2022届河南省六市高三第一次联合调研检测(三模)英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届河南省六市高三第一次联合调研检测(三模)英语试题含解析，共26页。

2022年河南省六市高三第一次联合调研检测
英语
考生注意：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上的指定区域。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 考试听力
1. What size coat does the woman want?
A. Size 85. B. Size 90. C. Size 95.
2. What is the main factor of winning matches according to the man?
A. Physical strength. B. Good skills. C. Teamwork spirit.
3. What is Taylor doing now?
A. Typing a file. B. Having a meeting. C. Filling out a form.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. How to lead a low — carbon life.
B. Where to buy household goods.
C. Which electrical equipment saves energy.
5. When does James suggest going to the new supermarket?
A. This morning. B. This afternoon. C. This evening.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Good friends. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Send a text to Sandy. B. Ring up Sandy. C. Go to Sandy’s house.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a studio. B. At the tailor’s. C. At Mary’s house.
9. What will Tim usually do if the customers’ clothes don’t fit well?
A. Adjust improper clothes. B. Make a new one by hand. C. Choose other clothes in the shop.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is a taco in Mexico?
A. A long tunnel. B. A local snack. C. A famous beach.
11. What attracts Tony most in Tulum?
A. Impressive bridges. B. Comfortable beaches. C. Beautiful mountain scenery.
12. How many tunnels does the train go through?
A. 36. B. 87. C. 90.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where did the woman learn about the turtles?
A. From a friend. B. From the Internet. C. From a program.
14. How far can a turtle swim per hour?
A. 200 meters. B. 2,000 meters. C. 29,000 meters.
15. Why is the sand’s temperature important to turtles?
A. It decides baby turtles’ sex. B. It affects the number of eggs. C. It changes the speed of hatch.
16. How can people help to protect turtles according to Rob?
A. By banning the use of plastic. B. By stopping hunting them. C. By making nests for them.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker probably?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A host.
18. What is wholedic.com mainly for?
A. Explaining English words. B. Offering listening practice. C. Showing English grammars.
19. What is the speaker’s advice on learning English words?
A. Guess the meanings. B. Use them in spoken English. C. Keep a diary with them.
20. What is the key to learning English?
A. Remembering words as many as possible.
B. Reciting more English sentences.
C. Sticking to reading and learning.
第二部分 阅读理解
Chinese New Year 2022 in London event programme
Online celebrations
Follow CNY London on social media channels for online celebrations from 31 January to 6 February 2022. Usually, every year, hundreds of thousands of people pour into the West End to enjoy a colourful parade, free stage performances, dragon or lion dancing and traditional Chinese food. But this year special online activities have replaced the canceled parade, live performances and events.
Television broadcast
Watch a special television broadcast on London Live and YouTube on 6 February.
Chinatown food
Head to Chinatown where you’ll be able to shop for presents, enjoy on the go treats and sit down for a traditional Chinese New Year meal in one of Chinatown’s restaurants.
Top tips for Chinese New Year
Follow these tips for celebrating Chinese New Year in London:
Wrap up warm: celebrations take place in February when the weather can be cold.
Learn Chinese New Year greetings: Say “Xin Nian Kuai Le” (Happy New Year in Mandarin) or “San Nin Faai Lok” (in Cantonese)
Dress in red: Red is the key colour of Chinese New Year. You can dress up with a red scarf, jumper or shoes — this will bring good luck for the coming year.
Enjoy special Chinese New Year food: order a whole chicken or try dumplings at top restaurants in Chinatown
Buy something red: To bring luck to your year, Chinese tradition dictates that you should buy something red for yourself or your house.
Ensure good luck: In Chinese culture, to “climb high and gaze far” on New Year’s Day or the following day brings good luck in business, career, study and fortune. Take a trip on the Emirates Air Line cable car, head up to The View from The Shard or see the sights from the London Eye.
How to get to the Chinese New Year event
There is no organized Chinese New Year event in London in 2022 because of the epidemic, but the area around Chinatown may still become busy during the celebrations. Plan your route in advance using Transport for London’s Journey Planner.
1. Where can you usually see the Chinese New Year celebrations in London?
A. In the London Eye. B. In the View from The Shard.
C. In the West End. D. On the Emirates Air Line.
2. Which of the following disagrees with the tips given in the passage?
A. To enjoy live music. B. To wear warm clothes.
C. To buy some red decorations. D. To climb high and gaze far.
3. Why is this year’s parade canceled?
A. It’s not allowed by the government. B. The serious epidemic is still not over.
C. London is suffering freezing cold weather. D. CNY London makes the online celebrations popular.

Sunscreen protects our skin from sunburn. But did you know that it is harmful to coral living in the ocean?
Some chemicals in sunscreen, such as benzophenone, can kill coral. Every year, about 4,000 to 6,000 tons of sunscreen will flow into coral areas, according to the US National Park Service.
About one and a half years ago, Zhang Baoxin, 17, who studies at Guangdong Experimental High School, read about this in an article. Then she had an idea — to make an environmentally friendly sunscreen to protect the marine environment.
