人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues课后作业题

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues课后作业题，共20页。
Unit 2 Morals and Virtues测试卷
（B卷提升卷）解析板
【新人教板】
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
    When I was seven years old, my family created an ant (蚂蚁) farm. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box, and then we waited for the live ants to arrive. Shortly after the ants were dropped into the glass box, they got to work making tunnels (地道). I was amazed that each one knew exactly what to do. After hours of staring, I realized that the ants had their own jobs. With my mom's help, I kept a diary of what happened each day and named the ants.
    On the fifth day, a disaster hit the ant farm. The pages of the diary, still wrinkled where teardrops fell, show the depth of the disaster. I had put my face so close to the glass box that I knocked it over. All the tunnels fell down. Although the ants survived the earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was frightened as I watched them give up their tunnel-building to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm. My mother said that the ants were dying of "sadness". They simply could not stand the reality that their tunnels had been destroyed.
    Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, but it taught me much more. Over the years, I came to realize the importance of teamwork. Working together, the ants were able to make an amazing world for themselves. I also learned that they should be praised for their hard work.
​    But there was an even larger lesson that I did not realize until recently: Adversity (逆境) is a natural part of life, and must be accepted. Unlike the ants, we humans cannot give up when we face disappointment. Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel falls down, we just have to build another.
1. What happened to the ant farm on the fifth day?
A. A heavy rain hit the ant farm unexpectedly.
B. The tunnels in the glass box were destroyed.
C. The ants all died when the tunnels fell down.
D. The ant farm was rebuilt after the accident.
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查细节理解题。根据第二段On the fifth day, a disaster hit the ant farm. 第五天，一场灾难袭击了蚂蚁农场。以及I had put my face so close to the glass box that I knocked it over. All the tunnels fell down. 我的脸离玻璃盒子太近，把它打翻了。所有的蚂蚁窝都坍塌了。可知，在第五天玻璃盒子里的蚂蚁窝被毁了。故选B项。
2. The mother built an ant farm to help the writer to ________.
A. learn to accept reality
B. explore the natural world
C. understand how to work together
D. realize the importance of hard work
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查推理判断题。根据第三段第二句Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, but it taught me much more.妈妈本希望它能教我了解自然世界，但它教会了我更多。可知， 母亲本希望通过建蚂蚁农场来帮助作者探索自然世界。故选B项。
3. Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with?
A. Adversity makes humans even stronger.
B. Humans should try hard to avoid disasters.
C. Mothers should let their kids experience failures.
D. Ants are braver than humans in face of adversity.
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查推理判断题。根据最后一段的Adversity（逆境）is a natural part of life, and must be accepted. Unlike the ants, we humans cannot give up when we face disappointment. Unlike the ants, we have to realize that if a tunnel falls down, we just have to build another.逆境是生活的自然组成部分，必须被接受。与蚂蚁不同，我们人类在面对失望时不能放弃。与蚂蚁不同的是，我们必须意识到，如果一条隧道坍塌，我们只需再修建一条。可知，作者可能会同意选项A的说法.Adversity makes humans even stronger.逆境使人类更加强大。故选A项。
B
    I had difficulty in finding work when I was in my twenties. Finally, Seagulls Reuse in Leeds took me on as a volunteer. It's an environmental social enterprise that rescues 400 tonnes of paint from landfill (垃圾填埋池) annually and repurposes it to offer a bespoke (定制的) paint-mixing service. I carved out my own role, mixing paint, working with other volunteers and assisting customers, before being hired as a decorator and full-time member of staff. It wasn't until then, in my late 20s, that I realised I'm colour-blind.   
    Mixing paint is nothing like the colour wheel you learn at school; blue and green doesn't just make green. You don't even mix different greens to make green paint. It's more technical and complex than that, and there are so many subtle (微妙的) variations.   
    Dulux and other big companies let machines do all the work, but our process is nothing like that. We can also only use the colours we have in the warehouse that day, so we sometimes have to get creative. They have scientists, but we have our intuition (直觉), years of experience and an essential human touch and eye.   
    I'm 38 now, and have been at Seagulls for 11 years. I've learned that I struggle most with colours. I see green in dark browns and creams and some reds I see as pink. So, along with the knowledge I've now memorised, I use different skills with customers. I get them involved by explaining how I'm creating their paint and encourage feedback (反馈). That way, we're both helping each other get the perfect result. I write down things I do wrong, so I don't repeat them.   
