连贯顺畅。故选G项。
【34题详解】
此处考查主题句。根据下文“Some industries are so competitive that, even to get an entry-level position, you might have to consider working for free. Volunteering and internships (实习) are excellent opportunities to gain first-hand knowledge of a job and build useful contacts that could lead to a paid position. (有些行业的竞争非常激烈，即使是为了得到一个初级职位，你也可能不得不考虑免费工作。志愿服务和实习是获得工作第一手知识和建立有用的关系的绝佳机会，这可能会带来一份有报酬的工作。)”，此处表明：求职者可以先通过志愿服务、实习来获得工作经验。A项“Look for work experience.(寻找工作经验。)”，与下文语意一致，连接顺畅。故选A项。
【35题详解】
本段主题句为“Stay busy and resilient (有韧性的)(保持忙碌和坚韧性)”，上文“Trying to find a job with little or no experience isn’t easy, and yet it’s something everyone has gone through. (想要在几乎没有工作经验的情况下找到一份工作并不容易，但这是每个人都经历过的。)”，E项“It’s all too easy to take the rejection personally and quit.(人们很容易把拒绝当成是针对自己的，然后放弃。)”表明：没有工作经验的情况下去找工作，不容易，E项解释了人们在找不到工作时的一种常见的做法，语意衔接连贯。故选E项。
三、语言知识应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At 111, Dr Edith Kaufmann was the second oldest person in the UK. I met her when I ____36____ at a care home for the elderly in London six years ago. I didn’t realize it would be the start of a close ____37____, where the age gap spanned eight decade.
At first sight, I was ____38____ by her self-confidence. Her doctorate (博士学位) told me she was intelligent an ____39____. From the beginning, I never felt as if Edith and I ____40____ conversation. Edith could have a full conversation with me about anything, and that her memory stretched back so easily, ____41____ even small things which took place 100 years ago.
She was also ____42____. She loved dancing as a child and I recall, only a few weeks before her death, ____43____ she smiled when I played the waltz and we ____44____ hands and danced along to the music. Although towards her later years she was ____45____ to a wheelchair, she still participated in the exercise classes.
As I ____46____ Edith each week, I realized that I was going as much for me as I was for her. I learnt to take the words of ____47____ when I could get them. When I have ____48____ over the years, and small decisions have weighed on my mind, I have ____49____ nothing more than the opportunity to regain my perspective (视角) on life and what actually ____50____.
36. A. studied B. relaxed C. volunteered D. lectured
37. A. cooperation B. friendship C. attention D. encounter
38. A. upset B. embarrassed C. stressed D. struck
39. A. helpful B. kind C. bossy D. sharp
40. A. lacked B. enjoyed C. needed D. started
41. A. explaining B. confusing C. forgetting D. recalling
42. A. artistic B. literary C. active D. capable
43. A. how B. why C. what D. when
44. A. shook B. held C. raised D. clapped
45. A. restricted B. devoted C. addicted D. introduced
46 A. missed B. visited C. called D. pushed
47. A. praise B. greeting C. wisdom D. thanks
48. A. succeeded B. failed C. dreamed D. progressed
49. A. appreciated B. provided C. expected D. created
50. A. differs B. matters C. exists D. happens
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. A 41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与伊迪丝·考夫曼博士成为朋友的故事，在作者与伊迪丝·考夫曼博士的友谊中，知道了什么才是最重要的，作者重新审视了自己的人生观，知道了真正重要的东西。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：六年前，我在伦敦一家养老院做志愿者时认识了她。A. studied研究，学习；B. relaxed放松；C. volunteered志愿；D. lectured演讲。根据“care home(养老院)”和下文“she smiled when I played the waltz”可知，作者在养老院做志愿工作，故选C。