To make this happen, Zhang read lots of literature and then put forward a new formula. She mixed natural plant oils with safe and commonly-used sunscreen ingredients, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide powder. She tested about 10 kinds of plant oils, including jojoba oil and coconut oil, to figure out whether they can take in sunlight. She then used a microscope to find out if the oil could be mixed with the powder. After trying about 20 formulas, Zhang found a jojoba oil formula that is effective, cheap and easy to make.
Zhang wrote a paper to explain her findings with her experimental process and data. The project made Zhang a nominee of the Stockholm Junior Water Prize, an award to celebrate teenagers who help solve major water challenges. She was the only nominee from the Chinese mainland in 2020.
After this successful experiment, Zhang made some samples and printed out flyers for her new formula. She gave them out to people at swimming pools and water parks. “With my formula, anyone can make sunscreen at home. You just need a blender to mix the oil and the powder,” she said.
Zhang wants to study environmental science in college. “I want to use my knowledge to make a better world,” she said.
4. What probably inspired Zhang to make a new kind of sunscreen?
A. Her desire to protect the species in the sea.
B. Her wish to study environmental science.
C. A book published by the US National Park Service.
D. A project at Guangdong Experimental High School.
5. What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?
A. Features of the new sunscreen Zhang made. B. Differences between different ingredients.
C. The process of developing the new sunscreen. D. Difficulties Zhang met inventing new sunscreen.
6. What happened after Zhang’s successful experiment?
A. She was accepted into a famous university. B. She won the Stockholm Junior Water Prize.
C. She popularized the way to make the sunscreen. D. She continued to improve her sunscreen.
7. Which of the following best describes Zhang Baoxin?
A. Curious and cheerful. B. Helpful and sociable.
C. Diligent and cautious. D. Creative and responsible.

Bees are a big part of the life cycle of plants, carrying pollen from one flower to another and allowing plants to produce their frequently yummy output. But with bee populations on the decline, what can take their place? How about soap bubbles(肥皂泡)?
It may sound fantastical. But Eijiro Miyako and his colleague at the Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology have used battery-powered bubble makers to pollinate(授粉) a pear orchard. The details of their magical approach to agriculture are in the journal Science.
A few years back, Miyako and his team tried to copy the pollinating of honeybees by adopting a two-inch-long toy drone with brushes made of horsehair. But the tiny flyer was tough to control. And its hairy little brushes ended up damaging the delicate targets.
After spending some time blowing bubbles with his son, Miyako started thinking more seriously about these soapy little wonders. He figured bubbles would be sticky enough to carry and deliver a pollen load but soft and flexible, so they shouldn’t hurt a blossom when they land. The researchers chemically bettered their soapy solution to make bubbles that were mechanically stable and actually enhanced the pollination process. Out in the orchard, they aimed their soap bubbles at row after row of pear trees. And they found the bubble system worked just as well as the more labor-intensive pollination by hand: pear trees pollinated by bubble eventually yielded fruit — a sweet sign of success. Miyako has also upgraded the drone — this time using a larger model — equipped with a machine that lets out a huge number of bubbles in a short time. And it has a big advantage over the hand-held model. Because it’s fully autonomously controllable by GPS with Google Map. So the drones can make a beeline to where farmers need them, you know, to be.
8. Why do people try other ways to help pollinate plants?
A. Because raising bees needs much labor.
B. Because the number of bees is decreasing.
C. Because bees work inefficiently.
D. Because bees produce less honey now.
9. What was the problem with the toy drone?
A. It was hard to operate. B. It couldn’t work from a distance.
C. It produced few bubbles. D. It needed to be recharged often.
10. What can we learn about the upgraded drone?
A. It is a hand-held model. B. It is much more efficient.
C. It hurts blossoms sometimes. D. It is too large to be controllable.
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Pear trees bear less fruit recently B. The population of bees is decreasing
C. Drones benefit modern agriculture D. Soap bubbles help pollinate plants

It’s called the Bank of Happiness, but it has nothing to do with money. Founded a year ago in Estonia’s capital Tallinn, it’s a forum in which more than 2,000 members from Estonia and other countries connect to offer or receive services free of charge.
The site carries more than 500 ads in English, German and Estonian from people offering or seeking all kinds of things, including teaching and tips on cooking. The website is also translated into French and Spanish.
Founder Airi Kivi says the goal is to make people think and act with their hearts. “After the worldwide outbreak of the pandemic, I thought, ‘Wow, our bank is perfect for the crisis and a lot of people are unemployed and they can use it to harvest what they need.’”
So how does it work? It’s simple: You sign up using your real name and post what you are offering or what your need is, as long as it doesn’t involve money or products.
Masseuse Terge Reintem says she signed up when she was unemployed because she needed to improve her skills by learning from others. But she stayed on even after finding a new job because she says it feels good to volunteer. “If I discover a new technique, I want my bank customers to first experience it,” Reintem says, adding they are often nicer than the paying ones.
Member Veronika Davel says she infringed the rules with her first request when she asked for a product: a computer. But she did it unknowingly. Later, she began offering services of her own on the bank’s website. “The main thing I really could offer was English,” Davel explains. “There was a young girl who needed to have better English for her job and I gave her a hand.”
