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2021-2022学年重庆市渝东六校共同体高一下学期联合诊断性测试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年重庆市渝东六校共同体高一下学期联合诊断性测试英语试题含解析
2021-2022学年重庆市渝东六校共同体高一下学期联合诊断性测试英语试题考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a furniture shop. B. At a coffee bar. C. At the woman’s home.2. Who is Mr. Thompson?A. Meg’s boss. B. Meg’s father. C. Meg’s doctor.3. When will the party be over?A. At 11:00 pm. B. At 10:30 pm. C. At 10:00 pm.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. Living in Austria. B. Looking for jobs. C. Preparing for a trip.5. What do we know about the man?A. He will get married.B. He will study abroad.C. He will live on an island.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. Who is Lisa probably?A. A shop assistant. B. The man’s friend. C. Dominic’s mother.7. What did the man buy for his nephew last year?A. A toy soldier. B. A computer game. C. A Mickey Mouse.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. Why is the man moving to New York?A. To enjoy the city life. B. To stay with his friends.C. To find a better job.9. How old is the man?A. 19 years old. B. 29 years old. C. 39 years old.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10. How did the man find the apartment?A. From a newspaper. B. From the Internet. C. From a friend.11. What does the man want?A. A big kitchen. B. A big bedroom. C. A big living room.12. What will the woman probably do this Friday?A. Entertain some friends. B. Pay the man a visit.C. Rent an apartment.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13. What is the man doing?A. Having an interview. B. Applying for a course.C. Organizing a summer trip.14. How long will the course run this year?A. 6 weeks. B. 7 weeks. C. 8 weeks.15. What surprised the woman last year?A. The extremely hot weather.B. The inexperienced assistants.C. The number of children attending the course.16. What new activities will be added this year?A. Adventure sports. B. Fun programs. C. Creative classes.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17. What color is Pauly’s head?A. A little blue. B. Totally green. C. Mostly red.18. Why is the speaker worried about Pauly?A He won’t survive on his own.B. He refuses to eat anything.C. He has a broken tail.19. In what season did Pauly get lost?A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Summer.20. What does the speaker expect people to do if they hear Pauly?A. Record Pauly’s loud call.B. Tell him right away.C. Give Pauly something to eat.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALooking for educational and inspiring books for your children? You cannot miss these tales of surviving in the wild.Swallows and Amazons by Arthur RansomeA tale of a joyful childhood summer spent sailing in the Lake District of England, this novel is based on Ransome’s own family. Two groups of children each have their own sailboat, and spend the summer defending against an imagined enemy, camping, fishing, and exploring, while trying to catch their enemy’s boat.The Swiss Family Robinson by Johann David WyssInspired by Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, Wyss decided to write a story about how a Swiss family survived a ship accident and made a new way of life on an unexplored island in the East Indies so that his four sons could learn about basic family values, the use of the natural world and self-reliance. Morals aside, it’s a great thrilling story.A Girl of the Limberlost by Gene Stratton-porterPoor, unpopular Elnora Comstock grows up in the dangerous but beautiful wetlands of northern Indiana, building an unusual life. She loves wildlife more than anything. The book was written as a protest against logging (伐木), drilling for oil (钻井油) and drying up rivers for agriculture that were taking place in the Limberlost Swamp.Island of the Blue Dolphins by Scott O’DellThe main character, Karana, is a woman left on what’s now called La Isla de San Nicolas, just off the coast of California. She struggles in the strange conditions, experiences natural disasters and lives alone on the lonely island. Her story is inspired by that of a real woman who spent 18 years alone on the island.1. What did Wyss write The Swiss Family Robinson for?A. Showing the basic values. B. Teaching his own children something important.C. Recording a ship accident. D. Honoring Daniel Defoe.2. Which book focuses on nature protection?A. Girl of the Limberlost. B. The Swiss Family Robinson.C. Swallows and Amazons. D. Island of the Blue Dolphins.3. What do the four books have in common?A. They are based on real story. B. They are written mainly for parents.C. They contain important morals. D. They tell adventurous experiences.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本对孩子既有教育意义又有启发性的书。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Wyss decided to write a story about how a Swiss family survived a ship accident and made a new way of life on an unexplored island in the East Indies so that his four sons could learn about basic family values, the use of the natural world and self-reliance.(Wyss决定写一篇关于一个瑞士家庭如何在一场轮船事故中幸存下来，并在东印度群岛一个未开发的岛屿上创造一种新的生活方式的故事，以便他的四个儿子能够学习基本的家庭价值观，利用自然世界和自力更生)”可知，Wyss写这本是为了教他自己的孩子一些重要的事情。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The book was written as a protest against logging (伐木), drilling for oil (钻井油) and drying up rivers for agriculture…(写这本书是为了抗议伐木、钻探石油和因农业而使河流干涸……)”可知，A项：Girl of the Limberlost是关于自然保护的。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“You cannot miss these tales of surviving in the wild.(你不能错过这些野外生存的故事)”可知，这四本书的共同点是它们都讲述了在野外求生冒险的经历。故选D。B“I have cancer.”Mom said and held me in a tight hug.I could feel her chest shaking as she tried not to cry but failed.For all of my twenty-four years,my mom had been supportive.Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.Now I knew it would have to flow the other way.Mom didn’t stay down for long.After the shock of breast-cancer,she armed herself with a notebook and a pen and a thousand questions for the doctors.She took notes on white blood cell counts and medications(药物)with long names as though she were studying for entrance exams into medical school.”The not-knowing is the worst.”she said.The operation was successful.The chemo(化疗)was the harder part.I went with Mom to every chemo treatment.She rarely complained,though her hair was gone and her toenails and fingernails fell out one by one.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”Cancer can take my hair,my nails,my health,my very life. But it can’t take my smile.”Mom said.Mom learned to share her fears with me,and it formed an even deeper bond between us.Yet I am certain there were fears she didn’t share because she was still protecting me-worries she only shared with Dad.Even in the darkest hours,she would just joke about the cancer. Mom always said,”When you look your greatest fear in the eye and laugh at it,you take away some of its power.”Mom was one of the lucky ones.She did beat her cancer,though not without scars.From her,I’ve learned I may not get to choose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it.4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A. There were other ways to treat cancer.B. Knowledge of cancer would be helpful.C. Mom had to stay stronger to beat cancer.D. I should be the one being there for Mom.5. Which of the following words can best describe Mom?A. Humorous and generous.B. Considerate and ambitious.C. Optimistic and determined.D. Caring and knowledgeable.6. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?A. The fear Mom shared with me.B. The ways Mom faced fear.C. The jokes Mom told me.D. The bond Mom and I formed.7. What lesson did the author learn from Mom?A. Luck counts in beating diseases.B. Complaint does no good to one’s health.C. Positive attitudes get one through hardship forD. Sharing feelings helps reduce sufferings a lot.【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述妈妈与癌症作抗争的过程中保持积极乐观态度，并对作者产生重大影响的故事。【4题详解】句意推测题。由前一句“Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.”母亲给予我很多关爱和支持，下一句中“the other way around”意思为从相反方向，可知此处暗含的意思为现在轮到作者给母亲关爱和支持。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。从第四段的第三句“.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”可知妈妈虽然因化疗失去指甲，但仍能保持乐观态度，开玩笑说没有了指甲可以省下钱指甲油的钱来付医药费。以及，从第二段妈妈拿着纸和笔问医生各种各样有关癌症的问题，能看出妈妈战胜病魔的决心。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。第五段，妈妈“ learned to share her fears with me”“she would just joke about the cancer”，这些都是妈妈在面对恐惧所采取的应对办法。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一句“From her,I’ve learned I may not get to choose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it.”可知，作者从妈妈身上学到了，“无法选择要面对的事情，但是可以选则用何种方式面对自己的遭遇”，而妈妈就是乐观面对病魔。