【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到这将是一段亲密友谊的开始，年龄差距跨越了80年。A. cooperation合作；B. friendship友谊；C. attention注意力；D. encounter柜台。根据本句提到作者与伊迪丝之间有80岁得年龄差，结合下文“I never felt as if Edith and I 　5　 conversation. Edith could have a full conversation with me about anything, (从一开始，我就不觉得我和伊迪丝缺乏交谈。)”可知，作者与伊迪丝无话不谈，发展了一段亲密友谊，所以此处表示作者没有意识到她们直接会发展成一段亲密友谊，故选B。

【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一眼看到她，我就被她的自信打动了。A. upset使……难过；B. embarrassed使尴尬；C. stressed强调；D. struck引起（强烈感情）；打。根据下一句“Her doctorate (博士学位) told me she was intelligent and 　　4　　.”可知，伊迪丝很聪明，可以和作者畅谈任何事情，所以作者很欣赏伊迪丝，被她的自信打动，be stuck by表示“被……打动”。故选D。

【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的博士学位告诉我她既聪明又敏锐。A. helpful有帮助的；B. kind善良的；C. bossy专横的；D. sharp敏锐的，尖锐的。根据“博士学位”和“intelligent(聪明)”可知，此处应选择“敏锐”与intelligent(聪明)并列，说明伊迪丝的优点，聪明又敏锐。故选D。

【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一开始，我就不觉得我和伊迪丝缺乏交谈。A. lacked缺乏；B. enjoyed 享受；C. needed需要；D. started开始。根据下文“Edith could have a full conversation with me about anything,”可知，作者与伊迪丝无话不谈，所以作者觉得和伊迪丝之间并不缺乏交谈，故选A。

【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊迪丝可以和我畅谈任何事情，她的记忆可以很轻易地回忆起过去的事，即使是发生在100年前的小事。A. explaining解释；B. confusing使困惑；C. forgetting忘记；D. recalling重播，回忆。根据下文“even small things which took place 100 years ago(100年前的小事)”可知，伊迪丝的记忆力很好，能回忆起来100年前的小事，故选D。

【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还很活跃。A. artistic艺术的；B. literary文学的；C. active活跃的；D. capable有能力的。根据下文“She loved dancing as a child (她小时候喜欢跳舞)”和“Although towards her later years she was 　　10　　 to a wheelchair, she still participated in the exercise classes.”可知，她很活跃，故选C。

【43题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：她小时候喜欢跳舞，就在她去世前的几个星期，当我弹华尔兹时，我还记得她微笑着，多么高兴，我们手拉着手，随着音乐起舞。A. how多么（强调程度）；B. why为什么；C. what什么；D. when何时。根据下文“she smiled when I played the waltz ”可知，伊迪丝喜欢跳舞，所以作者记得她在跳舞时微笑着，是多么高兴，此处how表示程度，强调她很高兴，故选A。

【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她小时候喜欢跳舞，就在她去世前的几个星期，当我弹华尔兹时，我还记得她微笑着，多么高兴，我们手拉着手，随着音乐起舞。A. shook摇；B. held举办，拿着；C. raised上升，筹集，养育；D. clapped鼓掌，拍手。根据下文“hands and danced along to the music.”可知，随音乐起舞，即手拉着手一起舞蹈，hold hands(手拉手)，故选B。

【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管晚年她只能坐在轮椅上，但她仍然参加健身班。A. restricted受限；限制（活动或行为）；B. devoted投身于，致力于；C. addicted使上瘾；使沉迷；D. introduced介绍，引入。根据下文“to a wheelchair(轮椅)”可知，她晚年坐在轮椅上，所以说她受限于轮椅上，故选A。

【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我每周都去看伊迪丝时，我意识到我是为了我自己，也是为了她。A. missed迷失，错过，想念；B. visited看望，参观；C. called呼叫，称作；D. pushed推。根据下文“Edith each week”和全文可知，作者在伊迪丝所在的养老院做志愿者并且与她成为了朋友，所以应是每周去看望她，故选B。