The site has many more offers of help than requests for it. That’s as it should be, Kivi says, adding that the bigger reward comes from giving.
12. How can the Bank of Happiness benefit its members?
A. They can help each other at no cost. B. They can place ads for their products.
C. They can travel to many countries for free. D. They can read much news about happiness.
13. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 6?
A. Obeyed. B. Broke. C. Made. D. Bent.
14. Why does Reintem keep serving the bank?
A. To improve her skills. B. To win more customers.
C. To enjoy the helpfulness. D. To learn new techniques.
15. How does the writer introduce the bank?
A. By using specific data. B. By giving examples.
C. By referring to common knowledge. D. By using comparison and contrast.
第三部分 七选五
What causes depression? According to the Mayo Clinic, some of the “causes” may be due to troubled relationships. Others may be depressed as a result of threats of bullying or cyberbullying. ____16____ Even worse, physical and mental abuse or natural and human-caused disasters can impact one’s mental state.
____17____ Other symptoms are difficulty concentrating, feeling overwhelming stress, missing school, desire to be alone, etc. If you match a lot of the feelings above, then you may be depressed and should seek help.
____18____ Regular sleep, exercise, and healthy eating are some simple ways to lift the fog of depression. Try to say good things to yourself and others. ____19____ You can write something encouraging or positive on post-it notes and hang them up in a private place. You can also say things like, “Make someone smile & do the extra mile!” or “Have an attitude of gratitude!”
Take a break from life with a bike ride, a walk in the park, a hike in nature. You can do whatever makes you happy: write a journal about your feelings, listen to uplifting music or play video games. Finally, try not to wait until the last minute on projects. ____20____
Even though you might not want to talk about it, make yourself talk to a trusted friend, counselor or family member, etc. You’ll be surprised to know that there are many other people out there who are depressed.
A. You’d better consult your doctor.
B. Some people may ignore their feelings.
C. What can you do to deal with depression?
D. Because it will contribute to more stress.
E. Try to stay positive, and think of your blessings in life.
F. Long-term stress from school or work can also cause depression.
G. Some of the symptoms could be not eating, sleeping, or exercising enough.
第四部分 完形填空
When Ariel Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she ____21____ a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Rojas, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Rescue Center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be ____22____. But as she approached this one, it didn’t move. She was certain that the bird needed ____23____ attention. Rojas covered her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, ____24____ picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then a thought ____25____ her: What do I do now?
Her best ____26____ was the rescue center, but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to ____27____ a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? ____28____, some confused strangers driving by ____29____ her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station.
On the subway, no one seemed particularly ____30____ by the feathered passenger. Rojas called the rescue center en route, and Tristan, an animal-care manager, ____31____ her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and rescuer to the facility. There, staff members ____32____ that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by ____33____ weights used on fishing lines.
The staff got the swan back up on her ____34____. She even made a ____35____ at the center — another injured swan. Sadly, even with all that TLC (tender loving care), the swan got ____36____ with bacteria. Two months after Rojas came to her rescue, she ____37____.
It’s a(n) ____38____ ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to ____39____ a swan in the big city — literally. In all, Rojas ____40____ two hours by foot, car, and subway. Says Tristan, “That’s the perfect summary of who she is.”
21. A. recognized B. spotted C. caught D. admired
22. A. friendly B. popular C. aggressive D. attractive
23. A. medical B. physical C. further D. slight
24. A. quickly B. casually C. desperately D. cautiously
25. A. challenged B. lightened C. struck D. inspired
26. A. advice B. deal C. dream D. bet
27. A. transport B. load C. control D. conduct
28. A. Unusually B. Suddenly C. Luckily D. Curiously
29. A. supplied B. offered C. demanded D. supported
30. A. frustrated B. bothered C. delighted D. fascinated
31. A. picked B. put C. brought D. pulled
32. A. guessed B. determined C. predicted D. imagined
33. A. sacrificing B. ignoring C. swallowing D. interrupting
34. A. head B. feet C. wing D. neck
35. A. stranger B. damage C. mistake D. boyfriend
36. A. crashed B. polluted C. infected D. poisoned
37. A. flew away B. took off C. grew up D. passed away
38. A. interesting B. disappointing C. threatening D. exciting
39. A. save B. cure C. hunt D. feed
40. A. explored B. walked C. drove D. traveled

第五部分 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games will be the new start for winter sports worldwide with over 300 million Chinese ____41____(take) up them, said International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach on Thursday, ____42____ he opened the 139th IOC Session in the Chinese capital on the eve of the Opening Ceremony.
The IOC President added that Beijing will ____43____(official) become the first city ever to host both summer and winter editions of the Olympic Games on Friday. Bach also ____44____(believe) that the Chinese people will enjoy social benefits from hosting the Games.
According to Bach, Beijing is showing solutions for a more sustainable (可持续的) future. “From re-using venues (场馆) from the Olympic Games 2008; to powering all Beijing 2022 venues with renewable energy; to minimizing environmental ____45____(impact) and reducing carbon emissions, all these measures underline the commitment of Beijing 2022 to contribute to sustainable ____46____(develop) in China,” he said.