故选C项。CBlack Friday refers to the day after Thanksgiving. On this day, crowds of shoppers flood into stores all over the country to take advantage of the season’s biggest holiday bargains. But the real story behind Black Friday is a bit complicated.The most commonly repeated story behind the post-Thanksgiving shopping-related Black Friday tradition links it to retailers (零售商). As the story goes, after an entire year of operating at a loss, recorded in red ink, stores would supposedly earn a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving, because holiday shoppers blew so much money on discounted products. Though it’s true that retail companies used to record losses in red and profits in black when doing their accounting, this version of Black Friday’s origin is not an accurate story behind the tradition.The true story behind Black Friday, however, is not as sunny as retailers might have you believe. Back in the 1950s, police in the city of Philadelphia used the term to describe the chaos that happened on the day after Thanksgiving, when tens of thousands of suburban shoppers and tourists flooded into the city in advance of the big Army-Navy football game held on that Saturday every year. Not only would the police not be able to take the day off, but also they would have to work extra-long shifts dealing with the additional crowds and traffic.The term didn’t spread to the rest of the country until much later, however, and as recently as 1985 it wasn’t in common use nationwide. Sometime in the late 1980s, however, retailers found a way to reinvent Black Friday and turn it into something that reflected positively on them and their customers. The result was the “red to black” concept mentioned earlier. The Black Friday story stuck, and pretty soon the term’s darker roots in Philadelphia were largely forgotten.8. What is usually believed to be the origin of Black Friday?A. The great profit retailers may gain. B. The way retailers do their accounting.C. The much money shoppers spend. D. The biggest bargains on this day.9. Why did police in Philadelphia refer to the day after Thanksgiving as Black Friday?A. They had to compete with more shoppers for bargains.B. They had to give up the big Army-Navy football game.C. They had to work more hours to deal with the chaos.D. They had to advance to suburb to fight against floods.10. The retailers reinvent Black Friday in the late 1980s ________.A. to attract more customers to shop B. to create the “red to black” conceptC. to make profits by this special event D. to change people’s impression of it11. What is the purpose of writing the passage?A. To introduce the real history of Black Friday.B. To explain a term with various meanings.C. To show the biggest shopping holiday in US.D. To remind readers of a forgotten truth of red and black.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了“黑色星期五”背后历史故事。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The most commonly repeated story behind the post-Thanksgiving shopping-related Black Friday tradition links it to retailers (零售 商). As the story goes, after an entire year of operating at a loss, recorded in red ink, stores would supposedly earn a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving, because holiday shoppers blew so much money on discounted products.”（感恩节后购物相关的黑色星期五传统背后最常被重复的故事是，它与零售商有关。正如故事所说，在用红墨水记录的整整一年亏损后，商店应该会在感恩节后的第二天以黑墨水标记盈利，因为假日购物者在打折产品上花了太多钱）可知，人们通常认为“黑色星期五”的起源是零售商记账的方式。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Not only would the police not be able to take the day off, but also they would have to work extra-long shifts dealing with the additional crowds and traffic.”（警察不仅不能休息一天，而且还必须加班加点，以应对额外的人群和交通）可知，为什么费城的警察把感恩节后的一天称为“黑色星期五”是因为他们不得不多工作几个小时来应付混乱局面。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sometime in the late 1980s, however, retailers found a way to reinvent Black Friday and turn it into something that reflected positively on them and their customers.”（然而，在20世纪80年代末的某个时候，零售商们找到了一种重新创造黑色星期五的方法，把它变成了一种对他们和他们的顾客产生积极影响的东西）可知，20世纪80年代末，零售商重新创造了了黑色星期五，以改变人们对它的印象。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“But the real story behind Black Friday is a bit complicated.”（但黑色星期五背后的真实故事有点复杂）以及下文的具体叙述可知，写这篇文章的目的是介绍“黑色星期五”的真实历史。故选A项。D“Baby signing” classes established to improve language skills actually make little difference to children's development, according to new research. Scholars claimed there was no evidence that the lessons—in which babies are taught simple gestures to communicate their everyday needs—enable children to talk quicker than others.In a three-year study, it was claimed that the method could make mothers more responsive to their children's behaviors but failed to actually increase babies' vocabulary. An active home environment in which parents regularly talk to their children was much more effective, researchers warmed. The findings will cast doubt on the movement—born in the United States—which has proved hugely popular among middle-class parents.Baby signing is now a multi-million pound industry, with thousands of mothers and fathers paying for classes, books and DVDs. Young children are taught simple gestures for words and phrases to communicate their everyday needs, such as “milk” “more” “all gone” “food” and “tired". It is claimed that the technique brings great benefits, including improving the relationship between mother and child, helping language development and even increasing a child's intelligence.But research from Hertfordshire University has found no evidence that using baby signing helps to improve their language development. The scholars added, “Baby signing has become big business and mothers, particularly first-time mums or less confident parents, feel the pressure to do it. Some even think ‘if I don't do it and everyone else does, I must be a bad mother’.”Nevertheless, baby signing experts hardly sustained the findings. Wendy Moat, 45, who has been running baby signing classes for three years, said that the classes encouraged speech development, and may help develop a higher IQ. She said, “So many mums say that their children talk so well because they did baby signing when they were babies. Parents wouldn't say it if they didn't believe it."12. Which of the following may help improve children's language skills？A. Using simple words and phrases.B. Talking to them as much as possible.C. Buying them more books and DVDs.D. Creating a serious home environment.13. According to Paragraph 4, some new mothers choose baby signing classes in that ________.A. they are influenced by othersB. they are sure of the effects of themC. they don't want to be looked down uponD. they don't know how to teach their children14. The underlined word “sustained" in the last paragraph means “________”A. dislike B. resistC. approved of D. figured out15. What's the main idea of the text？A. How to teach children to communicate effectively.B. Baby signing classes increase children's intelligence.C. How to improve the relationship between mother and child.D. Baby signing classes fail to improve children's language skills.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项最新研究结果——为提高语言能力而开设的婴儿手语课程实际上对儿童的语言技能发展几乎没有什么作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“An active home environment in which parents regularly talk to their children was much more effective.(一个父母经常和孩子交谈的，氛围活跃的家庭环境会更有效)”可知，尽可能多地和孩子交谈可能更有助于提高儿童的语言技能。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Some even think ‘if I don’t do it and everyone else does, I must be a bad mother’. (有些人甚至认为‘如果我不这样做，而其他人都这么做，我一定是个坏妈妈’)”可知，一些新手妈妈选择婴儿手语课是受他人影响，盲目跟风的行为。故选A项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据指代关系可知，最后一段“the findings”指的是第四段的“research from Hertfordshire University has found no evidence that using baby signing helps to improve their language development (Hertfordshire大学的研究没有发现使用婴儿手语有助于改善他们的语言发展的证据)”，但宝宝手语专家Wendy Moat 说的“the classes encouraged speech development (这些课程鼓励了语言的发展)”，可见，宝宝手语专家和研究发现形成对立的观点。因此综合“baby signing experts barely sustained the findings. (婴儿手语专家几乎不sustained这一发现) ”句意可知，“sustained”意为“支持、赞成”，C项approved of(赞成)符合语境。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中心句“‘Baby signing’ classes established to improve language skills actually make little difference to children’s development, according to new research.(最新研究显示，为提高语言能力而开设的‘婴儿手语’课程实际上对儿童的发展几乎没有什么作用)”和下文围绕这一观点展开的各项研究结果可知，本文主要讲婴儿手语课不能提高儿童的语言技能。