【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了在可能的时候接受智慧之言。A. praise表扬；B. greeting问候；C. wisdom智慧；D. thanks感谢。根据上文“I learnt to take the words of ”和下文“When I have 　13　 over the years, and small decisions have weighed on my mind, I have 　　14　　 nothing more than the opportunity to regain my perspective (视角) on life and what actually 　　15　　.”可知，作者在与伊迪丝的友谊中，知道了生活中什么是最重要的，开始审视自己的人生观，和真正重要的东西，所以作者学会了接受“智慧之言”，故选C。

【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，当我失败时，当一些小的决定压在我的心头时，我最感激的就是有机会重新审视我的生活，重新认识到什么才是真正重要的。A. succeeded成功；B. failed失败；C. dreamed做梦；D. progressed进步；进展。根据句中提到有机会重新审视自己的生活，结合并列句“and small decisions have weighed on my mind(当一些小的决定压在我的心头时)”可知，此处应表达的是“当我失败时”，故选B。

【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，当我失败时，当一些小的决定压在我的心头时，我最感激的就是有机会重新审视我的生活，重新认识到什么才是真正重要的。A. appreciated欣赏，感激；B. provided提供；C. expected期待；D. created创造。根据下文“nothing more than the opportunity to regain my perspective (视角) on life and”和全文内容可知，作者在与伊迪丝的友谊中，知道了生活中什么是最重要的，开始审视自己的人生观和真正重要的东西，所以在失败时和需要做决定时，作者对此很感激，故选A。

【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，当我失败时，当一些小的决定压在我的心头时，我最感激的就是有机会重新审视我的生活，重新认识到什么才是真正重要的。A. differs不同于；B. matters影响，重要；C. exists存在；D. happens发生。根据上文“nothing more than the opportunity to regain my perspective (视角) on life and what actually”和全文内容可知，作者开始重新审视自己的生活，所以知道什么才是真正重要的，故选B。

