2023届四川省成都市树德中学高三上学期入学考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2023届四川省成都市树德中学高三上学期入学考试英语试题含答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 树德中学2020级高三上期入学考试
英语试题
（时间：120分钟 总分：150分）
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do first?
A. Discuss a project. B. Finish a report. C. Attend a meeting.
2. Where did the woman intend to go?
A. To a cinema. B. To a restaurant. C. To Maggie’s house.
3. How does the man feel about the speech?
A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Nervous.
4. Why didn’t the woman have breakfast?
A. She is busy with her paper.
B. She gets used to skipping it.
C. She doesn’t think it’s important.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Why the cheese factory is closing.
B. When the cheese factory is closing.
C. Whether the cheese factory is closing.
第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a hotel. B. At a museum. C. At a store.
7. What does the man ask for?
A. A phone number. B. Some photos. C. The receipt.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What could the man probably be?
A. A customer service representative.
B. A website designer.
C. A shop assistant.
9. What does the woman want to do?
A. Keep track on an order.
B. Change a delivery address.
C. Return a damaged product.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Why will the woman take part in the tennis match?
A. To have fun. B. To keep fit. C. To raise money.
11. How will the woman get to the tennis courts?
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway.
12. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 8:30 a.m. B. At 9:30 a.m. C. At 10:30 a.m.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. From whom did the man learn to sail?
A. His grandparents. B. His cousin. C. His instructor.
14. How did the man find the training school?
A. On the Internet. B. In the newspaper. C. From his friends.
15. What did the man miss most about the course?
A. The skills he learned.
B. The people he stayed with.
C. The memorable sunrises he saw.
16. What do we know about the man?
A. He couldn’t afford the courses online.
B. He has completed the training course.
C. He will be a sailing instructor in the school.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Why is the speaker giving the talk?
A. To encourage teenagers to join the center.
B. To introduce the sports in the center.
C. To explain some rules in the center.
18. When did the center reopen?
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
19 What did the center have before?
A. A volleyball court.
B. An indoor swimming pool.
C. An outdoor swimming pool.
20. Who will get a 50% discount on membership?
A. People under 18. B. People under 25. C. People under 50.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
A special place to stay can make a holiday — but also break the bank. We have picked new affordable places across Europe for €150 a room a night or less.
Scourie Hotel
Doubles from €129
Opened October 2015
This hotel has been adored by fishing fans for generations. When the Campbell family bought it six years ago, they updated it with gentle, stylish furnishings. There’s a string of spectacular beaches to discover, including the Scourie Bay with golden sand.
Ho36 Hotel
Doubles from €109
Opened December 2017
This hotel offers the rarest of things — ski accommodation that is both affordable and stylish. Guests can ski or snowboard from the front door. There are two lively bars with live music and regular DJ nights, a restaurant serving hearty Alpine meals and film nights.
Conscious Hotel
Doubles from €120
Opened April 2016
This fourth hotel by Dutch sustainable brand Conscious is the first powered entirely by wind. The restaurant is fully organic and the bedrooms simple with contemporary elements. The hotel overlooks the Westerpark, one of Amsterdam’s biggest green spaces.
Dock Hotel
Doubles from €150
Opened May 2014
This large hotel on the Baltic coast is made from shipping containers. The industrial theme continues inside,with concrete walls, exposed pipes, and more containers. The hotel is 12 minutes’ walk from the beach.
1. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A. Scourie Hotel.
B. Ho36 Hotel.
C. Conscious Hotel.
D. Dock Hotel.
2. What is special about Conscious Hotel?
A. It is old-fashioned.
B It has the longest history.