Beijing 2022 will also mean a lot for winter sports beyond China, and change the ____47____(globe) landscape of winter sports forever.
For the athletes, Bach underlined how they have the once-in-a-lifetime opportunity ____48____(reach) not only their traditional supporters, but also a completely new fan base during these Olympic Winter Games.
“These Games are not ____49____ end of the story. With their performance and their appearance, each of these athletes can win over a huge new fan community for the time after the Games. With this they can take their own popularity and the popularity of their winter sport ____50____ a new height,” said the German.
第六部分 短文改错
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Reading is always my favorite thing. Influencing by my parents, I began reading at early age. I love reading books of all kind. Over the years I have got a lot of knowledge from books. Beside, books like Robinson Crusoe gives me courage to overcome difficulties facing me. Reading also relieves me of my lonely. Sometimes I read at home in our spare time. At school I spend time in the reading club exchange ideas with other students. Knowing that what others read is exciting in the club. Nothing gives me much pleasure than reading.
第七部分 书面表达
52. 假如你是李华，一群美国大学生将要来中国进行为期半年的交流项目。要求你代表中国寄宿家庭给美国学生写封信，介绍如何在中国寄宿家庭生活，内容包括：日常起居、饮食、待人接物等方面。
注意：
1. 词数100左右（开头结尾已给出，不计入词数）；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear friends,
Welcome to China! I hope you will enjoy your new life with your Chinese Homestay.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua










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第一部分 考试听力
【答案】
【解析】
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年中国新年在伦敦的活动计划以及庆祝中国新年的建议。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Usually, every year, hundreds of thousands of people pour into the West End to enjoy a colourful parade, free stage performances, dragon or lion dancing and traditional Chinese food.(通常，每年都有成千上万的人涌入伦敦西区，观看五彩缤纷的游行、免费的舞台表演、舞龙舞狮和传统的中国美食)”可知，在伦敦，你通常可以在伦敦西区看到中国新年的庆祝活动。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Wrap up warm: celebrations take place in February when the weather can be cold.(穿暖和些：庆祝活动在二月举行，那时天气可能会很冷)”；第七段“Dress in red: Red is the key colour of Chinese New Year. You can dress up with a red scarf, jumper or shoes — this will bring good luck for the coming year.(穿红色衣服：红色是中国新年的主色。你可以戴上红领巾、套头衫或鞋子，这将为来年带来好运)”以及倒数第二段“Ensure good luck: In Chinese culture, to “climb high and gaze far” on New Year’s Day or the following day brings good luck in business, career, study and fortune. Take a trip on the Emirates Air Line cable car, head up to The View from The Shard or see the sights from the London Eye.(确保好运：在中国文化中，元旦或翌日“登高望远”会给生意、事业、学习和财富带来好运。乘坐阿联酋航空公司的缆车，前往碎片大厦的景观，或从伦敦眼欣赏美景)”可知，A选项“欣赏现场音乐”与文章中给出的提示不一致。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There is no organized Chinese New Year event in London in 2022 because of the epidemic, but the area around Chinatown may still become busy during the celebrations.(由于疫情的影响，2022年伦敦没有组织中国新年活动，但中国城周边地区可能仍会在庆祝活动期间变得繁忙)”可知，今年的游行被取消了是因为这种严重的流行病还没有结束。故选B。
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。得知普通防晒霜对海洋中的珊瑚有害后，广东高中生Zhang Baoxin经多次试验，开发出了一款环境友好型的防晒霜。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Some chemicals in sunscreen, such as benzophenone, can kill coral. Every year, about 4,000 to 6,000 tons of sunscreen will flow into coral areas, according to the US National Park Service.(防晒霜中的某些化学物质，如二苯甲酮，会杀死珊瑚。根据美国国家公园管理局的数据，每年大约有4000到6000吨防晒霜流入珊瑚区)”以及第三段“About one and half years ago, Zhang Baoxin, 17, who studies at Guangdong Experimental High School, read about this in an article.(大约一年半以前，就读于广东实验高中的17岁学生Zhang Baoxin在一篇文章中读到了这一点)”可知，为了保护海洋生物，Zhang决定研发一种新的防晒霜。故选A项。