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Reduce Gift Wrap WasteWrapping paper may have “paper” in its name, but that doesn’t automatically mean it can be recycled. ___16___ Try these suggestions for cutting down the amount of wrapping paper you throw away.Reuse what you have. ____17____ It’s estimated that the U.S. produces 4.6 million pounds of wrapping paper annually, and 2.3 million pounds of that stays in people’s homes, awaiting reuse.Use different materials. ___18___ Select basic brown thick paper that can be made up with a bow, ribbons, leaves, pinecones or markers. Repurpose newspapers, old posters and children’s school artworks as wrapping paper. There are plenty of other eco-friendly alternatives to wrapping paper that are just delightful and celebratory.___19___ Use baskets, fabric, gift boxes or bags, tea towels, and more to contain and display your presents. Learn the Japanese art of wrapping, using beautiful knots(绳结) to fasten colorful, reusable fabrics in attractive ways. This way, you’ll have no wrapping paper waste to deal with.Ask for better paper. Shops store what customers want, and recyclability should be a top priority, so let that be known when you’re out shopping. As explained by Simon Ellin, CEO of the Recycling Association, a trade body that represents about 90 waste management companies and paper merchants in the United Kingdom, “It’s a campaign we’ve been on all year — do you really need to design a non-paper wrapping paper? Make paper with recycling in mind!” ___20___A. Try zero waste.B. Shop with that in mind, too.C. You don’t have to choose shining paper to decorate a present.D. In fact, many types of wrapping paper cannot due to their materials.E. When wrapping paper is extremely thin, it has few good quality fibers for recycling.F. Wrapping paper can be used many times if care is taken to unwrap it without tearing.G. Having a mix of recyclable and non-recyclable papers is a real problem for companies.【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了几种减少包装纸浪费的方法。【16题详解】根据前文中的“Wrapping paper may have “paper” in its name, but that doesn’t automatically mean it can be recycled. ” 可知，包装纸的名字里可能有纸，但这并不意味着它可以回收利用，D选项“事实上，许多类型的包装纸由于其材料而不能被回收。”承接上文，讲了为什么有些包装纸不能回收利用，选项中的wrapping paper与上文中Wrapping paper一致，故选D。【17题详解】根据主题句“Reuse what you have.”（重复使用你用过的东西。）可知本段主要写重复使用你用过的包装纸， F选项“如果小心翼翼地打开包装纸而不撕裂，包装纸可以多次使用。”符合本段主题，故选F。【18题详解】根据主题句“Use different materials.” （使用不同的材料。）及下文“Select basic brown thick paper that can be made up with a bow, ribbons, leaves, pinecones or markers. Repurpose newspapers, old posters and children’s school artworks as wrapping paper. ” （选择基本的棕色厚纸，可以用蝴蝶结、丝带、树叶、松果或记号笔组成。把报纸、旧海报和儿童学校的艺术作品重新用作包装纸。）可知，你不必用精美的纸来装饰礼物，C选项扣题，故选C。【19题详解】根据本段“Use baskets, fabric, gift boxes or bags, tea towels, and more to contain and display your presents. Learn the Japanese art of wrapping, using beautiful knots(绳结) to fasten colorful, reusable fabrics in attractive ways. This way, you’ll have no wrapping paper waste to deal with.” （篮子、织物、礼盒或袋子、茶巾等来装和展示你的礼物。学习日本的包装艺术，用漂亮的绳结把色彩鲜艳、可重复使用的织物以吸引人的方式系牢。这样，你就不用浪费包装纸了。）可知，本段说的是用其他的东西代替包装纸来包装礼物，不要浪费。A选项“要零浪费”，符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“As explained by Simon Ellin, CEO of the Recycling Association, a trade body that represents about 90 waste management companies and paper merchants in the United Kingdom, ‘It’s a campaign we’ve been on all year — do you really need to design a non-paper wrapping paper? Make paper with recycling in mind! ’”正如回收协会(一个代表英国大约90家废物管理公司和造纸商的贸易组织)的首席执行官西蒙·艾林解释的那样：“这是我们一整年都在进行的一项运动——你真的需要设计一种非纸质的包装纸吗?造纸时要牢记回收利用！”可推断，下文应该说你去买包装纸的时候也应该要可回收利用的，B选项“购物时也要考虑到这一点。”符合语境，故选B。第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was nearly dinner time when my 5-year old daughter rushed into the house. Tears rolled down as she ____21____ her two hurt arms. I tried to persuade her to ____22____, as that was the fourth time she had crashed that day. I told her that children of her ____23____ usually rode with training wheels (辅助轮). But she ____24____ my advice and as soon as the bandages (绷带) were stuck on her ____25____, she headed back out the door.I watched from the kitchen window as she ____26____ time after time. I wanted to run out there and make her stop, ____27____ I couldn’t. I would have to let go. ____28____, she had agreed to wear her brother’s helmet and knee pads (护膝).Later that very evening, as I was washing the remaining dishes, I heard my daughter shout ____29____ to me. I rushed outside and sighed with _____30_____ to see that she was riding down the driveway with both her _____31_____ held high in the air. “Look, Mom, no hands!” she said, _____32_____ as she rode by.I suppose there will be many times to _____33_____ when my daughter will need me to simply _____34_____ Although it won’t be _____35_____, I’ll always remember how she taught me sometimes “no hands” is best.21. A. turnout B. held out C. picked up D. setup22. A. continue B. begin C. stop D. leave23. A. size B. class C. age D. area24. A. doubted B. followed C. asked D. ignored25. A. feet B. arms C. fingers D. head26. A. fell B. ran C. appeared D. rested27. A. but B. and C. so D. for28. A. In fact B. After all C. So far D. At once29. A. helplessly B. loudly C. angrily D. gently30. A. relief B. disappointment C. shock D. peace31. A. legs B. eyes C. hands D. ears32. A. jumping B. dancing C. moving D. laughing33. A. come B. lose C. offer D. happen34. A. watch out B. turnaround C. let go D. pass by35. A. different B. perfect C. necessary D. easy【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者看到自己的小女儿不怕摔伤坚持学会骑自行车的过程。这让作者感受到小女儿的坚强与独立，自己也该学会放手了。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她伸出两条受伤的手臂时，泪水滚落。A. turn out转向；B. held out伸出；C. picked up拾取；D. set up设置。根据下文“that was the fourth time she had crashed that day”可知，小女孩骑车摔伤了胳膊，跑进来给作者看。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：我试图说服她停下来，因为那是她那天第四次摔倒。A. continue继续；B. begin开始；C. stop停止；D. leave离开。根据下文“that was the fourth time she had crashed that day”可知， 这是小女孩今天第四次摔伤了， 作者试图劝她放弃，由第二段第二句“I wanted to run out there and make her stop”，也可是得到提示。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，她这个年纪的孩子通常骑有辅助轮的自行车。A. size尺寸；B. class等级；C. age年龄；D. area面积。根据上文“my 5-year old daughter”可知，小女孩只有五岁，像她怎么大年龄的孩子通常骑有辅助轮的自行车。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有理会我的建议，绷带一缠在她的手臂上，她就转身出了门。A. doubted怀疑；B. followed跟随；C. asked询问；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“she headed back out the door.”可知，她没有理会作者的建议。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她没有理会我的建议，绷带一缠在她的手臂上，她就转身出了门。A. feet脚；B. arms臂；C. fingers手指；D. head头。根据上文“her two hurt arms ”可知，绷带缠在了胳膊上。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从厨房的窗户看着她一次又一次地摔倒。A. fell跌倒；B. ran跑步；C. appeared出现；D. rested休息。根据上文“I wanted to run out there and make her stop”可知，作者看到她一次次跌倒。故选A项。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我想跑出去让她停下来，但我做不到。A. but但；B. and和；C. so所以；D. for因为。上文“make her stop””和下文“... I couldn’t””之间是转折关系。故选A项。【28题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：毕竟，她已经同意戴上她哥哥的头盔和护膝。A. In fact事实上；B. After all毕竟；C. So far到目前为止；D. At once立即。根据上文“I would have to let go.”可知，作者决定放手，因为她毕竟同意戴上了哥哥的头盔和护膝。故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上晚些时候，当我洗剩下的盘子时，我听到女儿大声对我喊叫。A. helplessly无助地；B. loudly大声；C. angrily愤怒地；D. gently温柔地。根据上文“Look, Mom, no hands!”可知，小女孩学会了骑车，因此大声地呼喊妈妈出来看。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我冲到外面，看到她双手高举在车道上骑着自行车，松了一口气。A. relief宽慰；B. disappointment失望；C. shock震惊；D. peace和平。根据下文“she was riding down the driveway with both her hands held high in the air.”作者看到女儿没有出意外，应该是送了一口气，如释重负。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我冲到外面，看到她双手高举在车道上骑着自行车，松了一口气。A. legs腿；B. eyes眼睛；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文小女孩的话“Look, Mom, no hands!”可知，她把手举向天空。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一边说，一边笑着骑自行车路过。A. jumping跳跃；B. dancing跳舞；C. moving移动；D. laughing大笑。根据上文“Look, Mom, no hands!”可知，学会了骑车，并能不用手扶着，小女孩自然是很高兴，laughing符合语境。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想会有很多次我的女儿需要我简单地放手。A. come来；B. lose输；C. offer 出价；D. happen发生。根据上文“I would have to let go. After all , she had agreed to wear her brother’s helmet and knee pads (护膝).”可知，妈妈并没有帮忙这次，而女儿学会了骑车，这让作者想到以后还有很多次需要放手的时候。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想会有很多次我的女儿需要我简单地放手。A. watch out小心；B. turnaround转向；C. let go放手；D. pass by超车。let go与第二段中“I would have to let go” 相呼应，也符合句意。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这并不容易，但我会永远记得她是如何教我的，有时“放手”是最好的。A. different不同的；B. perfect完美的；C. necessary必要的；D. easy简单的。根据上文“I wanted to run out there and make her stop, but I couldn’t. I would have to let go.”可知，作者不忍心看到女儿受伤，想让女儿放弃，由此可知对孩子放手不容易。故选D项。