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初中英语Unit 1 Ancient Greece复习练习题
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这是一份初中英语Unit 1 Ancient Greece复习练习题，文件包含Unit1AncientGreeceB卷·能力提升解析版docx、Unit1AncientGreeceB卷·能力提升原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 1 Ancient Greece
B卷·提升能力
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．Greedy people are never satisfied _______ what they have at the moment.
A．to B．with C．from D．for
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：贪婪的人永远无法满足他们现在所拥有的东西。
考查形容词短语。根据固定短语搭配“be satisfied with” 对……满意,故选B。
2．Don’t worry. The nurse is ________ to take care of the sick baby.
A．enough carefully B．enough careful C．carefully enough D．careful enough
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：不要担心。护士足够细心照顾这个生病的婴儿。
考查形容词及enough的用法。careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词。be动词is后接形容词作表语，enough修饰形容词时，是放在形容词的后面，故选D。
3．Michael has read ________ grammar books, but I am sorry to say that he has learned ________ from them.
A．few, a little B．a few, little C．few, little D．a few, a little
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：迈克尔读过几本语法书，但遗憾的是，他并没有从中学到什么。
考查不定代词。few没有多少，修饰可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；little没有多少，修饰不可数名词。根据but可知，前后两句是相反意思，虽然读了许多语法书，但是学到了很少，故选B。
4．Mr. Jones prefers to stay at the hospital _______ he can care for his mother.
A．because of B．as soon as C．even if D．so that
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：Jones先生宁愿呆在医院里，以便照顾他的母亲。
考查连词辨析。because of因为；as soon as一……就……；even if即使；so that以便于。根据“Mr. Jones prefers to stay at the hospital … he can care for his mother”可知，待在医院的目的是为了照顾妈妈，用so that引导目的状语从句，故选D。
5．The group leader is thinking of different ways to make the party far ________.
A．exciting B．excited C．more exciting D．more excited
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：组长正在想办法让聚会更热闹。
考查形容词辨析和比较级。exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物；excited兴奋的，修饰人；far是形容词比较的标志词，故排除A、B；修饰party（物），则用exciting，故选C。
6．Look ! The children are having so much ________ playing hide and seek.
A．joke B．fun C．knowledge D．skill
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：你看！孩子们玩捉迷藏玩得很开心。
考查名词辨析。joke笑话；fun乐趣；knowledge知识；skill技能。根据“playing hide and seek”可知，此处是玩得很开心，have fun“玩得开心”，故选B。
7．Don’t let the child walk near the lake. He _______ fall into the water.
A．must B．should C．may D．need
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：不要让孩子在河边走，他可能会掉进河里。
考查情态动词的用法。must必须；should应该；may表推测，可能；need需用。根据“Don’t let the child walk near the lake. He…fall into the water.”可知，此处应该是表示推测，指在河边走，可能会掉进河里。故选C。
8．Tom’s cousin bought a lot of presents _______ he was travelling in France.
A．if B．while C．although D．until
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：在法国旅游的时候，汤姆的表哥买了许多礼物。
考查连词。if如果；while当……时；although尽管；until直到……。根据语境可知，此处指的是汤姆的表哥在法国旅游时买了很多礼物，故空格处应填意为“当……时”的连词，故选B。
9．Put on a mask, ______ you won’t be allowed to take the bus or underground.
A．and B．so C．or D．but
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：戴上口罩，否则你将不被允许乘坐公共汽车或地铁。
考查连词辨析。and和；so因此；or否则；but但是。戴口罩是被允许坐公共汽车或地铁的条件，此处表示否定的条件，用or连接并列句。故选C。
10．The story from the radio sounds ______. I wonder where the reporter gets it.
A．interesting B．well C．really D．truly
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：收音机里的故事听起来很有趣。我想知道记者从哪里得到的。
考查形容词/副词辨析。interesting有趣的，形容词；well身体好的，形容词；好，副词；really真正地，副词；truly真实地，副词。空处的词在系动词sounds之后，应用形容词，故排除C、D项；根据主语“The story from the radio”可知，应是听起来很有趣。故选A。
11．People can take a walk on the footpaths on ______side of the river after dinner.
A．both B．neither C．either D．all
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：人们饭后可以在河的任意一边的人行道散步。
考查代词词义辨析。both表示两者都，可以修饰可数名词复数；neither表示两者都不，可指代或修饰可数名词的单数；either表示两者中任意一个，两者选其一，可指代或修饰可数名词单数；all表示三者或以上都，指代修饰可数名词复数或不数名词。根据题干可知句子中的“side”为单数，结合句意，应是表示河的任意一边的人行道，所以用either。故选C。
12．When Mary met Mike, he was not so ______ as she expected.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．strongly
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：玛丽遇到迈克时，他不像她想象的那么强壮。
考查同级比较。not so…as不像/不如……那样，中间用形容词或副词原级，表示同级比较，可排除BC两项； 分析句子可知，本句缺表语，设空处需填形容词；strongly是副词，不合语法，故选A。
13．The poor farmer had to sell several _______ in exchange for food and clothes.
A．cow B．pig C．chicken D．sheep
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：这个贫穷的农民不得不卖掉几只羊来换取食物和衣服。
考查名词辨析。cow奶牛；pig猪；chicken鸡；sheep羊；根据“several”可知，名词要用复数形式，sheep单复数同形，故选D。
14．Jane went up three steps at _______ time because she can’t wait to tell her Mum the good news.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：简一步上三个台阶，因为她迫不及待地要告诉她妈妈这个好消息。
考查冠词。a/an不定冠词，表泛指，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。语境是简一步上三个台阶，用不定冠词表示“一”的概念，而time又是以辅音音素开头，所以用冠词a，构成固定短语at a time，意为“一次”。故选A。
15．Nowadays students have more time to practice ________ English after class.
A．speak B．spoke C．speaking D．to speak
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：现在学生课后有更多的时间练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。短语practice doing sth.“练习做某事”；短语speak English“说英语”；此处用speak的动名词。故选C。
二、短文选词填空
A．eager B．article C．desire D．break E. level
A good joke can be hardest thing to understand when studying a foreign language. As a recent 16． in The Guardian newspaper noted, “There’s more to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar.”
Being able to understand jokes is hard for a language learner 17． to form friendships with native speakers. “I always felt that humor was a ceiling (天花板) that I could never 18． through.” Hannah Ashley, a public relations manager in London, who once studied Spanish in Madrid, told The Guardian, “I could never speak to people on the same 19． as I would speak to a native English speaker, I was almost a boring person because all I could talk about was facts.”
A．along B．background C．tradition D．achieved E. sense
In fact, most of the time, jokes are only funny for people who share a cultural 20． or understand humor in the same way. Chinese-American comedian Joe Wong found this out firsthand. He had 21． huge success in the US, but when he returned to China for his first live show in Beijing, he discovered that people didn’t think his Chinese jokes were as funny as his English ones.
In Australia, many foreigners find understanding jokes about sports to be the biggest headache. “The hardest jokes are related to rugby (橄榄球) because I know nothing about rugby,” said Melody Cao, who was once a student in Australia. “When I heard jokes I didn’t get, I just laughed 22．.”