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第四段“To make this happen, Zhang read lots of literature and then put forward a new formula. She mixed natural plant oils with safe and commonly-used sunscreen ingredients, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide powder. She tested about 10 kinds of plant oils, including jojoba oil and coconut oil, to figure out whether they can take in sunlight. She then used a microscope to find out if the oil could be mixed with the powder. After trying about 20 formulas, Zhang found a jojoba oil formula that is effective, cheap and easy to make. (为了实现这一目标，张阅读了大量文献，并提出了一个新的公式。她将天然植物油与安全和常用的防晒成分混合，如二氧化钛和氧化锌粉末。她测试了约10种植物油，包括霍霍巴油和椰子油，以确定它们是否能吸收阳光。然后她用显微镜看看油是否能和粉末混合。在尝试了大约20种配方后，张找到了一种有效、廉价且易于制作的霍霍巴油配方)”可知，第四段主要介绍了新防晒霜开发的过程。故选C项。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“After this successful experiment, Zhang made some samples and printed out flyers for her new formula. She gave them out to people at swimming pools and water parks.(在这次成功的实验之后，张制作了一些样品并印制了她的新配方的传单。她把它们分发给游泳池和水上公园的人们)”可知，张的实验成功后，她推广了制作防晒霜的方法。故选C项。
4. 推理判断题。通读全文并根据最后一段“Zhang wants to study environmental science in college. “I want to use my knowledge to make a better world,” she said.(张希望在大学里学习环境科学。“我想用我的知识创造一个更好的世界，”她说)”结合文章主要讲述了Zhang Baoxin为了保护海洋生物，而反复试验，最终研制出一种新的防晒霜的故事，由此可看出，她既是一个富有创造力（creative）又是一个有责任感的（responsible）人。故选D项。
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲的是因为蜜蜂数量的减少，日本Eijiro Miyako及其同事研究用肥皂泡来替代蜜蜂授粉，并通过实践证明，此种方法很有效。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“But with bee populations on the decline, what can take their place?(但是随着蜜蜂数量的下降，什么能取代它们呢？)”可知，人们寻求其他授粉方式是因为蜜蜂的数量正在减少。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“But the tiny flyer was tough to control.(但是这个小飞行器很难控制)”可知，这个玩具无人机不好操作。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Because it’s fully autonomously controllable by GPS with Google Map. So the drones can make a beeline to where farmers need them, you know, to be.(因为它完全可以通过GPS和谷歌地图自动控制。所以无人机可以直飞到农民需要它们的地方)”可推知，升级后的无人机效率更高了。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是因为蜜蜂数量的减少，人们研究用肥皂泡来替代蜜蜂授粉，并通过实践证明，此种方法很有效，结合第一段后两句“But with bee populations on the decline, what can take their place? How about soap bubbles(肥皂泡)?(但是随着蜜蜂数量的减少，什么能取代它们呢？肥皂泡怎么样？)”可知，“Soap bubbles help pollinate plants(肥皂泡帮助植物授粉)”适合作为本文的标题。故选D。
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“幸福银行”的情况，介绍了运作方式以及不同的人对它的看法。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Founded a year ago in Estonia’s capital Tallinn, it’s a forum in which more than 2,000 members from Estonia and other countries connect to offer or receive services free of charge.(该论坛于一年前在爱沙尼亚首都塔林成立，来自爱沙尼亚和其他国家的2000多名会员通过该论坛免费提供或接受服务)”以及第四段“So how does it work? It’s simple: You sign up using your real name and post what you are offering or what your need is, as long as it doesn’t involve money or products.(那么它是如何工作的呢？这很简单：你用你的真名注册，然后发布你提供的或你需要的东西，只要不涉及金钱或产品)”可知，幸福银行可以免费互相帮助来使其成员受益。故选A。
2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“So how does it work? It’s simple: You sign up using your real name and post what you are offering or what your need is, as long as it doesn’t involve money or products.(那么它是如何工作的呢？这很简单：你用你的真名注册，然后发布你提供的或你需要的东西，只要不涉及金钱或产品)”以及画线词后文“with her first request when she asked for a product: a computer”可知，幸福银行要求不涉及金钱或产品，而Veronika Davel要求一台电脑，这违反了规定，故画线词意思是“违反”。A. Obeyed遵守；B. Broke打破，违反；C. Made制作；D. Bent弯曲。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“But she stayed on even after finding a new job because she says it feels good to volunteer.(但她在找到一份新工作后还是留下来了，因为她说做志愿者的感觉很好)”可知，Reintem一直为银行服务是因为她喜欢提供帮助。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Founder Airi Kivi says the goal is to make people think and act with their hearts. “After the worldwide outbreak of the pandemic, I thought, ‘Wow, our bank is perfect for the crisis and a lot of people are unemployed and they can use it to harvest what they need.’”(创始人Airi Kivi说，我们的目标是让人们用心去思考和行动。“疫情在全球爆发后，我想，‘哇，我们的银行在这场危机中是完美的，很多人都失业了，他们可以用它来收获他们需要的东西。’”)”；倒数第三段中“Masseuse Terge Reintem says she signed up when she was unemployed because she needed to improve her skills by learning from others.(按摩师特格·雷坦姆说，她是在失业时报名的，因为她需要向别人学习来提高自己的技能)”以及倒数第二段中“Member Veronika Davel says she infringed the rules with her first request when she asked for a product: a computer. (会员维罗妮卡·达维尔说，她的第一个要求就是要一台电脑，这就违反了规定)”可推知，作者是通过举例来介绍银行的。故选B。