    If I tell customers I'm colour-blind, they're always shocked and say they'd never have guessed. I do have a visual problem, but I'm not angry about it and wouldn't change it even if I could. It's made me push myself harder.
4. Why did the author volunteer to work in Seagulls Reuse?
A. It accepted colour-blind staff.
B. It helped to save the environment.
C. He had no other better jobs to do.
D. He possessed a talent for the work.
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查细节理解题。根据第一段中的I had difficulty in finding work when I was in my twenties. Finally, Seagulls Reuse in Leeds took me on as a volunteer可知，作者当时找不到其他的工作，所以去当了志愿者。故选C项。
5. What does Paragraph 2 tell us about mixing paint?
A. It's rather challenging.
B. It's compulsory at school.
C. It's attractive to teenagers.
D. It's unbearable to the author.
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查推理判断题。根据第二段中的You don't even mix different greens to make green paint. It's more technical and complex than that, and there are so many subtle variations.(你甚至不需要混合不同的绿色来制作绿色涂料。它比那更技术和复杂，而且有许多微妙的变化。)可推知，作者认为配颜料的工作做起来很难。故选A项。
6. How does the author improve his work?
A. By learning from his mistakes.
B. By depending more on machines.
C. By turning to experts if necessary.
D. By managing to see colours correctly.
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查细节理解题。根据第四段中的I write down things I do wrong, so I don't repeat them可知，作者通过从错误中学习来提升自己的工作能力。故选A项。
7. What can we learn from the author's story?
A. We shouldn't regret what we’ve done.
B. We should do what we're really good at.
C. We shouldn't let our problems hold us back.
D. We should keep learning new things all our life.
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查推理判断题。本文主要讲述了天生色盲的作者，凭借自己的努力把那份配颜料的工作坚持了下来，由此可推知，我们不应该让我们面临的问题阻碍我们前进。故选C项。
C
    Our bachelor uncle lived with us, who loved hunting and fishing; and it was one of the pleasures of our young life to go fishing with him.
    I remember my first fishing experience as if it happened yesterday. I was very excited when I received that first fishing pole from my uncle's hand, and went fishing with him. It was a still, sweet day of early summer; the leaves seemed greener, the flowers brighter, the birds merrier, than ever before.
    My uncle considerately placed me at the most favorable point. I threw out my line as I had so often seen others, and waited anxiously for a bite, moving the bait (鱼饵) in rapid movement on the surface of the water just like the jumps of a frog. Nothing came of it. "Try again," said my uncle. Suddenly the bait sank out of sight. "Now for it," thought I, "here is a fish at last."
    I made a strong pull, and brought up a tangle of weeds. Again and again I cast out my line with aching arms, and drew it back empty. "Try once more," he said, "we fishermen must have patience to catch a fish." "But remember, boy," he said, with his big smile, "never say you've caught a fish until it is on dry ground. It's no use showing off anything until it's done."
    How often since I have been reminded of the fish that I did not catch! When I hear people boasting of a work as yet undone, I will remember the wise caution of my uncle in that particular instance takes the form of a proverb of universal application: "NEVER BOAST (吹嘘) OF YOUR FISH BEFORE YOU CATCH HIM."
8. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2, we can infer that_____________.
A.   the leaves and the flowers were not so beautiful before.
B.   the birds ate lots of fish and felt far merrier than before.
C.   that day the author was much happier than ever before.
D.   that day the uncle was much happier than ever before.
【答案】C
【解析】根据划线句子的描述：比起以前，叶子更绿了，花儿更鲜艳了，鸟儿更欢了，说明了作者陪叔叔去钓鱼，心情特别好，看什么都更美好了，故选C项。
9. What message can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Don't count your chickens before they're hatched.
B. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
C. One false step will make a great difference.
D. True friends have hearts that beat as one.
【答案】A
【解析】根据倒数第二段he said, with his big smile, "never say you've caught a fish until it is on dry ground. 叔叔笑着对我说：鱼儿为上岸，你就不能炫耀。言外之意：不要如意算盘打得太早，故选A项。
10. Which of the following can best describe the author’s uncle?
A. Strong and brave. B. Wise and patient.
C. Patient and strong. D. Lazy and talkative.
【答案】B
【解析】根据最后两段叔叔教我的道理，说明叔叔很睿智；根据倒数第三段"Try again,"说明叔叔很耐心，故选B项。
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A sweet day of summer B. My first fishing pole
C. The way to catch a fish D. The fish I didn’t catch
【答案】D
【解析】本文讲述了作者小时候和叔叔出去钓鱼。虽没有钓到鱼，但是的叔叔教会了他一个道理：鱼儿还未上钩就不要吹嘘，不要得意的太早。故选D项。
D
  There is an old saying in Chinese: "To do a good job, one must first sharpen oneˈs tools." When it comes to photography, however, itˈs not exactly the case. In this yearˈs National Geographic Travel Photo Contest, Greenlandic Winter, a picture by Chinese photographer Chu Weimin, took first place in the cities category and won the overall grand prize as well.
When asked why he chose Upernavik, a small fishing village in Greenland, to take his pictures, Chu described the first time he spotted the village from an airplane. "Through my entire flight, I could only see the land, covered by pure white ice and snow. But I suddenly saw a big, warm dot in the far distance——Upernavik," he told National Geographic. "The beauty of this tranquil (宁静的) village was beyond my imagination. It was a ˈwowˈ moment for me." This ability to identify a "wow moment" is what makes a good travel photographer.
According to Chu, he was moved by Upernavikˈs blue tint at dusk, the warm yellow light from the windows, and the family of three walking along the snowy street. Although he is a professional photographer, many of Chuˈs Greenland pictures were shot with his phone.
    This attitude echoes that of Austrian-American photographer Ernest Haas (1921-1986). Haas told his students that they were too obsessed with cameras to understand the essence of photography. "The camera doesnˈt make a bit of difference," Haas said. "All of them can record what you are seeing. But you have to SEE."
    Perhaps itˈs not just in photography that weˈve put too much emphasis on the role of tools. How many of you are reluctant to start a new sport or learn new software simply because you donˈt yet have the "right" outfit (装备) or computer?
    Itˈs true that "sharpened" tools make the work easier, hut as reporter Abhilash Pavuluri wrote on Firstpost: "In the end, itˈs really the artist that makes a good painting, not the paintbrush."
12. What do we know about Chu Weimin?
A. He is better at photographing people than scenery.
B. His award–winning picture is set in a peaceful village.
C. His shooting style stands out from other photographers.
D. He is the first Chinese person to win the National Geographic Photo Contest.
【答案】B
【解析】根据文章第二段"The beauty of this tranquil (宁静的) village was beyond my imagination. It was a ˈwowˈ moment for me." This ability to identify a "wow moment" is what makes a good travel photographer.讲述他获奖照片拍摄的原因可知他获奖的照片是在一个和平的村庄里拍摄的。故选B项。
13. Whatˈs the main purpose of Paragraph 3?
A. To explain why Chuˈs picture stands out.
B. To introduce Chuˈs love for Upernavik.
C. To recommend a good place for taking photos.
D. To describe Chuˈs inspiration for the winning picture.
【答案】D
【解析】根据第三段”he was moved by Upernavikˈs blue tint at dusk,“ Although he is a professional photographer, many of Chuˈs Greenland pictures were shot with his phone.他被黄昏Upernavikˈs蓝色的色调所感动，窗户上温暖的黄光，三个人的家人沿着雪上的街道走着。虽然他是一名专业摄影师，但 Chuˈs格陵兰岛的许多照片都是用他的手机拍摄的。可知他创作的灵感来自黄昏。故选D项。
14. What makes a good photographer, according to Haas?
A. The ability to find beauty.
B. Enthusiasm for photography.
C. Having rich parents.
D. Owning the best camera equipment.
【答案】A
【解析】根据第四段”Although he is a professional photographer, many of Chuˈs Greenland pictures were shot with his phone.“哈斯告诉他的学生，他们太痴迷于相机，无法理解摄影的本质。哈斯说：他们都能记录你所看到的。但你得去看看。“由此可知我们要自己亲身实践去发现美，故选 A项。
15. The underlined word "reluctant" in paragraph 5 has the closest meaning to ________.
A. glad B. unwilling C. confident D. supposed
【答案】B
【解析】根据第五段 Perhaps itˈs not just in photography that weˈve put too much emphasis on the role of tools.有多少人不愿意开始一项新的运动或学习新的软件，仅仅因为你还没有“合适的”装备或计算机？由此可知正是因为我们不愿意去开始新的学习或发现，不愿意磨练自己，故选B项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Teenage depression (抑郁症) isn't just a bad mood. It's a serious problem that affects every aspect of a teen's life.      (16)      Here are some ways of dealing with your depression.