C. It is environment-friendly.
D. It offers the biggest green space.
3 What can the guests of Scourie Hotel and Dock Hotel do?
A. Update the furniture.
B. Walk on the beach.
C. Appreciate architecture.
D. Visit industrial fairs.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇广告，介绍了欧洲四个廉价旅馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ho36 Hotel部分的“There are two lively bars with live music and regular DJ nights, a restaurant serving hearty Alpine meals and film nights.(这里有两个热闹的酒吧，有现场音乐和定期的DJ之夜，还有一家餐厅提供丰盛的阿尔卑斯美食和电影之夜)”可知，Ho36 Hotel有两间热闹的酒吧，还有供应美食和电影的餐厅，所以它适合那些喜欢活跃社交生活的人，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Conscious Hotel部分的“This fourth hotel by Dutch sustainable brand Conscious is the first powered entirely by wind.(这家由荷兰可持续品牌意识设计的第四家酒店是第一家完全由风力驱动的酒店)”可知，Conscious Hotel的特殊之处是，它第一个完全由风力驱动的酒店，即环境友好型的酒店，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Scourie Hotel部分的“There’s a string of spectacular beaches to discover, including the Scourie Bay with golden sand.(这里有一系列壮观的海滩等着你去发现，包括有金色沙滩的斯科瑞湾)”以及Dock Hotel部分的“The hotel is 12 minutes’ walk from the beach.(酒店距离海滩步行12分钟)”可知，这两个酒店的游客都可去沙滩上走走。故选B。
B
Mandy and Joe have been married for five years and they both love travelling to new countries. But while this shared hobby brings them together it is also a source of contention. “I do all the planning and book,” says Mandy. “Don’t get me wrong. I enjoy it, but if Joe paid a bit more attention, he wouldn’t have turned up for a flight to Grenada packed for a winter city break. ‘Jumpers and boots?!’ I cried. ‘You’re supposed to have packed shorts and T-shirts—it’s 30℃ in the Caribbean!’ Then I realized he thought we were going to Granada, in Spain.”
How Joe and Mandy each approach their travel plans is just one example of the many ways in which men and women differ. Yet, is what goes on inside our minds and bodies really so different? Furthermore, are we born that way?
On this issue, scientists are divided. The majority of scientists believed that patterns of behaviour thought to be more male or female are learnt firstly from our parents, then from our peers(同龄人)and, ultimately, from the societies in which we live. As Simone de Beauvoir famously said, “One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman.”
On the other side of the fence sat those who believed that male and female brains are actually wired differently. In one study in which 34 monkeys were required to interact with different types of toys, the males showed a strong preference for toys with wheels rather than soft toys, whereas the females were noticeably drawn to soft toys. These preferences were clearly not the result of parental influence.
Whatever the truth behind the differences between men and women, we can safely conclude that although the social impact on how we think and behave is undeniable, there exists a biological contribution. The question that now needs answering is to what extent biology affects the choices we make and the way other people treat us.
4. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Disagreement. B. Satisfaction. C. Inspiration. D. Information.
5. What topic does the text focus on?
A. Whether men and women are different. B. Why minds and bodies are so different.
C. What causes the sex difference. D. How different males and females are.
6. What does the study about monkeys prove?
A. Monkeys have their own preferences. B. Parents indeed have strong impacts.
C. Men and women are born different. D. Females and males behave differently.
7. Which statement about sex differences docs the author probably agree with?
A. Biology contributes to the difference. B. Biology mostly affects our choices.
C. Social influence can be ignored. D. Peers have more impact than parents.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章以Mandy和Joe的故事为切入点，主要介绍男人和女人在行为模式上不同的原因。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。while意为“尽管”，由“this shared hobby brings them together（共同的爱好让他们走到一起）”可知，句子表示“虽然共同的爱好让他们走到一起，但这也是争论的来源”，因此划线词“contention”的意思是“争论”，即Disagreement，故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“How Joe and Mandy each approach their travel plans is just one example of the many ways in which men and women differ. Yet, is what goes on inside our minds and bodies really so different? Furthermore, are we born that way?（乔和曼迪如何处理他们的旅行计划只是男人和女人在许多方面不同的一个例子。然而，我们的大脑和身体内部发生的事情真的如此不同吗？此外，我们是天生如此吗？）”可知，本文主要论述的是男人和女人在行为模式上不同的原因，即What causes the sex difference，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“On the other side of the fence sat those who believed that male and female brains are actually wired differently.（另一方面，那些反对此观点的人认为男性和女性的大脑实际上是不同的。）”和“These preferences were clearly not the result of parental influence.（这些偏好显然不是父母影响的结果。）”可知，关于猴子的研究证明了男人和女人是天生不同的。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“there exists a biological contribution. The question that now needs answering is to what extent biology affects the choices we make and the way other people treat us.（它也有生物学方面的影响。现在需要回答的问题是，生物学在多大程度上影响了我们的选择以及别人对待我们的方式。）”可知，作者可能同意的关于性别差异的观点是生物学造成了这种差异。故选A。
C
More than half a trillion dollars. That's the estimated value of all the stuff that U. S. shoppers bought last year only to return it—more than the economy of Israel or Austria. We tried new brands with unfamiliar sizes after seeing them on TikTok. We overbought for the holidays, and we shopped overly online, where returns are between two and five times more likely than that from stores.
