2023年高考英语全程考评特训卷课下天天练五含解析

这是一份2023年高考英语全程考评特训卷课下天天练五含解析，共11页。
阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
[2022·沈阳市高三统考]In a lt f ther states in America, warm sunny days mean lazy afternns are spent n the beach. In Oregn, peple pack hiking shes with their bathing suits. Here are 3 incredible hikes fr yu.
Cascade Head Preserve
Distance: 6.8 miles
Difficulty: Mderate
Nearest Twn: Lincln City
Managed by the internatinal nnprfit The Nature Cnservancy, the Cascade Head Preserve is an excellent hike that typically marks the divisin between the nrth and central Oregn cast. There are upper and lwer trailheads (小道的起点), with abut 3.4 miles f trails between the tw.
Cape Lkut
Distance: 5 miles
Difficulty: Easy
Nearest Twn: Tillamk
Of all the capes (岬) n the Oregn cast, Cape Lkut might be the mst famus, prjecting 1.5 miles int the cean. Visitrs can tackle the five­mile, rund­trip hike t the tip f the cape where they can enjy several incredible views ver the Pacific Ocean. Separate trails lead dwn t Suth Beach and the Campgrund.
Clatsp Lp Hike
Distance: 3 miles
Difficulty: Easy
Nearest Twn: Cannn Beach
There are several trails that traverse Tillamk Head at Ecla State Park, but the Clatsp Lp Hike takes tp hnr fr its breathtaking cliffside views and quiet frested paths. Take the seaside trail frm Indian Beach t the Hikers Camp, then take the frested path back. If yu really want t take up the challenge, yu can als hike the backside f Ecla fr an additinal 4 miles (ne way) t a trailhead at the seaside.
1．Which is the dividing line between the nrth and central Oregn cast?
A.Lincln City. B．Cascade Head Preserve.
C．Cape Lkut. D．Cannn Beach.
2．What can yu d while standing n the tip f the cape?
A．G camping in the wild.
B．G hiking thrugh the frests.
C．Kill time n the beach.
D．Enjy views ver the cean.
3．What is the Clatsp Lp Hike famus fr?
A．The vast frest.
B．The easy hikes.
C．The amazing scenery.
D．The quiet seaside.
B
[2022·贵阳市学期监测]After six decades, the animated (动画的) mvie Uprar in Heaven is still cnsidered amng the best in Chinese film histry. Adapted frm husehld classic nvel Jurney t the West in the 1960s, the mvie, featuring the Mnkey King fighting with the Jade Emperr and his fficials, has made the heric character ne f the mst widely recgnized characters in Chinese culture.
Seldm knwn, hwever, was the late graphic(绘画的) designer f the cartn, Zhang Guangyu(1900～1965), whse wrk has influenced many well­knwn artists, including the late Ye Qianyu (1907～1995), Huang Yngyu and Han Meilin.
In hnr f the 120th anniversary f Zhang's birth, a cllectin f his majr wrks, including Minjian Qingge (Flk Lve Pems) and Xiyu Manji (Cmics n Jurney t the West) has been published. There is als a grup f memirs frm Zhang's artist friends and ldest sn.
When designing the cartn characters fr Uprar in Heaven, Zhang brrwed styles frm traditinal Chinese sculpture, painted murals, wdcuts, paper­cuts and shadw puppetry. He als highlighted different persnal traits f the characters, such as the Mnkey King's inncence, integrity, curage and wisdm and the fatuity(昏庸)f the Jade Emperr, accrding t Li Keru, ne f the film's screenwriters.
Mrever, Zhang's characters act vividly, shwing the impact f psture, mvement, cstume and atmsphere cming frm Peking Opera. The settings in the cartn, such as the palace, lake, peach garden and the famus Huagu Muntain and Shuilian Cave belnging t the mnkeys, were inspired by Buddhist and Taist architecture.
Zhang became interested in watching Peking Opera perfrmers paint their faces backstage in his childhd. The makeup serves as an indicatr f the characters' persnalities.
4．What des the underlined wrd “late” in the secnd paragraph mean?
A．Guilty. B．Dead. C．Inncent. D．Famus.
5．Why was the cllectin f Zhang Guangyu's wrks published?
A．T perfrm a play. B．T hnr him.
C．T sht a film. D．T earn mney.