 Try not to isolate (使孤立) yourself
         (17)      Just getting out of bed in the morning can be difficult, but isolating yourself only makes things worse. Make it a point to stay social, even if it's the last thing you want to do.
 Do any physical activity
    Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mood.     (18)      You can benefit from exercising, which will instantly make you feel better. Physical activities can be as effective as medications (药物) for depression, so get involved in sports. Ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps!     (19)     
     (20)     
    Stress and worry can lead to depression. Talk to a teacher or people that you trust if exams or classes are making you anxious. Likewise, if you have a health concern you feel you can't tell to your parents, seek medical attention at a clinic, or see a doctor.
A．Even a short walk can be beneficial.
B．Ask for help if you're stressed
C．But don't worry; you do have some control over it.
D．Exercise has been shown to help with depression.
E．You may not feel like seeing anybody or doing anything.
F．The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be.
G．Turn to your parents for help
16. 【答案】C
【解析】考查段中衔接题。根据前文“It's a serious problem that affects every aspect of a teen's life.这是一个严重的问题，会影响到青少年生活的方方面面。”及空后的“Here are some ways of dealing with your depression.以下是一些应对抑郁症的方法。”可知C项（但不要担心，你的确可以对它进行控制。）能够承接上下文，故选C项。
17. 【答案】E
【解析】考查段首逻辑句。根据后文“Just getting out of bed in the morning can be difficult, but isolating yourself only makes things worse.”可知，早上起床可能很困难，但是孤立自己只会使事情变得更糟。分析选项，E项（你可能不想看到任何人或做任何事情。）符合语境，故选E项。
18. 【答案】D
【解析】考查段中衔接题。根据前文“Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mood.选择健康的生活方式可以为你的心情带来奇迹。”及空后的“You can benefit from exercising, which will instantly make you feel better.你可以从运动中受益，这马上会使你感觉好些。”可知D项（运动已被证明有助于缓解抑郁症。）能够承接上下文，故选D项。
19. 【答案】A
【解析】考查句尾总结。根据前文“Physical activities can be as effective as medications (药物) for depression, so get involved in sports. Ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps!体育活动像药物一样有效治疗抑郁症，因此请参与运动。骑自行车或参加舞蹈课。任何活动都有帮助！”可知A项（即使距离很短的步行也是有益的。）与前文联系紧密，故选A项。
20. 【答案】B
【解析】本题考查小标题。本段主要谈到的是向他人寻求帮助。分析选项，可知B项（如果你有压力，请寻求帮助）能够作为本段的标题，故选B项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
  Both my parents were born to help plants grow well. Our family   (21)   the food we grew in our huge vegetable garden. My mother canned much of the produce for winter, and my father sold vegetables to the stores and high schools. Our garden was the   (22)   of the neighborhood. But one summer, we had a   (23)  . Someone was stealing some of our vegetables.
    Then one of the neighbors tipped us off that an old bachelor (单身汉), who lived a short distance from us, was seen   (24)   some vegetables in a nearby town. Benny didn't have a garden, so he was   (25)   getting his vegetables from someone else's garden. Actually, Benny wasn't a(n)   (26)   fellow. My dad often   (27)   him for part-time jobs just to help him out. My parents figured he was taking our vegetables just to earn a few extra dollars.   (28)   stealing is stealing. My father decided to   (29)   this situation in his own way: Hiring Benny to guard the garden. But the others in my family were all   (30)   it.
    When my father asked him about the job, Benny was obviously a bit   (31)  , but he finally agreed. Needless to say, there were no vegetables missing the next day. Whether or not Benny slept most of the night wasn't   (32)  . The fact was that Dad's plan was working,   (33)   better than my father had planned. You see, each morning, after Benny got done sleeping, guarding the garden, he'd   (34)   long enough for breakfast with us.