第三部分 七选五
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了导致抑郁的原因以及缓解抑郁的方法。
1. 根据上文“What causes depression? According to the Mayo Clinic, some of the “causes” may be due to troubled relationships. Others may be depressed as a result of threats of bullying or cyberbullying.(引起抑郁症的原因是什么？根据梅奥诊所的说法，一些“原因”可能是由于不良的关系。其他原因可能是因为欺凌或网络欺凌的威胁而抑郁)”以及后文“Even worse, physical and mental abuse or natural and human-caused disasters can impact one’s mental state.(更糟糕的是，身体和精神上的虐待或自然和人为的灾难会影响一个人的精神状态)”可知，上文列举了一些导致抑郁的原因，后文则是对本句的递进，故F选项“来自学校或工作的长期压力也会导致抑郁”符合语境，故选F。
2. 根据后文“Other symptoms are difficulty concentrating, feeling overwhelming stress, missing school, desire to be alone, etc. If you match a lot of the feelings above, then you may be depressed and should seek help.(其他症状包括难以集中注意力、感到巨大的压力、旷课、渴望独处等。如果你符合以上的很多感受，那么你可能会感到沮丧，应该寻求帮助)”可知，本句是在描述抑郁的一些症状，G选项中some与后文Other构成并列结构。故G选项“一些症状可能是不想吃，不想睡，或者不想运动”符合语境，故选G。
3. 根据后文“Regular sleep, exercise, and healthy eating are some simple ways to lift the fog of depression. Try to say good things to yourself and others.(有规律的睡眠、锻炼和健康的饮食是一些简单的方法来驱散抑郁的迷雾。试着对自己和别人说好话)”可知，后文提到了改善抑郁的方法，故C选项“你能做什么来应对抑郁？”符合语境，故选C。
4. 根据后文“You can write something encouraging or positive on post-it notes and hang them up in a private place. You can also say things like, “Make someone smile & do the extra mile!” or “Have an attitude of gratitude!”(你可以在便利贴上写一些鼓励或积极的东西，并把它们挂在一个私人的地方。你也可以这样说：“让别人微笑，做更多的事！”或“要有感恩的态度！”)”可知，后文提到了写下积极的话，即保持乐观，故E选项“试着保持乐观，想想你生活中的幸福”符合语境，故选E。
5. 根据上文“Take a break from life with a bike ride, a walk in the park, a hike in nature. You can do whatever makes you happy: write a journal about your feelings, listen to uplifting music or play video games. Finally, try not to wait until the last minute on projects.(从生活中解脱出来，骑自行车，在公园里散步，在大自然中远足。你可以做任何让你开心的事：写日记记录你的感受，听振奋人心的音乐或玩电子游戏。最后，不要等到项目的最后一分钟)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明不要拖延的原因：会造成更多的压力。故D选项“因为它会造成更多的压力”符合语境，故选D。
第四部分 完形填空
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙的是罗哈斯在发现了一只中毒的天鹅，并走了很长的路将天鹅送到救援中心，不幸的是，天鹅最后还是感染死亡了。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：走了一英里后，她在水边发现了一只美丽的雌疣鼻天鹅。A. recognized识别，辨认；B. spotted发现；C. caught抓住；D. admired钦佩。根据下文“ knew that mute swans can be ________. But as she approached this one, it didn’t move.(她知道疣鼻天鹅也有攻击性。但当她靠近这只，它没有动。)”可知，她发现了一只天鹅。故选B。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：30岁的罗哈斯曾在曼哈顿的野生鸟类救援中心(Wild Bird Rescue Center)工作，她知道疣鼻天鹅也有攻击性。A. friendly友好的；B. popular流行的，受欢迎的；C. aggressive有攻击性的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据她曾是救援中心工作人员及下文“But as she approached this one, it didn’t move.(但当她靠近这只，它没有动。)”，but所体现的转折对比关系可知，她知道天鹅是具有攻击性的，故选C。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她确信这只鸟需要医疗照顾。A. medical医疗的；B. physical物理上的，身体上的；C. further更深远的；D. slight轻轻的。根据上文提到天鹅具有攻击性，却没有动，以及下文“ There, staff members ________ that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by ________ weights used on fishing lines.（在那里，工作人员确定这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，因为它吞下了用在钓鱼线上的重物。）”可知，这只天鹅中毒了，需要医疗照顾，故选A。