第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Humblebragging, a new word created by Harris Wittels, a comedic writer, refers to “a specific type of boast (吹嘘) that allows the speaker to broadcast their achievements ____51____ the necessary shame and guilt normally accompanying such claims.” In simpler terms, it’s a way to disguise (伪装) a boast with some humility. ____52____ it’s body image, money, or fame, humblebragging is finding ____53____ (it) way into our lives more frequently than before, thanks to social media.
A recent study, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, shows that people choose to humblebrag as an attempt ____54____ (impress) others. We often rely on this strategy to enhance our self presentation and ____55____ (ultimate) to have others respect us and view us in a more positive light. While we do need to rely on quite a bit of self-promotion to make others aware of our competences, humblebraggers are known for ____56____ (mix) self-promotion with humility or complaint.
The results in this study show that people perceive humblebragging not only as insincere, but less ____57____ (effect) than just straightforward boasting or complaining. According to this study, people who rely on this strategy do so to gain more popularity and respect from others. However, in ____58____ (real), they cause the complete opposite from recipients. What to do? The authors of the study conclude with the following statement, “____59____ (face) with the choice to honestly boast or humblebrag, self-promoters should choose _____60_____ former, and at least obtain the rewards of seeming sincere.”
【答案】51. without
52. Whether
53. its 54. to impress
55. ultimately
56. mixing 57. effective
58. reality
59. Faced 60. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中可能遇到的会谦虚地自夸的人，文章分析了这种人的特征，并认为这种人反而不会得到别人的好感。
【51题详解】
考查介词。句意：Humblebragging是喜剧作家Harris Wittels创造的新词，指的是“一种特定类型的自夸，可以让说话者宣扬自己的成就，而不会产生通常伴随这种说法而来的羞愧和内疚。”根据下文的“it’s a way to disguise (伪装) a boast with some humility.”可知，说话者是没有内疚感的，所以用介词without，表示“没有”。故填without。
【52题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：无论是身体形象、金钱还是名誉，谦逊的自夸比以前更频繁地进入我们的生活，这都要归功于社交媒体。本空为让步状语从句的连接词，根据下文的or可知，填whether。构成短语：whether…or…无论……还是……，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。
【53题详解】
考查代词。句意：无论是身体形象、金钱还是名誉，谦逊的自夸比以前更频繁地进入我们的生活，这都要归功于社交媒体。固定短语：find one’s way到达、进入，此处代指humblebragging’s，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【54题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最近发表在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上的一项研究表明，人们选择谦虚自夸是为了给别人留下深刻印象。短语：an attempt to do sth.试图做某事，用不定式作后置定语。故填to impress。
【55题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们经常依靠这种策略来提升自我表现，最终让别人尊重我们，以更积极的眼光看待我们。考修饰整个句子，用副词形式作状语。故填ultimately。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然我们确实需要依靠相当多的自我推销来让别人意识到我们的能力，但谦虚自夸者以将自我推销与谦虚或抱怨混合在一起而闻名。介词之后用v-ing形式担当宾语。故填mixing。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这项研究的结果表明，人们认为谦虚的自夸不仅是不真诚的，而且比直接自夸或抱怨效果更差。根据not only…but also…可知，空处词性和insincere一致，为形容词。故填effective。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然而，在现实中，他们成了完全相反的接受者。固定短语：in reality事实上。故填reality。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在面对诚实自夸和谦虚自夸的选择时，自我推销者应该选择前者，并且至少获得看起来真诚的回报。be faced with面临、面对，face和主句主语self-promoters之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作状语。出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Faced。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在面对诚实自夸和谦虚自夸的选择时，自我推销者应该选择前者，并且至少获得看起来真诚的回报。固定搭配：the former前者的，为特指。故填the。
第Ⅱ卷（共55分）
一、单词填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
根据句意及首字母或者汉语提示，写出所缺单词的适当形式，一空一词。（必须使用选修性必修第三册第五单元至第四测第一单元单词表内短语的适当形式填空）
61. We were not able to meet the d________ due to the delay of manufacturing a key component. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】deadline##eadline
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们没能赶上最后期限是因为一个关键部件的制造延期了。此处缺少名词作动词meet的宾语，根据首字母提示和句意“最后期限”可知是deadline，此处为单数概念，故填deadline。
62. D________ is a kind of elemental carbon that has very high hardness. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Diamond##iamond
【解析】
【详解】考查名词单数。句意：钻石是一种碳元素，具有非常高的硬度。系动词is是单数形式，所以主语需用单数形式，并根据单词首字母以及句意“钻石”可知，应填名词diamond的单数形式。句首字母要大写。故填Diamond。
63. David’s mother was unstable and ________. (喜怒无常)（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】moody