In the other two major English-speaking countries, the 23． of humor is also different. British jokes seem to be more subtle and dark, while American jokes are more obvious (明显的) with their meanings, a bit like Americans themselves.
【答案】
16．B
17．A
18．D
19．E
20．B
21．D
22．A
23．E
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们在理解外语笑话方面存在的问题。作者认为要想很好地理解一则笑话，人们必须了解笑话中所蕴含的文化背景及讲笑话人的幽默方式。
16．
句意：正如《卫报》最近的一篇文章所指出的那样，“要想理解外语笑话，除了理解词汇和语法外，还有更多的东西。”根据“The Guardian newspaper”可知，此处说的是《卫报》中的一篇文章，article名词，文章。故选B。
17．
句意：对于一个渴望与以英语为母语的人建立友谊的语言学习者来说，能够听懂笑话是很困难的。此处“for a language learner...to form friendships with native speakers.”在句子中作状语，且be eager to意为“渴望……”，本句前面已有系动词is，因此be动词要去掉。故选 A。
18．
句意：我总觉得幽默是我永远无法突破的天花板。本句是定语从句，先行词是a ceiling，定语从句“I could never...through.”用来修饰先行词，且break through为突破；突围，could后跟动词原形。故选D。
19．
句意：我从来没有和以英语为母语的人说过同样的话，我几乎是一个无聊的人，因为我只会谈论事实。根据“the same”可知，选项中符合的是level，表示“同一水平”。故选E。
20．
句意：事实上，大多数情况下，笑话只有在文化背景相同或幽默理解方式相同的人身上才有趣。根据“jokes are only funny for people”可知，理解这个笑话的人他们文化背景相同或有相同的幽默理解方式，background背景。故选B。
21．
句意：他在美国取得了巨大的成功，但当他回到中国在北京进行他的第一场现场秀时，他发现人们并不认为他的中文笑话像他的英语笑话那么有趣。根据前面的had可知，题空处缺少的是动词，选项只有D是动词，意为“实现”，且根据上文“found”可知，此处用过去完成时。故选D。
22．
句意：当我听不懂笑话时，我只是跟着一起笑 。along，此处作副词，修饰整个句子表示“一起”，表示不懂笑话时，就跟着一起笑。故选A。
23．
句意：在另外两个主要的英语国家，人们的幽默感也不同。此处表示“幽默感”，sense意为感觉，故选E。
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
24．Jenny lives a busy ________ life and she joins different clubs to make new friends. (society)
【答案】social
【详解】
句意：珍妮过着忙碌的社交生活，她加入不同的俱乐部结交新朋友。空格在不定冠词和单数名词之间，可知填形容词；social“社交的”，形容词；故填social。
25．Read through your paper and ________ any mistake you may find. (correctly)
【答案】correct
【详解】
句意：仔细查阅试卷，纠正你可能发现的任何错误。句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头；根据and并列成分要一致的原则可知此处填动词原形；故填correct。
26．The situation after the earthquake is much ________ than people have expected. (bad)
【答案】worse
【详解】
句意：地震后的情况比人们预期的要糟糕得多。根据than可知，本题需用比较级，bad的比较级是worse，表示更糟糕的，故填worse。
27．To rescue that dying boy, doctors have done almost everything they can ________ think of. (possible)
【答案】possibly
【详解】
句意：为了拯救那个垂死的男孩，医生们几乎做了他们所能想到的一切。根据语境可知，此处是副词修饰动词短语think of；所以需用possible的副词形式possibly，故填possibly。
28．It took those ________ nearly two hours to have the fire under control. (fireman)
【答案】firmen
【详解】
句意：消防员花费了两个小时控制了火势。根据those“这些”可知，fireman需要复数，其复数是firemen，故填firemen。
29．Joe was made a team leader on his ________ day in the summer camp. (eight)
【答案】eighth
【详解】
句意：乔在夏令营的第八天被任命为队长。根据空前“his”和空后“day”可知，此处特指“第八天”，用序数词。故填eighth。
30．It seems ________ to force Tommy to give his favorite toy to his little brother. (fair)
【答案】unfair
【详解】
句意：强迫汤米把他最喜欢的玩具给他弟弟似乎不公平。It seems+adj. to do sth.做某事是什么样子的，固定句型，由此可知空格处填形容词。根据空格后“to force Tommy to give his favorite toy to his little brother”可知这件事是不公平的，fair公平的，unfair不公平的；故填unfair。
31．The ________ over there is in a bad state and it needs some repair work. (build)
【答案】building
【详解】
句意：那边的那栋建筑状况很差，需要修理。结合句子成分分析和提示词可知，此空应填名词作主语，动词“build”对应的名词形式为“building（建筑）”；根据谓语动词is可知，此主语应用单数形式。故填building。
四、改写句子
32．He has hardly touched the ball all game. （改为反意疑问句）
He has hardly touched the ball all game, _________ _________?
【答案】has he
【详解】
句意：他整场比赛几乎没有摸过球，对么？反意疑问句的结构：前否后肯，前肯后否。前半句有否定词hardly，故后半句为肯定句；因前半句有助动词has，故第一空填has，主语是he，故第二空填he。故填has；he。
33．Could you tell me？Where can I change paper money into coins？（合并为一句）
Could you tell me where _____________ _____________ change paper money into coins？
【答案】I can
【详解】
句意：你能告诉我吗？我能在哪里把纸币换成硬币？根据题干可知合并后的句子是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，也就是”主语+谓语”，主句是一般现在时态，从句也是一般现在时态；can和I位置互换即可。故填I can。
34．He put the used batteries into the green bin just now.（改为被动语态）
The used batteries _________ ________ into the green bin just now.
【答案】were put
【详解】
句意：他刚才把用过的电池放在绿色的垃圾桶里。根据just now及动词put可知，句子时态为一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态谓语构成是was/were done；后句主语是The used batteries，所以系动词用were，put的过去分词是put。故填were；put。
五、同义句转化
35．My father will leave for Beijing to attend an important conference. （保持句意基本不变）
My father will _______ ________ for Beijing to attend an important conference.
【答案】set out/off
【详解】
句意：我父亲要去北京参加一个重要的会议。此处需要替换的是leave for“出发去”，可以用set off/out替换，故填set ；out/off。
六、将所给单词连成句子
36．a big dinner, last weekend, at home, eating out, we, instead of, cooked （连词成句）
___________________________________________________ .
【答案】We cooked a big dinner at home instead of eating out last weekend
【详解】
根据所给的标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，we作主语，cooked作谓语，a big dinner作宾语，at home作状语，instead of eating out介词短语，last weekend作时间状语，位于句末。故答案为：We cooked a big dinner at home instead of eating out last weekend“上周末，我们在家做了一顿丰盛的晚餐，没有去外面吃”。
七、阅读单选
A Fun Plant Experiment to Try at Home!
Without water, plants would die. Do you know how water gets from the roots of a plant to the rest of the plant? The water travels through tiny tubes that form pathways to all parts of the plant. This is similar to how blood flows in our bodies. And here is an experiment to prove it.
Materials
● a celery stick
● a sharp knife
● a glass of water
● some red food colour
2
1) Put a few drops of the red food colour in the glass of water.
2) Cut the bottom of the celery stick and place the celery in the water.
3) Leave the celery stick in the glass of water for several hours.