Where does it all go? Take the blanket I bought on holiday sale for example. I opened the package, only to discover it was just too small for my new sofa. So I returned it. Sorry, blanket! What will happen to it?
“Your blanket is very likely to be in a landfill,” says Hitendra Chaturvedi, a supply chain management professor at Arizona State University. “That is what consumers don't realize—the life of a return is a very, very sad path.” Value is the big threshold (门槛): Is the product worth the cost of shipping back and paying someone to inspect, clean, repair or test? Experts estimate that retailers (零售商) throw away about 25％ of their returns. Every year, U. S. returns create almost 6 billion pounds of landfill waste.
Many others get resold in discount and outlet stores. Some go to sellers on websites. Some get donated to charity or recycled. “These options have increased over the past decade, allowing more and more returns to find a new home”, says Marcus Shen, chief operating officer of B-Stock, a platform where retailers can resell their returns, often to smaller stores.
As companies compete on flexible return policies, technology is also slowly playing a part: helping shoppers buy the right-size sweater or picture a new blanket inside their room. Most importantly, She says, shoppers themselves are getting more and more comfortable with buying stuff that's not exactly brand-new.
“The idea of that is no longer scary for us, right?” he says. On his holiday-returns agenda is an electric, self-heating coffee mug that he has never opened, and he feels confident it will find a happy new buyer.
8. What is paragraph 1 mainly about?
A. The challenge facing the American economy. B. The urgency to cut down on online shopping.
C. The returning problem caused by overbuying online. D. The cost of finding new homes for returned goods.
9. Why do some returns end up in landfills?
A. It's required by the return policies. B. It saves retailers 6 billion pounds a year.
C. It's impossible to put returns to other uses. D. It's more economically efficient for retailers.
10. How does technology contribute to less returning?
A. By helping shoppers make better decisions. B. By restoring the newness in returned goods.
C. By improving the return policy-making process. D. By drawing pictures of the goods for the shoppers.
11. Which of the following examples indicates a desirable end-result for returns?
A. TikTok items. B. The coffee mug. C. The blanket. D. A right-size sweater.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国购物者去年购买的所有商品的价值很高，但随之而来的是过度购买带来的高退货率，文章说明了高退货率的原因以及带来的结果。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“More than half a trillion dollars. That's the estimated value of all the stuff that U. S. shoppers bought last year only to return it—more than the economy of Israel or Austria. We tried new brands with unfamiliar sizes after seeing them on TikTok. We overbought for the holidays, and we shopped overly online, where returns are between two and five times more likely than that from stores.(超过5万亿美元。这是美国购物者去年购买的所有商品的估计价值，而这些商品的退货量却超过了以色列或奥地利的经济总值。在TikTok上看到新品牌后，我们尝试尺寸不熟悉的品牌。我们在假期过度买，过度网购，在网上退货的可能性是实体商店的两到五倍。)”可知，第一段内容主要是关于美国购物者网上过度购买导致的退货问题。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“'Your blanket is very likely to be in a landfill,' says Hitendra Chaturvedi, a supply chain management professor at Arizona State University. 'That is what consumers don't realize—the life of a return is a very, very sad path.' Value is the big threshold (门槛): Is the product worth the cost of shipping back and paying someone to inspect, clean, repair or test? Experts estimate that retailers (零售商) throw away about 25％ of their returns. Every year, U. S. returns create almost 6 billion pounds of landfill waste.(亚利桑那州立大学供应链管理教授Hitendra Chaturvedi说：“你的毯子很可能在垃圾填埋场。”。“就是消费者没有意识到的，一件退货的生命是一条非常非常悲伤的道路。”价值是一个很大的门槛：产品是否值得付运费，和花钱请人进行检查、清洁、维修或测试？专家估计，零售商丢弃了大约25%的退货。每年，美国都会产生将近60亿磅的垃圾填埋场垃圾。)”可知，大多数退货所产生的运费和其他附加费用高过商品价值本身，商家因此选择直接扔掉退货，由此可知，扔掉退货对零售商来说更具经济效益，因此许多退货最终会被丢进垃圾填埋场。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As companies compete on flexible return policies, technology is also slowly playing a part: helping shoppers buy the right-size sweater or picture a new blanket inside their room. (随着公司在灵活的退货政策上展开竞争，技术也在慢慢发挥作用：帮助购物者购买合适尺寸的毛衣或帮助他们想象他们房间里的一张新毯子。)”可知，技术可以帮助消费者抉择商品是否适合自己的需求，从而帮助购物者做出更好的购买决定，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“'The idea of that is no longer scary for us, right?'he says. On his holiday-returns agenda is an electric, self-heating coffee mug that he has never opened, and he feels confident it will find a happy new buyer.(“这种想法对我们来说不再可怕了，对吧？”他说。在他的假日退货议程上，有一个他从未打开过的电热咖啡杯，他相信它会找到一个快乐的新买家。)”可知，这个电热咖啡杯的退货会带来一个理想的结局，故选B。
D
Cigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smoked. Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hours alone, scientists say a used cigarette end will produce 14 percent of the nicotine (尼古丁) that an actively burning cigarette would produce.