6．What were Zhang's characters mainly inspired by?
A．The memirs. B．Taist architecture.
C．Huagu Muntain. D．Peking Opera.
7．What is the text mainly abut?
A．A few famus Chinese artists.
B．Sme famus animated films.
C．Zhang Guangyu and his wrks.
D．A new style f art in China.
C
[2022·成都市高三摸底测试]As a ppular subject f study amng evlutinary eclgists, the three­spined stickleback (三刺鱼) is knwn fr their different shapes, sizes, and behaviurs—they can even live in bth sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range f temperatures. But what makes that?
The researchers tracked six ppulatins f the fish befre and after seasnal changes t their envirnment, using genme sequencing (基因组测序). Seasnal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance f salt and fresh water, and nly thse fish able t tlerate these rapid changes survive int the next seasn.
“These changes prbably resemble the habitat shifts experienced by stickleback ppulatins during the past 10，000 years，” says Prfessr Barrett. “We hpe t gain insight int the genetic changes that may have resulted frm natural selectin lng in the past.”
Remarkably, the researchers discvered the evidence f genetic changes driven by the seasnal shifts in habitats, which mirrred the differences fund between lng­established freshwater and saltwater ppulatins. “These genetic changes ccurred in independent ppulatins ver a single seasn, highlighting just hw quickly the effects f natural selectin can be detected，” says Prfessr Barrett, “the findings suggest that we may be able t use the genetic differences t predict hw ppulatins may adapt t the envirnment.”
The research emphasizes the imprtance f studying species in dynamic envirnments t gain a better understanding f hw natural selectin perates. In the further research, they plan t investigate hw repeatable the bserved genetic changes are, by testing whether they shw up year after year. Ding s wuld demnstrate their ability t reliably frecast the evlutinary future f these ppulatins.
8．What des the underlined wrd “that” refer t in Paragraph 1 ?
A．The three­spined stickleback is under a wide range f temperatures.
B．The three­spined stickleback is ppular with evlutinary eclgists.
C．The three­spined stickleback can adapt t different living cnditins.
D．The three­spined stickleback has different shapes, sizes, and behaviurs.
9．What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．The difficulties f the research.
B．The purpse f the research.
C．The backgrund f the research.
D．The methds f the research.
10．What is the main reasn fr the three­spined stickleback's survival?
A．Habitat shifts.
B．Genetic changes.
C．Seasnal changes.
D．Independent ppulatins.
11．Why will scientists study the repetitin f the genetic changes?
A．T knw what natural selectin is.
B．T study species in dynamic envirnments.
C．T test the reliability f the present discveries.
D．T frecast the evlutinary future f certain species.
D
[2022·T8八校高三第一次联考]Three passins, simple but verwhelmingly strng, have gverned my life: the lnging fr lve, the search fr knwledge, and unbearable pity fr the suffering f mankind. These passins, like great winds, have blwn me hither and thither, in a wayward curse ver a deep cean f anguish, reaching t the very verge f despair.
I have sught lve, first, because it brings ecstasy—ecstasy s great that I wuld ften have sacrificed all the rest f my life fr a few hurs f this jy. I have sught it, next, because it relieves lneliness—that terrible lneliness in which ne shivering cnsciusness lks ver the rim f the wrld int the cld unfathmable lifeless abyss. I have sught it, finally, because in the unin f lve I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring visin f the ideal place that saints and pets have imagined. This is what I sught, and thugh it might seem t gd fr human life, this is what—at last—I have fund.
With equal passin I have sught knwledge. I have wished t understand the hearts f men. I have wished t knw why the stars shine. And I have tried t apprehend the Pythagrean (毕达哥拉斯的) pwer by which number hlds sway abve the flux. A little f this, but nt much, I have achieved.
Lve and knwledge, s far as they were pssible, led upward tward the heavens. But always pity brught me back t earth. Eches f cries f pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims trtured by ppressrs, helpless ld peple being a hated burden t their sns, and the whle wrld f lneliness, pverty, and pain make a mckery (嘲弄) f what human life shuld be. I lng t alleviate (减轻) the evil, but I cannt, and I t suffer.
This has been my life. I have fund it wrth living, and wuld gladly live it again if the chance were ffered t me.
12．Which wuld be the best title f the essay?
A．The suffering f life.
B．The truth abut lve.
