2023版高考英语一轮总复习第1部分模块知识复习Unit4NaturalDisasters课时作业新人教版必修第一册

这是一份2023版高考英语一轮总复习第1部分模块知识复习Unit4NaturalDisasters课时作业新人教版必修第一册，共7页。

A
(河北衡水2022年高三月考)
Superb flat 3 rms, great lcatin
It is a superb typically Parisian flat, uniquely decrated and very well lcated in the heart f the trendy Oberkampf area. It has 3 independent rms(645 square ft) and 4 beds. It can easily accmmdate up t 6 persns. The flat is lcated n the fifth flr, accessible by elevatr, f an Haussmanian building, with wden flrs and a balcny all alng the flat. It faces suth and is very bright and sunny mst f the time.
Huse with terrace(露台) in Paris Center
Small huse in a curtyard. The neighbrhd is very quiet with duble glazing in the rms facing the street. Because it is a small building and in rder t respect the ther inhabitants’ peace and quiet, it is nt permitted t have parties in the flat. Pets are nt permitted. In Paris center f Paris, 1 minute walk f the subway Réaumur­Sébastpl(line 3 and line 4), at 2 minutes f the subway Strasburg­Saint­Denis(line 8, line 9) and at 5 minutes f the subway Arts and Métiers(line 11). The huse is equipped with a small kitchen, with ven, micrwave, refrigeratr, freezer and all utensils(餐具) t ck.
The Artist’s Experience
Czy, warm atmsphere, perfect fr the traveler lking fr a real Paris experience. This reservatin is fr ne persn. Best neighbrhd in midtwn Paris fr the best price. This is a smking apartment. Bedrm is small, but very cmfrting. Kitchen is HUGE with tns f sunlight. Part f the apartment is an art wrkshp. Bathrm is large with skylight. Apartment is in back f the building, s the apartment is very quiet.
2 Av Des Champs Elysées 360° View
2 Rnd Pint des Champs Elysées lcated n the mst beautiful Avenue f the Wrld. Last Flr. 50 sqm＋50 sqm f Terraces with fantastic 360° view frm all ver Paris. The place appears in many TV Spt. Mst beautiful view ver Paris frm last flr in Champs Elysées.
1．If yu have a large family, which apartment will yu rent?
A．Superb flat 3 rms, great lcatin.
B．Huse with terrace in Paris Center.
C．The Artist’s Experience.
D．2 Av Des Champs Elysées 360° View.
2．What can we knw frm the secnd advertisement?
A．The huse is lcated in the heart f the trendy Oberkampf area.
B．Parties are nt permitted in the flat t keep a quiet neighbrhd.
C．Smking is nt allwed t respect the ther inhabitants’ health.
D．Cking is nt permitted althugh it has all kinds f ckers.
3．What’s the mst unique character f The Artist’s Experience?
A．Best neighbrhd. B．Peace and quiet.
C．N smking area. D．Art wrkshp.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇广告，介绍了正在出租的四套房子，它们在地理位置、空间、配套设施和环境等方面各具特色。
1．A 细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的“It can easily accmmdate up t 6 persns. ”可知这套房子空间大，容纳六口之家绰绰有余。故选A项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据第二则广告“…in rder t respect the ther inhabitants’ peace and quiet, it is nt permitted t have parties in the flat. Pets are nt permitted. ”可知，为了邻里之间的安宁，这套房子不允许开派对，不允许带宠物。故选B项。
3．D 细节理解题。根据第三则广告“Part f the apartment is an art wrkshp. ”可知，这套房子的一部分是艺术工作坊。故选D项。
B
(原创)It was a cludy Mnday in late Octber 2012 when Hurricane Sandy apprached Lng Island. I was cnfident that Sandy wuld pass thrugh leaving us undamaged because f ur experience with Hurricane Irene last year.
Sme f my neighbrs chse t leave but my husband and I decided t stay. My husband mved my car t higher grund and left his in the driveway. We pulled ut ur candles and flashlights and felt prepared fr Hurricane Sandy.
The sky had becme very dark. The heavy winds and rains had mved in. Pwer lines mved frm side t side rapidly and water rse quickly in my frnt yard. My husband put pumps in the garage t fight against the water. I watched in disbelief and helplessness as I realized that even the mst pwerful pump culd nt manage it.
My husband went t turn ff the main pwer f the huse t prevent a fire and mve his car t higher grund. The time that he was gne felt like an eternity and I was afraid t be alne. When I pened the dr, my husband was standing there and infrmed me that the water was t deep fr us t try t g thrugh. We had t stay and wait ut the strm.
When the water reached the third step f ur high ranch huse, we decided that we wuld climb t the rf if the water cntinued t rise.