4) Remove the celery stick and cut it into pieces horizontally, that is, across the stem（茎）.
Observation
Red food colour is present in all cross sections from the bottom of the celery stick right up to the leaves.
Explanation
The water, along with the red food colour, has been transported up the celery stick through the tiny tubes in it. The experiment, therefore, proves that tiny tubes in plants enable water to reach all parts of the plant. The red food colour shows where the water has travelled to in the celery stick.
37．The type of the text is ________.
A．a review B．an advertisement C．a menu D．an instruction
38．What best fits the blank?
A．Form B．Schedule C．Steps D．Tips
39．What do you observe when the celery stick is cut into cross sections?
A．The inside of the celery stick is empty. B．The water in the glass has disappeared.
C．The celery stick has become bigger. D．All the cross sections have become red.
40．“Blood” in the bodies is compared to “________” in the plant.
A．water B．the leaves C．the stem D．the root
41．In the experiment, why is red food colour added to the water?
A．It makes the celery stick look nicer. B．The water’s path in a plant can be seen.
C．The plant needs food colour to survive. D．It helps the plant to transport the water.
42．The experiment aims to show ________.
A．how to colour a stick of celery B．that plants would die without water
C．how water travels through a plant D．that science experiments are fun to do
【答案】
37．D
38．C
39．D
40．A
41．B
42．C
【分析】
文章通过一个实验证明水是如何在植物内部传输的。
37．
推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，本文主要是教大家在家做植物水分输送的实验，还包括了所需的材料、步骤等，因此这是一篇说明性的文章，故选D。
38．
最佳标题题。根据“1) Put a few drops of the red food colour in the glass of water...4) Remove the celery stick and cut it into pieces horizontally, that is, across the stem（茎）.”可知，这里是介绍实验的具体步骤，故选C。
39．
细节理解题。根据“Red food colour is present in all cross sections from the bottom of the celery stick right up to the leaves.”可知，从芹菜杆的底部一直到叶子的所有横截面都是红色的。故选D。
40．
细节理解题。根据“The water travels through tiny tubes that form pathways to all parts of the plant. This is similar to how blood flows in our bodies”可知，水通过微小的管道从通道流到植物的各个部分，这与人体的血液流动方式相似，所以blood相当于植物中的water，故选A。
41．
细节理解题。根据“The red food colour shows where the water has travelled to in the celery stick.”可知，红色的食物颜色显示水在芹菜中的流向，故选B。
42．
推理判断题。根据“Do you know how water gets from the roots of a plant to the rest of the plant?”以及“And here is an experiment to prove it.”可知，这个实验的目的就是要弄清楚水是如何通过植物的，故选C。
八、完型填空
Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings pose a far greater danger to these creatures than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite 43 . On the other hand, according to one research, humans kill 100 million sharks every year. This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
44 should we save the sharks?
The killing of sharks is a problem for the whole planet. Sharks eat other species(物种), but few creatures eat them. As sharks die off, the populations of the animals that sharks eat will 45 . This, in turn, means that the populations of the creatures that those animals eat will shrink. That includes some sea creatures that humans consume, such as shrimp. It also includes fish that eat algae(藻类), which can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
Shrinking shark populations a fleets more than just the ocean. Ocean plants produce much of the oxygen on the planet. These plants can be harmed when changes in the shark population upset the ecosystem.
Don’t use shark produets
Shark liver oil is used in many popular cosmetics(化妆品). Pet foods, vitamins, energy drinks and leather goods can 46 be made from shark parts. And shark meat is sold around the world, sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish.
Most sharks killed worldwide are hunted for their fins, which are used to make shark fin soup. The 47 is cruel: Fishermen cut the shark’s fins oil and then throw the shark back into the water. Then the shark dies slowly sometimes over several days. Sharks breathe by swimming, so a shark that can’t swim will die.
Eat only sustainably(可持续地) caught seafood
Sharks often die because they are caught in nets. If you eat seafood, make sure it comes from fish farms that 48 the oceans.
43．A．rare B．strange C．natural D．general
44．A．How B．When C．Why D．Where
45．A．match B．depend C．limit D．increase
46．A．even B．also C．ever D．always
47．A．process B．situation C．progress D．attitude
48．A．cut down B．care for C．keep off D．consist of
【答案】
43．A
44．C
45．D
46．B
47．A
48．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述鲨鱼是很危险的动物，但人类对这些生物的威胁远远大于它们对我们的威胁，并讲述这些动物的数量正在慢慢减少，以及我们应该采取什么措施保护这些生物。
43．
句意：虽然鲨鱼袭击确实发生过，但非常罕见。
rare稀少的；strange奇怪的；natural自然的；general普遍。由该句中的although结合前句“human beings pose a far greater danger to these creatures than they do to us”可知,虽然鲨鱼攻击人类确实存在,但其实非常少见。故选A。
44．
句意：我们应该如何拯救鲨鱼？
How如何；When什么时候；Why为什么；Where哪里。综合整段段意可知实在说明鲨鱼对海洋生态系统的平衡作用,所以是“为什么我们要拯救鲨鱼”。故选C。
45．
句意：随着鲨鱼的灭绝，被鲨鱼捕食的动物的数量也会增加。
match配对；depend依赖；limit限制；increase增加。根据前句 “Shark eat other species, but few creatures eat them”那么当鲨鱼灭绝的时候,鲨鱼吃的物种当然是会增加。故选D。
46．
句意：宠物食品、维生素、能量饮料和皮革制品也可以用鲨鱼的部分制成。
even甚至；also也；ever永远；always总是。根据前句“Shark liver oil is used in many popular cosmetics”可知是鲨鱼肝油被用于很多化妆品中,空格所在句意指鲨鱼其他部位也被做成各种商品,可知是“也”的关系。故选B。
47．
句意：这个过程是残忍的。
process过程；situation情景；progress进步；attitude 态度。根据“Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water.”可知，渔民切下鲨鱼的鳍，然后把鲨鱼扔回水里。因此是这个“过程”很残忍。故选A。
48．
句意：如果你吃海鲜，确保它来自与大海隔开的渔场。
cut down砍倒；care for关心；keep off远离；consist of由……组成。根据“Shark liver oil is used in many popular cosmetics(化妆品).”可知，鲨鱼常因被网捕而死亡。因此这里应该表示如果你吃海鲜，确保它来自与大海隔开的渔场。故选C。
九、短文首字母填空
Which is more important to our lives, the Internet or the washing machine? Many of us might answer, “The Internet !” The Internet helps us gather information. It allows us to see our friends in real time.
However, Ha-joo-chang, a professor at Cambridge University, doesn’t a49．. He believes the washing machine has changed the world more than the Internet. That sounds strange, but Chang is not a50．. Many experts have called the washing machine the greatest invention of the 20th century. Why?
Let’s be h51．: How many of us love to do the laundry (洗衣机)? It seems the cycle of washing, drying and ironing never ends. It’s so tiring and boring.
However, before the washing machine was invented, women often had to spend lots of time washing clothes. Many of them suffered from back p52．.
The washing machine freed from the laundry. Many women found they had enough time to enter the labor market. As a result, the social status of women began to change. Today, most women can make an i53． living. They don’t have to rely on men any longer.