4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：罗哈斯用自己的夹克盖住小鸟的头，让它保持平静，然后小心翼翼地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。A. quickly快速地；B. casually日常地；C. desperately绝望地；D. cautiously谨慎地，小心翼翼地。根据前文提到这只天鹅需要医疗照顾可知它生病了，所以应“小心翼翼”把它捡起，故选D。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时她突然想到:我现在该怎么办？A. challenged挑战；B. lightened点亮；C. struck击打，碰撞，想起；D. inspired激励。结合下文“Her best ________ was the rescue center(她最好的选择是救援中心)”，可推知，作者当时在想“要怎么办”，这个想法“突然地”出现在她脑海，sth. struck sb.表示“某人突然想到某事”，故选C。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她最好的选择是救援中心，但那是在东河对岸，在城镇的另一边。A. advice建议；B. deal交易；C. dream梦想；D. bet选择。根据下文“Rojas called the rescue center en route, and Tristan, an animal-care manager, ________ her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and rescuer to the facility. (罗哈斯在路上给救援中心打了电话，动物保护经理特里斯坦在地铁站接了她，然后开车送她、自行车和救援人员去了救援中心。)”可知，她选择了将天鹅送到救援中心，bet此处表示“她的选择”，故选D。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她怎么能用自行车把一只17磅重的天鹅运到那么远的地方？A. transport运输；B. load负载；C. control控制；D. conduct实施，指挥。根据前文可知她要将天鹅送往救援中心，但她骑的是自行车，天鹅由有17磅重，所以将天鹅“运输”到救援中心是一个问题，故选A。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一些困惑的陌生人开车将她、她的自行车和天鹅送到附近的地铁站。A. Unusually不寻常地；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Curiously好奇地。根据前文可知，她一个人运输天鹅比较困难，结合句意提到有人给她搭便车可知，这是“幸运地”，故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一些困惑的陌生人开车将她、她的自行车和天鹅送到附近的地铁站。A. supplied 供应；B. offered 提供；C. demanded要求；D. supported支持。根据“Luckily”和“a lift to a nearby subway station.”可知，有人给她搭便车送她们到地铁站，短语offer sb. a lift表示“给某人搭便车”，故选B。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在地铁上，似乎没有人被这个带羽毛的乘客所打扰。A. frustrated沮丧的；B. bothered 打扰；C. delighted高兴的；D. fascinated着迷的。作者将天鹅带上了地铁，本是一件比较奇怪的事情，但似乎没有人感到“被打扰”。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗哈斯在路上给救援中心打了电话，动物保护经理特里斯坦在地铁站接了她，然后开车送她、自行车和救援人员去了救援中心。A. picked 捡起，接；B. put放；C. brought买；D. pulled拉。根据句中“ Rojas called the rescue center en route, and Tristan, an animal-care manager”提到给救援中心打了电话可知，应有人来接她们，短语“pick sb. up”表示“接某人”，故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，工作人员确定这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，因为它吞下了用在钓鱼线上的重物。A. guessed猜；B. determined确定；C. predicted预测；D. imagined想象。根据下一句提到她吞下钓鱼线的重物，可推知，工作人员确定可能是她中毒了，故选B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，工作人员确定这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，因为它吞下了用在钓鱼线上的重物。A. sacrificing牺牲；B. ignoring忽视；C. swallowing吞咽；D. interrupting打断。根据“天鹅可能是中毒”可知，它“吞下”了钓鱼线上的重物，故选C。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作人员让天鹅重新站了起来。A. head头；B. feet脚；C. wing翅膀；D. neck脖子。根据前文内容可知，天鹅中毒了，动不了，罗哈斯将它送到救援中心后，医护人员应治疗它，所以是让它重新站起来，故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她甚至在中心交了个男朋友——另一只受伤的天鹅。A. stranger陌生人，奇怪的人；B. damage 伤害；C. mistake错误；D. boyfriend男朋友。根据“另一只受伤的天鹅”可推知，她和这只天鹅“谈恋爱”，所以是交了一个男朋友，选D。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，即使经过精心的照料，天鹅还是感染了细菌。A. crashed撞毁；B. polluted污染；C. infected感染；D. poisoned下毒。根据宾语“细菌”以及下文“Two months after Rojas came to her rescue, she ______.（罗哈斯救她两个月后，她去世了。）”可知，她“感染了”细菌，最后死了。故选C。
17. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：罗哈斯救她两个月后，她去世了。A. flew away飞走；B. took off脱衣服，起飞；C. grew up长大；D. passed away去世。根据上一句提到她感染了细菌，可推知，最后去世了。故选D。
18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是为了拯救大城市里的一只天鹅，人们愿意走多远。A. interesting有趣的；B. disappointing令人沮丧的；C. threatening令人害怕的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文提到天鹅感染细菌去世了，可知，这是一个“令人失望的”结局，故选B。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是为了拯救大城市里的一只天鹅，人们愿意走多远。A. save拯救，节约，保存；B. cure治疗；C. hunt 伤害；D. feed喂养。根据前文内容可知，罗哈斯为和其他人了救这只天鹅，走了很远的路，故选A。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，罗亚斯要步行，开车，坐地铁，走两个小时。A. explored探索；B. walked走路；C. drove开车；D. traveled旅行，走。根据“步行、开车和坐地铁”可知，罗哈斯为了救这只天鹅，“走”了两个小时，故选D。

第五部分 语法填空
【答案】41. taking
42. as##when
43. officially
44. believed
45. impacts
46. development
47. global 48. to reach
49. the 50. to
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要报道了国际奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫对2022年北京冬奥会的评价。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：开幕式前夕，在中国首都主持第 139 届国际奥委会会议时，国际奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫周四表示，北京2022年冬季奥运会将开启全球冬季运动新纪元，超过3亿中国人从事冬季运动。分析句子结构可知，“with +名词/代词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）”with复合结构，设空处需填入非谓语动词，动词短语take up与Chinese 之间是主谓关系，因而用现在分词形式表主动，作宾补。故填taking。
2. 考查时间状语从句。句意：开幕式前夕，在中国首都主持第139届国际奥委会会议时，国际奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫周四表示，北京2022年冬季奥运会将开启全球冬季运动新纪元，超过3亿中国人从事冬季运动。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，因而as/when都符合要求。故填as/when。
