牛津上海版九年级上册 宾语从句专项讲解及练习（有答案）

宾语从句一、（知识点名称）宾语从句概念【知识梳理】宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。【例题精讲】例1. I like my teacher. （名词作宾语）例2. I know him. （代词作宾语）例3. I enjoy playing basketball. （动名词作宾语）例4. I decide to study hard. （不定式作宾语）We know that Yao Ming is a famous basketball player.宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。【课堂练习】They are from China. He says.→He says that they are from China.There will be a meeting in five days. My teacher told me.→My teacher told me that there would be a meeting in five days.Can you speak Chinese? I want to know.→I want to know whether you can speak Chinese.When does the train arrive? Please tell me.→Please tell me when the train arrive. 二、（知识点名称）宾语从句引导词【知识梳理】陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry，sure，afraid，glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也算是宾语从句【例题精讲】例1. My teacher said that I was a good boy.例2. She doesn’t know that she is seriously ill.例3.I’m sorry that I don’t know.例4.I’m sure that he will succeed.【知识梳理】当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。【例题精讲】例1.Is Jim a good student? I don’t know.→I don’t know if/whether Jim is a good student. 例2. Does Kate get up early? Do you know? →Do you know if/whether Kate gets up early?【知识梳理】如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导（what，whom，whose，which，what，when，where，how，why）。【例题精讲】例1. What is she doing?  Can you tell me?→Can you tell me     she is doing?例2. Where does she live? Do you know?→Do you know       she lives? 三、（知识点名称）宾语从句的语序--必须是陈述语序【知识梳理】句子的两种语序：1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序There is a shop near here.2.疑问句结构叫疑问语序Is there a shop near here?宾语从句必须用陈述语序 【例题精讲】例1.He asked me when I arrived in Shanghai.例2.I want to know where they will go.例3.Could you tell me what you are reading?【课堂练习】将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1. Is there a bank near here?2. Is it on Fifth Avenue?3. Are they doing homework?4. Does she work in a hospital?5. Did you go to Center Park?四、（知识点名称）宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应【知识梳理】1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态；（需要性原则）            2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致；（呼应性原则）            3.当宾语从句说明的客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则） 主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变 一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时  【例题精讲】例1. I hear that- Jim was a worker two years ago.                  Jim is an English teacher now.                  Jim is singing a popular song now.                  Jim has been to the Great Wall twice.                  Jim was playing basketball when his father came back.                  Jim had learned 1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.例2.   1) He will go to Hong Kong.2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book.4) He has finished his work.He said 1) he would go to Hong Kong.             2) he was sick.             3) he was reading a book.             4) he had finished his work.例3. He told me (that) summer is after spring.I was told (that) the sun is much bigger than the moon.The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. 五、考试疑难点1、只能用whether不用if 的三种情况一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下三种情况只能用whether： • ①与or not连用：  例：Let me know whether you can come or not.  • ②在介词之后： 例：It depends on whether it is going to rain.     • ③在不定式之前： 例：We haven’t decided whether to go there.     2、当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong?  What’s the matter?  What’s happening? 例：I don’t know what’s the matter.    Can you tell me who is over there? 3、宾语从句与简单句的转换①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，agree，choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。例：I hope that I can receive your e-mail.  → I hope to receive your email.②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例：She doesn’t know what she should do next.  → She doesn’t know what to do next.③当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例： Will you please show me how I can work it out?→ Will you please show me how to work it out? 4、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe，guess，suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。例：I don’t think he will come with you.I don’t believe he has finished the work. 5 注意if和when       if / when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if / when引导宾语从句时，意思分别为“是否”和“何时”，此时它们的时态根据具体情况而定。if和when引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果”和“当……的时候”，此时如果主句是一般将来时，从句部分则用一般现在时。 总结：                      that（陈述句）                       引导词       if/whether （一般疑问句）                                                         特殊疑问词 （特殊疑问                     宾                语                主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态    从                          句       时态     主句为一般过去时从句为相应的过去时  三                             要                             素                从句为客户观真理时用一般现在时            语序—宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序  专题精讲 宾语从句1、Do you know __________?A. when will the Beijing Olympic Games end.     B. when the Beijing Olympic Games will end.C. when would the Beijing Olympic Games end.    D. when the Beijing Olympic Games would end.答案：B解析：１）每个选项的连接词都一样，所以不用关注　２）从句要用陈述语序，所以排除A、C  ３）根据句意和主句动词的时态，宾语从句的时态要用一般将来时，所以排除D Could you please tell us ____ in Shanghai?    A. when will you visit the World Expo                   B. when you will visit the World Expo    C. when the World Expo will you visit                   D. when the World Expo you will visit答案：B解析：１）每个选项的连接词都一样，所以不用关注　２）从句要用陈述语序，所以排除A、３）根据句子的主谓宾划分，此题应该想表达的是“你将什么时候去参观世博”，所以C D 两项的中的主宾顺序不对，所以选B I want to know______________.A .when we should arrive at the airport            B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at            D. when the airport should we arrive at答案：A 解析：１）每个选项的连接词都一样，所以不用关注　２）从句要用陈述语序，所以排除B３）根据句子的主谓宾划分，此题应该想表达的是“我们应该什么时候达到机场”，所以C D 两项的中的主宾顺序不对，所以选A 4. The official said they _____ a new law to protect the tourists the next year.