While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out, an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.
“I was absolutely surprised,” since environmental engineer Dustin Poppendieck from the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). “The numbers are significant and could have important impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indoors or in cars. While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter.”
To measure emissions (排放) from this forgotten thing, Poppendieck and his team placed 2,100 cigarettes that were recently put out inside a special room. Once the ends were sealed away, the team measured eight chemicals commonly produced by cigarettes, four of which the FDA have their eye on for being harmful or potentially so.
After setting the room’s temperature, the researchers tested how emissions changed under certain conditions. When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days at a time, especially in the heat.
12. What do the researchers say about cigarette ends?
A. They contain little nicotine.
B. They produce no nicotine five days later.
C. They give off nicotine for days.
D. They create as much nicotine as burning cigarettes.
13. What do Poppendieck’s words suggest?
A. First-hand smoking does most harm.
B. The findings are within his expectation.
C. Cigarettes should be dealt with indoors.
D. Health influence of cigarette ends is ignored.
14. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to not cleaning ashtrays for days?
A. Unclear. B. Disapproving. C. Unconcerned. D. Puzzled.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful Chemicals
B. Cigarettes Are More Harmful While Being Smoked
C. Research Found Reasons For Cigarette Ends’ Harm
D. Cigarette Ends Produce More Chemicals in the Heat
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，香烟不仅在燃烧时有害，甚至在彻底熄灭后烟蒂依然会释放有害化学物质。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out, an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.( 美国食品和药物管理局的一项分析发现，虽然这些化学物质大部分在排放后的一天内被释放出来，但五天后尼古丁的含量只下降了50%。)”可知，烟熄灭后，尼古丁的浓度在五天以后仅下降一半，也就是说熄灭的烟蒂好几天内都会释放尼古丁。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中Poppendieck所说的“While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter. (虽然人们已经很关注吸一手烟、二手烟以及现在的三手烟对健康的影响，但当涉及到真正的香烟时，情况却并非如此。)”可推断，人们不像关注一手烟、二手烟和三手烟对健康的影响那样关注烟蒂对健康的影响，即它对健康的影响被忽视了。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. (例如，当房间的空气温度较高时，他们注意到这些烟蒂会以更快的速度产生这些化学物质。)”可知，温度高时，烟蒂释放有害的化学物质的速度更快。再根据“This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days at a time, especially in the heat. (这一发现可能会让那些想把烟灰缸放在外面好几天的人打消念头，尤其是在炎热的天气里。)”可知，作者并不认同好几天不清理烟灰缸的做法。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，根据全文，特别是文章第一段“Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. ”概括了主题，即研究发现吸完的烟蒂会释放有害化学物质。所以“Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful Chemicals(吸完的烟头会释放有害的化学物质)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I have sometimes given money to beggars. ___16___ Please let me explain why.
First, for every dollar that we give to a beggar, the more profitable we make begging and, comparatively, the less profitable we make working. This is bad, for we want people to work, not beg. Working is productive while begging is at best neutral and often a burden. Second, the beggar who receives the money might spend it on alcohol or drugs. ____17____
When I went to elementary school, I remember that I was very moved by a song named "Streets of London". The song tells a heartbreaking story about some of London's poorest, an old man in particular. Not long ago, however, when I heard the song on the radio, it struck me that the man in the song does not live that horrible a life after all. Judging from the lyrics of the song, the man has shoes, and occasional access to a newspaper. ____18____ So why should you give money to the beggar in the developed world instead of the starving child in Africa?
It might be harsh to claim that it is immoral to give money to Western beggars. After all, it seems reasonable that you can spend the money as you like. ____19____ If our aim is to benefit ourselves, then giving money to beggars is not suitable. If our aim is to benefit others, then giving money to beggars is also wasteful.