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was at the 2012 ISU World Figure Skating Championships that I first saw Japanese figure skater Hanyu Yuzuru. He competed in free skating with ____36____ piece of music from Romeo and Juliet. I was ____37____ (immediate) attracted to his amazing performance along with the expressive music.Yuzuru has been an ____38____ (inspire) for me in my years as a senior high school student. In his career so far, he ____39____ (experience) countless difficulties and injuries. In 2014’s ISU Grand Prix, he was badly hurt on the ice due to a collision. Even though he was bleeding, he still insisted on ____40____ (compete) with no regrets. What’s more, in the 2018 Rostelecom Cup in Moscow, he couldn’t even walk because of a problem with the ligament (韧带) in his right ankle. But he ended up winning the championship and then ____41____ (award) the gold medal.Despite suffering ____42____ asthma (哮喘), Yuzuru has always trained hard. He bravely overcomes obstacles so he can dance on the ice and live life to the ____43____ (full). From 2012 to 2021, I have been inspired by his spirit, ____44____ has helped me push forward no matter what._____45_____ (face) with homework and sliding grades, I watch videos of Yuzuru skating over and over again in search of hope and perseverance. After all, he succeeded against so much uncertainty. So how could I not face my own problems?【答案】36. a 37. immediately 38. inspiration 39. has experienced 40. competing 41. was awarded 42. from 43. fullest 44. which 45. Faced【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是羽生结弦对作者的积极的影响。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：他正在用《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中的一首乐曲参加自由滑冰比赛。piece是可数名词，且此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词a修饰，且a piece of为固定短语，意为“一首”，故填a。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：我立刻被他令人难以置信的表演和富有表现力的音乐所吸引。空格处用副词immediately修饰动词attracted，immediately意为“立刻”，故填immediately。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：当我还是高中生的时候，Yuzuru一直激励着我。an后跟可数名词的单数形式，inspire的名词是inspiration，故填inspiration。【39题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在他的职业生涯中，他经历了无数的困难和无数的伤害。由so far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，故填has experienced。【40题详解】考查动名词。句意：尽管他流血不止，但他仍然无怨无悔地坚持比赛。insist on后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处用动名词competing，故填competing。【41题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但他最终赢得了冠军，并获得了金牌。他是被授予金牌，句子用被动语态，结合前面的时间状语“in the 2018 Rostelecom Cup”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he是第三人称单数，故填was awarded。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：尽管患有哮喘，羽生始终刻苦训练。“患病”用短语suffer from，故填from【43题详解】考查最高级。句意：他勇敢地克服障碍，所以他可以在冰上跳舞，充实地生活。the后跟形容词或副词的最高级， to the fullest 意为“充实地”，故填fullest。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从2012年到2021年，我一直被羽生的精神所激励，无论发生什么事情，它都帮助我勇往直前。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“Yuzuru’s spirit”是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面临着作业和成绩下滑的重担，我一遍又一遍地观看Yuzuru滑冰的视频，寻找希望和毅力。句中watch是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，根据短语be faced with面临，面对，此处的过去分词表示状态，位于句首，大写，故填Faced。第三节 根据首字母或汉语提示，用单词的完整正确形式填空，每空填一个词。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）46. It’s difficult to keep t______ of all the languages that are disappearing in the world.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】track##rack【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：要记录世界上所有正在消失的语言是很困难的。keep track of记录。根据首字母提示及句意，故填track。47. Students with an identity card have a________ to using the digital library online. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】access##ccess【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：持有身份证的学生可以在线使用数字图书馆。根据句意“有权使用”和首字母提示a可知，此处使用名词access，have access to“有权使用”。故填access。48. The man was c______ with theft and he needed legal support. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】charged##harged【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这名男子被指控犯有盗窃罪，他需要法律支持。结合句子结构和首字母提示可知，动词charge“指控”符合题意，主语man和charge之间是被动关系，空处应填过去分词形式和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填charged。49. Further t______ will prevent cancer from developing.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】treatment##reatment【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：进一步的治疗将阻止癌症的发展。根据句意和首字母，设空处应填不可数名词treatment，意为“治疗”，作主语。故填treatment。50. Chongyang Festival is a day for people in China to show r______ to seniors. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】respect##espect【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：重阳节是中国人向长辈表达敬意的日子。动词show后面应该填入名词，作为宾语。再根据首字母提示和句意，故填入respect。51. They are already ______ (熟悉) faces on our TV screens .（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】familiar【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。分析句子可知，此处应填入形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词faces。再根据汉语提示，故填入familiar。52. To ________(保证，确保) everyone’s safety, the authority conducted rounds of nucleic acid testing. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】ensure【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保每个人的安全，当局进行了几轮的核酸检测。根据汉语提示“保证，确保”可知，此处为动词ensure，根据空前的动词不定式符号to可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，空处需填填动词原形。故填ensure。53. The system has been improved to satisfy the needs of different __________(个体). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】individuals【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：该系统已得到改进，以满足不同个人的需要。根据汉语提示可知，individual个体，可数名词，符合题意；different后需接可数名词复数。故填individuals。54. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy ______ (氛围). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】atmosphere【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：公司的老板正在努力营造一种轻松的氛围。分析句子可知，形容词easy作为定语，修饰后面的名词，此处应填入名词。再根据汉语提示和an可知，应用名词单数atmosphere，故填atmosphere。55. To read the ______ (原创的) work is better than to see the film. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】original【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：读原著比看电影好。分析句式特点可知，此处应该填入形容词作为定语，修饰后面的名词“work”，再根据汉语提示“原创的”应用形容词original，故填original。56. Walking after supper is ______ (benefit) to human health.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】beneficial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：晚饭后散步对人体健康有益。结合语意，晚饭后散步对人的健康是有益处的，空处应用形容词beneficial作表语，构成短语be beneficial to sth.，表示“对某事有益处”。故填beneficial。57. The village is made up of 30 families ______ (belong) to five nationalities. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】belonging【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该村由五个民族的30户人家组成。分析可知，空处作families的后置定语，应用非谓语动词形式，belong to和逻辑主语families之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填belonging。58. After I moved to a new city, I got used to my new ______ (surround) soon. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】surroundings【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我搬到一个新的城市后，很快就适应了我的新环境。空处应填名词作宾语，surroundings“环境”符合题意。故填surroundings。59. His ______ (perform) in the test was not good enough. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】performance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他在考试中的表现不够好。分析句子可知，his此处是作为“形容词性物主代词”，其后面应用名词，在句中做主语，且由后面的was可知，performance应用单数。故填performance。60. Apart from a few faults, he is a ______ (faith) friend. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】faithful【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：除了一些缺点外，他是一个忠实的朋友。空处修饰名词friend，应用形容词形式作定语，结合语意，空处应用形容词faithful，表示“忠实的”。故填faithful。第四部分 书面表达（满分25分）61. 假如你是李华，得知你的英国朋友Rick对即将到来的端午节非常感兴趣，请你给他写封信，内容包括：1.端午节的时间和意义；2.端午节庆祝活动和习俗等；3.邀请他来中国体验。注意：1.词数100-120词左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear Rick,How is everything going? Knowing that you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.As a traditional festival originating in China, the Dragon Boat festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar and is observed in memory of Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet in ancient times. During the festival, many activities are conducted such as racing dragon boats, drinking realgar wine and eating zongzi which is sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.Since you have a passion for the festival, why not come and get exposed to the celebrations in person? I will feel more than delighted if you pay a visit to China. Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Rick写信介绍即将到来的端午节。【详解】1.词汇积累庆祝：celebrate→observe举行：conduct→perform高兴的：delighted→happy亲自：in person→personally2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Knowing that you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.复合句：Because I know you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.(使用了现在分词作状语。)【高分句型2】During the festival, many activities are conducted such as racing dragon boats, drinking realgar wine and eating zongzi which is sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.(使用了which 引导的定语从句。)听力答案：1—5 CACCA 6—10 BACCB 11—15 CBAAC 16—20 BCAAB
