上教版高考英语必修一 05 综合测试卷 教案（机构专用）

2021-2022学年上海市新高一英语上教版暑期阶段测试卷

（学生版）

（考试时间90分钟，满分100分）

II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分，共20分）

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

（A）

Experts suggest using a different password for every website you visit, and changing the password every few months. It takes trouble to keep them in mind, but it's well worth the effort. Be creative with your passwords and make it difficult for someone to enter your accounts. The more complex you make your password, 21 _________(difficult)it is for someone else to figure it out.

Use privacy settings on social websites to restrict entry into your personal information22 _________importance you should pay closer attention to. Even seemingly innocent information you expose about yourself could be used against you. I once read about a burglary. It turned out that the thieves selected that particular home23 _________they discovered the owner was out of town by reading a message on the Internet.

According to personal safety experts, it isn't an isolated experience. The information you post on websites can lead to criminal activity. You24 _________seldom think twice about posting  the concert you are going to or your weekend away, but it could be an invitation for trouble.

Information on the Internet has made it easier for thieves to steal an information about you. Never reveal your full birth date. Never respond to emails25 _________(request)personal or financial information. Do not freely offer personal information to anyone26 _________you are certain who you are dealing with. Taking the necessary precautions(预防措施)is the best way to

ensure your personal information 27_________ (stay)protected.

 (B)

Before you begin exploring nature with children, it is important to talk with families to learn about their values and children’s previous experiences with nature.    28    some children have had many positive contacts with the natural world, others may have had little direct exposure to nature. In addition, in some families or cultural communities, children    29   (teach) at a young age to fear certain animals. It is important to be sensitive to potential fears. Talking in advance with parents    30    (help) you to be prepared.

It is helpful to look carefully at your outdoor area before you begin exploring the space with your children. This will give you some idea of    31    your children may meet with and where, so you can guide the explorations more effectively.

Of course, nature does bring some danger to people. To prevent accidents, it is critical to supervise children at all times. It is also important to establish rules for children to follow    32   exploring nature both indoors and outdoors. There are some suggested rules that children should ask about before touching and treat living things with care.

It is important to reflect on your own attitude    33    nature before you begin exploring nature with children. Not everyone is equally fond of frogs, spiders, or snakes. Children readily pick up the attitudes of adults around them. Try    34    (not let) your likes and dislikes influence theirs. If you are very uncomfortable around specific animals , help children learn to appreciate them from a safe distance. Just remember that the most important thing you can do is to instill curiosity and appreciation of the nature    35    surrounds us.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

(A)

Every culture on the planet has certain topics that people avoid discussing, But the taboos of one culture may be very different from those of another. You may be surprised that people from other cultures say what you cannot talk about.

Paying attention to what people don't discuss can teach us something important about their culture. Their taboo topics give us clues about what they 36, respect or even tear. Topics that are considered too personal or too controversial may also be 37.

America is full of taboo topics. Usually, during a polite conversation, Americans will rule out both politics and religion. They also avoid talking about racial issues. Why? Because these topics can cause strong opinions and 38. Americans believe it's best to avoid them-especially at social gatherings.

Many Americans also do not feel 39 talking about their personal income, age or health. Instead, they prefer to make small talks about the weather, sports or common interests.

What do these taboos tell us about American values? For one, they show that Americans place importance on privacy. America certainly isn't the only place that values it. You will find 40 taboos about asking personal questions in many European countries. "This is especially true in Germany”, says Hanna Graf, a German living in Shanghai. “In Germany, you are not supposed to ask about other people's personal business,” she says, "But there are no 41 rules about what you cannot ask; it's just in people's mind.”

In Brazil, however, almost anything seems open to discussion. "Brazilians talk about all kinds of personal issues," says Mark Quinlan, who grew up in Brazil. But of course, even Brazil has its own taboos. In Brazil, soccer is the one topic that can turn friends into enemies. Brazilians love the sport. Saying anything 42 about soccer can cause big trouble. Even expressing 43 for one team over another can be dangerous.

Like Brazilians, Australians talk 44 about almost anything. However, they do not talk about their personal or business achievements. They prefer to let people judge them by their actions, not their words. 45 your accomplishments will only make you the target of other people's jokes.

And what about your taboos? The next time you have a conversation, pay attention to what isn't said. You might be amazed at what you learn about your own culture.

（B）

Thirty years ago, 1 in 5 children in Ethiopia didn’t live to their fifth birthdays. The government, struck by those dire(可怕的) prospects,made a long-term___46___to improve health care and increase the number of providers throughout the country. Ethiopia wrestled down its mortality(死亡) rates for children under five by two-thirds form 1990 to 2012-an impressive feat(功绩) for a low-income nation. That's the year our cover subject, Mohamad, was born. Toiba, Samredin, Munira, Toiba and Hanan-pictured at right-were born in 2012 too. And Faruk was born at the end of 2011. Their faces are a(n)  ___47___ of how their fates, and the world's have changed. And Ethiopia is not the only country where such progress is quantifiable(可计量的) . Around the globe, child mortality rates are ___48___, and millions of children have hopes of brighter futures.