In seeking to help others, we should not merely give to those who are geographically close to us and whose appearance arouses our sympathy. ____20____ To achieve this, we should first decide how much we are willing to spend helping others, and then donate money to the most efficient charity.
A. Many people die of hunger in Africa.
B. True as it might be, we should spend our money wisely.
C. Why not donate money to those in need of financial aid?
D. Upon reflection, however, I have come to change my mind.
E. You almost certainly spend money helping the wrong people.
F. In a world where thousands die of hunger every day, that's a pretty comfortable life.
G. Rather, we should aid those who are the least responsible for the situation they're in.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要结合作者的经历，就不应该给乞讨者钱阐述了自己的看法。文章最后指出，我们真正应该帮助的是那些无法改变自己处境的人。
【16题详解】
根据上文的“I have sometimes given money to beggars.我曾经拿钱给乞讨的人”和下文的“Please let me explain why. 让我解释一下为什么”以及下文陈述作者不再给乞讨者钱，可推知，作者的态度发生了变化。D. Upon reflection, however, I have come to change my mind.(然而，经过深思熟虑，我改变了想法)符合文意。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Second, the beggar who receives the money might spend it on alcohol or drugs.”可知，那些收到钱的乞讨者可能把钱用来酗酒或者吸毒，这样的话好心人的钱就花在了错误的人身上。E. You almost certainly spend money helping the wrong people.(你几乎肯定把钱花在了帮助错误的人上)符合文意，选项中的wrong people就指上文的“who receives the money might spend it on alcohol or drugs.”故选E项。
【18题详解】
下文“So why should you give money to the beggar in the developed world instead of the starving child in Africa?”(因此，你为什么要把钱给那些发达世界的乞讨者，而不是给非洲那些挨饿的孩子呢？)与F. In a world where thousands die of hunger every day, that's a pretty comfortable life.(在一个每天都有数千人死于饥饿的世界里，拿是一种相当舒适的生活方式)承接自然，选项是下文提出反问的依据，此外下文的starving对应选项中的die of hunger。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“It might be harsh to claim that it is immoral to give money to Western beggars. After all, it seems reasonable that you can spend the money as you like.说给西方乞讨者钱是不道德的可能有点苛刻。毕竟，你自己的钱，你想怎么花都是合理的”以及下文“If our aim is to benefit ourselves, then giving money to beggars is not suitable. If our aim is to benefit others, then giving money to beggars is also wasteful. 如果我们的目标是对自己好，那么给乞讨者钱是不合适的；如果我们的目标是为了他人好，那么给乞讨者钱也是一种浪费”可推知，虽然钱是我们自己的，但我们要明智地花钱，不要把钱花在不必要的人身上。B. True as it might be, we should spend our money wisely.(尽管如此，我们应该明智地花钱)符合语境，且选项中的it就指上文的“it seems reasonable that you can spend the money as you like.”。故选B项。
【20题详解】
上文“In seeking to help others, we should not merely give to those who are geographically close to us and whose appearance arouses our sympathy.”(在寻求帮助别人时，我们不应该仅仅给那些地理位置上靠近我们或外表引起我们同情的人给予帮助)与G. Rather, we should aid those who are the least responsible for the situation they're in.(相反，我们应该帮助那些对他们的处境最没有能力负责的人)承接自然，上下文构成明显的转折关系，且话题一致，讲述了我们不仅要帮助那些离我们近或者让我们同情的人，而更应该帮助那些无法改变自己处境的人。故选G项。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
He came from somewhere south of Rome. I didn't know when or how he got to America, ____21____maybe. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage, extremely thin.
＂My name Tony Trivionno and I mow （割） your lawn. "he said. It was hard to comprehend his ___22___ English. "I mow your lawn, "he said again and walked away. Yes, these Depression days were ___23___，but how could I_____24_____a person who had come to me for help? When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the walks_____25_____and the garden weeded.____26____, my wife assumed I had _____27_____him. I told her of my ____28____the night before and we thought it strange that he had not asked for_____29_____。The next two days were busy, and I _____30_____ about him. But on Friday, I saw him, behind my garage again and busy around.
I managed to _____31_____ some small weekly pay for him and each day he cleaned up the yard and took care of any little _____32_____. He was very helpful whenever there were any heavy objects to lift or things to fix in my factory.