To better understand the influence of washing machines, we can look at societies w54． them. In many African countries, doing the laundry takes women six hours a day, Women there h55． have time to work or start a business. It is difficult for them to find a way out of poverty. Perhaps things will be a lot different if they have washing machines.
We often take the washing machine for granted. But these machines do play an important role in our lives. They have greatly changed the world.
【答案】
49．(a)gree
50．(a)lone
51．(h)onest
52．(p)roblem/(p)ain
53．(i)ndependent
54．(w)ithout
55．(h)ardly
【分析】
文章就互联网和洗衣机对我们的生活哪个更重要，给出了一些不同的看法和论述。
49．
1.句意：然而，剑桥大学的chang教授并不同意。根据句子成分，此处缺动词，且是动词原形。其次根据文章第一段问在我们生活中，网络和洗衣机哪个更重要，有些人觉得网络更重要，而第二段开头有个however然而，来了一个转折，意思剑桥大学的这个教授不同意这个观点，故填(a)gree。
50．
句意：这听起来很奇怪，但不止chang教授一个人。根据句子成分，此处缺形容词，根据“Many experts have called the washing machine the greatest invention of the 20th century.”可知，很多专家称洗衣机是二十世纪最伟大的发明。所以说chang教授是不孤立的，故填(a)lone。
51．
句意：实话说，我们当中有多少人喜欢用洗衣机呢？根据句子成分，此处缺形容词，结合句意，此处指的是说实话，故填(h)onest。
52．
句意：他们中的许多人遭受背部问题/疼痛。根据句子成分，此处缺名词，再根据“women often had to spend lots of time washing clothes. Many of them suffered from back...”及常识推测，洗衣服遭受背部问题或疼痛，此处名词用单数形式，故填(p)roblem/(p)ain。
53．
句意：今天，大多数妇女可以独立生活。根据句子成分，此处缺形容词，再根据“They don’t have to rely on men any longer.”可知，妇女过上了独立的生活，故填(i)ndependent。
54．
句意：为了更好地理解洗衣机的影响，我们可以看看没有洗衣机的社会。根据句子成分，此处缺介词，再根据“In many African countries, doing the laundry takes women six hours a day,”可知，在非洲很多国家，洗衣服每天要花去女性六个小时。由此可推测出是“没有洗衣机”，用介词without，故填(w)ithout。
55．
句意：那里的妇女几乎没有时间工作或创业。根据句子成分，此处缺副词，再根据“In many African countries, doing the laundry takes women six hours a day,”可知，在非洲很多国家，洗衣服每天要花去女性六个小时。她们几乎没有时间去工作或者做生意，此处应填副词hardly“几乎不”。故填(h)ardly。
十、阅读回答问题
Do you or your family know an elderly person who may feel lonely? Perhaps you have a grandparent who doesn’t live nearby and who might not see many people. It’s thought that there could be more than a million lonely older people in the UK who often feel sad. This might because they live alone, or they might be in a care home and haven’t got family or friends who visit.
Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up. It’s an easy thing to do but can make a big impact(影响). Being able to write an interesting letter is also a good skill because a lot of modern communication is written and sent by digital(电子的)messaging and email. Perhaps you have a grandparent.
Everyday things that you do, such as what you learned at school, sporting achievements or places you visit, might seem ordinary to you but an older person would be happy to read about them in a letter. It could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things. The person may also want to write back to you.
Professor Smith, aged 67, set up a group called Silver Robin, which has helped children from six schools in Oxford to begin writing letters to older people. “It’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations. Loneliness is not a nice thing and if a young person’s letter puts a smile on someone’s face, then that’s wonderful.
Where do I start?
Ask your parents if there's an elderly relative or family friend you can write to and they can help you get started. Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.
How else can I help?
There are other ways to help elderly people less lonely. For example, knowing the date of their birthday means you can send a card, saying hello and being nice to people in your street, checking on them with your family or knocking on their door sometimes just to see how they are can make a difference.
56．Many older people in the UK often feel sad, don’t they?
___________________________
57．What can help to cheer lonely older people up?
___________________________
58．Why would older people be happy to read about your everyday things in a letter?
___________________________
59．What does Professor think of writing letters to older people?
___________________________
60．What may your teacher like to do so that your class can begin writing letters?
___________________________
61．There are other ways to help older elderly people feel less lonely. Please share one of your ideas and explain why it is helpful.
___________________________
【答案】
56．Yes, they do.
57．Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up.
58．Because it could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things.
59．He thinks it’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations.
60．Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.
61．Encouraging them to attend schools for elderly people is another way to prevent them from being lonely because they can make new friends with their classmates and share their joy and sorrow.
【分析】
本文主要讲了孤独的老人经常会感到悲伤的原因。这可能是因为他们独自生活，或者他们可能在疗养院，没有家人或朋友来访，并列举了一些方法可以帮助老年人减少孤独感。
56．
根据原文“It’s thought that there could be more than a million lonely older people in the UK who often feel sad.”英国可能有超过100万孤独的老年人经常感到悲伤，所以英国有很多人是不开心的，所以是肯定回答。故填Yes, they do.
57．
根据原文“Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up.”可知，只要写信就可以使他们得到鼓舞。故填Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up.
58．
根据第三段“...but an older person would be happy to read about them in a letter. It could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things.”可以看出老人们在读信的时候会回想起自己曾经的经历，所以会很开心。故填Because it could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things.
59．
根据第四段“It’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations.”可知， 教授认为这是很可爱的事情。故填He thinks it’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations.
60．
根据“Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.”可知老师会跟一个养老院联系，然后学生们就可以写信给他们了。故填Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.
61．
开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案： Encouraging them to attend schools for elderly people is another way to prevent them from being lonely because they can make new friends with their classmates and share their joy and sorrow.
十一、话题作文
62． Write a passage of at least 60 words about the topic “A valuable lesson” (请以“宝贵的一课”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
提示：在学习与生活中，我们会因为经历了一些事情，获得体验，增加阅历，吸取教训。请以“宝贵的一课”为题，结合你的经历，谈谈你的感受。
注意：
抄袭试卷中内容不得分。
文中不得出现任何姓名、校名以及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
A valuable lesson
During our life, there are always moments that give us valuable lessons, because they can taught something important about ourselves. As for me, I will never forget my first volunteer experience.
During the summer vacation of my seventh grade, our class went to to an orphan home in our city to help the children there. At first, we gave away some meaningful story books and stationery to them. Then we talked about our school life to them. I was quite shy before, to my surprise, I talked with some kids for almost an hour without intermission. I shared my effective study methods with them excitedly. And I even showed some children some skills which I learned from my PE teacher on how to play badminton better. Finally, we played games together. All of us felt so happy.
That volunteer work really taught me a lesson, which I will never forget. I felt the truth of those words, which I never understood before that: “It is more blessed to give than to receive.” That day, I not only gained happiness, but also became more confident and outgoing to communicate with others. More importantly, it made me realize that giving is receiving.
【详解】
1.题干解读：题目要求以“宝贵的一课”为题结合自己的经历，并谈谈对这次经历的感受。要求不少于60词。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称为主，讲述自己的经历用一般过去时。可分三段进行写作：第一段引出这次经历；第二段具体描述这次经历；最后一段收尾，表达自己的感受。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
Unit 1 Ancient Greece
B卷·提升能力
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．Greedy people are never satisfied _______ what they have at the moment.