We were nt prepared fr Sandy. The cst was huge in the lss f persnal items—such as pictures, vides…—that tied us t special memries f ur past. Despite that lss, I feel we are blessed t be alive and share ur stry.
4．Why did the cuple decided t stay?
A．Because they wanted t experience Sandy.
B．Because they had many things t lk after.
C．Because they had previus experience.
D．Because they were infrmed Sandy wuld be gentle.
5．What happened t the pump when the hurricane came?
A．The pump failed t fight against the water.
B．The pump failed t wrk because f pwer failure.
C．The pump wrked efficiently and successfully.
D．The pump saved them frm being drwned.
6．What’s the crrect rder f the fllwing events?
①The writer felt blessed t be alive and share her stry.
②They pulled ut their candles and flashlights fr Sandy.
③Hurricane Irene struck the writer’s neighburhd.
④The husband wanted t mve his car t a higher place.
⑤They decided they wuld climb t the rf in case.
A．②①③④⑤B．②③⑤④①
C．③⑤②④①D．③②④⑤①
7．What’s the writer’s attitude t the preparatins they made fr Sandy?
A．Pleased. B．Regretful.
C．Thankful. D．Relieved.
【语篇导读】作者在听到飓风Sandy即将来袭的预报后不以为然，邻居们选择离开，但夫妇二人选择留下来，但可怕的亲身经历使得他们后悔不迭。
4．C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“I was cnfident that Sandy wuld pass thrugh leaving us undamaged because f ur experience with Hurricane Irene last year. ”可知，作者在去年曾经经历过台风Irene，认为已经有了经验。故选C项。
5．A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的描述“My husband put pumps in the garage t fight against the water. I watched in disbelief and helplessness as I realized that even the mst pwerful pump culd nt manage it. ”可知，水涨得太快，即使功率再大的水泵也无济于事。故选A项。
6．D 细节理解题。通读全文内容，结合事件发展的顺序可知，应该是：Hurricane Irene发生在去年→他们拿出蜡烛和手电以防断电→丈夫把他的车开到更高处→水涨到3楼后决定爬到楼顶→体会感悟。故选D项。
7．B 观点态度题。根据最后一段“We were nt prepared fr Sandy. The cst was huge in the lss f persnal items…”可知，作者并没有对台风Sandy做好充分的准备，台风中失去了太多的家中的物品，同时对这对夫妇也是一次可怕的经历。故选B项。
C
(广东惠州市2021届高三下学期第一次模拟考试)
Every fur r five years, vast quantities f warm water build up alng the west cast f Suth America. This phenmenn, El Niñ(厄尔尼诺), creates strms that cause devastating flds. The result is cstly. In 2017, fr instance, El Niñ shut dwn nrthern Peru’s sugar­cane business.
Mdern farmers view El Niñ stically(坚忍地). They use mney saved in gd years t rebuild in bad nes. But histry suggests it need nt be like that. In a paper published recently, Ari Caramanica, an archaelgist at University f the Pacific, in Lima, shws hw it used t be dne. And the answer seems t be “better”．
Dr Caramanica and her clleagues have been studying the Pampa de Mcan, a castal desert plain in nrthern Peru. Pampa de Mcan is nt ideal fr farming. Its sil cntains little rganic matter and the annual rainfall in nn­Niñ years is usually less than tw centimetres. Tday’s farmers therefre depend n canals t carry water frm lcal rivers t their fields.
It had been assumed that ancient farmers had a similar arrangement — and s they did. But Dr Caramanica als fund eight canals that culd carry water far beynd the range f mdern farms. Since the climate was similar t the present day’s when these canals were dug, and the river n higher, she suppsed that they were intended t guide the fldwater arriving during Niñ years. Arund a quarter f the ancient agricultural infrastructure(基础设施) f this area seems t have been built nly fr managing Niñ­generated fldwater.
Evidence reveals that Pampa de Mcan prduced lts f crps in sme years. Dr Caramanica’s team als discvered tw cisterns(蓄水池) in the area. These, pssibly, were used t stre fldwater.
These findings suggest that, rather than resisting El Niñ, early farmers in Pampa de Mcan were ready t make use f it when it arrived. Precisely hw they managed their fields in Niñ years remains t be discvered. But mdern farmers might d well t learn frm them.
8．What d we knw abut El Niñ frm the text?
A．It can be used in farming.
B．It is usually caused by flds.
C．It has little influence n business.
D．It is always resisted as a disaster.
9．What made the farms in Pampa de Mcan prductive?
A．Rich sil. B．Agreeable climate.
C．Abundant rainfall. D．Agricultural cnstructins.
10．What’s the authr’s attitude t the ancient ways f dealing with El Niñ ?