＂I want to be an apprentice （学徒），”he said one day. _____33_____ we had a good Prentice school that trained laborers, I doubted whether he had the ability to____34____ blueprints and micrometers （千分尺）.Therefore, he took a _____35_____in pay to become an apprentice.
Many years later, I found him in our____36____ meeting spot, much _____37_____ than he used to be and taking on a look of_____38_____. He was a millionaire now!
Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it-he ____39____ it himself. Tony didn't begin on the bottom rung （横档） of the ladder. He began in the_____40_____. Tony' s affairs were tiny, and all he had were 24 hours a day. He wasted none of them and succeeded finally.
21. A. swam B. cycled C. drove D. jogged
22. A. repeated B. broken C. strange D. simple
23. A. special B. boring C. ordinary D. difficult
24. A. give away B. turn away C. pick up D. cheer up
25. A. swept B. decorated C. blocked D. marked
26. A. Hopefully B. Fortunately C. Apparently D. Secretly
27. A. hired B. warned C. scared D. promoted
28. A. impression B. experience C. doubt D. anxiety
29. A. trouble B. award C. pay D. leave
30. A. wandered B. thought C. worried D. forgot
31. A. bring in B. leave out C. work out D. take in
32. A. tasks B. kids C. animals D. arguments
33. A. Now that B. In case C. Even if D. Ever since
34. A. read B. record C. copy D. draw
35. A. rise B. cut C. step D. break
36. A. casual B. memorable C. formal D. familiar
37. A. happier B. luckier C. heavier D. paler
38. A. astonishment B. confidence C. amusement D. confusion
39. A. discovered B. acknowledged C. deserved D. created
40. A. office B. school C. hotel D. basement
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了一个叫Tony Trivionno的人，在身无分文的情况下来到美国，他从为作者割草坪和打扫卫生开始，为自己挣得学费，成为Prentice school的学员，并最终通过自己的努力成为百万富翁。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他是什么时候或怎样来到美国的，或许是游泳过来的。A.swam 游泳； B.cycled 骑自行车；C. drove 开车； D.jogged 慢跑。根据文中“He came from somewhere south of Rome”可知，他是从罗马来到美国，所以猜测是“游泳”过来的。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：理解他的蹩脚的英语很难。A repeated 重复的； B broken 蹩脚的； C strange 奇怪的； D simple 简单的。根据上文的“＂My name Tony Trivionno and I mow （割） your lawn. "”和下文的“he said again and walked away”可推知，他的英语说的不好，所以用“蹩脚的”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经济萧条时期的日子过得很困难。A special 特殊的； B.boring 令人厌烦的； C.ordinary 一般的；D.difficult 困难的。根据文中“these Depression days”可知，当时是经济萧条时期，所以人们生活困难。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：经济萧条时期的日子过得很困难，但是我怎么能够拒绝这样一个来帮我的人呢？A.give away 赠送；B .turn away 解雇，转头；C. pick up 捡起，拿起； D. cheer up 欢呼。根据but再结合后文作者让他在家里工作，可知作者不忍心拒绝帮助他。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第二天晚上回到家的时候，草坪被割了，人行道被打扫了，花园被除草了。A. swept 打扫；B. decorated 装修； C. blocked 阻挡； D. marked 标记。此句讲Tony帮作者做的活计，所以路应该是被扫了。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很显然，我妻子认为我雇用的他。A. Hopefully希望； B. Fortunately 幸运的是； C. Apparently 很显然；’D. Secretly 秘密地。有人帮家里干活，妻子很容易认为是丈夫雇用的，所以用副词“很显然”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很显然，我妻子认为我雇用的他。A. hired雇用； B. warned 警告；C. scared 恐吓；D. promoted 提升。他帮我家做了好多事，所以我妻子认为是我雇用了他。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我前一天晚上的经历。A. impression 印象；B. experience 经历；C. doubt 怀疑；D. anxiety焦虑。这里应该是作者向妻子解释了前一天遇到Tony的事。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很奇怪，他并没有要工资。A. trouble 麻烦； B. award 奖品； C. pay 工资； D. leave假期。Tony帮作者家做了很多事，作者本来认为他是为挣钱的，所以作者认为他没要工资是很奇怪的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的两天很忙，我忘记了他的事。