A．to B．with C．from D．for
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：贪婪的人永远无法满足他们现在所拥有的东西。
考查形容词短语。根据固定短语搭配“be satisfied with” 对……满意,故选B。
2．Don’t worry. The nurse is ________ to take care of the sick baby.
A．enough carefully B．enough careful C．carefully enough D．careful enough
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：不要担心。护士足够细心照顾这个生病的婴儿。
考查形容词及enough的用法。careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词。be动词is后接形容词作表语，enough修饰形容词时，是放在形容词的后面，故选D。
3．Michael has read ________ grammar books, but I am sorry to say that he has learned ________ from them.
A．few, a little B．a few, little C．few, little D．a few, a little
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：迈克尔读过几本语法书，但遗憾的是，他并没有从中学到什么。
考查不定代词。few没有多少，修饰可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；little没有多少，修饰不可数名词。根据but可知，前后两句是相反意思，虽然读了许多语法书，但是学到了很少，故选B。
4．Mr. Jones prefers to stay at the hospital _______ he can care for his mother.
A．because of B．as soon as C．even if D．so that
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：Jones先生宁愿呆在医院里，以便照顾他的母亲。
考查连词辨析。because of因为；as soon as一……就……；even if即使；so that以便于。根据“Mr. Jones prefers to stay at the hospital … he can care for his mother”可知，待在医院的目的是为了照顾妈妈，用so that引导目的状语从句，故选D。
5．The group leader is thinking of different ways to make the party far ________.
A．exciting B．excited C．more exciting D．more excited
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：组长正在想办法让聚会更热闹。
考查形容词辨析和比较级。exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物；excited兴奋的，修饰人；far是形容词比较的标志词，故排除A、B；修饰party（物），则用exciting，故选C。
6．Look ! The children are having so much ________ playing hide and seek.
A．joke B．fun C．knowledge D．skill
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：你看！孩子们玩捉迷藏玩得很开心。
考查名词辨析。joke笑话；fun乐趣；knowledge知识；skill技能。根据“playing hide and seek”可知，此处是玩得很开心，have fun“玩得开心”，故选B。
7．Don’t let the child walk near the lake. He _______ fall into the water.
A．must B．should C．may D．need
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：不要让孩子在河边走，他可能会掉进河里。
考查情态动词的用法。must必须；should应该；may表推测，可能；need需用。根据“Don’t let the child walk near the lake. He…fall into the water.”可知，此处应该是表示推测，指在河边走，可能会掉进河里。故选C。
8．Tom’s cousin bought a lot of presents _______ he was travelling in France.
A．if B．while C．although D．until
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：在法国旅游的时候，汤姆的表哥买了许多礼物。
考查连词。if如果；while当……时；although尽管；until直到……。根据语境可知，此处指的是汤姆的表哥在法国旅游时买了很多礼物，故空格处应填意为“当……时”的连词，故选B。
9．Put on a mask, ______ you won’t be allowed to take the bus or underground.
A．and B．so C．or D．but
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：戴上口罩，否则你将不被允许乘坐公共汽车或地铁。
考查连词辨析。and和；so因此；or否则；but但是。戴口罩是被允许坐公共汽车或地铁的条件，此处表示否定的条件，用or连接并列句。故选C。
10．The story from the radio sounds ______. I wonder where the reporter gets it.
A．interesting B．well C．really D．truly
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：收音机里的故事听起来很有趣。我想知道记者从哪里得到的。
考查形容词/副词辨析。interesting有趣的，形容词；well身体好的，形容词；好，副词；really真正地，副词；truly真实地，副词。空处的词在系动词sounds之后，应用形容词，故排除C、D项；根据主语“The story from the radio”可知，应是听起来很有趣。故选A。
11．People can take a walk on the footpaths on ______side of the river after dinner.
A．both B．neither C．either D．all
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：人们饭后可以在河的任意一边的人行道散步。
考查代词词义辨析。both表示两者都，可以修饰可数名词复数；neither表示两者都不，可指代或修饰可数名词的单数；either表示两者中任意一个，两者选其一，可指代或修饰可数名词单数；all表示三者或以上都，指代修饰可数名词复数或不数名词。根据题干可知句子中的“side”为单数，结合句意，应是表示河的任意一边的人行道，所以用either。故选C。
12．When Mary met Mike, he was not so ______ as she expected.
A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．strongly
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：玛丽遇到迈克时，他不像她想象的那么强壮。
考查同级比较。not so…as不像/不如……那样，中间用形容词或副词原级，表示同级比较，可排除BC两项； 分析句子可知，本句缺表语，设空处需填形容词；strongly是副词，不合语法，故选A。
13．The poor farmer had to sell several _______ in exchange for food and clothes.
A．cow B．pig C．chicken D．sheep
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：这个贫穷的农民不得不卖掉几只羊来换取食物和衣服。
考查名词辨析。cow奶牛；pig猪；chicken鸡；sheep羊；根据“several”可知，名词要用复数形式，sheep单复数同形，故选D。
14．Jane went up three steps at _______ time because she can’t wait to tell her Mum the good news.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：简一步上三个台阶，因为她迫不及待地要告诉她妈妈这个好消息。
考查冠词。a/an不定冠词，表泛指，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。语境是简一步上三个台阶，用不定冠词表示“一”的概念，而time又是以辅音音素开头，所以用冠词a，构成固定短语at a time，意为“一次”。故选A。
15．Nowadays students have more time to practice ________ English after class.
A．speak B．spoke C．speaking D．to speak
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：现在学生课后有更多的时间练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。短语practice doing sth.“练习做某事”；短语speak English“说英语”；此处用speak的动名词。故选C。
二、短文选词填空
A．eager B．article C．desire D．break E. level
A good joke can be hardest thing to understand when studying a foreign language. As a recent 16． in The Guardian newspaper noted, “There’s more to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar.”
Being able to understand jokes is hard for a language learner 17． to form friendships with native speakers. “I always felt that humor was a ceiling (天花板) that I could never 18． through.” Hannah Ashley, a public relations manager in London, who once studied Spanish in Madrid, told The Guardian, “I could never speak to people on the same 19． as I would speak to a native English speaker, I was almost a boring person because all I could talk about was facts.”
A．along B．background C．tradition D．achieved E. sense
In fact, most of the time, jokes are only funny for people who share a cultural 20． or understand humor in the same way. Chinese-American comedian Joe Wong found this out firsthand. He had 21． huge success in the US, but when he returned to China for his first live show in Beijing, he discovered that people didn’t think his Chinese jokes were as funny as his English ones.
In Australia, many foreigners find understanding jokes about sports to be the biggest headache. “The hardest jokes are related to rugby (橄榄球) because I know nothing about rugby,” said Melody Cao, who was once a student in Australia. “When I heard jokes I didn’t get, I just laughed 22．.”
In the other two major English-speaking countries, the 23． of humor is also different. British jokes seem to be more subtle and dark, while American jokes are more obvious (明显的) with their meanings, a bit like Americans themselves.