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：大卫的妈妈情绪不稳定，喜怒无常。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，形容词moody符合题意，作表语。故填moody。
64. Actually, all of us desire to achieve success, but sometimes our actions don’t ________ (与……相符) with what we desire. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】correspond
【解析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：实际上，我们都渴望成功，但有时我们的行动和我们的欲望不相符。根据汉语提示“与……相符”，不及物动词correspond，以及空前的don’t可知此处应填动词原形。故填correspond。
65. If a c________ injures himself while attempting to foul (对……犯规) his opponent, the referee will not take any action in his favor. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】contestant##ontestant
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果选手在试图对对手犯规时受伤，裁判将不会采取任何有利于他的行动。结合句子结构和首字母提示可知，名词contestant“选手”符合题意，作主语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填contestant。
66. Smoked salmon was considered an expensive ________ (佳肴) （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】delicacy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：烟熏鲑鱼被认为是一种昂贵的美味。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，名词delicacy符合题意，作宾语，冠词an提示用其单数形式。故填delicacy。
67. He refused to admit his ________. (罪行) （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】guilt
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他拒绝承认他的罪行。根据汉语提示“罪行”，以及空前的admit可知此处应填名词作宾语, guilt“有罪；罪行”为不可数名词，符合句意，故填guilt。
68. A pocket ________ (计算器) only works to eight decimal places. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】calculator
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：袖珍计算器只能计算到小数点后八位。根据汉语提示“计算器”可知应填名词calculator，作主语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填calculator。
69. The terrorists fired into the crowd at r________ , which was most terrifying. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】random##andom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和固定短语。句意：这些恐怖主义者胡乱地向人群开火，十分可怕。at random是固定短语，意为“胡乱地”。根据单词首字母以及句意“随意地，胡乱地”以及设空处前有at可知，此处应填不可数名词random。故填random。
70. In order to m________ profit, the firm would seek to optimize the production process. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】maximize##aximize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：为了实现利润最大化，公司将寻求优化生产流程。根据首字母提示和句意“使……最大化”可知是动词maximize，不定式短语in order to后接动词原形，故填maximize。
二、完成句子（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
根据句意及中文提示完成句子，每个短语一个空。（必须使用选修性必修第三册第五单元至第四测第一单元单词表内短语的适当形式填空）
71. They opened a single store in Europe to ________ the market
他们在欧洲开了一家商店，检验一下市场情况。
【答案】test out
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。对比中英文句子，空处涉及固定短语test out“测试”，此处应用动词原形和上文to构成不定式，作目的状语。故填test out。
72. The opening speeches sounded ________ declarations of war than offerings of peace.
那些开幕词听起来更像宣战书而不是和平倡议。
【答案】more like
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和比较级。对比中英文句子可知，“听起来像”表达为sound like，表示“更”应用副词much的比较级more。故填more like。
73. She works there ________ voluntary ________
她自愿在那里无偿工作。
【答案】 ①. on a ②. basis
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。on a...basis在……的基础上。故填①on a ②basis。
74. To come up with a best solution, we need to weigh up the ________ beforehand.
为了提出最佳方案，我们需要预先权衡利弊得失。
【答案】pros and cons
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。对比中英文句子，空处涉及固定短语pros and cons“利弊”，作宾语。故填pros and cons。
75. Personally, I’ve never supported the view that either sex is ________ the other.
我个人从未支持过一种性别比另一种性别优越的观点。
【答案】superior to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语be superior to“比……优越，优于……”，空前已有is，故填superior to。
76. The company ________ by the state-controlled Russian Technologies Corporation.
这家公司已经被俄罗斯国家技术公司接管。
【答案】has been taken over
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态语态以及主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语take over“接管，接收”，作谓语，和主语company之间是被动关系，且强调动作已经完成，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been taken over。
77. But in 1968, jury selection procedures ________ these democratic ideals.
但就在1968年，陪审团的遴选程序与这些民主理想发生了冲突。
【答案】conflicted with
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子，空处涉及短语conflict with“与……冲突”，作谓语，根据时间状语in 1968判断为一般过去时。故填conflicted with。
78. I believe everybody ________ spin his own life into a thread of permanence on some way.
我想每个人都渴望以某种方式让自己的生命也汇入这永恒之脉。
【答案】has an urge to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子，空处涉及固定短语have an urge to do sth.“渴望做某事”，作宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语everyone是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has an urge to。