    Now, Benny got to like this garden business. By the following spring, Benny had his own garden with my father's help. Of course... for some   (35)  , we don't need a garden guard anymore.
21.  A. stuck to B. referred to C. depended on D. gave away
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们家依靠我们在大菜园里种的食物生活。A.stuck to粘在……上面；B.referred to提及；C.depended on依赖，依靠；D.gave away赠送，泄露。根据句意，故选C项。
22. A. pride B. prize C. price D. project
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。句意：我们家的菜园是邻居的骄傲。但是有一个夏天，我们遇到了一个问题。有人偷了我们的一些蔬菜。A.pride骄傲；B.prize奖金；C.price价格；D.project工程，项目。根据句意，故选A项。
23.  A. fear B. problem C. point D. thought
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。句意同上题。A.fear害怕；B.problem问题；C.point观点；D.thought想法。此处指菜被偷的问题，故选B项。
24. A. buying B. growing C. getting D. selling
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词辨析。句意：然后，一位邻居向我们通风报信，说有人看见一位住在离我们不远的老单身汉在附近的一个镇上卖菜。A.buying买；B.growing种植；C.getting得到；D.selling卖。根据My parents figured he was taking our vegetables just to earn a few extra dollars中的earn a few extra dollars可知，此处指卖，故选D项。
25. A. exactly B. obviously C. extremely D. eventually
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查副词辨析。句意：本尼没有菜园，所以很明显他的蔬菜是从别人的菜园里偷的。A.exactly准确地；B.obviously明显地；C.extremely特别地；D.eventually终于。根据句意，故选B项。
26. A. strange B. good C. honest D. bad
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查形容词辨析。句意：实际上，本尼不是个坏家伙。A.strange奇怪的；B.good好的；C.honest诚实的；D.bad坏的。根据与Benny偷蔬菜形成转折，故选D项。
27. A. asked B. offered C. hired D. invited
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查动词辨析。句意：我爸爸经常雇他做兼职，只是为了帮助他摆脱困境。A.asked问；B.offered提供；C.hired聘用；D.invited邀请。根据语境，故选C项。
28. A. But B. And C. So D. Instead
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查连词辨析。句意：我父母认为他拿走我们的蔬菜只是为了多挣点钱。但偷窃就是偷窃。A.But但是；B.And而且；C.So因此；D.Instead相反。此处表转折关系，故选A项。
29. A. charge B. risk C. discuss D. handle
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词辨析。句意：我父亲决定用自己的方式来处理这种情况：雇本尼来看守菜园。A.charge起诉；B.risk冒险；C.discuss讨论；D.handle处理。此处指父亲通过雇佣本尼来处理菜被偷的问题，故选D项。
30. A. with B. for C. against D. beyond
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查介词辨析。句意：但我家其他人都反对。A.with和；B.for支持；C.against反对；D.beyond超越。本句表转折，前句说父亲雇佣本尼，故此处指家人反对，故选C项。
31.  A. shocked B. disappointed C. relieved D. annoyed
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查形容词辨析。句意：当我父亲问起这份工作时，本尼显然有点吃惊，但他最终还是同意了。A.shocked吃惊；B.disappointed失望；C.relieved欣慰；D.annoyed烦恼。此处指本尼偷了作者家的菜，作者的父亲竟然打算聘用他，这让他感到吃惊，故选A项。
32. A. right B. true C. important D. necessary
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查形容词辨析。句意：本尼晚上大部分时间是否睡觉并不重要。事实上，父亲的计划奏效了，甚至比计划的要更好。A.right正确的；B.true真实的；C.important重要的；D.necessary必要的。根据语境，故选C项。
33.  A. even B. ever C. so D. any
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查副词辨析。句意同上。A.even甚至；B.ever曾经；C.so所以；D.any任何。此处指递进关系，故选A项。
34.  A. stay around B. search about C. leave off D. start out
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：你看，每天早上，班尼守着菜园，睡够了以后，就会在我们这儿逗留很长时间，跟我们一起吃早饭。A.stay around逗留；B.search about搜寻；C.leave off停止；D.start out出发。根据语境，故选A项。
35. A. degree B. benefit C. sense D. reason
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查名词辨析。句意：当然，出于某种原因，我们不再需要菜园守卫了。A.degree学位；B.benefit受益；C.sense感觉；D.reason原因。根据语境，故选D项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, 100 restaurants across Shanghai advocated the use of serving utensils (器皿), as it is a key point of the control and        (36)       (prevent) of COVID-19.