2021-2022学年重庆市渝东六校共同体高一下学期联合诊断性测试英语试题考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a furniture shop. B. At a coffee bar. C. At the woman’s home.2. Who is Mr. Thompson?A. Meg’s boss. B. Meg’s father. C. Meg’s doctor.3. When will the party be over?A. At 11:00 pm. B. At 10:30 pm. C. At 10:00 pm.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. Living in Austria. B. Looking for jobs. C. Preparing for a trip.5. What do we know about the man?A. He will get married.B. He will study abroad.C. He will live on an island.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. Who is Lisa probably?A. A shop assistant. B. The man’s friend. C. Dominic’s mother.7. What did the man buy for his nephew last year?A. A toy soldier. B. A computer game. C. A Mickey Mouse.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. Why is the man moving to New York?A. To enjoy the city life. B. To stay with his friends.C. To find a better job.9. How old is the man?A. 19 years old. B. 29 years old. C. 39 years old.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10. How did the man find the apartment?A. From a newspaper. B. From the Internet. C. From a friend.11. What does the man want?A. A big kitchen. B. A big bedroom. C. A big living room.12. What will the woman probably do this Friday?A. Entertain some friends. B. Pay the man a visit.C. Rent an apartment.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13. What is the man doing?A. Having an interview. B. Applying for a course.C. Organizing a summer trip.14. How long will the course run this year?A. 6 weeks. B. 7 weeks. C. 8 weeks.15. What surprised the woman last year?A. The extremely hot weather.B. The inexperienced assistants.C. The number of children attending the course.16. What new activities will be added this year?A. Adventure sports. B. Fun programs. C. Creative classes.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17. What color is Pauly’s head?A. A little blue. B. Totally green. C. Mostly red.18. Why is the speaker worried about Pauly?A He won’t survive on his own.B. He refuses to eat anything.C. He has a broken tail.19. In what season did Pauly get lost?A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Summer.20. What does the speaker expect people to do if they hear Pauly?A. Record Pauly’s loud call.B. Tell him right away.C. Give Pauly something to eat.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALooking for educational and inspiring books for your children? You cannot miss these tales of surviving in the wild.Swallows and Amazons by Arthur RansomeA tale of a joyful childhood summer spent sailing in the Lake District of England, this novel is based on Ransome’s own family. Two groups of children each have their own sailboat, and spend the summer defending against an imagined enemy, camping, fishing, and exploring, while trying to catch their enemy’s boat.The Swiss Family Robinson by Johann David WyssInspired by Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, Wyss decided to write a story about how a Swiss family survived a ship accident and made a new way of life on an unexplored island in the East Indies so that his four sons could learn about basic family values, the use of the natural world and self-reliance. Morals aside, it’s a great thrilling story.A Girl of the Limberlost by Gene Stratton-porterPoor, unpopular Elnora Comstock grows up in the dangerous but beautiful wetlands of northern Indiana, building an unusual life. She loves wildlife more than anything. The book was written as a protest against logging (伐木), drilling for oil (钻井油) and drying up rivers for agriculture that were taking place in the Limberlost Swamp.Island of the Blue Dolphins by Scott O’DellThe main character, Karana, is a woman left on what’s now called La Isla de San Nicolas, just off the coast of California. She struggles in the strange conditions, experiences natural disasters and lives alone on the lonely island. Her story is inspired by that of a real woman who spent 18 years alone on the island.1. What did Wyss write The Swiss Family Robinson for?A. Showing the basic values. B. Teaching his own children something important.C. Recording a ship accident. D. Honoring Daniel Defoe.2. Which book focuses on nature protection?A. Girl of the Limberlost. B. The Swiss Family Robinson.C. Swallows and Amazons. D. Island of the Blue Dolphins.3. What do the four books have in common?A. They are based on real story. B. They are written mainly for parents.C. They contain important morals. D. They tell adventurous experiences.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本对孩子既有教育意义又有启发性的书。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Wyss decided to write a story about how a Swiss family survived a ship accident and made a new way of life on an unexplored island in the East Indies so that his four sons could learn about basic family values, the use of the natural world and self-reliance.(Wyss决定写一篇关于一个瑞士家庭如何在一场轮船事故中幸存下来，并在东印度群岛一个未开发的岛屿上创造一种新的生活方式的故事，以便他的四个儿子能够学习基本的家庭价值观，利用自然世界和自力更生)”可知，Wyss写这本是为了教他自己的孩子一些重要的事情。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The book was written as a protest against logging (伐木), drilling for oil (钻井油) and drying up rivers for agriculture…(写这本书是为了抗议伐木、钻探石油和因农业而使河流干涸……)”可知，A项：Girl of the Limberlost是关于自然保护的。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“You cannot miss these tales of surviving in the wild.(你不能错过这些野外生存的故事)”可知，这四本书的共同点是它们都讲述了在野外求生冒险的经历。故选D。B“I have cancer.”Mom said and held me in a tight hug.I could feel her chest shaking as she tried not to cry but failed.For all of my twenty-four years,my mom had been supportive.Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.Now I knew it would have to flow the other way.Mom didn’t stay down for long.After the shock of breast-cancer,she armed herself with a notebook and a pen and a thousand questions for the doctors.She took notes on white blood cell counts and medications(药物)with long names as though she were studying for entrance exams into medical school.”The not-knowing is the worst.”she said.The operation was successful.The chemo(化疗)was the harder part.I went with Mom to every chemo treatment.She rarely complained,though her hair was gone and her toenails and fingernails fell out one by one.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”Cancer can take my hair,my nails,my health,my very life. But it can’t take my smile.”Mom said.Mom learned to share her fears with me,and it formed an even deeper bond between us.Yet I am certain there were fears she didn’t share because she was still protecting me-worries she only shared with Dad.Even in the darkest hours,she would just joke about the cancer. Mom always said,”When you look your greatest fear in the eye and laugh at it,you take away some of its power.”Mom was one of the lucky ones.She did beat her cancer,though not without scars.From her,I’ve learned I may not get to choose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it.4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?A. There were other ways to treat cancer.B. Knowledge of cancer would be helpful.C. Mom had to stay stronger to beat cancer.D. I should be the one being there for Mom.5. Which of the following words can best describe Mom?A. Humorous and generous.B. Considerate and ambitious.C. Optimistic and determined.D. Caring and knowledgeable.6. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?A. The fear Mom shared with me.B. The ways Mom faced fear.C. The jokes Mom told me.D. The bond Mom and I formed.7. What lesson did the author learn from Mom?A. Luck counts in beating diseases.B. Complaint does no good to one’s health.C. Positive attitudes get one through hardship forD. Sharing feelings helps reduce sufferings a lot.【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述妈妈与癌症作抗争的过程中保持积极乐观态度，并对作者产生重大影响的故事。【4题详解】句意推测题。由前一句“Strength and protection had always flowed from her to me.”母亲给予我很多关爱和支持，下一句中“the other way around”意思为从相反方向，可知此处暗含的意思为现在轮到作者给母亲关爱和支持。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。从第四段的第三句“.She joked that she could save money on nail polish and put it toward the doctor bills,even though she never wore nail polish.”可知妈妈虽然因化疗失去指甲，但仍能保持乐观态度，开玩笑说没有了指甲可以省下钱指甲油的钱来付医药费。以及，从第二段妈妈拿着纸和笔问医生各种各样有关癌症的问题，能看出妈妈战胜病魔的决心。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。第五段，妈妈“ learned to share her fears with me”“she would just joke about the cancer”，这些都是妈妈在面对恐惧所采取的应对办法。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段最后一句“From her,I’ve learned I may not get to choose what I face,but I do get to choose how I face it.”可知，作者从妈妈身上学到了，“无法选择要面对的事情，但是可以选则用何种方式面对自己的遭遇”，而妈妈就是乐观面对病魔。故选C项。