3. 考查副词。句意：国际奥委会主席补充说，北京将于周五正式成为第一个既举办夏季奥运会又举办冬季奥运会的城市。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词become，因而需用副词作状语。故填officially。
4. 考查时态。句意：巴赫还相信，中国人民将从举办奥运会中受益。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少句子的谓语，根据前文时态可知，本句使用一般过去时。故填believed。
5. 考查名词。句意：从2008年奥运会场馆的再利用，到2022年北京所有场馆的可再生能源供电，再到最大限度地减少环境影响和碳排放，所有这些措施都突现了中国北京2022为可持续发展做出贡献的承诺。根据形容词environmental可知，设空处需填入名词，impact为可数名词，空前无表示单数的修饰词，因而填名词复数形式。故填impacts。
6. 考查名词的数。句意：从2008年奥运会场馆的再利用，到2022年北京所有场馆的可再生能源供电，再到最大限度地减少环境影响和碳排放，所有这些措施都突现了中国北京2022为可持续发展做出贡献的承诺。根据形容词sustainable可知，设空处需填入名词做介词to的宾语，develop的名词development为不可数名词。故填development。
7. 考查形容词。句意：2022年北京冬奥会对中国以外的冬奥会也意义重大，并将永远改变冬奥会的全球格局。根据后面的名词landscape可知，设空处需填入形容词作定语。故填global。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于运动员来说，巴赫强调了他们如何在这些冬奥会期间获得千载难逢的机会，不仅可以接触到他们的传统支持者，还可以接触到一个全新的粉丝群。短语have the opportunity to do表示“有机会做”，设空处缺少不定式。故填to reach。
9. 考查冠词。句意：这些比赛并不是故事的结局。end是可数名词，由句意可知此处表示特指，因而用定冠词the。故填the。
10. 考查介词。句意：凭借这个，他们可以将自己的受欢迎程度和冬季运动的受欢迎程度提升到新的高度。根据a new height和句意可知，设空处需填入介词表示“到”。故填to。
第六部分 短文改错
【答案】1. Influencing→Influenced
2. early前添加an
3. kind→kinds
4. Beside→Besides
5. gives→give
6. lonely→loneliness
7. our→my
8. exchange→exchanging
9. 删除that
10. much→more
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了作者喜欢阅读，介绍了阅读带给自己的好处和感受。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：受父母的影响，我从小就开始阅读。分析句子结构可知influence与逻辑主语构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故Influencing改为Influenced。
2. 考查冠词。句意：受父母的影响，我从小就开始阅读。结合句意表示“早期，小时候”短语为at an early age。故early前添加an。
3. 考查固定短语。句意：我喜欢读各种各样的书。结合句意表示“各种各样的”可知短语为of all kinds。故kind改为kinds。
4. 考查副词。句意：此外，像《鲁滨逊漂流记》这样的书给了我克服困难的勇气。修饰后文句子应用副词besides，beside表示“在旁边”，为介词，不符合语境。故Beside改为Besides。
5. 考查主谓一致。句意：此外，像《鲁滨逊漂流记》这样的书给了我克服困难的勇气。like Robinson Crusoe为插入语，不影响主语的人称和数，此处为一般现在时，主语为books，谓语应用动词原形。故gives改为give。
6. 考查名词。句意：阅读也减轻了我的孤独。作介词的宾语，表示“孤独”应用名词loneliness，不可数。故lonely改为loneliness。
7. 考查代词。句意：有时我在我的业余时间在家看书。此处指在作者的业余时间，应用代词my。故our改为my。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在学校，我花时间在阅读俱乐部与其他学生交流思想。表示“花时间做某事”短语为spend time doing sth.。故exchange改为exchanging。
9. 考查宾语从句。句意：在俱乐部里，知道别人读什么书是一件令人兴奋的事。此处为what引导的宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，故删除that。
10. 考查比较级。句意：没有什么比读书更能带给我乐趣的。根据后文than reading可知应用much的比较级形式。故much改为more。
第七部分 书面表达
【答案】Dear friends,
Welcome to China! I hope you will enjoy your new life with your Chinese Homestay. All of homestay families are of great hospitality and I believe you will love them at the first sight. During your stay, you will have an independent bedroom. Free Wi-Fi is available. Meals include breakfast, lunch and supper, of which breakfast is western style and the rest two are Chinese flavor. When it comes to table manners, we often let the seniors eat first to show respect for them. Besides, you should avoid tapping the bowls with chopsticks, which is impolite. In fact, the best policy is “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”.
We are eager to meet you and sincerely hope you will enjoy the time you spend in the homestay families.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表中国寄宿家庭，给即将来中国的美国学生写信，从日常起居、饮食、待人接物等方面介绍如何在中国寄宿家庭生活。
1. 词汇积累
确信：believe→ensure
此外：Besides → Moreover
事实上：In fact→As a matter of fact
盼望：be eager to do→ long to do
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：During your stay, you will have an independent bedroom. Free Wi-Fi is available.
拓展句：During your stay, you will have an independent bedroom, where free Wi-Fi is available.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】When it comes to table manners, we often let the seniors eat first to show respect for them.（运用了when引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, you should avoid tapping the bowls with chopsticks, which is impolite.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）