When TIME asked Mohamad's family about their dreams for him, the answer was, "We hope we can provide for his needs and that he will be a great person for the future."

Great people for the future and data that gives shape to hope are the___49___ of this project. It's probably not surprising that Bill Gates' approach to optimism is___50___in hard figure, specifically in statistics around child mortality rates, poverty lines and disease rates. Science comes in numbers, and numbers tell the truth.

These ___51___enhance something. we talk about every day at TIME: how to hold a prism of light to a world that can seem___52___, constantly, dark. Gates wanted to ___53___exactly that, and so we created it together. Throughout these pages, you'll find contributors you know, and some you've never heard of, offer their views of ___54___in turbulent(混乱的) times, along with other heartening facts from which hope ___55___.

   As representative John Lewis, a man who has not only witnesses history but made it, writes in his contribution, “you have to be optimistic. If not, you will get lost in despair.”

                                                               ---THE EDITORS

II. Reading Comprehension (45分)

Section A (每题1分，共15分)

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The price of gold

 For decades gold miners have pillaged（掠夺）the lush Peruvian Amazon forest of Madre de Dios in search of the precious metal. Now a study reports that illegal mining is sharply ___56___ despite local government efforts to curb（遏制）it——and this is taking a heavy toll on the ecosystem.

 In 2012 the Peruvian government announced a number of legal rules to ___57___Madre de Dios —— considered the country’s biodiversity capital——against miners. Authorities conducted attacks, broke down illegal camps, and ___58___ fuel and supply traffic. Despite the ___59___, the total mining area had increased by about 40% (to around 170,000 acres) just four years later.

 According to the most comprehensive analysis to date, the ___60___——possibly enabled by poor control of the region and greater highway access—— extended into at least one of the forest’s two national reserves, protected areas where mining is prohibited.

 Extracting（摄取）gold from rock can ___61___ the environment. Illegal mining activities often use liquid mercury（水银）, a poisonous chemical that can drip into the soil or be burned off and released as poisonous fumes. And the ___62___ of illegal mining go well beyond those of the extraction process. Miners often chop down thousands of acres of forest with heavy machinery that ___63___the landscape.

 “You can see those dredging machines（挖泥机）sucking silt（淤泥）from the river, hear their engines,” says Raul Tupayachi, a Peruvian biologist at the Carnegie Institution for Science and a co-author of the study. “We hope our data would show a drop in deforestation rates after the government actions tried to ___64___ mining actives, ” he says. “But we saw that, in the long run, they haven’t really made much of a(n) ___65___.”

 The study, which analyzed satellite images taken between 1999 and 2016 and was published last August in Environmental Research Letter, found a(n) ___66___ decline in deforestation after the government’s actions in 2012. By 2013, ___67___, forest loss rates had ballooned. New mines started to appear in the following years. They ___68___protected areas such as the Tambopata National ——home to the indigenous(本土的) Ese Ejja, Quechua and Aymara peoples, as well as brightly colored macaws, giant river otters and jaguars. By 2016 mining operations had cut down at least 1,287 acres of forest within the reserve.

 William Llactayo, a geographical engineer at Peru’s Ministry of Environment, who did not take part in the work, says the study comes at a ___69___ time, if the mining trend continues, Llactayo says, “a lot of these areas will be ___70___degraded（降级）in the years to come.”

56. A. in danger   B. on the rise  C. under control  D. out of date
57. A. warn    B. defend   C. ruin    D. identify
58. A. added    B. gathered  C. burned    D. regulated
59. A. effort    B. achievement C. guidance   D. damage
60. A. property   B. power   C. practice   D. influence
61. A. pollute    B. conserve  C. control    D. explore
62. A. adventure   B. causes   C. links    D. consequences
63. A. dominates   B. protects  C. scars    D. designs
64. A. coordinate   B. develop  C. direct    D. control
65. A. recognition   B. impact   C. comparison   D. agreement
66. A. inevitable   B. long-term  C. initial    D. disastrous
67. A. besides   B. otherwise  C. therefore   D. however
68. A. extended   B. invaded  C. searched   D. left
69. A. critical    B. certain   C. appropriate   D. right
70. A. equally   B. mysteriously C. irreversibly   D. necessarily

Section B （每题2分，共22分）

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that best fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

（A）

In today's throwaway society，dealing with the city's growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council（市议会）．

Recently，Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of（处理） about 250，000 million tons of waste a year．Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner-largely through encouraging recycling-its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it．

The European Union （EU） has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of．The five councils （Edinburgh，East Lothian，West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders） face fines around ￡18 million a year from 2013 if they don't increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill．With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant（垃圾焚烧厂） to burn half of the waste produced in their districts．But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city's waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025．

After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city's waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello．

Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion．But soon they turned it down-after 700 local objections reached them-because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas．

That still leaves the council with a problem．By 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill．Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up．Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out．

71. The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is________.        

A．recycling   

B．restoring

C．burying   

D．burning

72．The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to________.        

A．reduce the cost of burying waste

B．meet the EU requirements

C．speed up waste recycling

D．replace landfill sites

73．The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because________.  