A. wandered 想要；B. thought 认为； C. worried 担心； D. forgot 忘记。上句作者说‘很忙’，所以应该是作者忘了他的事。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设法为他解决了一点周薪。A. bring in 带来； B. leave out 遗漏，省略；C. work out 计算，解决； D. take in 吸收。根据上文，Tony一直为作者家干活，所以尽管生活困难，作者还是想办法付给他薪水。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天他都在清理院子，做好任何小的任务。A. tasks 任务 ；B. kids 孩子；C. animals 动物；D. arguments争论。上文一直提到，Tony帮作者做打扫卫生的活计，用“任务”符合语境。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们有一所培训劳工的普伦蒂斯学校，但是我还是怀疑他是否有能力看得懂工程绘图和千分尺。A. Now that 既然； B. In case 以防，万一；C. Even if 即使；D. Ever since 自从。根据主从句的意思可推测，主从句应该是转折的逻辑关系。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们有一所培训劳工的普伦蒂斯学校，但是我还是怀疑他是否有能力看得懂工程绘图和千分尺。A. read 读懂；B. record 记录； C. copy 复制； D. draw 绘制；根据后面提到的“工程绘图”和“千分尺”可知，应该是“会读”这些东西。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他降了薪水成为了学徒。A. rise 上升；B. cut 剪裁； C. step 步骤； D. break 休息。take a cut 为短语，意为“消减”，此处指Tony将所得薪水的一部分拿出来当学费。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多年以前，在我们熟悉的见面地点我又发现了他。A. casual 随意的；B. memorable 可记忆的； C. formal正式的； D. familiar 熟悉的。根据句意，应该是我们以前经常见面的地方，所以是“熟悉的”。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他比以前胖了。A. happier 更幸福的； B. luckier 更幸运的； C. heavier 更重的，胖的； D. paler 更苍白的。后文提到“He was a millionaire now”可知他现在生活条件好了，因此体重应该是增加了。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年以前，在我们熟悉的见面地点我又发现了他，他比以前胖了，呈现出自信的表情。A. astonishment 吃惊；B.confidence 信心；C. amusement 娱乐； D. confusion 困惑。后文提到“He was a millionaire now”，所以可推测现在应该是更自信了。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有找到美国梦，所以他自己创造了美国梦。A. discovered 发现； B. acknowledged 承认； C. deserved 值得； D. created 创造。根据“Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it”再结合上文提到他成功了，可知，他虽然没有找到美国梦，但用自己勤劳的双手创造了美国梦。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从地下室开始。A. office 办公室；B. school 学校； C. hotel 旅馆；D. basement 地下室。根据上句，“Tony didn't begin on the bottom rung （横档） of the ladder”（他不是从最低一级的阶梯往上爬的）可知，'Tony的起点比一般人更低，所以用“地下室”符合语境。故选D。
【点睛】
第二节（共10 小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2021 was a significant year for China as the Communist Party of China (CPC) celebrated the 100th anniversary of its founding. The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee ____41____ (hold) in November. It reviewed the Party’s century-long struggle and called on its overall membership ____42____ (play) a leading role in the pursuit of a better life for the Chinese people.
2021 marked a great year for humanity, as the ____43____ (explore) of outer space was extensively carried out and achieved new progress: China’s Mars rover Tianwen-1 landed on the red planet. China’s lunar probe Chang’e-4 continues to reveal ____44____ lies on the far side of the moon, and the nation’s taikonauts have already been living and working in ____45____ (it) own Tiangong space station.
2021 also proved extraordinary when ____46____ fight against COVID-19 remained a worldwide focus. Humans were forced to tackle one virus variant after another, from Alpha to Omicron, all ____47____ (damage) public health, Against that backdrop, China still achieved steady economic growth, contributing greatly ____48____ the stability of global supply chains. It ____49____ (provide) nearly 2 billion doses of coronavirus vaccines to more than 100 countries around the globe up to now.
Peace, cooperation, development, and mutual assistance will be China’s key words in the 12 _____50_____ (month) ahead. It’s never too late to change. It’s never too late to heal.