CBlack Friday refers to the day after Thanksgiving. On this day, crowds of shoppers flood into stores all over the country to take advantage of the season’s biggest holiday bargains. But the real story behind Black Friday is a bit complicated.The most commonly repeated story behind the post-Thanksgiving shopping-related Black Friday tradition links it to retailers (零售商). As the story goes, after an entire year of operating at a loss, recorded in red ink, stores would supposedly earn a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving, because holiday shoppers blew so much money on discounted products. Though it’s true that retail companies used to record losses in red and profits in black when doing their accounting, this version of Black Friday’s origin is not an accurate story behind the tradition.The true story behind Black Friday, however, is not as sunny as retailers might have you believe. Back in the 1950s, police in the city of Philadelphia used the term to describe the chaos that happened on the day after Thanksgiving, when tens of thousands of suburban shoppers and tourists flooded into the city in advance of the big Army-Navy football game held on that Saturday every year. Not only would the police not be able to take the day off, but also they would have to work extra-long shifts dealing with the additional crowds and traffic.The term didn’t spread to the rest of the country until much later, however, and as recently as 1985 it wasn’t in common use nationwide. Sometime in the late 1980s, however, retailers found a way to reinvent Black Friday and turn it into something that reflected positively on them and their customers. The result was the “red to black” concept mentioned earlier. The Black Friday story stuck, and pretty soon the term’s darker roots in Philadelphia were largely forgotten.8. What is usually believed to be the origin of Black Friday?A. The great profit retailers may gain. B. The way retailers do their accounting.C. The much money shoppers spend. D. The biggest bargains on this day.9. Why did police in Philadelphia refer to the day after Thanksgiving as Black Friday?A. They had to compete with more shoppers for bargains.B. They had to give up the big Army-Navy football game.C. They had to work more hours to deal with the chaos.D. They had to advance to suburb to fight against floods.10. The retailers reinvent Black Friday in the late 1980s ________.A. to attract more customers to shop B. to create the “red to black” conceptC. to make profits by this special event D. to change people’s impression of it11. What is the purpose of writing the passage?A. To introduce the real history of Black Friday.B. To explain a term with various meanings.C. To show the biggest shopping holiday in US.D. To remind readers of a forgotten truth of red and black.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了“黑色星期五”背后历史故事。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The most commonly repeated story behind the post-Thanksgiving shopping-related Black Friday tradition links it to retailers (零售 商). As the story goes, after an entire year of operating at a loss, recorded in red ink, stores would supposedly earn a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving, because holiday shoppers blew so much money on discounted products.”（感恩节后购物相关的黑色星期五传统背后最常被重复的故事是，它与零售商有关。正如故事所说，在用红墨水记录的整整一年亏损后，商店应该会在感恩节后的第二天以黑墨水标记盈利，因为假日购物者在打折产品上花了太多钱）可知，人们通常认为“黑色星期五”的起源是零售商记账的方式。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Not only would the police not be able to take the day off, but also they would have to work extra-long shifts dealing with the additional crowds and traffic.”（警察不仅不能休息一天，而且还必须加班加点，以应对额外的人群和交通）可知，为什么费城的警察把感恩节后的一天称为“黑色星期五”是因为他们不得不多工作几个小时来应付混乱局面。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sometime in the late 1980s, however, retailers found a way to reinvent Black Friday and turn it into something that reflected positively on them and their customers.”（然而，在20世纪80年代末的某个时候，零售商们找到了一种重新创造黑色星期五的方法，把它变成了一种对他们和他们的顾客产生积极影响的东西）可知，20世纪80年代末，零售商重新创造了了黑色星期五，以改变人们对它的印象。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“But the real story behind Black Friday is a bit complicated.”（但黑色星期五背后的真实故事有点复杂）以及下文的具体叙述可知，写这篇文章的目的是介绍“黑色星期五”的真实历史。故选A项。D“Baby signing” classes established to improve language skills actually make little difference to children's development, according to new research. Scholars claimed there was no evidence that the lessons—in which babies are taught simple gestures to communicate their everyday needs—enable children to talk quicker than others.In a three-year study, it was claimed that the method could make mothers more responsive to their children's behaviors but failed to actually increase babies' vocabulary. An active home environment in which parents regularly talk to their children was much more effective, researchers warmed. The findings will cast doubt on the movement—born in the United States—which has proved hugely popular among middle-class parents.Baby signing is now a multi-million pound industry, with thousands of mothers and fathers paying for classes, books and DVDs. Young children are taught simple gestures for words and phrases to communicate their everyday needs, such as “milk” “more” “all gone” “food” and “tired". It is claimed that the technique brings great benefits, including improving the relationship between mother and child, helping language development and even increasing a child's intelligence.But research from Hertfordshire University has found no evidence that using baby signing helps to improve their language development. The scholars added, “Baby signing has become big business and mothers, particularly first-time mums or less confident parents, feel the pressure to do it. Some even think ‘if I don't do it and everyone else does, I must be a bad mother’.”Nevertheless, baby signing experts hardly sustained the findings. Wendy Moat, 45, who has been running baby signing classes for three years, said that the classes encouraged speech development, and may help develop a higher IQ. She said, “So many mums say that their children talk so well because they did baby signing when they were babies. Parents wouldn't say it if they didn't believe it."12. Which of the following may help improve children's language skills？A. Using simple words and phrases.B. Talking to them as much as possible.C. Buying them more books and DVDs.D. Creating a serious home environment.13. According to Paragraph 4, some new mothers choose baby signing classes in that ________.A. they are influenced by othersB. they are sure of the effects of themC. they don't want to be looked down uponD. they don't know how to teach their children14. The underlined word “sustained" in the last paragraph means “________”A. dislike B. resistC. approved of D. figured out15. What's the main idea of the text？A. How to teach children to communicate effectively.B. Baby signing classes increase children's intelligence.C. How to improve the relationship between mother and child.D. Baby signing classes fail to improve children's language skills.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项最新研究结果——为提高语言能力而开设的婴儿手语课程实际上对儿童的语言技能发展几乎没有什么作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“An active home environment in which parents regularly talk to their children was much more effective.(一个父母经常和孩子交谈的，氛围活跃的家庭环境会更有效)”可知，尽可能多地和孩子交谈可能更有助于提高儿童的语言技能。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Some even think ‘if I don’t do it and everyone else does, I must be a bad mother’. (有些人甚至认为‘如果我不这样做，而其他人都这么做，我一定是个坏妈妈’)”可知，一些新手妈妈选择婴儿手语课是受他人影响，盲目跟风的行为。故选A项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据指代关系可知，最后一段“the findings”指的是第四段的“research from Hertfordshire University has found no evidence that using baby signing helps to improve their language development (Hertfordshire大学的研究没有发现使用婴儿手语有助于改善他们的语言发展的证据)”，但宝宝手语专家Wendy Moat 说的“the classes encouraged speech development (这些课程鼓励了语言的发展)”，可见，宝宝手语专家和研究发现形成对立的观点。因此综合“baby signing experts barely sustained the findings. (婴儿手语专家几乎不sustained这一发现) ”句意可知，“sustained”意为“支持、赞成”，C项approved of(赞成)符合语境。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中心句“‘Baby signing’ classes established to improve language skills actually make little difference to children’s development, according to new research.(最新研究显示，为提高语言能力而开设的‘婴儿手语’课程实际上对儿童的发展几乎没有什么作用)”和下文围绕这一观点展开的各项研究结果可知，本文主要讲婴儿手语课不能提高儿童的语言技能。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Reduce Gift Wrap WasteWrapping paper may have “paper” in its name, but that doesn’t automatically mean it can be recycled. ___16___ Try these suggestions for cutting down the amount of wrapping paper you throw away.Reuse what you have. ____17____ It’s estimated that the U.S. produces 4.6 million pounds of wrapping paper annually, and 2.3 million pounds of that stays in people’s homes, awaiting reuse.Use different materials. ___18___ Select basic brown thick paper that can be made up with a bow, ribbons, leaves, pinecones or markers. Repurpose newspapers, old posters and children’s school artworks as wrapping paper. There are plenty of other eco-friendly alternatives to wrapping paper that are just delightful and celebratory.