A．it came from a private company

B．the council was not interested in it

C．it was not supported by EU

D．the local people were against it

74．What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils？         

A．To open a new landfill nearby．

B．To close the Powderhall landfill in 2015．

C．To set up a plant for burning waste．

D．To persuade people to reduce their waste．

 (B)

Mapping Your World

    Different forms of maps are appearing. They allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visiting, from the official to the unusual. Meanwhile, hi-tech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world. Here are two of our favorites:

Green Maps

    Green Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly places and attractions in the local areas. Users add information with a set of icons(图标), making it easy to read any map, whatever the  nationalities of those who produce it. At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries. Green Maps' advertised idea is "think global, map local". It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information of a place, ranging from community garden to good places of bird watching.

    Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers. Not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with producers through the Green Maps website.

Map Mashups

Many people use online maps developed by Google, but not many know about the mashups of them. Working in a similar way to Green Maps, Maps Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic. The mashups is so called because it combine all the knowledge you could ever need. It ranges from the extremely useful, such as where all the World. Heritage Sites are, to the most bizarre(古怪的), such as where America’s drunkest cities are. With the mashups added to the basic Google Maps, a multi-layered(多层的) map can be created.

75. According to the passage, which of the following is a characteristic of Green Maps?

A: Aiming at environmental protection.

B: Introducing local attractions with icons.

C: Offering advice to independent travelers.

D: Collecting icons worldwide for local maps.

76. Which of the following icons is most probably NOT used in Green Maps?

A:                                 B: 

C:                               D: 

77. Map Mashups is named with the word "mashups" because _____.

A: it is produced by users all over the world

B: it gathers various kinds of information

C: it shares icons with Green Maps

D: it is a branch of Google Maps

78. What do Green Maps and Map Mashups have in common?

A: They are created by local people.

B: They are environmentally friendly.

C: Users can edit maps on the Internet.

D: Users need to communicate with produces

 (C)

How is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.

     Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’ lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one-on-one time with parents. But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.

      A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.

     One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.

79. The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “_______”.

A. in a different family environment   B. in a different family tradition

C. in different family crises     D. in different families

80. In terms of language development, later-borns ________.

A. get their parents’ individual guidance   B. learn a lot from their elder siblings

C. experience a lot of difficulties     D. pick up words more quickly

81. What was found about fights among siblings?

A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.  

B. Siblings in some families fought frequently. 

C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.

D. Siblings learned to get on together from fights.

82. The word "feminine" (in Para. 4) means "_______".

A. having qualities of parents  

B. having qualities of women

C. having defensive qualities

D. having extraordinary qualities

 (D)

You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or a creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering.“They”are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as“they”are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.

Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.

Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others—and even themselves—to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.

In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.

In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.

83. What does the word“they”in Paragraph 1 probably refer to _________.

A. People and things around you.     B. Opportunities and problems.

C. Creators and their choices.     D. Victims and their sufferings.

84. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

A. Creators and victims face quite different things in life.

B. Creators and victims are masters of their lives.

C. Victims can influence more people than creators.

D. Compared with victims, creators are more emotional.

85. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that __________.

A. strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims

B. people need family support to deal with challengers in life

C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains

D. one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life

86. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A. To define victims and creators.

B. To evaluate victims against creators.

C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.

D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.

 (E)

Recently, as the British doctor Lord Robert Winston took a train from London to Manchester, he found himself becoming steadily enraged. A woman had picked up her phone and begun a loud conversation, which would last an unbelievable hour. Furious, Winston began to tweet about the woman. He took her picture and sent it to his more than 40,000 followers.

When the train arrived at its destination, Winston bolted. He’d had enough of the woman’s rudeness. But the press were now waiting for her on the platform. ____87____.

Winston’s tale is something of a microcosm （微观世界）of our age of increasing rudeness, fueled by social media. What can we do to fix this?

Studies have shown that rudeness spreads quickly and virally, almost like common cold. Just witnessing rudeness makes it far more likely that we, in turn, will be rude later on. Once infected, we are more aggressive, less creative and worse at our jobs. ____88____

We must have the guts to call it out, face to face. We must say, “Just stop.” For Winston, that would have meant approaching the woman, telling her that her conversation was frustrating other passengers and politely asking her to speak more quietly or make the call at another time.

____89____In my own research, surveying 2,000 adults, I discovered that the acts of revenge people had taken ranged from the ridiculous to the disturbing. Winston did shine a spotlight on the woman’s behavior—but from afar, in a way that shamed her.

We must instead combat rudeness head on. When we see it occur in a store, we must step up and say something. If it happens to a colleague, we must point it out. We must defend strangers in the same way we’d defend our best friends. But we can do it with grace, by handling it without a trace of aggression and without being rude ourselves. ____90____As the tide of rudeness rises, civilization needs civility.

V. Translation (15’)

1. 信不信由你, 用不了多久你就会对你的所作所为感到后悔的。( before)

2. 多接触英语被证明是提高英语水平的有效方法之一。( prove)

3. 缺乏对自然的敬畏在一定程度上可以解释为什么全球自然灾害不断。( account for)

4. 这条法令生效的第一天就有数百人前往申请他们的第一本护照。( apply)