79. He ran a lot of tests and it ________ I had an infection called mycoplasma
他进行了许多化验，结果证明我感染了支原体病毒。
【答案】turned out
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子，空处涉及固定短语turn out“证明是，结果是”，结合上文ran和and判断此处也为一般过去时。故填turned out。
80. You sense the negativity ________.
你感觉到消极心态正在渐渐消失。
【答案】is falling away
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。根据句意，空处需要表达“（渐渐）消失”之意，fall away消失，本句为省略连接词that的宾语从句，从句中缺少谓语，表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，从句主语the negativity不可数，谓语单数形式，故填is falling away。
三、书面表达：读后续写（共1小题；满分25分）
81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。
A boulder(巨石)，as big as a house. That’s how the guidebook described Giant Rock. Dad said it arrived here millions of years ago. I was finally going to see it, in snowshoes, with my two older cousins, my dad, and my uncle Don. I’d been snowshoeing before, and I liked the adventure of hiking through deep snow.
At the parking area, after putting on our snowshoes, we studied the map. Due to the geographical location, electrical devices are inaccessible here. The map is our only guide. "We start here，" Dad said,” on the red trail(小路）. Then we turn left onto the purple road. That’s where Giant Rock is. " " Remember to stick together and don’t wander off, guys，" Uncle Don said.
The trail ran uphill alongside a stone wall. It was easy to follow because red markers were nailed to the trees and the snow had been packed down by other hikers. At the top of the hill, we turned onto the purple trail. We settled into a pattern，with Dad and everyone else in front and me in the back，crunching(嘎吱嘎吱地踩）through the snow. I saw lots of animal tracks — mostly deer, squirrel, and rabbit prints. As the trail wound down, my cousin Andrew said what I’d been thinking ："Will we ever reach Giant Rock?" My cousin Aiden smiled and turned to me, "Luke, do you think your dad invented this idea just to get us away from the TV for a while?" I laughed. "You never know."
Finally, we climbed a hill and saw the massive boulder sitting alone in the forest. It really is as big as a house! My cousins and I high-fived each other and jogged until we stood at the base, breathless. Standing in the boulders broad shadow, I noticed the sun had sunk lower.
“Let’s head back，" Dad said after a few minutes. "I here will be several crossroads on the way back. Guys, keep up with the team. " Soon we were crunch-crunch-crunching our way home. I was a little behind the group when we approached a crossroads. And I noticed a set of animal tracks I didn’t recognize, so I followed them for a closer look.
Paragraph 1 ：
I looked up when I suddenly realized how quiet it had gotten.
Paragraph 2 ：
As going worriedly, I heard voices, someone calling far away.
【答案】Paragraph 1：
I looked up when I suddenly realized how quiet it had gotten. "Where is everyone?" I shouted. Nothing. “They couldn't have gone far. I’ll catch up if I hurry.” I comforted myself. After a short walk, I came to the crossroads where I could turn left or go straight, but both trails had red markers. I turned to the left which looked familiar. Unfortunately, it got quieter and quieter. Soon it might be too dark to tell what color the markers were. What if I couldn’t find my way back?
Paragraph 2:
As going worriedly I heard voices, someone calling far away. Following the voices, I noticed the stone wall, the trail running alongside it. It must be right way back! I rushed downhill with big steps. Then, I saw the parking area, and my family! I shouted as I ran toward them. "Luke? Are you OK?" The voice of Dad was urgent. I’d only been lost for minutes, but it seemed like forever. Now all I wanted was a bear hug from Dad and to make tracks for home.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者和家人一起去参观巨石，没有导航只有地图的情况下，作者一行通过一条小路爬上山，最终作者一行找到了巨石，观赏之后开始归程，然而返程路上作者因为观察动物的足迹而跟丢了队伍。
【详解】续写部分分为2段，第一段的开头是我抬头看，然后发现四周很安静……， 所以这里写作者跟丢队伍之后的场景。作者大声呼喊人都去哪里了，但是没有回应，所以作者加快速度想要跟上队伍，但是面前的路口都有红色标记，没有办法分辨，所以作者选择了看起来熟悉的一条，但是却越来越安静，天也越来越暗了。
第二段开头是我焦急地走着，听到远处有人在叫……， 所以这里要描写作者迷路之后听到队伍喊叫的声音，跟随着声音，作者找到了父亲，虽然只走丢了几分钟，但是好像过了很久，作者紧紧抱住父亲。
【点睛】本文的续写比较有趣，故事情节比较吸引读者，使用了高级词汇和句子。如：comfort；familiar；worriedly；alongside；urgent等高级词汇，定语从句After a short walk, I came to the crossroads where I could turn left or go straight。宾语从句Soon it might be too dark to tell what color the markers were.等高级句式。