【答案】
16．B
17．A
18．D
19．E
20．B
21．D
22．A
23．E
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们在理解外语笑话方面存在的问题。作者认为要想很好地理解一则笑话，人们必须了解笑话中所蕴含的文化背景及讲笑话人的幽默方式。
16．
句意：正如《卫报》最近的一篇文章所指出的那样，“要想理解外语笑话，除了理解词汇和语法外，还有更多的东西。”根据“The Guardian newspaper”可知，此处说的是《卫报》中的一篇文章，article名词，文章。故选B。
17．
句意：对于一个渴望与以英语为母语的人建立友谊的语言学习者来说，能够听懂笑话是很困难的。此处“for a language learner...to form friendships with native speakers.”在句子中作状语，且be eager to意为“渴望……”，本句前面已有系动词is，因此be动词要去掉。故选 A。
18．
句意：我总觉得幽默是我永远无法突破的天花板。本句是定语从句，先行词是a ceiling，定语从句“I could never...through.”用来修饰先行词，且break through为突破；突围，could后跟动词原形。故选D。
19．
句意：我从来没有和以英语为母语的人说过同样的话，我几乎是一个无聊的人，因为我只会谈论事实。根据“the same”可知，选项中符合的是level，表示“同一水平”。故选E。
20．
句意：事实上，大多数情况下，笑话只有在文化背景相同或幽默理解方式相同的人身上才有趣。根据“jokes are only funny for people”可知，理解这个笑话的人他们文化背景相同或有相同的幽默理解方式，background背景。故选B。
21．
句意：他在美国取得了巨大的成功，但当他回到中国在北京进行他的第一场现场秀时，他发现人们并不认为他的中文笑话像他的英语笑话那么有趣。根据前面的had可知，题空处缺少的是动词，选项只有D是动词，意为“实现”，且根据上文“found”可知，此处用过去完成时。故选D。
22．
句意：当我听不懂笑话时，我只是跟着一起笑 。along，此处作副词，修饰整个句子表示“一起”，表示不懂笑话时，就跟着一起笑。故选A。
23．
句意：在另外两个主要的英语国家，人们的幽默感也不同。此处表示“幽默感”，sense意为感觉，故选E。
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
24．Jenny lives a busy ________ life and she joins different clubs to make new friends. (society)
【答案】social
【详解】
句意：珍妮过着忙碌的社交生活，她加入不同的俱乐部结交新朋友。空格在不定冠词和单数名词之间，可知填形容词；social“社交的”，形容词；故填social。
25．Read through your paper and ________ any mistake you may find. (correctly)
【答案】correct
【详解】
句意：仔细查阅试卷，纠正你可能发现的任何错误。句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头；根据and并列成分要一致的原则可知此处填动词原形；故填correct。
26．The situation after the earthquake is much ________ than people have expected. (bad)
【答案】worse
【详解】
句意：地震后的情况比人们预期的要糟糕得多。根据than可知，本题需用比较级，bad的比较级是worse，表示更糟糕的，故填worse。
27．To rescue that dying boy, doctors have done almost everything they can ________ think of. (possible)
【答案】possibly
【详解】
句意：为了拯救那个垂死的男孩，医生们几乎做了他们所能想到的一切。根据语境可知，此处是副词修饰动词短语think of；所以需用possible的副词形式possibly，故填possibly。
28．It took those ________ nearly two hours to have the fire under control. (fireman)
【答案】firmen
【详解】
句意：消防员花费了两个小时控制了火势。根据those“这些”可知，fireman需要复数，其复数是firemen，故填firemen。
29．Joe was made a team leader on his ________ day in the summer camp. (eight)
【答案】eighth
【详解】
句意：乔在夏令营的第八天被任命为队长。根据空前“his”和空后“day”可知，此处特指“第八天”，用序数词。故填eighth。
30．It seems ________ to force Tommy to give his favorite toy to his little brother. (fair)
【答案】unfair
【详解】
句意：强迫汤米把他最喜欢的玩具给他弟弟似乎不公平。It seems+adj. to do sth.做某事是什么样子的，固定句型，由此可知空格处填形容词。根据空格后“to force Tommy to give his favorite toy to his little brother”可知这件事是不公平的，fair公平的，unfair不公平的；故填unfair。
31．The ________ over there is in a bad state and it needs some repair work. (build)
【答案】building
【详解】
句意：那边的那栋建筑状况很差，需要修理。结合句子成分分析和提示词可知，此空应填名词作主语，动词“build”对应的名词形式为“building（建筑）”；根据谓语动词is可知，此主语应用单数形式。故填building。
四、改写句子
32．He has hardly touched the ball all game. （改为反意疑问句）
He has hardly touched the ball all game, _________ _________?
【答案】has he
【详解】
句意：他整场比赛几乎没有摸过球，对么？反意疑问句的结构：前否后肯，前肯后否。前半句有否定词hardly，故后半句为肯定句；因前半句有助动词has，故第一空填has，主语是he，故第二空填he。故填has；he。
33．Could you tell me？Where can I change paper money into coins？（合并为一句）
Could you tell me where _____________ _____________ change paper money into coins？
【答案】I can
【详解】
句意：你能告诉我吗？我能在哪里把纸币换成硬币？根据题干可知合并后的句子是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，也就是”主语+谓语”，主句是一般现在时态，从句也是一般现在时态；can和I位置互换即可。故填I can。
34．He put the used batteries into the green bin just now.（改为被动语态）
The used batteries _________ ________ into the green bin just now.
【答案】were put
【详解】
句意：他刚才把用过的电池放在绿色的垃圾桶里。根据just now及动词put可知，句子时态为一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态谓语构成是was/were done；后句主语是The used batteries，所以系动词用were，put的过去分词是put。故填were；put。
五、同义句转化
35．My father will leave for Beijing to attend an important conference. （保持句意基本不变）
My father will _______ ________ for Beijing to attend an important conference.
【答案】set out/off
【详解】
句意：我父亲要去北京参加一个重要的会议。此处需要替换的是leave for“出发去”，可以用set off/out替换，故填set ；out/off。
六、将所给单词连成句子
36．a big dinner, last weekend, at home, eating out, we, instead of, cooked （连词成句）
___________________________________________________ .
【答案】We cooked a big dinner at home instead of eating out last weekend
【详解】
根据所给的标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，we作主语，cooked作谓语，a big dinner作宾语，at home作状语，instead of eating out介词短语，last weekend作时间状语，位于句末。故答案为：We cooked a big dinner at home instead of eating out last weekend“上周末，我们在家做了一顿丰盛的晚餐，没有去外面吃”。
七、阅读单选
A Fun Plant Experiment to Try at Home!
Without water, plants would die. Do you know how water gets from the roots of a plant to the rest of the plant? The water travels through tiny tubes that form pathways to all parts of the plant. This is similar to how blood flows in our bodies. And here is an experiment to prove it.
Materials
● a celery stick
● a sharp knife
● a glass of water
● some red food colour
2
1) Put a few drops of the red food colour in the glass of water.
2) Cut the bottom of the celery stick and place the celery in the water.
3) Leave the celery stick in the glass of water for several hours.
4) Remove the celery stick and cut it into pieces horizontally, that is, across the stem（茎）.
Observation
Red food colour is present in all cross sections from the bottom of the celery stick right up to the leaves.