___19___ Use baskets, fabric, gift boxes or bags, tea towels, and more to contain and display your presents. Learn the Japanese art of wrapping, using beautiful knots(绳结) to fasten colorful, reusable fabrics in attractive ways. This way, you’ll have no wrapping paper waste to deal with.Ask for better paper. Shops store what customers want, and recyclability should be a top priority, so let that be known when you’re out shopping. As explained by Simon Ellin, CEO of the Recycling Association, a trade body that represents about 90 waste management companies and paper merchants in the United Kingdom, “It’s a campaign we’ve been on all year — do you really need to design a non-paper wrapping paper? Make paper with recycling in mind!” ___20___A. Try zero waste.B. Shop with that in mind, too.C. You don’t have to choose shining paper to decorate a present.D. In fact, many types of wrapping paper cannot due to their materials.E. When wrapping paper is extremely thin, it has few good quality fibers for recycling.F. Wrapping paper can be used many times if care is taken to unwrap it without tearing.G. Having a mix of recyclable and non-recyclable papers is a real problem for companies.【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了几种减少包装纸浪费的方法。【16题详解】根据前文中的“Wrapping paper may have “paper” in its name, but that doesn’t automatically mean it can be recycled. ” 可知，包装纸的名字里可能有纸，但这并不意味着它可以回收利用，D选项“事实上，许多类型的包装纸由于其材料而不能被回收。”承接上文，讲了为什么有些包装纸不能回收利用，选项中的wrapping paper与上文中Wrapping paper一致，故选D。【17题详解】根据主题句“Reuse what you have.”（重复使用你用过的东西。）可知本段主要写重复使用你用过的包装纸， F选项“如果小心翼翼地打开包装纸而不撕裂，包装纸可以多次使用。”符合本段主题，故选F。【18题详解】根据主题句“Use different materials.” （使用不同的材料。）及下文“Select basic brown thick paper that can be made up with a bow, ribbons, leaves, pinecones or markers. Repurpose newspapers, old posters and children’s school artworks as wrapping paper. ” （选择基本的棕色厚纸，可以用蝴蝶结、丝带、树叶、松果或记号笔组成。把报纸、旧海报和儿童学校的艺术作品重新用作包装纸。）可知，你不必用精美的纸来装饰礼物，C选项扣题，故选C。【19题详解】根据本段“Use baskets, fabric, gift boxes or bags, tea towels, and more to contain and display your presents. Learn the Japanese art of wrapping, using beautiful knots(绳结) to fasten colorful, reusable fabrics in attractive ways. This way, you’ll have no wrapping paper waste to deal with.” （篮子、织物、礼盒或袋子、茶巾等来装和展示你的礼物。学习日本的包装艺术，用漂亮的绳结把色彩鲜艳、可重复使用的织物以吸引人的方式系牢。这样，你就不用浪费包装纸了。）可知，本段说的是用其他的东西代替包装纸来包装礼物，不要浪费。A选项“要零浪费”，符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“As explained by Simon Ellin, CEO of the Recycling Association, a trade body that represents about 90 waste management companies and paper merchants in the United Kingdom, ‘It’s a campaign we’ve been on all year — do you really need to design a non-paper wrapping paper? Make paper with recycling in mind! ’”正如回收协会(一个代表英国大约90家废物管理公司和造纸商的贸易组织)的首席执行官西蒙·艾林解释的那样：“这是我们一整年都在进行的一项运动——你真的需要设计一种非纸质的包装纸吗?造纸时要牢记回收利用！”可推断，下文应该说你去买包装纸的时候也应该要可回收利用的，B选项“购物时也要考虑到这一点。”符合语境，故选B。第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was nearly dinner time when my 5-year old daughter rushed into the house. Tears rolled down as she ____21____ her two hurt arms. I tried to persuade her to ____22____, as that was the fourth time she had crashed that day. I told her that children of her ____23____ usually rode with training wheels (辅助轮). But she ____24____ my advice and as soon as the bandages (绷带) were stuck on her ____25____, she headed back out the door.I watched from the kitchen window as she ____26____ time after time. I wanted to run out there and make her stop, ____27____ I couldn’t. I would have to let go. ____28____, she had agreed to wear her brother’s helmet and knee pads (护膝).Later that very evening, as I was washing the remaining dishes, I heard my daughter shout ____29____ to me. I rushed outside and sighed with _____30_____ to see that she was riding down the driveway with both her _____31_____ held high in the air. “Look, Mom, no hands!” she said, _____32_____ as she rode by.I suppose there will be many times to _____33_____ when my daughter will need me to simply _____34_____ Although it won’t be _____35_____, I’ll always remember how she taught me sometimes “no hands” is best.21. A. turnout B. held out C. picked up D. setup22. A. continue B. begin C. stop D. leave23. A. size B. class C. age D. area24. A. doubted B. followed C. asked D. ignored25. A. feet B. arms C. fingers D. head26. A. fell B. ran C. appeared D. rested27. A. but B. and C. so D. for28. A. In fact B. After all C. So far D. At once29. A. helplessly B. loudly C. angrily D. gently30. A. relief B. disappointment C. shock D. peace31. A. legs B. eyes C. hands D. ears32. A. jumping B. dancing C. moving D. laughing33. A. come B. lose C. offer D. happen34. A. watch out B. turnaround C. let go D. pass by35. A. different B. perfect C. necessary D. easy【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者看到自己的小女儿不怕摔伤坚持学会骑自行车的过程。这让作者感受到小女儿的坚强与独立，自己也该学会放手了。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她伸出两条受伤的手臂时，泪水滚落。A. turn out转向；B. held out伸出；C. picked up拾取；D. set up设置。根据下文“that was the fourth time she had crashed that day”可知，小女孩骑车摔伤了胳膊，跑进来给作者看。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。 句意：我试图说服她停下来，因为那是她那天第四次摔倒。A. continue继续；B. begin开始；C. stop停止；D. leave离开。根据下文“that was the fourth time she had crashed that day”可知， 这是小女孩今天第四次摔伤了， 作者试图劝她放弃，由第二段第二句“I wanted to run out there and make her stop”，也可是得到提示。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，她这个年纪的孩子通常骑有辅助轮的自行车。A. size尺寸；B. class等级；C. age年龄；D. area面积。根据上文“my 5-year old daughter”可知，小女孩只有五岁，像她怎么大年龄的孩子通常骑有辅助轮的自行车。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有理会我的建议，绷带一缠在她的手臂上，她就转身出了门。A. doubted怀疑；B. followed跟随；C. asked询问；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“she headed back out the door.”可知，她没有理会作者的建议。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她没有理会我的建议，绷带一缠在她的手臂上，她就转身出了门。A. feet脚；B. arms臂；C. fingers手指；D. head头。根据上文“her two hurt arms ”可知，绷带缠在了胳膊上。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从厨房的窗户看着她一次又一次地摔倒。A. fell跌倒；B. ran跑步；C. appeared出现；D. rested休息。根据上文“I wanted to run out there and make her stop”可知，作者看到她一次次跌倒。故选A项。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我想跑出去让她停下来，但我做不到。A. but但；B. and和；C. so所以；D. for因为。上文“make her stop””和下文“... I couldn’t””之间是转折关系。故选A项。【28题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：毕竟，她已经同意戴上她哥哥的头盔和护膝。A. In fact事实上；B. After all毕竟；C. So far到目前为止；D. At once立即。根据上文“I would have to let go.”可知，作者决定放手，因为她毕竟同意戴上了哥哥的头盔和护膝。故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上晚些时候，当我洗剩下的盘子时，我听到女儿大声对我喊叫。A. helplessly无助地；B. loudly大声；C. angrily愤怒地；D. gently温柔地。根据上文“Look, Mom, no hands!”可知，小女孩学会了骑车，因此大声地呼喊妈妈出来看。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我冲到外面，看到她双手高举在车道上骑着自行车，松了一口气。A. relief宽慰；B. disappointment失望；C. shock震惊；D. peace和平。根据下文“she was riding down the driveway with both her hands held high in the air.”作者看到女儿没有出意外，应该是送了一口气，如释重负。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我冲到外面，看到她双手高举在车道上骑着自行车，松了一口气。A. legs腿；B. eyes眼睛；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文小女孩的话“Look, Mom, no hands!”可知，她把手举向天空。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一边说，一边笑着骑自行车路过。A. jumping跳跃；B. dancing跳舞；C. moving移动；D. laughing大笑。根据上文“Look, Mom, no hands!”可知，学会了骑车，并能不用手扶着，小女孩自然是很高兴，laughing符合语境。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想会有很多次我的女儿需要我简单地放手。A. come来；B. lose输；C. offer 出价；D. happen发生。根据上文“I would have to let go. After all , she had agreed to wear her brother’s helmet and knee pads (护膝).”可知，妈妈并没有帮忙这次，而女儿学会了骑车，这让作者想到以后还有很多次需要放手的时候。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想会有很多次我的女儿需要我简单地放手。A. watch out小心；B. turnaround转向；C. let go放手；D. pass by超车。let go与第二段中“I would have to let go” 相呼应，也符合句意。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这并不容易，但我会永远记得她是如何教我的，有时“放手”是最好的。A. different不同的；B. perfect完美的；C. necessary必要的；D. easy简单的。根据上文“I wanted to run out there and make her stop, but I couldn’t. I would have to let go.”可知，作者不忍心看到女儿受伤，想让女儿放弃，由此可知对孩子放手不容易。故选D项。