C．The frces driving me.
D．The pwer f knwledge.
13．What des the authr cmpare his life's passins t?
A．The shining stars.
B．Great winds.
C．A bttmless abyss.
D．A bundless cean.
14．Which is NOT a reasn why the authr has sught lve?
A．It relieves lneliness.
B．It brings ecstasy.
C．It prvides a glimpse f the ideal place.
D．It leads t a marriage.
15．What wuld the authr mst prbably agree with?
A．He regrets that he culd nt free himself f pity.
B．Human lve is ultimately disappinting.
C．The ideal place is merely a petic inventin.
D．A lving persn naturally wants t relieve the suffering f thers.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2022·济宁市高三模拟]Psychlgists have lng believed that human beings have a fairly cnsistent “negativity bias (消极偏见)” that leads us t pay mre attentin t negative thughts, feelings and events than t psitive nes. __1__ There is a psitive explanatin fr the questin. After all, we are mtivated t grw after a misstep. Hwever, we can't abandn urselves t the negativity bias frever. Hw? __2__
Practice Psitivity. Like yur muscles, yur thught patterns respnd t hw they are used and exercised. Yu dn't have t erase the negativity bias frm yur mind. __3__ Fr example, set calendar reminders thrughut yur day t cnvey an expressin f gratitude r simply adjust yur bdy language s yu're hlding yurself with strength and cnfidence.
__4__ We're living in a time f pandemic r financial stress and deep divisin. Our negativity biases call ur attentin tward thse realities. But we are well served t als see the pprtunities in this mment: Maybe there's a hme prject we therwise wuldn't have fund time t tackle.
Ask fr Psitive Reminders. Get in the habit f checking in with peple wh are with yu when gdness finds yu tday. Mentin t them, “That is an unexpected bit f praise frm the bss, isn't it？” __5__ And wh knws, yu may help yur friend, family member r cwrker have a mre psitive day as well!
A．Try the fllwing suggested ideas.
B．Redefine negativity as an pprtunity.
C．Instead, practice yur psitive lifestyle.
D．Its negative influence can never be avided.
E．Why and hw des this phenmenn happen?
F．Hw d yu handle it as yu try t live with mre psitivity?
G．Asking thers t cnfirm yur psitive insights can facilitate yur psitivity
课下天天练（五） 40分阅读提分练
第一节
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——远足地点介绍
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了俄勒冈州三个富有特色的远足地点，包括距离、难度和最近的市镇等信息。
1．答案与解析：B 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Cascade Head Preserve部分中的“the Cascade Head Preserve is an excellent hike that typically marks the divisin between the nrth and central Oregn cast”可知，两处的分界线是Cascade Head Preserve，故B项正确。
2．答案与解析：D 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Cape Lkut部分中的“Visitrs can tackle the five­mile, rund­trip hike t the tip f the cape where they can enjy several incredible views ver the Pacific Ocean”可知，站在岬的顶端，你可以欣赏到海洋风景，故D项正确。
3．答案与解析：C 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Clatsp Lp Hike部分中的“but the Clatsp Lp Hike takes tp hnr fr its breathtaking cliffside views and quiet frested paths”可知，Clatsp Lp Hike因其壮丽景色而著名，故C项正确。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——文化——平面设计师张光宇先生及其作品
【语篇解读】 张光宇先生是二十世纪六十年代动画电影《大闹天宫》的平面设计者。在设计《大闹天宫》的卡通形象时，他借鉴了中国传统雕塑、壁画、木刻、剪纸和皮影戏的风格，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响，他的作品影响了许多著名的艺术家。