（注，此题也可归纳为动词时态考点）A .makes                                   B. would make C. made                                    D. have made答案：B 解析：此题考察的是宾语从句的动词时态题，主句谓语动词为一般过去，且从句中有表将来的时间标志性词the next year，宾语从句动词时态应为过去将来时，所以答案选B。 5. I have no idea how I can operate the new machine. (改为简单句)    I have no idea __________ __________ operate the new machine.答案：how to 解析：本题的考点是：一个宾语从句变成一句简单句：以疑问词+to do 的形式。 6.  Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (合为一句) The sales manager wants to know____ there ____any new markets in Asia.答案：if / whether  are 解析：(1) 由于原来的直接引语为一般疑问句，所以连接词为if / whether。（2）由于如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，所以按照句意此题宾语从句的时态为一般现在时。 7．"Is it the first boys-only school in the city?" asked a parent. (改为宾语从句)A parent asked _______ it _________ the first boys-only school in the city.答案：if / whether   was解析：(1) 由于原来的直接引语为一般疑问句，所以连接词为if / whether。（2）由于如果主句的谓语动词一般过去时，所以按照句意此题宾语从句的时态为一般过去时。 8、“Who is responsible for the food safety problem？”asked the reporter. (改为宾语从句)   The reporter Asked _______  _______ responsible for the food safety problem.答案：Who  was 解析：(1) 由于原来的直接引语为特殊疑问句且疑问词为who，所以连接词为who。（2）由于如果主句的谓语动词一般过去时，所以按照句意此题宾语从句的时态为一般过去时。   专题过关 检测题一：单选 I didn’t understand ________ in class, so I raised my hand to ask. （静安）   A. what my teacher said                 B. what did my teacher say     C. how did my teacher say             D. how my teacher said2. Could you tell me ______?(闵行)   A. where were you at seven last night  B. how’s your memory-improvement course    C. when you had seen the performance  D. if there are three kinds of memory3. My English teacher asked me ______.(徐汇)A. why Jane hasn’t watched the game       B. why hasn’t Jane watched the gameC. why Jane hadn’t watched the game       D. why hadn’t Jane watched the game4. Excuse me, could you please tell me ______ ? (普陀)   A. when will the film start                B. how much the ticket would cost    C. where does this bus go                 D. which gate is open5. Could you tell me _____?(嘉定)   A. how often do you see a film       B. who they are staying with   C. where did he live         D. what is she doing nowCould you tell me                    ?（青浦） A. what’s his name                     B. where can I buy a camera C. when you’ll go fishing                D. why was he late7. The learned man wondered ______ electricity was in some way like lightening during a thunderstorm.（浦东）A. what B. how C. that D. whether8. Could you tell me        in 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics?（浦东） A. how many gold medals did China get     B. how many gold medals China got C. how many gold medals has China got     D. how many gold medals China had got9. — Do you know ______ last week?（闵行）   — Maybe 1,000 yuan. I’m not quite sure. A. how much did she pay for the watch B. how much she paid for the watch C. how much did the watch she pay for  D. how much the watch she paid for10. --- Do you know ______? He is wanted by the headmaster.（卢湾）--- I don’t know. He was here a moment ago.  A. why hasn’t Tim come back B. why Tim hasn’t come back   C. why did Tim come back D. why Tim didn’t come back11. Do you know whom ____________ ?（闵行） A. dose this jacket belong to              B. is this jacket belong toC. this jacket belongs to                  D. this jacket is belonging to12. I’d like to know ______.（浦东）   A. when will you ask for leave             B. when would you ask for leave               C. when you will ask for leave             D. when you would ask for leave13. Did you know_____________at 9 o'clock yesterday evening?（青浦）A. whom was Jane waiting for                   B. whom Is Jane waiting for   C. whom Jane was waiting for                   D. whom Jane is waiting for14. Do you know______at that time?（徐汇）A. who the first computer invented               B. who the first computer inventsC. who invented the first computer               D. who invents the first computer15. During his lecture, the fireman explained to the students ______ from a burning building.（松江）  A. how could they escape  B. how they could escape   C. what could they escape D. what they could escape 参考答案：1-5 ABDBC   6-10 ABBBB    11-15CCDCB  检测题二：句型转换 一模1、Mrs. Lin asked me “Have you finished drawing the picture?” (合并为一句)（静安区）Mrs. Lin asked me ________ I ________ finished drawing the picture.2、Frank asked me, “Have you ever created a comic strip?”(改为宾语从句) （长宁区）   Frank asked me whether ________   _________ ever created a comic strip.3、“Are there any new products for the European market?” The sales manager wanted to know.（改为宾语从句）（闵行区）The sales manager wanted to know         there         any new products for the European market.4、“Is it the last bus to the city centre?” I asked the driver. (合并一句) （普陀区）   I asked the driver _______ it ________ the last bus to the city centre.5、“Do you always catch such an early train?” The policeman asked the man.(合并为一句)  (崇明区)   The policeman asked the man_______ he always ________ such an early train. 答案：1、if/whether, had    2、I  had     3、if/whether，were    4、if / whether  was   5、if/whether caught 典型易错题 1. Tom wondered whether he should go or stay at that time. (改为简单句)Tom wondered _______ ________ go or stay at that time.2. The boy asked his mother, “Does water freeze at 0℃?”(改为宾语从句)   The boys asked his mother _______ water ________ at 0℃.3. Jack’s mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?”(改为宾语从句)   Jack’s mother asked him________ he ________ packed his things.4. Martin asked the man, “Are you Mr. Smith？” (改为宾语从句)   Martin asked the man ________ he _________ Mr. Smith.5. “ What did Father Christmas put in your stocking, Alice?” Mary asked.(改为宾语从句)   Mary asked Alice what Father Christmas _________ put in _________ stocking.6. Is the watch make in Shanghai? I don’t know. (改为宾语从句)   I don’t know _________ the watch __________ made in Shanghai or not. 1. whether to  2. whether freezes  3. whether had  4. whether was   5. had her    6. whether is