Chinese people often eat together and share their       (37)       (dish) with others. The new system suggests      (38)        (add) separate chopsticks and spoons for serving when people dine together. Such a change of etiquette (礼仪) allows diners        (39)      (avoid) using their own chopsticks to pick food from the plates, and therefore       (40)       (great) reduces the chances of spread of many diseases.
Many restaurants       (41)       (adopt) the policy after the Municipal Office for Civilized Society published the suggestion,       (42)       also encourages the public to use separate utensils for shared food at home.
According to Qu Qi, a person in charge      (43)        a restaurant in Xuhui district, a sign       (44)       (put) up on the tables to inform people of the importance of using serving utensils, since the start of business on February 21. The waiters are also trained to supply a separate spoon or a pair of chopsticks for the diners. So far,       (45)       service has been well accepted by the majority of people.
This will be a long-term measure. In the future, each diner on the table will have their own serving chopsticks and spoons so as to prevent sharing of any kind of viruses and bacteria.
36.【答案】prevention
【解析】本题考查词性转换。空格前有定冠词the和由and连接与control并列名词作介词of的宾语，可知此处应用名词，动词prevent的名词为prevention阻止，不可数名词。故填prevention.
37.【答案】dishes 
【解析】本题考查名词复数。由动词share和形容词性物主代词their，要用名词作宾语。dish菜，佳肴，可数名词，可知此处应用复数表示一类事物，故填dishes.
38.【答案】adding 
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：新制度建议，当人们聚餐的时候，要增添单独的筷子和勺子。固定搭配suggest doing sth．建议做某事。此处是动名词作宾语。故填adding.
39.【答案】to avoid
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：这样一个礼节的变化，让吃饭的人避免了使用自己的筷子从盘子里夹菜。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.此处是不定式作宾补。故填to avoid.
40.【答案】greatly
【解析】本题考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰reduces应用副词作状语。形容词great的副词greatly大大地。故填greatly.
41.【答案】adopted
【解析】本题考查一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，此处adopt作谓语，由从句中的谓语动词published可知此处应用一般过去时。主句的谓语动词adopt的过去式adopted.故填adopted.
42.【答案】which
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：在市文明办公布这一建议后，许多餐馆采取了这一政策，这一建议还鼓励公众在家使用分开的餐具共享食物。分析句式可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词suggestion，指物，在从句中作主语，要用关系代词which.故填which.
43.【答案】of
【解析】本题考查短语搭配。固定短语 in charge of“负责”。故填of.
44.【答案】has been put
【解析】本题考查被动语态。根据时间状语since，可知此处应用现在完成时，且put up和sign之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态have been +过去分词。主语 a sign，第三人称单数，要用has，put的过去分词put.故填has been put.
45.【答案】the
【解析】本题考查冠词。根据上文The waiters are also trained to supply a separate spoon or a pair of chopsticks for the diners. （侍者也被训练为食客提供一个单独的勺子或一双筷子。）可知此处是指前面提到的服务，要用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约．请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示歉意
2．说明原因
3．另约时间
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Bob，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
    Li Hua

【答案】
Dear Bob，
I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon．I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon．I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble．
Shall we go on Saturday morning？We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books．If it’s convenient for you，let’s meet at 8：30 outside the school gate．If not，let me know what time suits you best．I should be available any time after school next week．
    Yours，
    Li Hua
【解析】
【思路指导】
本文为书信类作文，要求写一封道歉信，就不能如约一起去书向Bob道歉．要点虽然已经给出，但是需要进行适当的扩展，写作内容包括：表示歉意；说明原因；另约时间．注意使用连接词，使作文内容连贯．审题时注意本文使用一般现在时，人称主要用第一人称。
【写作语块】
go to someplace with sb和某人一起去某地；
attend a class meeting参加班会课；
cause sb trouble给某人添麻烦；
set out出发；
be available有空。
【高分句型】
1．I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon．这句中包含一个that引导的宾语从句，作动词found的宾语。
2．We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books．本句中包含一个so that引导的目的状语从句。
3．If not，let me know what time suits you best．本句中实际上是属于条件状语从句的省略，if not相当于If it is not convenient for you，know后面又有一个what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中和time一起作主语。