4．答案与解析：B 考查理解词汇的能力。根据该句中的“Zhang Guangyu （1900～1965）”可知，张光宇生于1900年，故于1965年，结合第三段第一句中的“In hnr f the 120th anniversary f Zhang's birth”可以判断，该处表示“已故的平面设计师”，故画线词意为“已故的”，B项正确。
5．答案与解析：B 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第一句可知，为纪念张光宇120周年诞辰，他的主要作品集，包括《民间情歌》和《西游漫记》已经出版。故B项正确。
6．答案与解析：D 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第五段第一句可知，张光宇设计的人物举止生动，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响。据此可知，D项正确。
7．答案与解析：C 考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了平面设计师张光宇及其作品。他是二十世纪六十年代动画电影《大闹天宫》的平面设计者，他在设计《大闹天宫》的卡通形象时借鉴了中国传统雕塑、壁画、木刻、剪纸和皮影戏的风格，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响。他的作品影响了许多著名的艺术家。故C项正确。
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科学发现——三刺鱼通过基因改变适应环境
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了研究人员通过跟踪记录发现，三刺鱼可以在不同的环境中存活是由于其基因改变。
8．答案与解析：C 考查理解词汇的能力。代词一般指代上文中提到的内容，根据语境可知，that指代上文中的“they can even live in bth sea water and fresh water, and under a wide range f temperatures”，故C项“它们可以适应不同的生存环境”正确。
9．答案与解析：D 考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第二段中的“研究人员利用基因组测序，在它们生存环境季节性变化前后跟踪记录了6个种群的鱼类”可知，本段主要讲到了研究方法，故D项正确。
10．答案与解析：B 考查推断的能力。根据第四段中的“Remarkably, the seasnal shifts in habitats”可推知，三刺鱼之所以能够生存下去，其主要原因就在于为了生存所做的基因改变，故B项正确。
11．答案与解析：D 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“Ding s evlutinary future f these ppulatins”可知，科学家研究基因改变的重复是为了预测未来某些物种的进化前景，故D项正确。
D
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与自我——人生感悟——三种激情
【语篇解读】 本文探讨了影响作者的人生的三种激情：对爱情的渴望，对知识的探求和对苦难的悲悯。
12．答案与解析：C 考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句为全文的主旨句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要分析了影响作者的人生的三种激情。据此可知，C项最能概括全文主题。
13．答案与解析：B 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第二句中的“These passins, like great winds, have blwn me hither and thither”可知，作者把这三种激情比作狂风，故B项正确。
14．答案与解析：D 考查理解具体信息的能力。通读第二段可知，该段论述了作者寻求爱情的三个原因：带来狂喜（第二段第一句中的I have sught lve, first, because it brings ecstasy），减轻孤独（第二段第二句中的I have sught it, next, because it relieves lneliness），让人瞥见理想之地（第二段第三句中的I have sught it, finally, because... f the ideal place）。文中没有提及婚姻，故D项符合题意。
15．答案与解析：D 考查推断的能力。根据第四段尾句“I lng t alleviate （减轻） the evil, but I cannt, and I t suffer”可知，作者渴望减少罪恶，但是无能为力；据此可推知，“有爱心的人自然而然地想要减轻别人的痛苦”是作者最有可能赞同的观点，故D项正确。
第二节
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——意见建议——介绍了几条消除消极偏见的建议
【语篇解读】 主要介绍了几条消除消极偏见的建议。
1．答案与解析：E 空格前讲消极偏见导致人们更加关注消极的思想、情感和事情；空格后讲对于这个问题有一个积极的解释。E项“为什么会出现这种现象以及这种现象是怎样出现的呢”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
2．答案与解析：A 空格前讲然而，我们不能永远沉溺于消极偏见中。那要怎样做呢？空格后提出了几条建议。A项“尝试一下以下的建议”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
3．答案与解析：C 空格前讲你不需要把消极偏见从你的脑海中抹去；空格后举例说明用积极的态度去面对消极偏见。C项“相反，养成你的积极的生活方式”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
4．答案与解析：B 空格处为本段小标题。空格后讲我们生活在一个大流行或（有）经济压力和严重分歧的社会。我们的消极偏见会让我们关注这些现实。但我们也很幸运地看到了这一刻的机遇。B项“将消极重新定义为一种机会”统领全段，适合做本段小标题。故选B。
5．答案与解析：G 空格前讲这是来自老板出乎意料的一点表扬，不是吗？空格后讲你也可以帮助你的朋友、家人或同事度过更积极的一天。G项“让别人肯定你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【亮点句积累】Fr example, set calendar reminders thrughut yur day t cnvey an expressin f gratitude r simply adjust yur bdy language s yu're hlding yurself with strength and cnfidence.（第二段最后一句）
译文：例如，每天设置日历提醒以表达感激之情，或者简单地调整肢体语言，以保持你的力量和自信。
词汇积累：cnsistent adj. 一致的，连贯的 abandn v. 抛弃，放纵 cnvey v. 表达，传送 tackle v. 应付，处理