【答案】41. was held
42. to play
43. exploration
44. what 45. its
46. the 47. damaging
48. to 49. has provided
50. months
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国非同寻常的2021年。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：11月，中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第六次全体会议召开。根据时间状语in November可知，用一般过去时。主语The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee与hold之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was held。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大会回顾了党百年奋斗历程，要求全体党员在人民追求美好生活的过程中发挥主导作用。call on sb. to do sth.号召某人做某事。故填to play。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：2021年对人类来说是伟大的一年，人类广泛开展了外太空探索，取得了新的进展：中国的“天问一号”火星探测器成功登陆火星。定冠词the 后，介词of前用名词形式，表抽象意义，不可数，故填exploration。
【44题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：中国的月球探测器嫦娥四号继续揭示月球背面的真相，中国航天员已经在自己的天宫空间站生活和工作。本句为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：中国的月球探测器嫦娥四号继续揭示月球背面的真相，中国航天员已经在自己的天宫空间站生活和工作。名词Tiangong space station前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：2021年也是非同寻常的一年，抗击新冠肺炎疫情仍是全球关注的焦点。这里特指“fight against COVID-19”，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
【47题详解】
考查独立主格。句意：人类被迫应对一个又一个病毒变种，从德尔塔到奥密克戎，所有这些变种都对公众健康造成了损害。在此背景下，中国仍然实现了稳定的经济增长，为全球供应链的稳定做出了巨大贡献。分析句子结构可知，这里为独立主格结构。all与damage之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填damaging。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意同上。contribute to对……作贡献。故填to。
【49题详解】
考查时态。句意：截至目前，中国已向全球100多个国家提供了近20亿剂新冠病毒疫苗。根据时间状语up to now可知，用现在完成时。主语为It，助动词用has。故填has provided。
【50题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：和平、合作、发展、互助将是中国未来12个月的关键词。名词month为可数名词，根据前面数词12可知，用名词的复数形式。故填months。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 下面一篇文章中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa on last Friday, causing 4 death. Over 200 people became homeless as a result of the storm. A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and last one hour. He said, “I was in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a loud noise. A few minutes late, our house fell down. I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys were missing. I quickly went back inside and found them safe but frightened.” Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless.
【答案】1. 去掉last Friday前面的on
2. death→deaths
3. last→lasted
4 while→when
5. late→later
6. shocking→shock
7. were→was
8. them→him
9. burying→buried
10. homeless前面加the
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：这是一篇新闻报道。一场大暴风雨摧毁了南非的两个村庄，造成四人死亡，200多人无家可归。当地的一个农民讲述了暴风雪发生情况。士兵们展开了救援，挽救那些被埋在废墟下的人，政府为灾民们提供了食物、衣服和帐篷。
第一处：考查介词。last Friday作时间状语无需加介词。故去掉last Friday前的on。
第二处：考查名词。此处表示“……导致四人死亡”，death是可数名词，前面有four修饰，故用复数。故将death改为deaths。
第三处：考查动词的时态。暴风雨发生在过去，用一般过去时描述，故“持续了一个小时”表示过去的事情，用一般过去时。故将last改为lasted。
第四处：考查连词。句意：我与我的妻子和孩子们正在厨房里，这时候我们听到一声巨响。此处表示一个动作发生时突然出现了另外一个动作，而while表示两个动作同时进行，故将while改为when。
第五处：考查副词。late表示“迟的；晚的”，是形容词；later表示“以后；后来”，此处表示“几分钟以后”。故将late改为later。
第六处：考查固定短语。to one’s shock是固定短语，表示“令某人震惊的是”。故将shocking改为shock。
第七处：考查主谓一致。one of ...结构作主语，谓语动词都是用单数。结合语境，句子讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故将were改为was。
第八处：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指上文提到的“one of my boys”，是单数，故将them改为him。
第九处：考查非谓语动词。bury作定语修饰those，those与bury是被动关系，表示“被埋在废墟下的那些人”，用过去分词作定语表示被动关系。故将burying改为buried。
第十处：考查冠词。“the +形容词”表示一类人，the homeless表示“无家可归的人”。故在homeless前加the。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华。请你根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。
写作要点：
1.做家务的理由
2.做家务的过程及感受
3.做家务的意义
注意：
1 词数100左右。
2. 需适当增加细节。
3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I am an 18-year old middle school student. I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework. Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.
　　Last Sunday, when my parents went out shopping, I suddenly got an idea: why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning? Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I swept and mopped the floors.
　　At this very moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining. My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes. Tired as I was, I never felt so happy.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很少，几乎不：seldom→ barely
考虑：think about → consider
完全的：thorough→ complete
高兴的：happy→ pleased
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework.
拓展句：I have been busy with my study so that I seldom helped my parents with the housework.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作原因状语。）
【高分句型2】Last Sunday, when my parents went out shopping, I suddenly got an idea: why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning?（运用了when引导的时间状语从句。）
听力答案：1. B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10. C 11.C 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. A 16.B 17.A 18.C 19. C 20. A