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was at the 2012 ISU World Figure Skating Championships that I first saw Japanese figure skater Hanyu Yuzuru. He competed in free skating with ____36____ piece of music from Romeo and Juliet. I was ____37____ (immediate) attracted to his amazing performance along with the expressive music.Yuzuru has been an ____38____ (inspire) for me in my years as a senior high school student. In his career so far, he ____39____ (experience) countless difficulties and injuries. In 2014’s ISU Grand Prix, he was badly hurt on the ice due to a collision. Even though he was bleeding, he still insisted on ____40____ (compete) with no regrets. What’s more, in the 2018 Rostelecom Cup in Moscow, he couldn’t even walk because of a problem with the ligament (韧带) in his right ankle. But he ended up winning the championship and then ____41____ (award) the gold medal.Despite suffering ____42____ asthma (哮喘), Yuzuru has always trained hard. He bravely overcomes obstacles so he can dance on the ice and live life to the ____43____ (full). From 2012 to 2021, I have been inspired by his spirit, ____44____ has helped me push forward no matter what._____45_____ (face) with homework and sliding grades, I watch videos of Yuzuru skating over and over again in search of hope and perseverance. After all, he succeeded against so much uncertainty. So how could I not face my own problems?【答案】36. a 37. immediately 38. inspiration 39. has experienced 40. competing 41. was awarded 42. from 43. fullest 44. which 45. Faced【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是羽生结弦对作者的积极的影响。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：他正在用《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中的一首乐曲参加自由滑冰比赛。piece是可数名词，且此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词a修饰，且a piece of为固定短语，意为“一首”，故填a。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：我立刻被他令人难以置信的表演和富有表现力的音乐所吸引。空格处用副词immediately修饰动词attracted，immediately意为“立刻”，故填immediately。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：当我还是高中生的时候，Yuzuru一直激励着我。an后跟可数名词的单数形式，inspire的名词是inspiration，故填inspiration。【39题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在他的职业生涯中，他经历了无数的困难和无数的伤害。由so far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，故填has experienced。【40题详解】考查动名词。句意：尽管他流血不止，但他仍然无怨无悔地坚持比赛。insist on后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处用动名词competing，故填competing。【41题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但他最终赢得了冠军，并获得了金牌。他是被授予金牌，句子用被动语态，结合前面的时间状语“in the 2018 Rostelecom Cup”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he是第三人称单数，故填was awarded。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：尽管患有哮喘，羽生始终刻苦训练。“患病”用短语suffer from，故填from【43题详解】考查最高级。句意：他勇敢地克服障碍，所以他可以在冰上跳舞，充实地生活。the后跟形容词或副词的最高级， to the fullest 意为“充实地”，故填fullest。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从2012年到2021年，我一直被羽生的精神所激励，无论发生什么事情，它都帮助我勇往直前。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“Yuzuru’s spirit”是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面临着作业和成绩下滑的重担，我一遍又一遍地观看Yuzuru滑冰的视频，寻找希望和毅力。句中watch是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，根据短语be faced with面临，面对，此处的过去分词表示状态，位于句首，大写，故填Faced。第三节 根据首字母或汉语提示，用单词的完整正确形式填空，每空填一个词。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）46. It’s difficult to keep t______ of all the languages that are disappearing in the world.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】track##rack【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：要记录世界上所有正在消失的语言是很困难的。keep track of记录。根据首字母提示及句意，故填track。47. Students with an identity card have a________ to using the digital library online. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】access##ccess【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：持有身份证的学生可以在线使用数字图书馆。根据句意“有权使用”和首字母提示a可知，此处使用名词access，have access to“有权使用”。故填access。48. The man was c______ with theft and he needed legal support. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】charged##harged【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这名男子被指控犯有盗窃罪，他需要法律支持。结合句子结构和首字母提示可知，动词charge“指控”符合题意，主语man和charge之间是被动关系，空处应填过去分词形式和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填charged。49. Further t______ will prevent cancer from developing.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】treatment##reatment【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：进一步的治疗将阻止癌症的发展。根据句意和首字母，设空处应填不可数名词treatment，意为“治疗”，作主语。故填treatment。50. Chongyang Festival is a day for people in China to show r______ to seniors. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】respect##espect【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：重阳节是中国人向长辈表达敬意的日子。动词show后面应该填入名词，作为宾语。再根据首字母提示和句意，故填入respect。51. They are already ______ (熟悉) faces on our TV screens .（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】familiar【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。分析句子可知，此处应填入形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词faces。再根据汉语提示，故填入familiar。52. To ________(保证，确保) everyone’s safety, the authority conducted rounds of nucleic acid testing. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】ensure【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保每个人的安全，当局进行了几轮的核酸检测。根据汉语提示“保证，确保”可知，此处为动词ensure，根据空前的动词不定式符号to可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，空处需填填动词原形。故填ensure。53. The system has been improved to satisfy the needs of different __________(个体). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】individuals【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：该系统已得到改进，以满足不同个人的需要。根据汉语提示可知，individual个体，可数名词，符合题意；different后需接可数名词复数。故填individuals。54. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy ______ (氛围). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】atmosphere【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：公司的老板正在努力营造一种轻松的氛围。分析句子可知，形容词easy作为定语，修饰后面的名词，此处应填入名词。再根据汉语提示和an可知，应用名词单数atmosphere，故填atmosphere。55. To read the ______ (原创的) work is better than to see the film. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】original【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：读原著比看电影好。分析句式特点可知，此处应该填入形容词作为定语，修饰后面的名词“work”，再根据汉语提示“原创的”应用形容词original，故填original。56. Walking after supper is ______ (benefit) to human health.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】beneficial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：晚饭后散步对人体健康有益。结合语意，晚饭后散步对人的健康是有益处的，空处应用形容词beneficial作表语，构成短语be beneficial to sth.，表示“对某事有益处”。故填beneficial。57. The village is made up of 30 families ______ (belong) to five nationalities. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】belonging【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该村由五个民族的30户人家组成。分析可知，空处作families的后置定语，应用非谓语动词形式，belong to和逻辑主语families之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填belonging。58. After I moved to a new city, I got used to my new ______ (surround) soon. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】surroundings【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我搬到一个新的城市后，很快就适应了我的新环境。空处应填名词作宾语，surroundings“环境”符合题意。故填surroundings。59. His ______ (perform) in the test was not good enough. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】performance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他在考试中的表现不够好。分析句子可知，his此处是作为“形容词性物主代词”，其后面应用名词，在句中做主语，且由后面的was可知，performance应用单数。故填performance。60. Apart from a few faults, he is a ______ (faith) friend. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】faithful【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：除了一些缺点外，他是一个忠实的朋友。空处修饰名词friend，应用形容词形式作定语，结合语意，空处应用形容词faithful，表示“忠实的”。故填faithful。第四部分 书面表达（满分25分）61. 假如你是李华，得知你的英国朋友Rick对即将到来的端午节非常感兴趣，请你给他写封信，内容包括：1.端午节的时间和意义；2.端午节庆祝活动和习俗等；3.邀请他来中国体验。注意：1.词数100-120词左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear Rick,How is everything going? Knowing that you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.As a traditional festival originating in China, the Dragon Boat festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar and is observed in memory of Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet in ancient times. During the festival, many activities are conducted such as racing dragon boats, drinking realgar wine and eating zongzi which is sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.Since you have a passion for the festival, why not come and get exposed to the celebrations in person? I will feel more than delighted if you pay a visit to China. Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Rick写信介绍即将到来的端午节。【详解】1.词汇积累庆祝：celebrate→observe举行：conduct→perform高兴的：delighted→happy亲自：in person→personally2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Knowing that you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.复合句：Because I know you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to tell you something specific about the festival and sincerely invite you to join my family in celebrating it.(使用了现在分词作状语。)【高分句型2】During the festival, many activities are conducted such as racing dragon boats, drinking realgar wine and eating zongzi which is sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.(使用了which 引导的定语从句。)听力答案：1—5 CACCA 6—10 BACCB 11—15 CBAAC 16—20 BCAAB
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