Explanation
The water, along with the red food colour, has been transported up the celery stick through the tiny tubes in it. The experiment, therefore, proves that tiny tubes in plants enable water to reach all parts of the plant. The red food colour shows where the water has travelled to in the celery stick.
37．The type of the text is ________.
A．a review B．an advertisement C．a menu D．an instruction
38．What best fits the blank?
A．Form B．Schedule C．Steps D．Tips
39．What do you observe when the celery stick is cut into cross sections?
A．The inside of the celery stick is empty. B．The water in the glass has disappeared.
C．The celery stick has become bigger. D．All the cross sections have become red.
40．“Blood” in the bodies is compared to “________” in the plant.
A．water B．the leaves C．the stem D．the root
41．In the experiment, why is red food colour added to the water?
A．It makes the celery stick look nicer. B．The water’s path in a plant can be seen.
C．The plant needs food colour to survive. D．It helps the plant to transport the water.
42．The experiment aims to show ________.
A．how to colour a stick of celery B．that plants would die without water
C．how water travels through a plant D．that science experiments are fun to do
【答案】
37．D
38．C
39．D
40．A
41．B
42．C
【分析】
文章通过一个实验证明水是如何在植物内部传输的。
37．
推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，本文主要是教大家在家做植物水分输送的实验，还包括了所需的材料、步骤等，因此这是一篇说明性的文章，故选D。
38．
最佳标题题。根据“1) Put a few drops of the red food colour in the glass of water...4) Remove the celery stick and cut it into pieces horizontally, that is, across the stem（茎）.”可知，这里是介绍实验的具体步骤，故选C。
39．
细节理解题。根据“Red food colour is present in all cross sections from the bottom of the celery stick right up to the leaves.”可知，从芹菜杆的底部一直到叶子的所有横截面都是红色的。故选D。
40．
细节理解题。根据“The water travels through tiny tubes that form pathways to all parts of the plant. This is similar to how blood flows in our bodies”可知，水通过微小的管道从通道流到植物的各个部分，这与人体的血液流动方式相似，所以blood相当于植物中的water，故选A。
41．
细节理解题。根据“The red food colour shows where the water has travelled to in the celery stick.”可知，红色的食物颜色显示水在芹菜中的流向，故选B。
42．
推理判断题。根据“Do you know how water gets from the roots of a plant to the rest of the plant?”以及“And here is an experiment to prove it.”可知，这个实验的目的就是要弄清楚水是如何通过植物的，故选C。
八、完型填空
Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings pose a far greater danger to these creatures than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite 43 . On the other hand, according to one research, humans kill 100 million sharks every year. This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
44 should we save the sharks?
The killing of sharks is a problem for the whole planet. Sharks eat other species(物种), but few creatures eat them. As sharks die off, the populations of the animals that sharks eat will 45 . This, in turn, means that the populations of the creatures that those animals eat will shrink. That includes some sea creatures that humans consume, such as shrimp. It also includes fish that eat algae(藻类), which can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
Shrinking shark populations a fleets more than just the ocean. Ocean plants produce much of the oxygen on the planet. These plants can be harmed when changes in the shark population upset the ecosystem.
Don’t use shark produets
Shark liver oil is used in many popular cosmetics(化妆品). Pet foods, vitamins, energy drinks and leather goods can 46 be made from shark parts. And shark meat is sold around the world, sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish.
Most sharks killed worldwide are hunted for their fins, which are used to make shark fin soup. The 47 is cruel: Fishermen cut the shark’s fins oil and then throw the shark back into the water. Then the shark dies slowly sometimes over several days. Sharks breathe by swimming, so a shark that can’t swim will die.
Eat only sustainably(可持续地) caught seafood
Sharks often die because they are caught in nets. If you eat seafood, make sure it comes from fish farms that 48 the oceans.
43．A．rare B．strange C．natural D．general
44．A．How B．When C．Why D．Where
45．A．match B．depend C．limit D．increase
46．A．even B．also C．ever D．always
47．A．process B．situation C．progress D．attitude
48．A．cut down B．care for C．keep off D．consist of
【答案】
43．A
44．C
45．D
46．B
47．A
48．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述鲨鱼是很危险的动物，但人类对这些生物的威胁远远大于它们对我们的威胁，并讲述这些动物的数量正在慢慢减少，以及我们应该采取什么措施保护这些生物。
43．
句意：虽然鲨鱼袭击确实发生过，但非常罕见。
rare稀少的；strange奇怪的；natural自然的；general普遍。由该句中的although结合前句“human beings pose a far greater danger to these creatures than they do to us”可知,虽然鲨鱼攻击人类确实存在,但其实非常少见。故选A。
44．
句意：我们应该如何拯救鲨鱼？
How如何；When什么时候；Why为什么；Where哪里。综合整段段意可知实在说明鲨鱼对海洋生态系统的平衡作用,所以是“为什么我们要拯救鲨鱼”。故选C。
45．
句意：随着鲨鱼的灭绝，被鲨鱼捕食的动物的数量也会增加。
match配对；depend依赖；limit限制；increase增加。根据前句 “Shark eat other species, but few creatures eat them”那么当鲨鱼灭绝的时候,鲨鱼吃的物种当然是会增加。故选D。
46．
句意：宠物食品、维生素、能量饮料和皮革制品也可以用鲨鱼的部分制成。
even甚至；also也；ever永远；always总是。根据前句“Shark liver oil is used in many popular cosmetics”可知是鲨鱼肝油被用于很多化妆品中,空格所在句意指鲨鱼其他部位也被做成各种商品,可知是“也”的关系。故选B。
47．
句意：这个过程是残忍的。
process过程；situation情景；progress进步；attitude 态度。根据“Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water.”可知，渔民切下鲨鱼的鳍，然后把鲨鱼扔回水里。因此是这个“过程”很残忍。故选A。
48．
句意：如果你吃海鲜，确保它来自与大海隔开的渔场。
cut down砍倒；care for关心；keep off远离；consist of由……组成。根据“Shark liver oil is used in many popular cosmetics(化妆品).”可知，鲨鱼常因被网捕而死亡。因此这里应该表示如果你吃海鲜，确保它来自与大海隔开的渔场。故选C。
九、短文首字母填空
Which is more important to our lives, the Internet or the washing machine? Many of us might answer, “The Internet !” The Internet helps us gather information. It allows us to see our friends in real time.
However, Ha-joo-chang, a professor at Cambridge University, doesn’t a49．. He believes the washing machine has changed the world more than the Internet. That sounds strange, but Chang is not a50．. Many experts have called the washing machine the greatest invention of the 20th century. Why?
Let’s be h51．: How many of us love to do the laundry (洗衣机)? It seems the cycle of washing, drying and ironing never ends. It’s so tiring and boring.
However, before the washing machine was invented, women often had to spend lots of time washing clothes. Many of them suffered from back p52．.
The washing machine freed from the laundry. Many women found they had enough time to enter the labor market. As a result, the social status of women began to change. Today, most women can make an i53． living. They don’t have to rely on men any longer.
To better understand the influence of washing machines, we can look at societies w54． them. In many African countries, doing the laundry takes women six hours a day, Women there h55． have time to work or start a business. It is difficult for them to find a way out of poverty. Perhaps things will be a lot different if they have washing machines.