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续
写的词数应为150 左右。
A vacation with my mother    I had an interesting childhood： It was filled with surprise and 
amusements， all because of my mother-loving， sweet， and yet absent-minded and forgetful． One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her．
    My two sets of grandparents lived in Colorado and North Dakota， and my parents decided to 
spend a few weeks driving to those states and seeing all the sights along the way． As the first day of our trip approached， David， my eight-year-old brother， and I unwillingly said good-bye to all of our friends． Who knew if we'd ever see them again？ Finally， the moment of our departure 
arrived， and we loaded suitcases， books， games， camping equipment， and a tent into the car and
bravely drove off． We bravely drove off again two hours later after we'd returned home to get the purse and traveler's checks Mom had forgotten．
    David and I were always a little nervous when using gas station bathrooms if Mom was driving
while Dad slept：" You stand outside the door and play lookout（放哨） while I go， and I'll stand outside the door and play lookout while you go．" I had terrible 
pictures in my mind： "Honey， where are the kids？" "What？! Oh， Gosh…I thought  they 
were being awfully quiet．" We were never actually left behind in a strange city， but we weren't 
about to take any chances．
    On the fourth or fifth night， we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy． After driving in 
vain for some time， Mom suddenly got a great idea： Why didn't we find a house with a likely-
looking backyard and ask if we could set up tent there？ David and I became nervous． To our 
great relief，Dad turned down the idea．Mom never could understand our objections（反对）． If a strange family showed up on her front doorstep， Mom would have been delighted． She 
thinks everyone in the world as nice as she is．We finally found a vacancy in the next town．
注意：1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us．_____________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way． _____________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Paragraph 1：
The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us.To our delight，  Mom gave up the idea of  camping in some stranger's backyard． Instead， we found a wonderful camping site in the wild.It was a clearing in the woods by a small lake，where  Dad could catch some fish for dinner． We had no  trouble setting up our  tent， but we were disappointed to find that Mom forgot to pack up pillows． Needless to say， we all woke up with a sore neck the next morning．
Paragraph 2：
We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way.It was a fantastic  trip． We crossed big rivers and vast plains， climbed high mountains， and overlooked deep valleys． During the trip， Mom's being absent-minded not only got us into much trouble， but also gave us many funny moments． But luckily， she was not so  forgetful as to leave me and  David behind in the gas station bathrooms． We all arrived at grandparents' home safe and sound．
【解析】
【前文提要】
第一段：童年有趣，总是充满惊喜和欢乐，皆因母亲可爱又迷糊健忘的性格。
第二段：准备出游，万事俱备，但出发两小时后又返回家中，因为妈妈忘了钱包等。
第三段：兄弟俩对母亲的粗心大意可谓是心有余悸，生怕妈妈把他们落在加油站的厕所里独自上路，以至于上厕所要轮流"放哨"。
 第四段：妈妈是善良的，自然认为所有人都和自己一样善良，所以在找不到有空房的酒店时，妈妈才提议去别人的院子里搭帐篷。兄弟俩很紧张，还好爸爸否决了这个提议．最终一家人还是住进了酒店。
【续写线索】
第一段所给首句：The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us．
本段开头与前文衔接不太自然，却也就给考生提供了更为广阔的想象空间．既然记起了帐篷，那么可以围绕帐篷展开段落，可以体现母亲的"健忘"，也可突出母亲的"善良"，落脚在一些比较有趣的事上，与第一段"surprise and amusements"呼应。
第二段所给首句：We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way．
与前文"意外不断"不同，本段画风突变，转而写风景，续写可往心情愉悦的方面写。此处可以用一些描述景色环境的表达来烘托氛围，最终可把故事的落脚点放在"亲情""生活的乐趣""母亲的趣事"等方面。
【续写词汇】
文本关键词汇：
absent-minded， forgetful， trip， David， camping， tent， Mom， Dad， trouble， nice
话题激活词汇：
情感：happy， glad， wonderful， terrific， great
动作：laugh， smile
交通、旅行：drive， pull over， set the brake， set out， set off， trip， journey
环境：scenery， mountain， range， valley， river， lake， forest， sun， set， wind， blow