A．Apprving. B．Indifferent.
C．Critical. D．Negative.
11．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Surviving El Niñ B．Living with El Niñ
C．Farming in Different Times D．Learning frm Histry
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。在最近发表的一篇论文中，考古学家Ari Caramanica展示了过去的农民是如何做到利用厄尔尼诺现象来帮助农业生产的。文章还介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及发现。
8．A 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“These findings suggest that, rather than resisting El Niñ, early farmers in Pampa de Mcan were ready t make use f it when it arrived(这些发现表明，潘帕德莫坎的早期农民并没有抵抗厄尔尼诺现象，而是在它到来时准备利用它)．”可知，D项“它总是作为一种灾难而被抵制”不准确。故选A项。
9．D 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Dr Caramanica和同事一直在研究秘鲁北部沿海沙漠平原潘帕德莫坎。潘帕德莫坎不是理想的农业用地。土壤有机质含量低，年降雨量在非厄尔尼诺年通常不到两厘米。因此，今天的农民依靠运河从当地的河流把水输送到他们的农田。在结合第四段内容可知，农业设施使莫坎潘帕的农场更多产。故选D项。
10．A 推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段内容可知，潘帕德莫坎的早期农民并没有抵抗厄尔尼诺现象，而是在它到来时准备利用它，修建了诸如渠道、蓄水池等农业设施，方法的确是有效的。因此推断作者对于古代处理厄尔尼诺的方法是支持的。故选A项。
11．B 主旨大意题。本文第三、四、五段介绍了古代农民是如何利用厄尔尼诺的，涉及了与厄尔尼诺共生存这一方面，并号召现代农民向他们学习。故选B项。
Ⅱ．七选五阅读
(2020·大同学情调研)Yu’ve prbably been hearing that breakfast is the mst imprtant meal f the day fr the better part f yur life. Things like “it’s brain fd” r “it actually speeds up yur metablism(新陈代谢)” are cmmnly cited as reasns t eat yur breakfast. __1__.
Scientists are unsure that breakfast speeds up yur metablism.
That’s right; __2__. And it’s nt nly scientists that say that! Nutritinists als agree: “Eating breakfast desn’t affect metablic rate in the way peple like t say it des. There are studies t supprt breakfast eating fr weight management, but nt fr a calrie­burning bst. ”
__3__.
Dn’t be fled by the beauty f that chclate chip pancakes. That is NOT ging t help yu lse weight. Hate t break it t yu, but the calries yu cnsume at breakfast matter just as much as the calries yu eat at every ther meal. S unless yu eat smething like bran(糠), which isn’t s easy n the stmach, with the smallest piece f apple ever, yu’re basically ut f luck.
If yu’re trying t gain weight, yu can ignre mst breakfast advice.
Althugh breakfast may nt be the be­all and end­all fr weight lss, we’ll admit it can help. But what abut thse flks wh want t live life large and in charge? Then yu can ttally ignre breakfast. __4__.
Nt t burst yur bubble, but smething desn’t quite add up.
In thery, eating breakfast helps cntrl yur appetite and hunger. But __5__， what’s t stp yu frm eating thse fries at lunch anyhw? Just saying if a bwl f fries lks gd, a bwl f fries shall be eaten.
A．That means n breakfast
B．It is nt a “magic bullet” fr weight lss
C．Well, breakfast haters, yur day has finally cme
D．Then yu can sleep in, eat like a wlf at lunch, and be n yur way
E．There are a lt f unhealthy breakfast fds that yu may think aren’t
F．there is n prf f a direct link between breakfast and a speedier metablism
G．if yu’re nt eating the right fds t satisfy yur hunger at breakfast anyways
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。通常人们认为，早餐有利于健脑和提高新陈代谢。而本文的观点恰恰相反：科学上并没有依据证明吃早餐能促进代谢，无论对于减肥还是增重，早餐都可以忽略。
1．C 本文的结构是“总分式”，首段尾句是过渡句——从早餐有利到早餐不利，C选项能够起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。
2．F 与本段小标题Scientists are unsure that breakfast speeds up yur metablism. 构成同义转述的唯有F项。F项中的metablism是解题的关键，这与本段讲述的内容完全一致。故选F项。
3．B 通览全段内容可知，本段讲述“早餐与减肥”的问题，B项内容与此相符，同时根据本段第二句“That is NOT ging t help yu lse weight. ”亦可知答案。故选B项。
4．D 根据本段小标题If yu’re trying t gain weight…这与D项中的eat like a wlf at lunch相呼应。故选D项。
5．G 下文反问句“…what’s t stp yu frm eating thse fries at lunch anyhw？”其所隐含的结论正好是以G为假设作为条件的。故选G项。