We often take the washing machine for granted. But these machines do play an important role in our lives. They have greatly changed the world.
【答案】
49．(a)gree
50．(a)lone
51．(h)onest
52．(p)roblem/(p)ain
53．(i)ndependent
54．(w)ithout
55．(h)ardly
【分析】
文章就互联网和洗衣机对我们的生活哪个更重要，给出了一些不同的看法和论述。
49．
1.句意：然而，剑桥大学的chang教授并不同意。根据句子成分，此处缺动词，且是动词原形。其次根据文章第一段问在我们生活中，网络和洗衣机哪个更重要，有些人觉得网络更重要，而第二段开头有个however然而，来了一个转折，意思剑桥大学的这个教授不同意这个观点，故填(a)gree。
50．
句意：这听起来很奇怪，但不止chang教授一个人。根据句子成分，此处缺形容词，根据“Many experts have called the washing machine the greatest invention of the 20th century.”可知，很多专家称洗衣机是二十世纪最伟大的发明。所以说chang教授是不孤立的，故填(a)lone。
51．
句意：实话说，我们当中有多少人喜欢用洗衣机呢？根据句子成分，此处缺形容词，结合句意，此处指的是说实话，故填(h)onest。
52．
句意：他们中的许多人遭受背部问题/疼痛。根据句子成分，此处缺名词，再根据“women often had to spend lots of time washing clothes. Many of them suffered from back...”及常识推测，洗衣服遭受背部问题或疼痛，此处名词用单数形式，故填(p)roblem/(p)ain。
53．
句意：今天，大多数妇女可以独立生活。根据句子成分，此处缺形容词，再根据“They don’t have to rely on men any longer.”可知，妇女过上了独立的生活，故填(i)ndependent。
54．
句意：为了更好地理解洗衣机的影响，我们可以看看没有洗衣机的社会。根据句子成分，此处缺介词，再根据“In many African countries, doing the laundry takes women six hours a day,”可知，在非洲很多国家，洗衣服每天要花去女性六个小时。由此可推测出是“没有洗衣机”，用介词without，故填(w)ithout。
55．
句意：那里的妇女几乎没有时间工作或创业。根据句子成分，此处缺副词，再根据“In many African countries, doing the laundry takes women six hours a day,”可知，在非洲很多国家，洗衣服每天要花去女性六个小时。她们几乎没有时间去工作或者做生意，此处应填副词hardly“几乎不”。故填(h)ardly。
十、阅读回答问题
Do you or your family know an elderly person who may feel lonely? Perhaps you have a grandparent who doesn’t live nearby and who might not see many people. It’s thought that there could be more than a million lonely older people in the UK who often feel sad. This might because they live alone, or they might be in a care home and haven’t got family or friends who visit.
Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up. It’s an easy thing to do but can make a big impact(影响). Being able to write an interesting letter is also a good skill because a lot of modern communication is written and sent by digital(电子的)messaging and email. Perhaps you have a grandparent.
Everyday things that you do, such as what you learned at school, sporting achievements or places you visit, might seem ordinary to you but an older person would be happy to read about them in a letter. It could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things. The person may also want to write back to you.
Professor Smith, aged 67, set up a group called Silver Robin, which has helped children from six schools in Oxford to begin writing letters to older people. “It’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations. Loneliness is not a nice thing and if a young person’s letter puts a smile on someone’s face, then that’s wonderful.
Where do I start?
Ask your parents if there's an elderly relative or family friend you can write to and they can help you get started. Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.
How else can I help?
There are other ways to help elderly people less lonely. For example, knowing the date of their birthday means you can send a card, saying hello and being nice to people in your street, checking on them with your family or knocking on their door sometimes just to see how they are can make a difference.
56．Many older people in the UK often feel sad, don’t they?
___________________________
57．What can help to cheer lonely older people up?
___________________________
58．Why would older people be happy to read about your everyday things in a letter?
___________________________
59．What does Professor think of writing letters to older people?
___________________________
60．What may your teacher like to do so that your class can begin writing letters?
___________________________
61．There are other ways to help older elderly people feel less lonely. Please share one of your ideas and explain why it is helpful.
___________________________
【答案】
56．Yes, they do.
57．Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up.
58．Because it could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things.
59．He thinks it’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations.
60．Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.
61．Encouraging them to attend schools for elderly people is another way to prevent them from being lonely because they can make new friends with their classmates and share their joy and sorrow.
【分析】
本文主要讲了孤独的老人经常会感到悲伤的原因。这可能是因为他们独自生活，或者他们可能在疗养院，没有家人或朋友来访，并列举了一些方法可以帮助老年人减少孤独感。
56．
根据原文“It’s thought that there could be more than a million lonely older people in the UK who often feel sad.”英国可能有超过100万孤独的老年人经常感到悲伤，所以英国有很多人是不开心的，所以是肯定回答。故填Yes, they do.
57．
根据原文“Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up.”可知，只要写信就可以使他们得到鼓舞。故填Simply writing a letter can help to cheer them up.
58．
根据第三段“...but an older person would be happy to read about them in a letter. It could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things.”可以看出老人们在读信的时候会回想起自己曾经的经历，所以会很开心。故填Because it could make them think back to when they were young and did similar things.
59．
根据第四段“It’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations.”可知， 教授认为这是很可爱的事情。故填He thinks it’s a lovely thing to do and connects different generations.
60．
根据“Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.”可知老师会跟一个养老院联系，然后学生们就可以写信给他们了。故填Your teacher may like to make contact with a local elderly care home so that your class can begin writing letters.
61．
开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案： Encouraging them to attend schools for elderly people is another way to prevent them from being lonely because they can make new friends with their classmates and share their joy and sorrow.
十一、话题作文
62． Write a passage of at least 60 words about the topic “A valuable lesson” (请以“宝贵的一课”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
提示：在学习与生活中，我们会因为经历了一些事情，获得体验，增加阅历，吸取教训。请以“宝贵的一课”为题，结合你的经历，谈谈你的感受。
注意：
抄袭试卷中内容不得分。
文中不得出现任何姓名、校名以及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
A valuable lesson
During our life, there are always moments that give us valuable lessons, because they can taught something important about ourselves. As for me, I will never forget my first volunteer experience.
During the summer vacation of my seventh grade, our class went to to an orphan home in our city to help the children there. At first, we gave away some meaningful story books and stationery to them. Then we talked about our school life to them. I was quite shy before, to my surprise, I talked with some kids for almost an hour without intermission. I shared my effective study methods with them excitedly. And I even showed some children some skills which I learned from my PE teacher on how to play badminton better. Finally, we played games together. All of us felt so happy.
That volunteer work really taught me a lesson, which I will never forget. I felt the truth of those words, which I never understood before that: “It is more blessed to give than to receive.” That day, I not only gained happiness, but also became more confident and outgoing to communicate with others. More importantly, it made me realize that giving is receiving.
【详解】
1.题干解读：题目要求以“宝贵的一课”为题结合自己的经历，并谈谈对这次经历的感受。要求不少于60词。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称为主，讲述自己的经历用一般过去时。可分三段进行写作：第一段引出这次经历；第二段具体描述这次经历；最后一段收尾，表达自己的感受。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
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